electroweak physics at the tevatron aidan robson university of glasgow for the cdf and d0...
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Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
Aidan RobsonUniversity of Glasgow
for the CDF and D0 CollaborationsAspen, 13 February 2011
CDF Zee
(from Stirling, ICHEP04)
2004, using < 100 pb–1
2Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
3
Jets
W/Z
HiggsSusy
quarktop
bottomquark
dibosons
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
4
Zg WZ ZZ WW/WZ -> lnjj
Motivation
High-statistics precision measurements
Diboson physics
Outlook
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
pT(Z) x3 G(W)
5
Tevatron
h = 1.0
h = 0.6
h = 2.0muonchambers
D0
h=2
h=3
0 1 2 3 m
2
1
0
tracker had cal
hadronic calEM cal had
calsolenoid
pre-radiator shower max
silicon
EM cal
h=1
CDF
Fibre tracker to |h|<1.8Calorimeter to |h|<4Muon system to |h|<2
Drift chamber to |h|<1Further tracking from SiCalorimeter to |h|<3Muon system to |h|<1.5
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
Electrons: good EM shower shape small hadronic energy isolated in calorimeter well-matching good track (except far forward)
Muons: MIP in calorimeter isolated hits in muon chamber well-matching good track
Z selection: 2 oppositely-charged electrons or muons invariant mass consistent with mZ
W selection: exactly one electron or muon energy imbalance in reconstructed event, associated with neutrino
6Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
W and Z selection
7
pT(Z) ppT
pZantiproton proton
y1/2 ln E+pz
E–pz
CDF
[~angular variable]
pT(Z)300
d/d
p T
pT(Z)300
d/d
p T
pT(Z)300
d/d
p T0<|y|<1 1<|y|<2 2<|y|<3 distribution different for different y?
pT(Z)pT(Z)
pQCD reliable
resummation / parton shower with non-perturbative model
resummationrequired
multiple soft gluon radiation
300
Z Z
2
Z
2
Z
Z/g*
q
q
l+
l–
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 8
Earlier pT(Z)
PRL 100 102002 (2008)
Electron channel:
Compare 4 models: Resbos with default parameters Resbos with additional NLO–NNLO K-factor NNLO (Melnikov and Petriello) NNLO rescaled at to data at 30GeV/c
RESBOS event generator implements NLO QCD and CSS resummation
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 9
pT(Z)New measurement in muon channelPresented at the level of particles entering the detectorto avoid model-dependent corrections
However for comparison with previous measurement, correct to 4p and for mass window:
Phys. Lett. B 693 522
10
pT(Z)
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
At particle level:
Phys. Lett. B 693 522
f*h
11
aT : component of pT(ll) transverse to dilepton thrust axis.Less susceptible than pT(ll) to detector effects
Best variable:
€
φη* = tan(φacop /2)sin(θη
* ) – highly correlated with aT/mll
( measures scattering angle of leptons wrt beam, in rest frame of dilepton system)
€
θη*
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 12
f*h
eee
mm
arXiv:1010.0262
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 13
f*h
arXiv:1010.0262
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 14
Drell-Yan angular coefficients
LO term : determine Afb
LO term
cos2θ : higher order term
(θ, φ) terms
very small terms
Rest frame of dilepton system
Integrate over all cosθ ,
=0 =0
Integrate over all φ ,
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 15
Drell-Yan angular coefficients
A2=A0 at LO‘Lam-Tung’ relationTrue only for spin-1 gluons,strongly broken for scalar gluons
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 16
Drell-Yan angular coefficients
A4 sensitive to Weinberg angle
A4 using 2.1 fb-1 data = 0.1098 ± 0.0079
Translated to sin2θW in FEWZ : sin2θW = 0.2331±0.0008
Translated sin2θW in POWHEG : sin2θW = 0.2328±0.0008
CDF Run II Preliminary
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 17
W charge asymmetry
Al() = A(yW) (V–A) ~
d s (l+)/d – ds (l–)/d d(x)
ds (l+)/d + ds (l–)/d u(x)
AW(y) d s (W+)/dy – ds (W–)/dy
d s (W+)/dy + ds (W–)/dy
Run 1 measurement resulted in d quark increased by 30% at Q2=(20GeV)2
W±
p p
nl±
duu
uud
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 18
W charge asymmetry
