emf measurement and predictive report - enviro d · 2012. 11. 14. · mtc001 emf report commercial...

MTC001 EMF Report COMMERCIAL IN CONFIDENCE

Sat-Com (Pty) Ltd Original Company Registration Number: 91/415 Sat-Com House, No 2-6 Jakaranda Street,

Suiderhof, Windhoek, Namibia P.O. Box 22951, Windhoek Tel +264 (0)61 374 700

Fax +264 (0)61 251 615

http://www.sat.com.na/

Electromagnetic Field Measurements and

Predictive Report

Date: 05 September 2012

Project Code: MTC001 – EMF Measurements Revision: 1.0

APPROVAL

AUTHORITY NAME SIGNATURE DATE

Sat-Com Reinhold Rothkegel 05 September 2012

Enviro Dynamics Eloise Carstens 11 September 2012

Non-Disclosure Protection Statement The information contained within this document is confidential in all respects and it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the information as provided shall only be used for study and evaluation purposes. It is further agreed that the information furnished will not be used for any other purpose than stated above and that the information will not, either directly or indirectly, by agent, employee, or representative, be disclosed either in whole or in part, to any other third party; provided however that the information

provided may be disclosed only to those directors, officers, employees, and advisors who need such information for the purpose of evaluation, it being understood that those directors, officers, employees and advisors shall be informed of the confidential nature of the information and shall be directed to treat the information confidentially

Created: 05 September 2012 Proprietary and Confidential

Page 2 of 24

Contents REPORT DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY 6

GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 6

Section A: EMF Measurement Report 1. INTRODUCTION 7 2. MEASURED RESULTS 7

3. PHOTOS OF SELECTED MEASUREMENT POSITIONS: 13

4. SUMMARY OF RESULTS AND CONCLUSION 15 5. INDEPENDENT ASSESSOR 15

6. MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT AND METHODOLOGY 15

Section B: EMF Predictive Report 1. INTRODUCTION 16 2. BASE-STATION DETAILS 17

3. CALCULATED RESULTS 19 4. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND 23

5. REFERENCES 24


Page 3 of 24

List of Figures

Section A: EMF Measurement Report Figure A 1 : Overview Map of sites where measurements were performed ........................................... 8

Figure A 2 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Mission Road ........................ 9 Figure A 3 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Gloudina Road ...................... 9

Figure A 4 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Kwame Road Mini Base

Station Site ............................................................................................................... 10 Figure A 5 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Hebenstreit Base Station

Site .......................................................................................................................... 10 Figure A 6 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Reuning Base Station Site ..... 11

Figure A 7 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around Gevers Street Mobile Base Station Site ..... 11

Section B: EMF Predictive Report Figure B 1 : Overview of installation ............................................................................................... 17 Figure B 2 : Overview of Site Locations .......................................................................................... 18

Figure B 3 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at Mission Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure) ............... 20

Figure B 4 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the

Gloudina Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure) ............. 20 Figure B 5 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the

Kwame Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure) ............... 21 Figure B 6 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the

Hebenstreit site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure) ........................ 21

Figure B 7 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the Reuning site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure) ............................. 22

Figure B 8 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above the level of expected maximum exposure of a multiple storey building near the Gloudina Road Mini site (including the position of

expected highest RF exposure) ................................................................................... 22


Page 4 of 24

List of Tables

Section A: EMF Measurement Report Table A 1 : RF Exposure Levels at Measurement Positions ................................................................. 12

Section B: EMF Predictive Report Table B 1 : Antenna parameters used for the numerical prediction ..................................................... 18 Table B 2 : Predicted maximum exposure summary at 1.5m above ground level .................................. 19


Page 5 of 24

5 September 2012

Enviro Dynamics

16 Seder Street Suiderhof

Windhoek Namibia

To Whom It May Concern:

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT OF THE PROPOSED MTC POLE BASE STATION SITES

(MISSION ROAD MINI, GLOUDINA ROAD MINI, KWAME ROAD MINI, HEBENSTREIT, REUNING) IN THE LUDWIGSDORF AND SURROUNDING AREAS

Sat-Com PTY LTD and EMSS Consulting (EMSS) has expertise in the field of human exposure assessment to radio-frequency (RF) fields. For more than a decade we have focused our efforts in this area on the

assessment of human exposure to cellular technologies.

