enabling dynamic, rapid, and effective end-to-end bandwidth from metro edge to waters edge
DESCRIPTION
Presented at 2011 Spring Internet2 Meeting, Arlington, VA, Apr. 18, 2011TRANSCRIPT
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Enabling Dynamic, Rapid & Cost Effective End to End bandwidth from Metro Edge to Waters Edge
Chris Liou, VP Network StrategyInfinera
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What I want you to take away today
2 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Bandwidth elasticity is paramount to deliver services cost effectively wherever and whenever needed
Network flexibility must adapt in real-time to changing requirements, while optimizing efficiencies & minimizing cost
Automation is mandatory to ensure a long term sustainable & scalable OpEx model
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Transformative Network Influences
3 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Cloud computing & Virtualization• Data Center transformation
• XaaS adoption
Content & Video
Mobile Internet
Ethernet convergence
Content Provider networks
Network simplification: convergence & consolidation
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Bandwidth is changing the way networks are built
Subsea
• Scalable capacity• Optimal $/bit• Future-proof for NG-
services• Integrated back-haul
Regional/LH Core
• Maximize fiber capacity• Optimizing optical reach• Any service - Any where• Bandwidth management• Automation/Ease of use
Metro Access/Core
• Minimizing cost/service• Broad service capabilities• Bandwidth management
and service aggregation• Service Flexibility
From Access to Subsea, BW demand requires architectural re-validation!
Long-HaulRegionalMetro Core SubmarineMetroAccess
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5 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Emerging Subsea/Terrestrial Networking Requirements
SLTE
SubmarineTransport
New Services
TerrestrialBack-Haul
Service(eg: 10GbE LAN Phy)
Maximum spectral efficiency
Trans oceanic reach
Simple Dispersion Compensation
Software tunable modulation
Consolidated back-haul + SLTE
Integrated switching
Terrestrial optimized capacityand reach
10GbE LAN and WAN PHY (today)
OC-768 and STM-256 (today)
OTU1 and OTU2
100GbE and beyond (future)
SLTE
More Capacity, New Services, Faster, and at Lower Cost
New Services &End-to-end circuit mgmt
SLTE Simplification
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Robust Demand for Subsea Bandwidth
6 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Most significant growth areas: Africa, Latin America, Middle East (>80% CAGR)
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Cloud Computing Bandwidth Dynamics
7 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Virtualization & Cloud are driving distributed computing• Large-scale pooling & virtualization requires VM mobility, data set migration, etc.
Cloud network infrastructure is migrating towards mega-data centers• Driving higher bandwidth to & between cloud Data Centers
Cloud computing elasticity drives more dynamic bandwidth• Enterprise to Data Center, Data Center to Data Center
Evolving network dynamics & growth raises many concerns• Scale
• Performance (latency, jitter), QoS
• Security
• Affordability
Is the conventional approach scalable?
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Essential Cloud Characteristics (NIST)
8
On-demand self-service
Broad network access
Resource pooling• Location independence
Rapid elasticity• Agility = dynamic allocation of IT capabilities
• Responsive = bring resources to bear when needed (and vice versa)
Measured service
Dynamic resource allocation optimizes IT usage to fit fluctuating business cycles.
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Bandwidth Agility & Elasticity are Essential
Virtualization creates unpredictable demands on core network• Leverage IT resources wherever & whenever available
• Today: within data center• Tomorrow: across the network
Elasticity creates challenges for underlying network• Cost-effective scaling (capex & opex)• Networking efficiency (idle bandwidth = wasted bandwidth)• Rapid delivery of low-latency bandwidth, when and where needed• Resiliency for protection against failures
Bandwidth agility & elasticity are best addressed through dynamic bandwidth management in transport layer
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Requirements for Optimizing Global Connectivity
10 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Bandwidth elasticity• Instant, flexible service connectivity, anywhere to anywhere
• 1G to 100GbE
• Readily available optical capacity for on-demand bandwidth
Network flexibility & efficiency • Any service, anywhere, on-demand• Minimal stranded capital
Network simplification & cost optimization• Vertical (multi-layer) convergence & optimization• Horizontal (end-to-end) optimization
Automation for enabling dynamic bandwidth allocation
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Bandwidth Elasticity through Virtualization
11© 2011 Infinera Corporation.