19
mW
mW:D0: mW = 80402 ± 43 MeV/c2
CDF: mW = 80413 ± 48 MeV/c2
Tev: mW = 80420 ± 31 MeV/c2 (includes Run 1)
LEP: mW = 80376 ± 33 MeV/c2Heading to CDF 25MeV/c2 measurement
CDF DmZ (stat)
published (200/pb) 43 MeV
expected (2.3/fb) 13 MeV
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
20
GW
Tev error improves from 62 to 49 MeVElectroweak Physics at the Tevatron
GW predicted in Standard Model: GW
SM = 2091±2 MeV (PDG)
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 21
Dibosons
q
q’
W/Z/gW/Z
W/Z/g
Wg Zg WW tt WZ t ZZ H→ WW
22
Zg
photon ET (GeV)
even
ts
Zg
Z
g
non-SM
h 3, Z
Zg
|h3| < 0.037, |h4| < 0.0017 @95%CL (L=1.2TeV)
h3, Zgg
SM
non-SM
Z
g
Using (Z→ll)+gand (Z→ )nn +g
WZq
q’
W
Z/g
W
σ(pp → WZ) = (4.1 ± 0.7) pb
σ(pp → WZ) / σ(pp → Z) = (5.5 ± 0.9) x 10-4
23
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 24
WZ
arXiv:1006.0671
σ(pp → WZ) = (3.9 (stat+sys) ± 0.31 (lumi)) pb +1.01
–0.85
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 25
WZ
arXiv:1006.0671
€
−0.075 < λ Z < 0.093
−0.027 < Δκ Z < 0.080
for L=2TeV
26
ZZ seen in 4 lepton at 5.7σAll now observed!
ZZ4l
Wg Zg WW tt WZ t ZZ H→ WW
Z
Z
q
q’
σ(pp → ZZ ) = (1.7 +1.2
-0.7 (stat) ± 0.2 (syst)) pb
σ(pp → ZZ) / σ(pp → Z) = (2.3+1.5
-0.9 (stat) ± 0.3 (syst)) x 10-4
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 27
ZZllnn
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 28
WW/WZ lnjj
Similar final state to low-mass Higgs:
MuonsElectrons
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 29
WW/WZ lnjj
5.4
σ(WW+WZ ) = (18.1 ± 3.3(stat) ± 2.5(sys) )pb
5.2s significance
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 30
WW/WZ lnjjUse matrixelementtechniques
5.4
σ(WW+WZ ) = (16.5 +3.3
-3.0) pb
5.4s significance
31
Tevatron outlookEnd : Sep 2011(?)
Inte
grat
ed lu
min
osity
(pb–1
)
On tape: ~ 8.5 fb-1 per experimentResults shown today : 1-7 fb-1
now2002Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
32
Outlook
♦ Completing strong electroweak physics programme
♦ Focusing on high-statistics Tevatron legacy measurements and diboson physics underpinning symmetry-breaking searches
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
33
34
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 35
WW/WZ lnjj
differences q.g jets
36
W+
W–
Z/gW+
W–
W+
W–
W+
W–
Z/g
W+
W–
W+
W–
W+
W–
W+
W–
W+
W–
W+
W–
HH
required to cancel high-energy behaviour
WW scattering
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron 37
W/Z primitive objects
for non-collider physicists
38
H
g
gp
p
Electroweak Physics at the Tevatron
Higgs Physics at the Tevatron 39
PDFs
Tevatrony = 2 0 2
LHC
H
g
gp
p
spp→H = sgg→H fg/p(x1,Q=MH) fg/p(x2,Q=MH) + …
Higgs Physics at the Tevatron 40/54
Matrix element method Use LO matrix element (MCFM) to compute event probability
HWWlnlnWWlnlnZZllnnW+partonln+jetWgln+g
ET modellepton energy resn
px
py
pz
lep1
LO |M|2 :px
py
pz
lep2
Ex , Eyparton lepton fake rateg conversion rate
xobs:
(with true values y)
Compute likelihood ratio discriminator
R =Ps
Ps + SkbiPb
i
i
kb is relative fraction of expected background contrib.Ps computed for each mH
Fit templates (separately for high S/B and low S/B dilepton types)
Higgs Physics at the Tevatron 41/54
Neural network method
NNscore
0 1
var1
var2var n
Background Higgs
¨ Various versions. Current:¨ Apply preselection (eg ET to remove Drell-Yan)¨ Train on {all backgrounds / WW} against Higgs mH=110,120…160…200 { possibly separate ee,em, }mm
x10
¨ Pass signal/all backgrounds through net¨ Form templates
NN
0 1
Pass templates and data to fitter
ET
SET
mll
Elep1
Elep2
ETsigData
HWWWW
DYWgWZZZt t
fakes
ETjet1
DRleptons
Dfleptons
Df ET lep or jet
ETjet2
Njets
Most recent CDF“combined ME/NN” analysis also uses ME LRs as NN input variables
42
mtMatrix element-based top mass measurementLepton+jets with 4.8fb-1
NN for background discriminationLikelihood fit over variables sensitive to top massSimultaneous constraint of jet energy scale using W in lepton+jets
mt =172.8 ± 1.3total GeV(0.7stat 0.6JES 0.8sys)
More precise than CDF 2009!Expect 1GeV precision achievable
ET modellepton energy resn
px
py
pz
lep1
px
py
pz
jet1
Ex , Eyxobs:
(true values y)
etc.