With the current available scientific knowledge, international regulating bodies have set guidelines for safe exposure to electromagnetic fields. The most widely accepted of these are the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (or ICNIRP) guidelines.

A number of independent international expert groups have also reviewed this scientific literature. All

concluded that the balance of evidence indicates that exposure below the ICNIRP guidelines would not cause any negative health effects.

Exposure predictions around the proposed installations were performed, using numerical simulations based on the site information supplied by MTC.

The results obtained show that:

1) The maximum expected RF exposure anywhere at 1.5m above ground level around all the

proposed sites is at least 2300 times below the general public guidelines of limiting exposure

proposed by ICNIRP.

2) The maximum expected RF exposure at 1.5m above the level of expected maximum exposure of a multiple storey building near the Gloudina Road Mini base station is at least 450 times below the

ICNIRP general public guidelines.

3) According to the numerical EMF exposure assessment performed by Sat-Com and EMSS, the site is

classified as Provisionally Compliant and will be Compliant with the ICNIRP Guidelines if the equipment is installed as specified in the planned documentation.

Should the base station be constructed and switched on, Sat-Com and EMSS could verify that the installation is performed as in the information received from MTC before certifying the site in terms of the

ICNIRP guidelines. Yours sincerely,

______________________ Reinhold Rothkegel Pr Eng.

Sat-Com (PTY) LTD


Page 6 of 24

Report Document Revision History

Revision No Revision Date Reason for Amendment

1 5 September 2012 Initial Report

Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations

Term

EMF Electromagnetic Fields

EMSS EMSS Consulting (PTY) Ltd.

Exclusion Zone

Area around an antenna or antennas where the RF field values emanating from the antennas exceed the ICNIRP public guidelines (public exclusion zone) or the ICNIRP occupational

guidelines (occupational exclusion zone)

ICNIRP International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection

RF Radio-Frequency

Sat-Com Sat-Com (PTY) Ltd


Page 7 of 24

Section A: EMF Measurement Report

1. Introduction

During a measurement survey commissioned by Enviro Dynamics, measurements were performed at and

around the locations of five planned and one mobile base station sites of MTC in the Ludwigsdorf area,

Windhoek. The aim of the survey was to measure the electromagnetic exposure levels at various positions

around these sites.

Measured results are compared to the guidelines of limiting exposure proposed by the International

Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).

The measurement protocol used is the IEC 62232 (May 2011) standard for determination of RF field

strength and SAR in the vicinity of radio communication base stations for the purpose of evaluating human

exposure.

2. Measured Results Figure 1 to Figure 7 and Table 1 presents the measurement positions and exposure levels in terms of a

percentage of the ICNIRP guidelines, where a 100% value would indicate that the safe exposure limit for

the General Public has been reached. The cellular contribution to the total exposure is given in the last

column of the table.

Since the aim of the survey was to measure the typical exposure values, the reported results are un-

extrapolated peak field instantaneous exposure results, at the specific date and time of the measurement

survey.

Measurements were performed around the position of the following six base station sites (five of which are

planned base station sites and the remaining one an operational mobile base station):

• Mission Road Mini, planned site to be located next to the south eastern boundary wall of 1 Herbst

Street, on Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue.

• Gloudina Road Mini, planned site to be located alongside the Gloudina Pumpstation, at the corner

of Babs and Joseph Mukwayu Ithana Streets.

• Kwame Road Mini, planned site to be located next to the northern boundary wall of 70 Dr. Kwame

Nkrumah Avenue.

• Hebenstreit, planned site to be located on the corner of Hebenstreit and Wilemien Streets.


Page 8 of 24

• Reuning, planned site to be located along the northern boundary fence of the Lutheran Church on

Reuning Street.

