ElectronicsElectronicsSection 2Section 2

Robotics, Electronics, and Fluid Robotics, Electronics, and Fluid PowerPower

ObjectivesObjectivesBy the end of the unit, the students will be able By the end of the unit, the students will be able

to:to:

1.1. State what Electronics areState what Electronics are

2.2. State why Electronics are importantState why Electronics are important

3.3. Demonstrate how to draw an Electronics Demonstrate how to draw an Electronics SystemSystem

4.4. Demonstrate how to wire an Electronics Demonstrate how to wire an Electronics SystemSystem

5.5. State what resistors are and how to read themState what resistors are and how to read them

6.6. State what capacitors and transistors are and State what capacitors and transistors are and what function they havewhat function they have

What are What are ElectronicsElectronicsWhat is Electronics?What is Electronics?

Answer:Answer:

Electronics is electronic components, Electronics is electronic components,

integrated circuits and electronic systems integrated circuits and electronic systems

used to make such devices as miniature used to make such devices as miniature

electronics circuits and wireless technologyelectronics circuits and wireless technology

Why are Electronics Why are Electronics importantimportant

Electronics are important because they Electronics are important because they allow us to perform various tasks just by allow us to perform various tasks just by pushing a button or turning a knob. pushing a button or turning a knob. Sensors now allow equipment that could Sensors now allow equipment that could hurt someone to sense them and shut hurt someone to sense them and shut off. The cars are equipped with off. The cars are equipped with electronics like airbag systems, ABS electronics like airbag systems, ABS brakes, anti spinning system and burglar brakes, anti spinning system and burglar alarm. Modern electronics have also alarm. Modern electronics have also revolutionized medical diagnosis by revolutionized medical diagnosis by introducing new techniques like introducing new techniques like ultrasonic imaging systems ultrasonic imaging systems

Drawing a Electronics Drawing a Electronics SystemSystem

Just like Pneumatics, Electronics uses Just like Pneumatics, Electronics uses symbols to represent different pieces symbols to represent different pieces and currents. You have to talk the and currents. You have to talk the system out to make sure you aren’t system out to make sure you aren’t forgetting anything or overloading forgetting anything or overloading the system. the system.

ResistorsResistors

Resistors are like check valves in a Resistors are like check valves in a Pneumatic system. They limit or prevent Pneumatic system. They limit or prevent flow of electricity through the system in flow of electricity through the system in one direction but allow it to flow freely in one direction but allow it to flow freely in the other. The difference is that a the other. The difference is that a resistor provides resistance to the system resistor provides resistance to the system only allowing a certain amount of only allowing a certain amount of electricity to flow through so as not to electricity to flow through so as not to short circuit the system. Resistors are short circuit the system. Resistors are read using different colors and will be read using different colors and will be explained on the following pages.explained on the following pages.

ResistorsResistors

BlackBlack BrownBrown RedRed OrangeOrange YellowYellow GreenGreen BlueBlue VioletViolet GrayGray WhiteWhite

00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99

Reading ResistorsReading Resistors

Match first color withMatch first color with

first numberfirst number Match second number withMatch second number with

second colorsecond color Third color tells you how Third color tells you how

many zeros to add at endmany zeros to add at end

ExamplesExamples

Blue, Red, Blue = 62,000,000 Blue, Red, Blue = 62,000,000 Ohms or 62M OhmsOhms or 62M Ohms

530 Ohms = Green, Orange, 530 Ohms = Green, Orange, Brown color codeBrown color code

CapacitorsCapacitors A capacitor is a storage device in an electronics A capacitor is a storage device in an electronics

system. It is kind of like a short term battery system. It is kind of like a short term battery that only holds a little amount of electricity. It that only holds a little amount of electricity. It cannot produce electrons, rather just store them. cannot produce electrons, rather just store them. A capacitor is measured in Farads, Microfarads, A capacitor is measured in Farads, Microfarads, and Picofarads. The more Farads the more watts and Picofarads. The more Farads the more watts your system can handle. For example, a 2 Farad your system can handle. For example, a 2 Farad capacitor can handle 2000 watts. A 1 Farad capacitor can handle 2000 watts. A 1 Farad capacitor can handle 1000 watts. The difference capacitor can handle 1000 watts. The difference between a Capacitor and a Battery is a capacitor between a Capacitor and a Battery is a capacitor will dump its entire charge in under a second will dump its entire charge in under a second where a battery takes minutes to completely where a battery takes minutes to completely discharge.discharge.

Capacitor cont’dCapacitor cont’d

The capacitor in its simplest form consists The capacitor in its simplest form consists of 2 metallic plates that are close to each of 2 metallic plates that are close to each other but are not touching. The material other but are not touching. The material that separates the metallic plates is that separates the metallic plates is called a dielectric and can be ceramic, called a dielectric and can be ceramic, air, Mylar film, Tantalum and even a air, Mylar film, Tantalum and even a paste substance known as electrolyte. paste substance known as electrolyte.

Capacitor symbol with Capacitor symbol with batterybattery

Capacitor with Light Capacitor with Light BulbBulb

You can connect this systemup until the light bulb goes outthen remove the battery. Replace the battery with a wireand the bulb will go on for aslong as the capacitor holds its energy.

TransistorsTransistors

The Transistor is a 3 lead device The Transistor is a 3 lead device having a Base, Collector, and having a Base, Collector, and Emitter. By applying the correct Emitter. By applying the correct polarity across these leads you can polarity across these leads you can cause the transistor to amplify weak cause the transistor to amplify weak signals, switch higher circuit loads signals, switch higher circuit loads with a small signal input, and with a small signal input, and perform various functions for the perform various functions for the circuit it is used in. circuit it is used in.

Ohm’s LawOhm’s Law

Voltage = E

Current = I

Resistance = R

Ohm’s Law states that:

Voltage (E) = Current (I) x Resistance (R)

Current (I) = Voltage (E) / Resistance (R)

Resistance (R) = Voltage (E) / Current (I)