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What is Virtualization?
Example: Server Virtualization
Generic PCs Digital logic Software
Cluster computer
Many applications can share the same pool of resources seamlessly,
enabling more efficient resource utilization.
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Bandwidth Virtualization:
Shareable Cloud Bandwidth
DWDM WavesDigital logic(Digital Switching) Software
Services see: Pool of reliable, reusable, “colorless” bandwidth
Digital Optical Network
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Bandwidth Virtualization:
Decoupling Services and Transmission
200G available 165G available
150G available80G available
Bandwidth Virtualization
40GbE
100GbE
110G available40G available
100G available 65G available
100Gb/10Gb/
Optical Wavelength Agnostic Services Layer
Bandwidth VirtualizationLayer
OpticalCloud SwitchingLayer
•Any service speed over any optical infrastructure •Enables rapid digital service delivery & on-demand reconfigurability
Digital switchingDWDM Waves Software
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Dynamic Pool of Bandwidth
Benefits of Bandwidth Virtualization
Without Bandwidth Virtualization, Capacity becomes “stranded”
With Bandwidth Virtualization
• Muxponder inefficiency strands sub-λ bandwidth
• Bandwidth management allows full capacity to be used for services
Used capacity
Constrained capacity
Flexible capacity
Bandwidth Management Enhances Network Efficiency & Responsiveness
Service demand
• Wavelength Blocking strands wavelengths on spans
Colorless BW
Service demand
• Wavelength conversion at every node
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Implications of Bandwidth Virtualization
Optical layer can be designed & optimized for best economics• Design each network link for optimal reach + capacity
• Eliminate over-engineering
Bandwidth Virtualization abstraction optimizes utilization of network assets• Pooled wavelength capacity as a shared resource can be utilized by any
service
• Investment protection for deployed infrastructure• 100GbE, 400GbE, 1TbE service readiness
Manage circuits & services, not wavelengths• Per-circuit provisioning, redirection, protection/QoS
• Dynamically allocated bandwidth for services faciliates bandwidth on demand
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Network Flexibility & Efficiency through Digital Optical Networks
17© 2011 Infinera Corporation.
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Nodal bandwidth management can generally be achieved through:• Optical re-direction (1 or more wavelengths)
• Digital switching (converts optical bandwidth into digital domain before switching)
Key Issue: what size circuits am I delivering?
Network Flexibility Approaches
18 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
• 2 degree PLC• Multi-degree WSS• CDC ROADM (Colorless,
Directionless, Contentionless)
• Digital ROADM• OXC• Digital/optical hybrid
All-optical approaches Digital Approaches
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Conventional DWDM ROADM Architecture
19 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
New services are added optically
Wavelength capacity is constrained between 2 endpoints
Trans-mission
Fiber
Dispersion
comp.
(R)OADMN-stage
Filter or WSS
10G
40G
100G
Amp
Transponders or
Muxponders
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4-Degree ROADM
Traditional ROADMs create complexity
West East North South
. . . 1 2 39 40
. . . 1 2 39 40
. . . 1 2 39 40
. . . 1 2 39 40
Requires: • Splitter/WSS for every degree• Physical cabling between cards• Physical changes to change
channels• Expensive to create true
flexibility of• Colorless • Directionless &• Contentionless (if available)
The complexity of Optical ROADM’s require optical paths from every point that needs optical flexibility,
requiring, in some cases, over 100+ fiber connections
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Traditional ROADMs also lack flexibility
21 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Node Constraints
• Transponders tied to a specific direction and color
• Cannot support 25 GHz
• Prevents dynamic reconfigurability or restoration
O-E-O
O-E-O
O-E-O
O-E-O
O-E-O
O-E-O
O-E-O
O-E-O
Operational Issues
• Path computation tied to optical validation - not scalable
• Long protection / restoration paths not guaranteed
• Trouble shooting toolkit is limited ?