• Gevers Street Mobile, operational mobile site currently located at the Maria municipal substation

next to Belvedere Guest House on Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue.

Figure A 1 : Overview Map of sites where measurements were performed


Page 9 of 24

Figure A 2 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Mission Road

Mini Base Station Site

Figure A 3 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Gloudina Road

Mini Base Station Site


Page 10 of 24

Figure A 4 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Kwame Road Mini Base

Station Site

Figure A 5 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Hebenstreit Base Station

Site


Page 11 of 24

Figure A 6 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Reuning Base Station Site

Figure A 7 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around Gevers Street Mobile Base Station Site


Page 12 of 24

Table A 1 : RF Exposure Levels at Measurement Positions

Measured On

No. Location Total Exposure

Cellular Exposure

4/08/2012

11:37

1 At the proposed position of the Mission Road

Mini site.

0.0025% 0.0002%

14/08/2012

11:48

2 On the road in front of 52 Quenta Street. 0.0141% 0.0047%

14/08/201 11:52

3 On the driveway of 24 Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue.

0.0177% 0.0090%

14/08/2012

12:09

4 In front of 2 Herbst Street at the end of the cul-de-

sac.

0.0036% 0.0010%

14/08/2012

12:33

5 At the proposed position of the Gloudina Road

Mini site.

0.0027% 0.0004%

14/08/2012 12:40

6 In front of 1A Babs street. 0.0016% 0.0003%

14/08/2012

12:49

7 On the driveway of the house on the corner of Olga

and Portia streets, opposite 19 Portia Street.

0.0119% 0.0028%

14/08/2012

12:54

8 On the driveway of 39 Joseph Mukwayu Ithana

Street.

0.0072% 0.0008%

14/08/2012 14:32

9 At the proposed position of the Kwame Road Mini site.

0.0042% 0.0008%

14/08/2012

14:38

10 On the corner of Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue

and Jeanette Street.

0.0030% 0.0016%

14/08/2012

14:43

11 In front of 73 Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue. 0.0049% 0.0029%

14/08/2012 14:48

12 Opposite the proposed position of the Kwame Road Mini site.

0.0061% 0.0013%

14/08/2012

14:53

13 At the gate of 68 Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue. 0.0019% 0.0004%

14/08/2012

15:15

14 At the proposed position of the Hebenstreit

site.

0.0091% 0.0047%

14/08/2012 15:20

15 In front of 45 Hebenstreit Street, close to the small gate.

0.0094% 0.0059%

14/08/2012

15:26

16 In front of 38 Hebenstreit Street 0.0106% 0.0036%

14/08/2012

15:32

17 In the courtyard of the Square Park Shopping

Centre, in front of the entrance to Hugo

Scheepers Architects.

0.0082% 0.0037%

15/08/2012

9:11

18 At the proposed position of the Reuning site. 0.0020% 0.0005%

15/08/2012 9:20

19 Against the northeastern corner of the Lutheran Church building.

0.0055% 0.0019%

15/08/2012

9:26

20 In front of the gate of 11 Reuning Street. 0.0111% 0.0023%

15/08/2012

9:33

21 On the driveway of 20 Reuning Street.

0.0103% 0.0040%

15/08/2012 11:00

22 At the base of the Gevers Street Mobile site. 0.1483% 0.1407%

15/08/2012

11:07

23 Next to the entrance gate to 89 Dr. Kwame

Nkrumah Avenue Street.

0.0318% 0.0240%

5/08/2012 11:16

24 Close to the Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue entrance of the Belvedere Guesthouse.

0.0698%

0.0622%

5/08/2012 11:36

25 On the disabled parking, in front of the steps leading to the East Side Baptist Church entrance.

0.0044%

0.0030%


Page 13 of 24

3. Photos of selected measurement positions:


Page 14 of 24


Page 15 of 24

4. Summary of Results and Conclusion Various positions around the Ludwigsdorf area, Windhoek, were surveyed and measurements were

recorded at positions of maximum exposure in areas around the planned and mobile cellular base stations.

