emergency responder pipeline awareness program · • emergency officials have a role in assisting...

Emergency Responder

Pipeline Awareness Program

© OPAL 2018 Property of Oklahoma Pipeline Awareness Liaison, Inc.

www.okpipelineawareness.com

2018

Member Companies

2

Assiduous Energy, LLC Oklahoma Natural Gas

Baron Exploration Company ONEOK Partners L.P.

Blueknight Energy Partners L.P. ONEOK Field Services Company

CenterPoint Energy - OK ONEOK Gas Transportation

Plains Pipeline, LP

Centurion Pipeline L.P.

Chesapeake Energy CorporationRose Rock

CHS Inc.- Jayhawk Pipeline SandRidge Energy

Continuum Midstream, LLC SemGas

Enable Midstream Partners

Enable Gas Gathering, LLC

Enable Gas Transmission, LLC

Enable Mississippi Rover Transmission, LLC

Stephens Energy Group, LLC

Grove Municipal Service Authority Stephens Production Company

Kinder Morgan - Scissortail Energy Superior Pipeline Company

Kinder Morgan - Southern Dome TRP-OK Properties LLC

Kinder Morgan – Natural Gas Pipeline of America White Cliffs

Kinder Morgan – El Paso Natural Gas Pipeline Williams - OK

Nemaha Gas Gathering System, LLC

NEOKC Pipeline, LLC

Northern Natural Gas - OK

Our Goal

▪ Increase awareness of pipelines

▪ Increase damage prevention efforts

▪ Share key safety information

▪ Work together with our emergency response

community

▪ Enhance coordination through scenario based

exercises

3

Emergency Preparation

4

Law Enforcement – Fire/RescueEmergency Management - 911 Dispatchers

Flood Considerations

5

How would you respond?

Overview

6

Purpose & Reliability

• State & Federal Regulations

• Role and Function of Pipelines

• Pipeline Safety & Integrity

Damage Prevention

• One-Call Requirements

• Pipeline Right-of-Way & Encroachments

• Report Damage or Suspicious Activity

Incident Response

• Recognize a Leak

• Working Together – UC

• Responding to an Incident

• Emergency Response Exercise

Overview

7





Damage Prevention




Incident Response


• Working Together - UC



State and Federal Regulations

8

Role and Function of Pipelines

9

What are pipelines?

Where are they?

Why do we need them?

Transportation System

10

National Pipeline

Mapping System

11

NOTE: Transmission Pipelines ONLY

Step 1: Go to the website

Step 2: Choose

state and county

https://www.npms.phmsa.dot.gov/

▪ The Pipeline Information Management Mapping Application (PIMMA) is

an on-line mapping application available to government officials

Pipeline Safety and Integrity

12

Examples of Safety and Integrity Activities/Processes

• Cathodic protection• Internal cleaning and inspections• Pipeline control center• Pipeline marker signs• Ground/aerial patrol• High consequence areas • Periodic leak surveys• Operators of Transmission and Distribution

requirement:• Transmission Integrity Management Plan• Distribution Integrity Management Plan

Pipeline Marker Signs

13

DOES Provide DOES NOT Provide

Warning – Caution –

DangerExact Location

Operator Name Pipeline Depth

Product Transported Pipeline Diameter

Emergency Number Pipeline Pressure

Signs come in various styles:

FEDERAL VIOLATION TO INTENTIONALLY

DAMAGE OR REMOVE A Pipeline MARKER!

Your Pipeline Operator

is your Best Friend!

14

Pipeline Construction

15

• Pipelines are constructed

in “spreads”

• Pipeline construction

activities are

continuously inspected

by trained and qualified

inspectors

• Pipeline welds are x-

rayed to ensure quality

• The pipeline is inspected

and tested before it is

placed into service to

transport products


✓ Clearing & preparing the right-of-way

✓ Excavating the trench

✓ Stringing the pipe

✓ Welding pipe joints together and coating joints

✓ Inspecting pipe joints and coating

✓ Lowering the pipe into the trench and back-filling

✓ Grading and restoring the right-of-way

✓ Pipeline hydrostatic or internal device testing


16

Pipeline Integrity Overview

17

• Pipeline Safety Act of 2002

mandated landmark new

regulation called the Gas

Pipeline Integrity

Management Rule

• Liquids Pipeline Integrity

Management enacted in

2000

• Both regulations require

pipeline operators to identify

“High Consequence Areas”

along the pipelines and

further identify “covered

segments” • Once covered segments are identified the pipeline

operators must develop specific plans to assess

the condition of the pipeline in the segments

• Emergency officials have a role in assisting

pipeline operators in confirming the location of

“Identified Sites” along the pipeline

Pipeline Integrity

Management-Key Terms

18

• High Consequence Areas (HCAs) for gas or

Unusually Sensitive Areas (USAs) for liquids - an

engineering process is used to model the

impacts to the local area of a pipeline release.

