Energy and GHG Reduction in BC Housing ProjectsCraig Edwards – Director, Energy and Sustainability

BCBEC Luncheon

October 30, 2008

Housing Matters

What is BC Housing’s Green Plan?

Green Plan Priorities:

1. Build all New Social Housing to a LEED Gold Standard and to be Low in Greenhouse Gas Emissions

2. Reduce Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

3. Reduce Resource Consumption and Waste

4. Create and Support a livegreen Culture Among Employees

5. Increase Environmental Awareness and Action Among Stakeholders and Tenants

BC Housing New Construction Sustainability Strategy

Housing Matters

•LEED Gold Certification

•Minimum six LEED points for Optimised

Energy Performance (47% below MNECB)

•Maximum of 10% end use energy from fossil

fuels

•Minimum EnerGuide 80 for small buildings

14 City of Vancouver Sites

14 City of Vancouver Sites – Design Charettes

Design Process

1. Load reduction

2. Efficient systems

3. Renewables

ASHRAE Minimum Requirements

Based on ASHRAE 90.1-1999 (LEED Canada NC v1.0) Minimum requirements:

U-Value – Imperial (Btu/hrft2F)

U-Value – Metric (W/m2K)

0.58(SHGC=0.49)

3.29(SHGC=0.49)

Glazing

18.73.3Roof

13.12.3Walls

R-Value – Imperial (Btu/hrft2F)

R-Value – Metric (W/m2K)

Heating Load Comparison

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

kWh/

m2

W-W Ratio Walls Roof Glazing All (W-W=40%)

Annual Heating Load per Floor Area (kWh/m2)

ASHRAEASHRAE + 50%ASHRAE + 100%

Passivhaus(kWh/m2<15)

Common Practice UK(kWh/m2=55)

50%

40%

30%

64%52%3%11%29%% Savings

CombinedWindow U Value

Roof InsulationWall InsulationWindow to Wall Ratio

Measure

70% Window to Wall Area

40% Window to Wall Area - Sliding Patio Door

40% Window to Wall Area - Window

25% Window to Wall Area

Passive solar heating

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

kWh/

m2

Annual Heating Load per Floor Area

Passive Design - 70% wtw Southern Façade

Base (40% w tw - ASHRAE x2)

south 70% w tw

south 70 w / thermal mass

south 70 w / thermal mass (x3)

south 70 w / triple glazing

w est 70% w tw

-27%+4%-3%-6%-16%% Savings

Increase West WtW

ratio

Plus Triple Pane

+ More Thermal

Mass

+ Thermal Mass

Increase South

WtW ratio

Measure

Heating Load Comparison

64%52%3%11%29%% Savings

CombinedWindow U Value

Roof InsulationWall InsulationWindow to Wall Ratio

Measure

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

kWh/

m2

W-W Ratio Walls Roof Glazing All (W-W=40%)

Annual Heating Load per Floor Area (kWh/m2)

ASHRAEASHRAE + 50%ASHRAE + 100%

Passivhaus(kWh/m2<15)

Common Practice UK(kWh/m2=55)

50%

40%

30%

14 City of Vancouver Sites - Efficient Systems & Renewables

2 x ASHRAE Envelope

+

Heat Recovery Ventilation

+

Mechanical System Options

+

Solar DHW & PV

92919240360% GHG Reduction

56050550% Fossil Fuel

766320# LEED Points

53504835310% Below MNECB

Heat Pump w HE Gas Boiler

Heat Pump w HE Gas Boiler

Heat Pump w

ElecBoiler

Gas Boiler (Cond)

Gas Boiler (HE)Reference

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

GH

G E

mis

sion

s (T

onne

s/Yr

)

Reference

Gas Boiler - HE

Gas Boiler - Condensing

Heat Pump w Electric Boiler

Heat Pump with High Eff Boiler

HP + HE Boiler + Solar DHW +PV

14 City Sites - Typical Results

•40% Window to Wall Ratio

•R18 Effective Walls

•U = .35 to .55 Windows

•70% Eff. Heat Recovery Ventilation

•Air Source or Ground Source Heat Pumps for space heat & DHW

•Gas boiler backup

•Solar DHW some sites

New Buildings - LEED Certified

34% less than MNECB

2.5% incremental cost

13 year payback on energy features

Woodlands (Victoria Heights)

New Buildings - LEED Gold CertifiedKsan House – Terrace – Emergency Shelter and Transitional Housing