For the measured results presented in this report a 100% value would indicate that the ICNIRP exposure

limit for the General Public has been reached. The highest value measured is 0.1483% of the ICNIRP

General Public guidelines and was obtained at position 22. This is more than 650 times below the General

Population limit.

5. Independent Assessor EMSS Consulting (EMSS) has expertise in the field of human exposure assessment to radio-frequency

fields. Work performed includes site surveys, numerical predictions (computer simulations) and the

interpretation and establishment of guidelines for limiting exposure. For more than a decade EMSS has

focused its efforts in this area on the assessment of human exposure to cellphone technologies. These

include measurements and numerical predictions of exposure to cellphones and base station antennas.

EMSS publishes its research results in international peer-reviewed literature and has written numerous

technical reports on base station site surveys performed on request from cellular operators and/or

members of the public.

6. Measurement Equipment and Methodology The survey meter and probes must be calibrated on a regular basis. The calibration status is presented in

the following table.

Survey

Meter:

Narda SRM 3006 Selective Radiation

Meter, S/N: D-0058

Calibration

Status:

Calibration valid until:

17 September 2012

Probe: Narda BN 3501/03 Three-Axis E-Field

Probe, S/N: K-0238

Calibration

Status:

Calibration valid until:

25 August 2012

A full uncertainty analysis for the measurement methodology used by Sat-Com and EMSS, as required by

the IEC 62232 standard, has been performed and is available on request. Detailed information on the

equipment specifications and the uncertainty assessment can be obtained on request.

For more information, contact Sat-Com PTY Ltd at: Tel: (061) 374-700 (Reinhold Rothkegel)

Email: [email protected]


Page 16 of 24

Section B: EMF Predictive Report

1. Introduction

In this section, numerical EMF exposure predictions are presented for the proposed MTC base-station sites

in and around the Ludwigsdorf area. The aim of the numerical simulations is to establish if the proposed

base-stations, if erected and switched on, would result in EMF exposure values such that International

guidelines for limiting exposure to EMF are adhere to. Results are presented in terms of the International

Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines [1], [2].

The numerical technique employed for the predications are based on the CENELEC EN 50383 (2008) [3]

and IEC 62232 (2011) [4] international standards for human exposure assessment in the vicinity of base

stations antennas.

Exposure predictions in a 500m x 500m area around each of the proposed MTC installations were

performed, using numerical simulations based on the site information supplied by MTC.

The results obtained show that:

1. The maximum expected RF exposure anywhere at 1.5m above ground level around all the proposed sites

is at least 2300 times below the general public guidelines of limiting exposure proposed by ICNIRP.

2. The maximum expected RF exposure at 1.5m above the level of expected maximum exposure of a

multiple storey building near the Gloudina Road Mini base station is at least 450 times below the ICNIRP

general public guidelines.

Although RF exposure levels below the international guidelines are predicted for all areas accessible to the

general public around these sites, the following recommendation is made:

1. As an extra precaution, on-site field measurements could be performed if each base-station is erected

and switched on. The purpose of this would be to verify, through compliance measurements, the

exposure levels predicted in this report.


Page 17 of 24

2. Base-Station Details

These planned sites each consists of one camouflaged equipment container and a cellular antenna mounted

at 9m on a pole, situated throughout the area of Ludwigsdorf, Windhoek.

The height to the bottom of the antenna is 9m for each of the planned sites.

Figure 1 shows an overview of the typical site model. Figure 2 shows on overview of the site locations.

Figure B 1 : Overview of installation


Page 18 of 24

Figure B 2 : Overview of Site Locations

The antenna parameters used for the numerical prediction are listed in Table 1 below.

