electricity generation, distribution and supply in ireland
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Electricity Generation, Distribution and Supply in Ireland. Bob Hanna SEI 24 September 2003. Electricity Generation, Distribution and Supply in Ireland. How much electricity is generated? Fuel mix for generation Structure of the electricity supply system Generating Stations Efficiency - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Electricity Generation, Distribution and Supply in
IrelandBob HannaSEI
24 September 2003
Electricity Generation, Distribution and Supply in Ireland
• How much electricity is generated?
• Fuel mix for generation
• Structure of the electricity supply system
• Generating Stations
• Efficiency
• Suppliers
• Emissions
How Much Electricity is Generated?
• Installed Capacity is about 4,700 MW
• Peak Demand over 4,000 MW
• Instantaneous Power varies between 1,200
MW and 4,000 MW
• Electricity Generated per annum c. 22 TWh
(22,000 GWh)
Generation Fuel Mix
Generation Fuel Mix
ESB Power Stations - Thermal
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
West
Station Capacity (MW) Fuel Type
Bellacorick 40 PeatShannonbridge 125 PeatLanesboro 85 PeatMoneypoint 915 CoalGreat Island 240 OilMarina 115 GasAghada 525 GasPoolbeg 1,020 Gas/OilTarbert 620 OilNorth Wall 266 Gas/Oil
ESB Power Stations - Hydro
Station Capacity (MW)
Ardnacrusha 86Pollaphuca 30Golden Falls 4Leixlip 4Carrigadrohid 8Inniscarra 19Cliff 20Cathleen's Falls 45Clady 4Turlough Hill (pumped storage) 292
Independent Power Producers
•Edenderry Power 120 MW Peat
•Synergen 400 MW Gas
•Huntstown 343 MWGas
Generation Market Shares 2005
ESB
Viridian/NIE
Others/Independents60%
18%
22%
Forecast All-Ireland Generation 2005
Participant Installed Capacity
(MW)
Proportion of Total
(%) ESB Power Gen (RoI) 4394 50.7 Renewables/CHP/SSG (RoI) 920 10.6 NIE contracted capacity (NI) 1614 18.7 Synergen (RoI) 400 4.6 Huntstown (RoI) 283 3.3 Dungarven (RoI) 110 1.3 Capacity released from NIE contracts (NI)
77 0.9
New Entrant (NI) 400 4.6 Uncontracted Moyle Interconnector (NI)
350 4
Other uncontracted (NI) 110.5 1.3 Total 8658.5 100%
NORTHERNIRELAND
TARBERT
DUNMANWAY
RAFFEEN
CARRICK-ON-SHANNON
TURLOUGHHILL
CARRICKMINES
FASSAROE
MOY
TAWNAGHMORE
CAHIR
CLOON
GILRA
BLAKE
WOODLAND
MUNGRET
LIMERICK
BUTLERSTOWN
WATERFORD
FLAGFORD
GALWAY
GRANGEFINGLAS
INCHICORE
NORTH WALLPOOLBEGSHELLYBANKS
MAYNOOTH
CARLOWSHELTON
ABBEY
DUNSTOWN
KILTEELNEWBRIDGE
ANNER
BANDON
MACROOM
CARRIGADROHID
KILBARRYINNISCARRA
TRABEGMARINA
TRALEE
MONETEEN
RATHKEALE
CASTLEFARM
AUGHINISH
DRUMLINE
ENNIS
MONEYPOINT
TULLABRACK
DALLOW
PORTLAOISE
KILKENNY
IKERRIN
KILTOY
LETTERKENNY
STRABANE
BELLACORICK
LOUTH
SHANKILL
NAVAN
KNOCKUMBER
MULLINGAR
ATHLONE
LANESBORO
KNOCKRAHA
RINAWADE
CATHALEEN'SFALL
ENNISKILLEN
CLIFF
SLIGO
DUNGARVAN
CASTLEBAR
RICHMONDPLATIN
GLASMORE
ARKLOW
CRANE
WEXFORD
THURLES
DOONBALLYDINE
GREAT ISLAND
BARRYMORE
MALLOW
KNOCKEARAGH
KILLONAN
BRINNY
TANDRAGEE
LISDRUM
DUNDALK
FERBANE
SHANNONBRIDGECASHLA
MIDLETON
CHARLEVILLE
POLLAPHUCA
AHANE
DRYBRIDGE
RHODE
PROSPECT
TRIEN
AGHADA
ARDNACRUSHA
SOMERSET
BINBANE
ARIGNA
GOLAGH
MEATH HILL
THORNSBERRY
KELLIS
BANBRIDGE
NEWRY
BALLYAHINCH
WARINGSTOWN
MAGHERAFELT
DUNGANNON
ANTRIM
LOGUESTOWN
COLERAINE
LIMAVADY
COOLKEERAGH
LISAGHMORE
BALLYMENAKELLS
LARNE BALLYLUMFOR
KILROOT.
RATHGAEL
CASTLEREAGH
POWER STN WESTHANNAHSTOWN
LISBURN
The ESB system comprises a 400/220/110kV network with generation distributed around the country but with a significant proportion concentrated in the Dublin area.
ESB Network Issues
• Planning Difficulties for O/H LInes• Significant Low Voltage + Congestion
Problems• Capex Constraints (~ €0.5 Billion)• “Shallow” Connection Policy• Delayed Access for New Entrants• Inadequate Generation Margins
Efficiency Considerations
• Conventional Thermal Power Plant: 30 – 36%
• Large Open Cycle GT Plant: 36%
• Large CCGT Plant: 55%
• Medium Scale CHP Plant: 80%
(inc. heat)
Efficiency of Total Electricity System
Efficiency of Electricity Supply
30%
31%
32%
33%
34%
35%
36%
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Electricity Suppliers
• The market is 40% open (threshold is 1 GWh per annum)
• Approximately 40 licensed suppliers!
• 4 main competitors to ESB Supply:
• Energia
• ESB Independent Energy
• BGE
• Airtricity
CO2 Emissions per kWh of Electricity Generated
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
19
80
19
81
19
82
19
83
19
84
19
85
19
86
19
87
19
88
19
89
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
CO
2/k
Wh
of
Ele
ctr
icity G
en
era
ted
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
Ele
ctr
icity D
em
an
d (
GW
h)
kg CO2/kWh Electricity GWh
Energy Related CO2 Emissions by Mode of Energy Application
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1990 1995 2000 2001
Mt
CO 2
Transport Electricity Thermal
Relative Cost of CO2 Reduction Measures
Service
Strength of
Demand Growth
CO2
IntensityRelative Cost of
Reduction*
Electricity ++ +++ 1
Heat + ++ 10
Transport +++ +++ 5
* Climate Change Strategy
Summary of Key Parameters
• Diversified fuel mix (but increasingly less so)
• Almost totally isolated system (but increasingly less so)
• Long overhead lines at low TX or DX voltages
• Transmission constraints
• Generation shortage
• Price!
• Choice of Suppliers
• Electricity focus for Emissions Reductions