emek elektrikendustrisi a.s. ankara, turkey
TRANSCRIPT
EMEK ELEKTRIK ENDUSTRISI A.S.Ankara, TURKEY
INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS AND LABORATORY TESTING
2016
Orkun SevimChief Quality Engineer
MILESTONES
1969 Established to manufacture low and medium voltage oil filled instrument transformers.
Licence agreement with BALTEAU / Belgium HV ITsMV Epoxy type ITs
Production of the first 170kV CT forTurkish Electricity Authority (TEK).
1971
1973
1975 Establishment of research and test laboratory,
Capable of performing type and routine tests up to 525 KV (except short time current test of CT)
Meeting the requirements of internationally accepted standards
such as IEC, ANSI, BS, AS, IEEE etc.
LABORATORY
MILESTONES
Power frequency test set up to 750kVLightning impulse test set up to 3000kV , 112,5kJ.
MILESTONES
1975 Licence agreement with ICAR / Italy -HV CVTs-Coupling Capacitors-Grading Capacitors
1976 Production of the first 170kV CVT for The Turkish Electricity Authority (TEK).
1982 First export 145 kV current and voltage transformers to WAPDA, Pakistan
MILESTONES
1984 Production of the first 420kV CT & CVT for The Turkish Electricity Authority (TEK).
1985 Production of first 170kV Disconnecting Switch
MILESTONES
1994 EMEK was granted ISO 9001Quality Management System
EMEK’s shares (30%) were offered to the public through Istanbul Stock Exchange (EMKEL)
1998
MILESTONES
2006
2009 EMEK was granted GOST certificate applicable in Russia and former Soviet Union Countries
EMEK was granted ISO 14001Environment Management System
MILESTONES
2011 EMEK was granted IEC 17025Accreditation Laboratory by TÜRKAKTÜRKAK is a member of EA, ILAC
Accredidated to perform all type tests for:
- Current Transformers*
- Voltage Transformers
- Disconnecting Switches*
*Except short time current type test for DS & CT
MILESTONES
2012 EMEK established new brand , VAEST for polymeric and epoxy applications
VAEST products :
-Silicone Composite Insulators
-Load Break Switches Envelopes for MV panel manufacturers
-Load Break Switches for railway applications
-All kind of Epoxy Applications (supporting insulators etc.)
MILESTONES
2013 EMEK manufactured first 525kV CT’s and CVT’s for NEGK/Krygyzstan,Supplied through ALSTOM
2013 EMEK has been awarded with the certificate of OHSAS 18001:2007
Health and Safety Management System
MILESTONES
2014 EMEK has established USA Office.
MILESTONES
EMEK USA is located in S. Carolina
EMEK establised a new R&D Company,
in Middle East Technical University
Improvements in Instrument transformers,
Improvements in HV Disconnectors,
Silicon/composite products,
Smart Grid Systems
2014
MILESTONES
FACILITIES
Total land area is around 31,050 m2. This land is utilised as follows:
a) Total plant : 10,397m2
b) Production areas : 7,200m2
c) Interior and exterior warehouses : 1,492m2
d) Offices and social areas : 1,705m2
PRODUCT RANGE
Outdoor, Oil Filled Transformers
*Current Transformers ,
*Inductive Voltage Transformers and
*Capacitive Voltage Transformers
*HV Capacitors
Up to 525 KV
Polymer or porcelain (grey or brown) housing
Capacity: 7.500 units/year
Cast Epoxy Resin Current & Voltage Transformers
Indoor & Outdoor
up to 36 KV
Brown or Grey Color
Capacity: 25.000units/year
PRODUCT RANGE
PRODUCT RANGE
Disconnecting Switches
Centre-Break, Double rotating
Outdoor,
w or w/o ES
w or w/o motor
up to 245 KV
Capacity: 2.000 units/year
HUMAN RESOURCES
EMEK has highly-skilled workforce,
average working period of employees is 14 years.
No. Of Employees:
a) Management : 6
b) Engineering : 35
c) Administration : 7
d) Production : 163
Total : 211
EMEK products are supplied to 113 countries all around the world.