Areas with certain population density or those

containing identified sites would be deemed

HCAs or USAs

• Identified Site – areas of congregation or limited

mobility along the pipeline segment

• Assessments – testing techniques used to

determine the condition of a pipeline segment

Schools DayCares Hospitals Prisons

Highly populated or “other” populated areas

Impaired mobility (hard to evacuate)

Ecological resources, wetlands….

Internal Inspections

19

Internal inspection toolInternal cleaning tools

Smart Pig

20

Pipeline Control Center

22

Operates 24 hours a day / 7 days a week

Monitors pressure, flow and volume

Uses SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)

Some may have remote shut off capability (DO NOT shut off valves – wait for a pipeline representative)

Covered Topics

23





Damage Prevention




Incident Response


• Working Together



One-Call Requirements

24

Routine Excavation Steps:

•Dial 811 (48hours in advance of project)

•Wait the required time

•Respect the marks

•Dig with care

Emergency Excavation Steps:

•Wildfire (fire break, access road)

•Tornado (recovery, clean up)

•Flooding (recovery, clean up)

Wild Fire & Fire Breaks

• OKIE811 processes emergency notices during incidents of danger to underground facilities.

• Fire departments are expected to contact OKIE811 to report wildfires.

25

Right-of-Way

26

▪ Protects the pipeline from excavation damage

▪ Provides prompt access in the event of an

emergency

New construction in a right-of-way

Mature right-of-way

Encroachments

27

▪ Structures that could impede the operation of a

pipeline or cause damage

Reporting Damage

or Suspicious Activity

28

Possible surveillance or test

of security

Interactions w/personnel looking

to reveal internal information

Monitoring people/facilities from a stationary

position

Actual or attempted sabotage,

vandalism, or tampering

August 2011

Okemah pipe bomb

Reporting Damage


29

Reporting Damage


30

Recent Headlines

31

Covered Topics

32





Damage Prevention




Incident Response


• Working Together - UC



Leak Recognition:

Sight – Sound – Smell

33

Leak Recognition:


34

• Quiet hissing to a loud roar

Leak Recognition:


35

• Odorless, may contain a hydrocarbon smell

• Can be injected with Mercaptan in certain areasGas Gathering /

Transmission

• Odorized with Mercaptan (or other similar chemicals)

• Odorant may smell like a skunkGas Distribution

•Can be odorless

•Odorants may be added to many HVLs to assist in detection of a leak

Highly Volatile Liquids

• OdorlessCarbon Dioxide

• Pungent and unpleasant odor similar to the smell of rotting garbage.

Landfill Gas

•Sweet Crude – Sweet petroleum smell.

•Sour Crude – Contains Hydrogen Sulfide, a poisonous gas. May smell like rotten eggs but can quickly deaden the sense of smell and appear odorless.

Crude Oil

Unusual smell, petroleum or gaseous odor

Atmospheric Monitoring

36

Atmospheric monitoring during a product leak or spill is an important

tactical step to ensure public safety! Pipeline operations personnel have

the equipment and training to assist you with this activity.

An Example…

The flammable range of natural gas is 5-15% . These numbers can vary

slightly due to characteristics of the product.

Less than 5 % 5 to 15% Greater than 15%

The only way to accurately assess for accumulation of flammable

products is through the use of monitoring equipment, namely a

Combustible Gas Indicator or CGI.

Blocked Sewer Lines:

Cross Boring

37

Boring can cause

new unforeseen

dangers

Working Together - UC

38

Contact Pipeline

Operator as soon

as possible

Pipeline Control

Center will

dispatch

personnel and

equipment to the

scene

Pipeline Control

Center may have

remote valve shut

down capability

Establish Unified Command

Unified Command

39

Unified Command System

Fire Agency Law Agency Pipeline Operator

Operations Section Chief

✓ Enables all agencies with

responsibility to manage an

incident together by

establishing a common set

of incident objectives and

strategies.