•66% energy savings

•85% GHG reduction

•55% water use reduction

NET ZERO – SOUTHEAST FALSE CREEK ATHLETES VILLAGE

AFFORDABLE HOUSING NET ZERO

AFFORDABLE HOUSING NET ZERO

MARKET HOUSINGMARKET HOUSINGAFFORDABLE HOUSINGAFFORDABLE HOUSING

SALT BUILDINGSALT BUILDING

50,000 SQ FT

60 UNITS

50,000 SQ FT

60 UNITS

MODEST MARKET HOUSINGMODEST MARKET HOUSING

GROCERY STOREGROCERY STORE

NET ZERO BUILDINGNET ZERO BUILDINGCapillary

Heating

Power Tab

Solar DHW

Waste Heat

Solar DHW

Public Housing Energy Retrofit Pilot Project

• 32 buildings in five lower mainland BC sites

• Energy use - $1.0 M/yr

• Energy savings - $160 K/yr

• Retrofit cost - $1.3M

• Payback – 8 years

Non Profit Housing Energy Retrofit Pilot

• 17 buildings in 8 sites in Vancouver, Victoria, and Dawson Creek

• Energy Use $300 K/Year

• Energy savings - $50 K/yr

• Retrofit cost - $400 K

• Payback – 8 years

Energy Retrofit PilotPre Retrofit Building Energy Performance Index (BEPI)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Chimo 1

Chimo 2

Grandvie

w Terrac

eHall T

ower

ll

MacLe

an Park

Seven M

aples

Woodcro

ft

Amberle

aBon

aven

ture

Champla

in Heig

htsClove

rhurst

CUC Lodge

Bethel

Pende

ra

Annu

al E

nerg

y (k

Whr

/m2)

Gas BEPI (kWh/m2)Electricity BEPI (kWh/m2)

Energy Retrofit PilotPre & Post Retrofit Building Energy Performance Index (BEPI)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Chimo

Grand

view Terr

ace

Hall Tow

er ll

MacLea

n Par

k

Seven

Map

lesWoodc

roft

Amberlea

Bonav

entu

re

Champlai

n Heig

htsClove

rhur

stCUC Lodg

eBeth

elPen

deraRed

woods

BEP

I (ek

Wh/

m2)

Pre Retrofit BEPI (kWh/m2)Post Retrofit BEPI (kWh/m2)

CMHC Expected Range

Energy Retrofit Pilot% Energy Reduction By Project

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

Chimo 1

Chimo 2

Grand

view Terr

ace

Hall Tow

er ll

MacLea

n Par

kSev

en M

aples

Woodcro

ft

Amberlea

Bonav

entu

re

Champlai

n Heig

htsClove

rhur

stCUC Lodg

eBeth

elPen

deraRed

woods

% A

nnua

l Ene

rgy

Savi

ngs

Hall Tower 2

23%24%Condensing Boiler + DHW Combo

47%%48%11%Total0.3%9%Tenant Lighting Retrofit

0.1%2%Common Area Lighting Retrofit

2%2%Low Flow Fixtures Replacement

5%5%DDC Controls

16%17%Window Replacement

%%%%Measure

GHG Savings

Water Savings

Gas Savings

Electricity Savings

$ 176,607 $$ 79,431 $ 37,175 Total

$ 21,243--$ 21,243Tenant

$ 155,363 $ 60,000$ 79,431 $15,932 Common

TotalWater Gas Elect

BEPI Pre Retrofit (kWhr/m2) 276BEPI Post Retrofit (kWhr/m2) 165

Champlain Place

76%26%74%-8%Total0.1%2%Common Area Lighting Retrofit

0.7%20%Tenant Lighting Retrofit

1.5%2%DDC Controls

4%4%DHW Heater Replacement -Townhouses

4%4%Exterior wall insulation - add 4"

5%26%5%Low Flow Fixtures Replacement

8%8%Condensing Boiler + DHW Combo

12%12%Window Replacement

39%42%-29%Heat Pumps - Townhouses

%%%%Measure

GHG Savings

Water Savings

Gas Savings

Electricity Savings

100 Units, 2 apartments + 9 TH Blocks

$ 140,625 $ 24,737 $ 77,302 $ 38,586 Total

$ 32,916 --$ 32,916 Tenant

$ 107,709 $ 24,737 $ 77,302 $ 5,670 Common

TotalWater Gas Elect

BEPI Pre Retrofit (kWhr/m2) 233BEPI Post Retrofit (kWhr/m2) 108

Retrofit Project Energy & Water Retrofit Measures - Easy

10) Water Meter Installation

9) Toilet Replacement

8) Showerheads

7) Lighting Controls

6) Exterior Lighting

5) Incandescent Lighting Retrofits - Common Area and Suites

4) Fluorescent Lighting Retrofits - Common Areas and Suites

3) Air Sealing

2) Ceiling insulation in accessible attics

1) High Efficiency Windows

CAM Project Energy & Water Retrofit Measures- Specialty Expertise and Analysis Required

6) Solar Hot Water Systems

5) Pumps and Motors

4) Heating and Domestic Hot Water (DHW) Controls

3) Heat pumps

2) High efficiency heating and DHW boiler replacement

1) Exterior Insulation & Triple Pane Windows

Energy Retrofit Program – Next StagesEnergy and Water Audits

• 50% of all public housing sites

Energy and Water Retrofits – Directly Managed

• Target 50% reduction in GHG emissions

Energy and Water Retrofits – Non Profits

Energy and Water Retrofits – Group Homes