SALES LIST
END USER COUNTRIES
EUROPE
MV Dry
HV oil immersed and dry
HV oil immersed
Austria
Croatia
Denmark Estonia
France
Germany
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kosova
Luxemburg
Malta
Moldova
Northern Cyprus
Norway
Portugal RomaniaSpain
Sweden
Switzerland
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Turkmenistan
Greece
Russia
MV Dry
HV oil immersed and dry
HV oil immersed
Saudi Arabia
Jordan
IraqIran
Syria
Yemen
Oman
U.A.E
Lebanon
Israel
Palestine
Qatar
END USER COUNTRIES
MIDDLE EAST
MV Dry
HV oil immersed and dry
HV oil immersed
Philippines
Malaysia
ThailandPakistan
Indonesia
Vietnam
Combodia
Sri Lanka
Bangladesh
TaiwanNepal
Singapore
Korea
Japan
MyanmarHong Kong
India
Krygyzstan
Laos
Mongolia
Nepal
Tajikistan
END USER COUNTRIES
ASIA
MV Dry
HV oil immersed and dry
HV oil immersed
Australia
New Zealand
Fiji
END USER COUNTRIES
AUSTRALIA
Guam
MV Dry
HV oil immersed and dry
HV oil immersed
Angola
EgyptLibya
Uganda
NigeriaKenya
Tunisia
Ghana
Tanzania
Mozambique
Zambia
Zimbabwe
EthiopiaMali
Morocco
South Africa
END USER COUNTRIES
AFRICA
MV Dry
HV oil immersed and dry
HV oil immersed
Trinidad & Tobago
Brazil
Chile
Peru
Colombia
Barbados
Panama
Ecuador
Venezuela
END USER COUNTRIES
SOUTH AMERICA
Mexico
Cuba
MV Dry
HV oil immersed and dry
HV oil immersed
Dominican Republic
Canada
USA
END USER COUNTRIES
NORTH AMERICA & CARIBBEANS
MAIN CUSTOMERS
since 1988 , 12,383 units
since 1990 , 5,856 units
since 1990 , 2,581 units
Also , registered supplier for and
INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
What is an Instrument Transformer?
A circuit element that transforms and insulates
voltage or current from higher levels with a
high accuracy.
INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
Why do we need Instrument
Transformers?
• For metering purposes
• For protection purposes
INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
Traditional Types of Instrument Transformers
• Current Transformers
• Voltage Transformers
• Inductive Voltage Transformers
• Capacitive Voltage Transformers
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS
Inductive Capacitive
EMEK TEST LABORATORY
Which Equipments Do We Need To
Perform Tests on Instrument
Transformers?
- Temperature Loggers
- Impulse Generator
- High Voltage Generators
- Artificial Rain Equipments
- RIV Measurement Systems
- Accuracy Measurement Systems
(Bridge, Current/Voltage Sources,
Standard Transformers, Standard
Burdens)
EMEK TEST LABORATORY
Which Equipments Do We Need To
Perform Tests on Instrument
Transformers? (continued)
- PD Measurement Systems
- Capacitance and Dielectric Dissipation
Factor Measurement Systems (Bridges,
Standard Capacitors)
- Oscilloscopes
- Mechanical Testing Set-ups
- Voltmeters, Ampermeters, Ohmmeters
- Frequency converters
- Climatic Chambers
IEC 61869 Series Standards
IEC 61869-1 - Instrument transformers – Part 1: General Requirements
- Current version is Edition 1.0 2007-10
- First and main standard of relevant product family. All of the standards of this
family is prepared by TC 38 of IEC.
- Scope: newly manufactured instrument transformers with analogue or digital
output for use with electrical measuring instruments or electrical protective
devices having rated frequencies from 15 Hz to 100 Hz.
- IEC 60044 series standards are withdrawn and replaced with IEC 61869 series.
- Specific product standards shall be read together with this standard.
- Edition 2 is in progress. Forecast of publication date: 30.06.2018
IEC 61869 Series Standards
Family
IEC 61869 Series Standards
We will focus on the tests that are stated by below standards:
- IEC 61869-1 - Instrument transformers – Part 1: General Requirements
- IEC 61869-2 - Instrument transformers – Part 2: Additional requirements for
current transformers
- IEC 61869-3 - Instrument transformers – Part 3: Additional requirements for
inductive voltage transformers
- IEC 61869-5 - Instrument transformers – Part 5: Additional requirements for
capacitor voltage transformers
Classification Of Tests
Tests Are Classified In 4 Groups
1- Type Tests: Tests made on equipment to demonstrate that all equipment made
to the same specification complies with the requirements not covered by routine
tests.