Table B 1 : Antenna parameters used for the numerical prediction

Site

Number

Site Name Owner Antenna Type Frequency

Band

Electrical

Tilt (°)

Power

Watt)

1 Mission Road Mini MTC Kathrein 741790 UMTS2100 0 20

2 Gloudina Road Mini MTC Kathrein 741790 UMTS2100 0 20

3 Kwame Road Mini MTC Kathrein 741790 UMTS2100 0 20

4 Hebenstreit MTC Kathrein 741790 UMTS2100 0 20

5 Reuning MTC Kathrein 741790 UMTS2100 0 20


Page 19 of 24

3. Calculated Results

The RF exposure levels were calculated 1.5m above the ground level of the area

surrounding each of the proposed base stations, as well as at 1.5m above the level of

expected maximum exposure of a multiple storey building near the proposed Gloudina

Road Mini base station.

Figure 3 to Figure 7 shows the RF exposure levels, for each of the proposed base-

stations as a percentage of the ICNIRP general public guidelines at 1.5m above ground

level over 500m x 500m areas near each base station. The positions of the expected

highest RF exposure are indicated in each figure. Table 2 summarizes the predicted

exposure for each proposed base-station as a percentage of the ICNIRP general public

guidelines and as a multiple below these guidelines.

Table B 2 : Predicted maximum exposure summary at 1.5m above ground level

Site Name Percentage (%) of ICNIRP

General Public guidelines

Times below ICNIRP

General Public guidelines

Mission Road Mini 0.03474 2878

Gloudina Road Mini 0.04241 2357

Kwame Road Mini 0.03380 2958

Hebenstreit 0.03492 2863

Reuning 0.03329 3003

Figure 8 shows the RF exposure levels, for each of the proposed base-stations as a

percentage of the ICNIRP general public guidelines at 1.5m above the level of expected

maximum exposure of a multiple storey building near the proposed Gloudina Road Mini

base station. The position of the expected highest RF exposure is indicated in the figure.

In this area, the predicted exposure is at least 450 times below the ICNIRP general public

guidelines, or 0.2112% of these guidelines.

The natural contour of the areas simulated was approximated with best effort. The hills in

the area were approximated as uniform slopes to account for the rise in terrain.


Page 20 of 24

Figure B 3 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at

Mission Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)


Gloudina Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)


Page 21 of 24


Kwame Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)


Hebenstreit site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)


Page 22 of 24


Reuning site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)

Figure B 8 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above the level of expected maximum exposure of a

multiple storey building near the Gloudina Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)


Page 23 of 24

4. Technical Background

The site parameters used for the numerical predictions in this report are based on

documentation supplied by MTC. Free-space propagation (radiation from the antennas

into free-space, with no buildings, houses or any other structures included in the model)

is also assumed. In reality, the RF exposure levels would drop considerably inside the

building and houses (see reference [5]). More complicated models could be developed to

quantify this drop in RF exposure levels. This would increase the accuracy of the

predictions, but is beyond the scope of this document. The predictions assuming free-

space propagation are conservative and should be sufficient for the investigation at hand.

It can be concluded with confidence that, unless the installation of the antennas at the

site is changed, the results in this document represent the expected “worst case”

exposure conditions predicted at the site.


Page 24 of 24

5. References

[1] “Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-Varying Electric, Magnetic, and

Electromagnetic Fields (up to 300GHz),” ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-

Ionizing Radiation Protection), April 1998.

[2] ICNIRP Statement on the “Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-Varying Electric,

Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields (up to 300GHz),” Health Physics, Volume 97,

Number 3, September 2009.

[3] “Basic standard for the calculation and measurement of human exposure to

electromagnetic fields from radio base stations and fixed terminal stations for

wireless telecommunication systems (110 MHz – 40 GHz),” CENELEC EN 50383,

March 2008.

[4] “Determination of RF field strength and SAR in the vicinity of radiocommunication

base stations for the purpose of evaluating human exposure,” IEC 62232, Edition

1.0, May 2011

[5] “On the Propagation of RF into a Building Constructed of Cinder Block Over the

Frequency Range 200 MHz to 3 GHz,” C.D. Taylor, S.J. Gutierrez, S.L. Langdon, and

K.L. Murphy. IEEE Trans. On Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 41, No. 1, February

1999.

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