Higgs Physics at the Tevatron
Higgs Physics at the Tevatron 43
Single top
Single top observed 2009.
u
W
l
g
b
b
bt
W
d
nu
W
l
b
b
t W
d
n
t-channels-channel
t-ch
anne
l cro
ss s
ectio
n [p
b]
s-channel cross section [pb]
Higgs Physics at the Tevatron 44
Limit settingbackgroundsuppression
signalseparation
Background
Higgs signal x 10
even
ts
XX = some observable
H1=SM+Higgs (of mass mH)H0=SM only
Construct test statistic Q = P(data|H1)/P(data|H0) –2lnQ = c2(data|H1) – c2(data|H0) , marginalized over nuisance params except s H
Find 95th percentile of resulting s H distribution – this is 95% CL upper limit.
When computed with collider data this is the “observed limit”
Repeat for pseudoexperiments drawn from expected distributions to build up expected outcomes
Median of expected outcomes is “expected limit”E
xpec
ted
outc
omes
95% CL Limit/SM
Median = expected limit
sH (pb)
95%
sH/sSM
95%
0 20 1 2
rescalePDF
45
Indirect constraintse+
e–
Z
H
Z b
bmH>114GeV mH<154GeV
estimated final precision
Higgs Physics at the Tevatron 46
Tevatron projectionEnd : Sep 2011?
On tape: ~ 6 fb-1 per experimentResults shown today : 3-5 fb-1
Inte
grat
ed lu
min
osity
(fb–1
)
Aidan Robson Glasgow University 47/22
W charge asymmetry
unknown neutrino pZ is a smaller effect
for higher ET electrons
measurement divided into two ET regions
for given he, ET regions probe different yW and therefore different x
experimental challenges:alignment; charge misidentification
measurement relies on calorimeter-seeded silicon tracking
PRD 71 052002
First Run 2 charge asymmetry measurement: similar approach to Run 1
|he|
|he|
Aidan Robson Glasgow University 48/22
W charge asym. – new methodInstead: probe the W rapidity directly
MW constraint two kinematic solutions for pz of .nAmbiguity can be resolved statistically from knowncentre-of-mass * distribution for V-A decay®weight solutions according to (cos*, y, pT
W )d s /dy is an input; iterate to remove dependence.
Uncertainties: Charge mis-ID rate Energy scale and mismeasurement Background/trigger/electron ID
Relies on Si-only tracking
cos* cos*
Aidan Robson Glasgow University 49/22
W charge asym. – new method
Under improvement using better forward tracking and higher stats
W width Generator: LO MC matched with Resbos (QCD ISR) and Berends/Kleiss (QED FSR)
Fast simulation for templates: electron conversions + showering muon energy loss parametric model of recoil energy (QCD, underlying event + brem)
Tracking scale/resn
Calorimeter scale/resn
mmm (GeV)
mee (GeV)
Backgrounds
mT (GeV) mT (GeV)
D =G 21 MeV, 31 MeV
D =G 17 MeV, 26 MeV
D =G 32 MeV D =G 33 MeV
D =G 54 MeV (ele), 49 MeV (mu)
c2/dof=27.1/22
c2/dof=18/22
GW = 2032 ± 73 (stat+sys) MeV
(GWSM = 2091 ± 2 MeV)
PRL 100 071801 (2008)
€
R =σ ( pp → W )
σ ( pp → Z)⋅
Γ(Z)
Γ(Z → ll )⋅
Γ(W → l ν )
Γ(W )
Compare to CDF indirect measurement:
NNLO calc From LEP
SM value
GW (indirect) = 2092 ± 42 MeVJ Phys G 34 2457
World most precisesingle measurement
W width