2- Routine Tests: Tests to which each individual piece of equipment is subjected.
Routine tests are for the purpose of revealing manufacturing defects.
3- Special Tests: Tests other than a type test or a routine test, agreed on by
manufacturer and purchaser.
4- Sample Tests: A selected type or special test performed on one or more
complete instrument transformers out of a specified production batch.
Type Tests
Type Tests
1. Temperature-rise test
2. Impulse voltage test on primary terminals
2.1. Lightning impulse voltage test on primary terminals
2.2. Switching impulse voltage test
3. Wet test for outdoor type transformers
4. RIV test
5. Test for accuracy
6. Short-time current tests (Only for CTs)
7. Short-circuit withstand capability test (Only for IVTs and CVTs)
8. Capacitance and tanδ measurement at power freq. (Only for CVTs)
9. Ferro-resonance test (Only for CVTs)
10. Transient response test (Only for protective CVTs)
Type Tests
Temperature-rise test
� Performed to verify the temperature rise of windings, magnetic circuits and any
other part of the instrument transformer.
� Performed by applying rated continuous thermal voltage/current
� Test goes on until thermal stable condition of transformer
Type Tests
Impulse voltage test on primary
terminals - Lightning impulse voltage test
on primary terminals
� Performed to verify withstand capability of
the instrument transformers to lightning
impulses
� Performed by application of 15 (+) polarity,
15 (-) polarity lightning imp. for Um<300kV,
3 (+) polarity, 3 (-) polarity lightning imp.
for Um≥300kV at rated lightning impulse
withstand level (Waveform: 1,2/50µsec)
� No permanent damage should be seen for
both internal and external insulation
Type TestsImpulse voltage test on primary terminals - Lightning
impulse voltage test on primary terminals
Type Tests
Impulse voltage test on primary terminals - Switching impulse voltage
test
� Performed to verify withstand capabilites of instrument transformers to switching
impulses. Test is effective especially for outer insulation. Applicable only for
Um≥300kV
� Performed by application of 15 (+) polarity switching imp. at rated switching
impulse withstand level (Waveform: 250/2500µsec)
� No permanent damage shall be seen.
Type Tests
Impulse voltage test on primary terminals - Switching
impulse voltage test
Type Tests
Wet test for outdoor type transformers
� Performed to verify outer insulation under wet conditions
� Test performed under artificial rain which is defined by IEC 60060-1
� Performed by application of power frequency voltage for Um<300kV or
application of switching impulse for Um≥300kV
� No breakdown is permitted for power frequency voltage
Type Tests
RIV test
� Performed to measure Radio Interference Voltage created by instrument
transformer
� Test voltage is applied to the object and RIV measured with the help of a
detector in a calibrated circuit
� Measured RIV shall be in conformance with declared value
Type Tests
Test for accuracy
� Performed for verifying accuracy of instrument transformer
� Performed by applying voltage and current in various points of operation range
and measuring ratio error and phase displacement from transformed secondary
voltage/current.
� Instrument transformer’s errors shall be inside the limits of declared accuracy
class
Type Tests
Short-time current tests (Only for CTs)
� Performed to verify withstand capability to the rated short time current
� Performed by applying a virtual fault current which is equal to rated short time
current
� No damage shall be seen
Short-circuit withstand capability test (Only for IVTs and CVTs)
� Performed to verify withstand capability to the short circuit
� Performed by short circuiting the secondary for 1 second while the rated voltage
is applied
� No damage shall be seen
Capacitance and tanδ measurement at power freq. (Only for CVTs)
� Performed to measure capacitance and dissipation factor
� Performed to check the capacitance of the transformers before and after
dielectric type tests
� Measurement result shall be within the tolerances and no change shall be seen
after dielectric type tests
Type Tests
Ferro-resonance test (Only for CVTs)
� Performed to verify the prevention of ferro-resonance
� Performed by short circuiting the secondary for a limited time
� CVT shall stabilise its secondary voltage within the defined duration.