✓ Allows Incident Commanders

to make joint decisions by

establishing a single

command structure.

✓ Maintains unity of command.

Each employee reports to

only one supervisor.

Working Together - UC

40

Pipeline Operator

911 PSAP

Fire Service EMS

Law Enforcement

Emergency Management

Notification is made to the PSAP

43

Source: NENA Pipeline Emergency Operations – Standard 56-507

www.nena.org

Critical Knowledge Points

Awareness of pipelines affecting the 9-1-1 Service

Area

Pipeline leak recognition and initial response

actions

Additional notifications to

pipeline operators

Product knowledge (hazards)

Call 1-800-800-2481

This is a 24/7 number

44

Disaster Response

45

• Disasters will occur that require resources and

response beyond the capability of local

responders

• Under the National Incident Management System

(NIMS), public and private sector entities can

work together to respond to a disaster event

• Major disaster events can affect infrastructure

including pipelines

• When the State Emergency Operations Center is

activated, pipelines are represented within

Emergency Support Function (ESF) 12

• Under NIMS resources are requested from the

local area, to the state, and if needed, by the

state to the federal government

• Reestablishment of service and outside force

damage prevention are major priorities for

pipelines during disaster response

OK State Emergency Operations Center

Incident Response

46

Respond Safely

Assess The Situation

Protect People &

Environment

Work Together

If Your First In …

48

• Establish Command - ICS• Notify the Pipeline Operator• Relate as much information as

possible• Allow only trained pipeline

personnel to close valves• If you don’t know – Don’t go!

Respond Safely

49

DO DON’T

Conduct a scene size-

up and Approach

Upwind

DO NOT drive into

vapor clouds or liquids

Monitor wind

direction

DO NOT extinguish

primary fires

Turn off all engines

(and other ignition

sources)

DO NOT operate

valves


50Source: Pipeline Emergencies Second Edition – Hildebrand And Noll

Size of Release Available Resources

How much hasbeen spilled

YOUR department training

Where is it goingEquipment and supplies available (water supply,

booms, foam, etc.)

Area impactedLeak and spill control

resources

Protect People and Environment

51

Establish perimeter

Set up barricades

Stop all traffic from entering

*Ensure Pipeline Operator Access

Evacuate

Shelter in-placeClear roadway for emergency vehicles

Establish evacuation shelter

(if needed)

Inform the public

(radio, television or reverse-911)

Developing an IAP

52

Key Considerations

When Developing an Incident Action Plan

• Type of Pipeline

• Product(s) Involved

• Nature of the Incident

• Safety Considerations

• Exposures

• Environmental

Conditions

• Possible Escalation of

the Incident

Source: Pipeline Emergencies Second Edition – Hildebrand And Noll

Type of Pipeline


Gathering Transmission Distribution

Are you familiar with the purpose of each

system?

Are you aware of average pipe diameters and

pressures in your area?

Pressure Relieving Devices

54

• A functioning pressure relief device is

an operational upset-not an

emergency!

• NEVER attempt to shut off the valve

at a venting relief device!

• Isolate the area and deny entry

except to trained pipeline operations

personnel

• Ensure that the operator of the

pipeline has been notified to

respond

Natural gas pipeline pressure relief valve

Liquids pipeline pressure relief device

Above Ground Facility

Incident Response Tactics

55

• Ensure that the pipeline operator’s

system control center has been

notified

• Verify personnel accountability

with pipeline operator personnel

• Conduct size-up and identify

hazards in consultation with

pipeline operator personnel

• Activate the facility’s Emergency

Shut Down (ESD) device only if

directed by pipeline operations

personnel

Natural gas compressor station

Liquids pipeline above ground facility

Products Involved


What products are being transported

Physical properties

*Special hazards

NEW Section in the 2016 ERG

Pipeline Transportation (pages

14-19)

The 2012 ERG includes a new

section on BLEVE safety precautions

on page 366

57

Product Characteristics

ERG # PRODUCT DESCRIPTION HEALTH & FIRE HAZARDS RESPONSE

ERG 115 Natural GasLeak Type: Gas

Vapor: Lighter than air, very flammable. A white vapor cloud may be visible near the site of the leak.

