Electrical Submersible Pump Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP)(ESP)

Presented byPresented byWin Nyunt AungWin Nyunt Aung

ESP ESP or or

Dynamic displacement PumpDynamic displacement Pump

• Turn a staged series of centrifugal pump Turn a staged series of centrifugal pump andand

• To increase the pressure of the well fluid To increase the pressure of the well fluid and push it to the surface.and push it to the surface.

Component parts of ESPComponent parts of ESP

ESP assembly consists of:ESP assembly consists of:

• Subsurface electric motorSubsurface electric motor

• Seal section (protector)Seal section (protector)

• Multi-staged centrifugal pumpMulti-staged centrifugal pump

• Electric cableElectric cable

Electric MotorElectric Motor

Electric motor used in ESP operations are Electric motor used in ESP operations are designed:designed:

• Two poles, three-phase & induction type.Two poles, three-phase & induction type.

• Typically operated at 2900 rpm on 50 Hz Typically operated at 2900 rpm on 50 Hz

(or 3500 rpm on 60 Hz).(or 3500 rpm on 60 Hz).

• Amperage requirement may be from 20 to Amperage requirement may be from 20 to 120A.120A.

• Operating voltage range from 230V to Operating voltage range from 230V to 5000V. 5000V.

Electric Motor

Connector to power system

Housing

Rotor

Rotor Bearing

Seal section (protector)Seal section (protector)

It performs basic functions as:It performs basic functions as:

• Provide a tight connection between the Provide a tight connection between the motor and pump by drive shaft of motor to motor and pump by drive shaft of motor to pump shaft.pump shaft.

• Sealing and pressure equalizing between Sealing and pressure equalizing between motor oil and wellbore fluid. motor oil and wellbore fluid.

Seal sectionor

Protector

Connect to motor

Seal assembly

Housing thrust bearing

Housing

Bellow type equalizer

Centrifugal Pump with intake Centrifugal Pump with intake sectionsection

• Stage is important function and need to Stage is important function and need to select.select.

• Stages can be used allow up to several Stages can be used allow up to several hundred.hundred.

• Each stage consists of :Each stage consists of :

- - impellerimpeller (supplies energy of fluid to be (supplies energy of fluid to be pumped)pumped)

- - diffuserdiffuser (transforms the kinetic energy into (transforms the kinetic energy into

pressure energy before sending to impeller) pressure energy before sending to impeller)

Centrifugal PumpRotor shaft

Impeller

Diffuser

Housing

Cable & selectionCable & selection

• Round cableRound cable Polynitrile / polythylene with copper or Polynitrile / polythylene with copper or

aluminum conductor, galvanized armor.aluminum conductor, galvanized armor.• Flat cableFlat cable Polynitrile with copper conductor, Polynitrile with copper conductor,

galvanized armorgalvanized armor

Selection of cable type / size is primarily Selection of cable type / size is primarily based on fluid conditions, BHT and space based on fluid conditions, BHT and space limitations within the casing size.limitations within the casing size.

Electric Cable Components

Subsurface assembly of ESPSubsurface assembly of ESP

Surface Control panelSurface Control panel

ESP Control Penal

Ground Rod

Connection from transformer

Connection to junction box

Pump selection:Pump selection:1. Assume 1. Assume desired volumetric flow ratedesired volumetric flow rate, ,

determine determine PPwfwf from IPR relationship. from IPR relationship.

2. Calculate minimum 2. Calculate minimum pump depthpump depth and pump and pump intake pressureintake pressure based on based on PPwf wf ..

3. Determine required 3. Determine required pump dischargepump discharge pressure pressure from the pressure traverse calculation.from the pressure traverse calculation.

4. Determine dynamic head (4. Determine dynamic head (∆P∆P)) for flow in tubing. for flow in tubing.

5. Calculate the 5. Calculate the heightheight of produced fluid using of produced fluid using ∆P.∆P.

6. Determine number of stages(6. Determine number of stages(NNss ) by fluid height. ) by fluid height.

7. Finally, determine required horsepower for 7. Finally, determine required horsepower for selected pump can be read from characteristic selected pump can be read from characteristic chart by chart by NNss

SUMMARYSUMMARYAdvantages:Advantages:

• Can produce very high Can produce very high volume of fluidvolume of fluid

• More efficient in More efficient in deeper deeper wellwell than s/rod pumps. than s/rod pumps.

• Able to handle some free Able to handle some free gas in the pumped fluid.gas in the pumped fluid.

• May cause good movable May cause good movable action in producing zones.action in producing zones.

• Can operate at high Can operate at high temperature and high temperature and high pressure.pressure.

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:

• Severely to get in sand Severely to get in sand falling problemfalling problem

• Can cause pump Can cause pump components wear and tear components wear and tear due to sand and fine due to sand and fine particle. particle.

• High voltage requirement.High voltage requirement.

• Handle with care during Handle with care during RIH and POOH operations RIH and POOH operations

References:References:

1.1. API RP 11R(1986) / 11S3(1999) Electric Submersible API RP 11R(1986) / 11S3(1999) Electric Submersible Pump Installation, 2Pump Installation, 2ndnd edition. edition.

2.2. API RP 11S(1986) Operation, Maintenance & API RP 11S(1986) Operation, Maintenance & Troubleshooting of ESP Installation, 2Troubleshooting of ESP Installation, 2ndnd edition. edition.

3.3. Henri CHOLET (2000) Well Production Practical Handbook.Henri CHOLET (2000) Well Production Practical Handbook.

4.4. Denis Perrin (1999) Oil & Gas Field Development Denis Perrin (1999) Oil & Gas Field Development Techniques.Techniques.

5.5. Michael J. Economides / A. Daniel Hill (1994) Petroleum Michael J. Economides / A. Daniel Hill (1994) Petroleum Production System.Production System.