Type Tests
Primary Voltage
Secondary Voltage
Type Tests
Transient response test (Only for protective CVTs)
� Performed for verifying fidelity of secondary voltage to primary voltage under transient conditions
� Performed by abruptly short circuiting the primary voltage several times in different voltage levels
� CVT shall satisfy the limits of standard according to declared transient response class
Routine Tests
Routine Tests
1. Power-frequency voltage withstand tests on primary terminals
2. Partial discharge measurement
3. Power-frequency voltage withstand tests between sections
4. Power-frequency voltage withstand tests on secondary terminals
5. Test for accuracy
6. Verification of markings
7. Inter-turn overvoltage test (Only for CTs)
8. Ferro-resonance check (Only for CVTs)
Routine Tests
Power-frequency voltage
withstand tests on primary
terminals
� Performed to verify the insulation
between primary and
secondary/earth.
� Performed by applying rated power
frequency withstand voltage for 1
minute.
� No breakdown shall be seen.
Partial discharge measurement
� Performed to measure partial discharge (PD) of instrument transformer.
� Performed by measuring PD created by instrument transformer by the help
of a PD detector.
� Instrument transformer shall satisfy the limits of standard.
Routine Tests
Routine Tests
Power-frequency voltage withstand tests between sections
� Performed to verify insulation between sections.
� Performed by applying 3kV test voltage between sections for 1 minute.
� No breakdown shall be seen
Power-frequency voltage withstand tests on secondary terminals
� Performed to verify insulation between secondaries and earth.
� Performed by applying 3kV test voltage between secondaries and earth for 1
minute.
� No breakdown shall be seen
Routine Tests
Test for accuracy
� Same as the type tests, except test may be performed with a reduced
number of points
Verification of markings
� Performed for verifying the markings of the transformer. (including rating
plate)
Ferro-resonance check
� Same as the type tests, except test may be performed with a reduced
number of points
Routine Tests
Inter-turn overvoltage test (Only for CTs)
� Performed to verify the insulation between the turns of transformer.
� Performed by applying extended rated current from secondary or primary
while the other windings are open.
� No breakdown shall be seen.
Special Tests
Special Tests
1. Chopped impulse voltage withstand test on primary terminals
2. Multiple chopped impulse test on primary terminals (Only for CTs and IVTs)
3. Measurement of capacitance and dielectric dissipation factor (Only for CTs and
IVTs)
4. Transmitted overvoltage test
5. Mechanical tests
6. Internal arc fault test
Special Tests
Chopped impulse voltage withstand test on
primary terminals
� Performed for verifying the chopped impulse
withstand capability
� Performed by applying 2 chopped impulses at
115% of rated lightning impulse withstand
level (combined with LI test)
� No damage shall be seen
Special Tests
Chopped impulse voltage withstand test on
primary terminals
Special Tests
Multiple chopped impulse test on primary terminals (Only for CTs and
IVTs)
� Performed to verify withstand capability to multiple chopped impulses.
� Performed by 600 chopped impulses at the 70% of rated lightning impulse
withstand voltage
� Transformer shall pass DGA test, capacitance and dissipation factor measurement
and partial discharge measurement
Measurement of capacitance and dielectric dissipation factor (Only for
CTs and IVTs)
� Performed to measure the capacitance and dissipation factor
� Test is only informative at the moment
Special Tests
Transmitted overvoltage test
� Performed to measure transmitted overvoltage from primary to secondary.
� Performed by application of impulse voltage.
� Transmitted overvoltage shall not exceed 1,6kVpeak.
Mechanical tests
� Performed to verify the withstand capability of primary terminals to static
mechanical loads.
� Performed by application of mechanical loads in several directions.
� No damage shall be seen.
Special Tests
Internal arc fault test (Only for CTs and
IVTs)
� Performed for observing behaviour of
instrument transformer when internal arc
happens
� Performed by creating a virtual internal arc
between primary and secondary windings
� Transformer shall satisfy the conditions of
relevant protection class
Recommended Site Tests
1. Ratio Check
An insensitive ratio check may be performed at site. (Especially when taking into
service.) It is important to remember accuracy of the transformer is only guaranteed
at the points that are defined by standard.
2. Capacitance and Dissipation Factor Measurement
Capacitance and dissipation factor change during the life time of transformer shall
be under review. Periodical measurements are recommended. It is important to
remember ambient conditions are highly effective on this measurement. GST Guard
testing method is recommended for elimating these effects.
3. Insulation Resistance Measurement
Insulation resistance measurements may be performed on primary and secondary
windings. Important point is dust or humidity may affect the results. This shall be
taken into consideration.
THANK YOU
QUESTIONS?