Health Hazards: Extremely high concentrations may cause irritation or asphyxiation. Possible presence of H2S, a toxic

gas. Fire Hazards: Extremely flammable and easily ignited by heat,

sparks or flames

Secure the area Let the primary fire burn Eliminate secondary fires

ERG 115

Highly Volatile Liquids (HVLs) -Natural Gas Liquids, Liquid

Petroleum Gas (LPGs), Ethane, Propane, Butane, etc.

Leak Type: Liquid/Gas Vapor: Heavier than air, very flammable. A white vapor

cloud may be visible near the site of the leak.

Health Hazards: Respiratory tract irritant; may cause central nervous system effects.

Fire Hazards: Extremely flammable liquid or vapor; vapors may accumulate in low lying areas and travel considerable

distance to ignition source.

Evacuate the area Set up barricades

Eliminate ignition source

ERG 120 Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Leak Type: Gas Vapor: Heavier than air. If there is a leak in a C02

pipeline, the product will become very cold when contact with the outside atmosphere is made. The area around

the leak my look frozen or covered in frost. In wet areas, bubbling water or muddy looking area may indicate a

leak.

Health Hazards: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Contact with C02 may cause burns, severe

injury and/or frostbite. Fire Hazards: Nonflammable gas. Containers of C02 may

explode when heated and ruptured cylinders may rocket.

Evacuate the area Set up barricades

ERG 125 Anhydrous AmmoniaLeak Type: Vapor

Vapor: Heavier then air

Health Hazards: Fatal if inhaled ingested or absorbed through the skin. Contact causes burns, severe injury, and/or frostbite. Fire Hazards: May burn, but will not ignite readily. May react

violently with water.

Do not extinguish with water - may react violently!

ERG 128Crude Oil & Refined Products:

Gasoline, Diesel, Jet Fuel, Heating Oil, etc.

Leak Type: Liquid Vapor: Heavier than air. Can be flammable. Dark brown

spots on the ground, dead vegetation or an oily sheen on top of the ground or floating on the surface of a body of water may indicate the presence of a leak in a crude oil

pipeline system.

Health Hazards: Irritation of the eyes and skin may occur with exposure. Vapors may cause central nervous system effects.

Possible presence of H2S, a toxic gas. Fire Hazards: Crude oil is an extremely flammable liquid or vapor that is heavier than air. may accumulate in low areas, and may travel considerable distances to an ignition source.

Do not extinguish with water Isolate the area

Eliminate secondary fires

Other Hazards

ERG 117Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S, Sour Gas,

Poison Gas)

A colorless gas at atmospheric temperatures and pressure can be found in natural gas and petroleum crude oil. Flammable, toxic and heavier than air. Will settle, particularly in low lying areas. H2S causes a foul odor in small concentrations but paralyzes the sense of smell in higher concentrations. If H2S is

present, leave the area immediately. H2S can be fatal in higher concentrations.

ERG 115 Landfill Gas

Gases are formed in landfills when buried waste decomposes (breakdown by bacteria) or volatize (change from liquid or solid to a vapor). Methane is the main chemical in landfill gas and is highly flammable. If a spark is present and enough methane is mixed into the air, a fire may occur. breathing methane, however, is only hazardous if it is present at levels high enough to decrease the amount of oxygen in the air. the adverse health effects are due to a lack of oxygen, not by breathing the methane gas itself. in a building, methane would be a fire hazard at levels much lower than those that could cause breathing

problems.

See current ERG for expanded response information

Batching – Liquid Products

58Source: Association of Oil Pipe and Pipeline101.com

• Liquid pipelines can transport multiple products

Nature of Incident

59Source: Association of Oil Pipe and Pipeline101.com

Flammable liquid OR gas leak

With or without fire

Toxic vapor cloud release

Trench rescue (confined space)

Safety, Exposures,

Environmental Conditions

62Source: Pipeline Emergencies Second Edition – Hildebrand and Noll

Safety of emergency responders

Safety of others – isolation distances, specials needs, etc.

Exposures in proximity to the incident

Environmental conditions

Recap

63

Respond Safely


Protect People &

Environment

Work Together

• Do you know….

How do we Manage These?

64

WE MANAGE IT TOGETHER!

65

2018 Property of OPAL, Inc.

Thank you!

For more information about OPAL and our

pipeline members go to:

okpipelineawareness.com

Closing

66

emergency responder pipeline awareness program · • emergency officials have a role in assisting...

Documents