Wavelength Blocking
• Service provisioning needs same unused wavelength in all links
• 20-25% capacity stranding in medium sized networks (12-15 nodes)
Muxponder Inefficiency
• Stranded BW for sub- services (unless all services have same A-Z path)
• Problem gets worse for 40G line rate with mixed 1G/2.5G/10G services
All-optical ROADM is an automated patch panel - not a dynamically reconfigurable system
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Muxponder Inefficiency:
Static Muxponders = Stranded Capital
22 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Location C
10x10GbE 100G
Location A
Location B
2x10GbE
2x10GbE
1x10GbE
1x10GbE
Netw
ork
Span
Constrained Capacity
Remaining capacity locked into pre-determined A-Z endpoints
100G
10
0G
ROADMNetwork
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Digital ROADMs offer flexibility & economies
23 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Use (analog) photonics for what it does best: transmission
Use (digital) electronics for everything else – more functionality / lower cost
Digital Electronics& Software
Sub- add/dropSub- Grooming & switching Multi-Service MultiplexingProtectionSignal regenerationError correctionPerformance monitoring
Integrated
Ph
oto
nics
Integrated
Ph
oto
nics
optical (analog) electrical (digital) optical (analog)
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Digital Optical Networking integrates ROADM
24 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
ROADM functionality built-in
Further enhanced with sub-grooming & switching
Automated configuration up to 8 degree’s
Integrated Colorless, Directionless & Contentionless
Eliminates multiple points of failure associated with cables & manual process
The simplicity of Digital ROADM’s enable the switching of optical paths form any point in the network, without fiber connections or expensive components.
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Digital ROADM’s do not preclude optical express
Digital ROADM
OCG (multi-λ) Optical Express
Local add/dropAny service 155M - 100G
Digital Bandwidth Management
• Optical Express for cost-effective trunks
• Flexible Digital ROADM
Optical Express transmits groups of λs
Digital ROADM drops any service as needed
Provides ultimate flexibility and simplicity
Eliminates complexity of traditional ROADM
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Lowering Cost & Complexity with Digital ROADM’s
26 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
93% fiber connections reduction
Eliminates costly WSS & AWG line modules
40-60% CAPEX reduction per ROADM node
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Nationwide Network Modeling Summary
27 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10Dep
loye
d C
apac
ity
(%)
Rev
enu
e G
ener
atin
g (%
)100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
100GMuxponder
50%
40GMuxponder
66%
DigitalROADM
92%
• Large N. Am. Network Model: 33,084 route km, 47 core WDM links• About 10 Tb/s of customer service demands (network traffic volume)
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Digital Optical Networks improve ROADMs
28 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Digital ROADM’s offer maximum flexibility• Colorless – any wave to any color• Directionless – any wave to any degree• Contentionless – any wave re-use without contention
Digital ROADM enable management at the circuit level for maximum flexibility & efficiency• Pre-deploy affordable bandwidth blocks & relegate dynamic
reconfigurability to digital domain at the circuit level
To achieve optimum flexibility & efficiency, Digital Optical Networks are a proven best practice
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Network Simplification & Cost Optimization
29© 2011 Infinera Corporation.
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The Network Must Optimize Total Network Costs
• Scale net usable bandwidth• Maximize network ability to deliver BW services (ie, switching)• Minimize $/Gb (w/ switching)
• Increase Automation for scalability
• Optimize Space, Power• Minimize MTTR
ReduceOPEX
• Migrate packet transport to optical layer
• Converge DWDM & Packet/Circuit transport
OptimizeL0-L3 Cost
Scalable Optical
Infrastructure
Optimize TCO
Minimal End-to-end Cost
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Optical Networking Evolution
WDM + OTN Convergence
Integration of: Scalable capacity (WDM) Bandwidth Management (OTN) Automation/Intelligence (GMPLS)
Converge WDM + switching• Integrated L0 – L1
Transport cost savings Digital “ease-of-use” Unconstrained bandwidth Bandwidth efficiency
DWDM
OTN
Packet
Integrated
WDM +
OTN +
GMPLS
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Optical Networking Evolution
P-OTN Convergence
Integration of: Scalable capacity (WDM) Bandwidth Management (OTN) Automation/Intelligence (GMPLS) Packet Switching
Converge Packet + transport • Integrated L0 – L2.5
Total Network cost savings Further expand service simplicity
& network efficiency
Integrated
WDM +
OTN +
GMPLS
Packet
Integrated
Packet +
WDM +
OTN +
GMPLS
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Digitally Switched WDM
Back-to-back Transponder Elimination
muxponder trib
End-to-end CapEx Streamlining Opportunities
33 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Residual stranded bandwidth from constrained point-to-point delivery schemes must be considered
Integrated WDM + Switching creates E2E circuit cost reduction opportunities
Metro Core Subsea
$$$Conventional
ROADM
muxponderManual Back-to-back
MuxpndrManual Back-to-back
Muxpndr
$$$Conventional
ROADM
Swit
ch
muxponder
Swit
ch
xpnder
Eco
no
mic
Via
bili
ty
$$$
$
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Automation for Enabling Dynamic Bandwidth
34© 2011 Infinera Corporation.
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Controlling the network can no longer be a manual process
Auomationvia Intelligent Network Control Plane is essential
1. Automated network discovery
• Facilitates plug-and-play transport networking
• Reduces inconsistencies between network & OSS
2. Automated service delivery & bandwidth management
• Dynamic end-to-end circuit routing & provisioning
3. Dynamically (re)configurable transport capacity for CapEx & OpEx reduction opportunities
4. Integrated protection & restoration
Automation is not OPTIONAL, rather essential for OpEx & CapEx cost reductions
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36 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
GMPLS Enables Scalable Network Automation
Topology Auto-Discovery
Restoration
Auto-Provisioning
Network automation Advanced services
• Network & resource discovery
• Dynamic service provisioning
• Automated Bandwidth accounting
• 50ms protection & GMPLS Restoration
• Dynamic bandwidth services (UNI based)
• Optical VPNs
Connection request• BW = 1Gb/s• Dest = Z
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Dynamic Circuit Provisioning creates point-n-click process
GMPLS RSVP-TE enables robust dynamic circuit creation & deletion
• Automates allocation of capacity & assignment of crossconnects along circuit route
• Crossconnects correlated via circuit identifier
Robust signaling protocol employed for automated provisioning of Sub-network Connection (SNC)
• Handles failure modes & crank-back situations
• Circuit path information stored & retrievable at endpoint
• Native client signal PM monitored at SNC endpoints
LocalEndpoint
RemoteEndpoint
RESV RESV
PATH PATH
1. Compute best route
2. Initiate signaling request
3. Notify OS
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GMPLS benefits
38 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
• Flexibly reconfigurable link capacity enables multiple circuits to time-share bandwidth
• Example: spot bandwidth for large data moves
Dynamic reallocation of digital capacity
• Scales with network growth, mitigates human errors
• Reduces Time to Revenue
• Improves service up-time with dynamic restoration
OpEx optimization through automation
• GMPLS UNI & open APIs for capacity delivery in realtime
• Adaptive to unexpected traffic changes or demands
High capacity bandwidth-on-demand
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Summary
What I want you to take away today
39 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Bandwidth elasticity is paramount to deliver services cost effectively wherever and whenever needed• Service-ready bandwidth is essential
Network flexibility must adapt in real-time to changing requirements, while optimizing efficiencies & minimizing cost
Automation is mandatory to ensure a long term sustainable & scalable OpEx model