energy conservation and generation through biodegradable ... · biogas plant which utilizes...

International Conference on Emanations in Mordern Engineering Science & Management (ICEMESM-2018)

ISSN: 2395-1303 http://www.ijetjournal.org

Energy Conservation and Generation through Biodegradable

Solid Waste- A Compact Bio-Gas Plant

Chandani P. Manohare1, Abhishek Kumar Dheeraj

2, M. D. Faiz Sheikh

3, Nitish Kumar

4

1(Civil Department, Smt. RadhikataiPandav Collage Of Engineering, Nagpur)




INTRODUCTION

In the present date, India is an extensive

buyer of Fossil fuel, for example, coal, raw

petroleum and so forth.the quick increment being

used of Renewable Energies, for example,

petroleum product, oil, flammable gas has made

issues of interest and supply, as a result of which,

the fate of Non-sustainable power sources is

getting to be dubious. As there is shortage of oil

and coal it important to search for wellsprings of

vitality i.e. sustainable power source assets like

sun based vitality, hydro vitality and atomic

vitality sources. Biogas is additionally

sustainable power source assets yet it is

unmistakable from other sustainable power

sources in view of its qualities of utilizing,

controlling and gathering natural waste in the

meantime delivering results like manure and

water for utilization of agrarian water system. For

the most part because of space required and its

unhygienic appearance, individuals in urban

regions stays away from its utilization. Minimal

Biogas Plant which utilizes squander instead of

cow compost or fertilizer as encourage stock to

supply biogas for cooking. The plant is

adequately reduced to be utilized by urban family

units. As the most widely recognized practice is

to discard the waste aimlessly in the roads or in

open dumps, this prompts contamination of

ground and surface water and adds to the

reproducing of creepy crawlies and rat vector and

the spread of infections. When managing the

natural portion of city strong waste, anaerobic

processing is progressively as a contrasting

option to fertilizing the soil. Biomethanation at a

decentralize level is a perfect choice as it limits

transport costs and gives sustainable power

RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

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Keywords —Biogas s, solid waste



source in natural compost. In India, distinctive

biogas plants treating different kinds of natural

strong waste have been actualized lately.

Literature Review

1. B. Velmurugan and R. Alwar Ramanujam

Ramanujam Vegetable wastes (Banana stem,

Cabbage and Ladies finger) were a vivaciously

handled in an empowered bunch look into office

scale reactor at mesophilic conditions (35oc). The

Organic Loading Rate (OLR) was kept up at 2.25

g/l.d with a Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 30

days.

The normal methane content in the biogas was

65% and the Methane yield was 0.387 l CH4/g VS

included for the chose sorts of squanders. The goal

of this paper was to think about the execution of the

chose vegetable squanders in a solitary stage

sustained cluster anaerobic reactor for biogas

creation.

2. Patil V.S. and Deshmukh H.V

World's vegetable creation is unequivocally

amassed in Asia.India is next just to China in zone

and generation of vegetables on the planet.

Vegetable waste is created in gigantic amounts

amid the reaping, poor and lacking transportation,

storerooms, showcasing practices and preparing of

vegetables. These fill in as wellspring of irritation.

The present techniques used to arrange the

vegetable squanders are wrong and cause

ecological contamination.

Biomethanation is an appealing alternative for

vegetable waste treatment. Biomethanation is the

anaerobic processing of natural Matter under

controlled states of temperature, dampness and pH

in an encased space to create produces vitality and

supplement rich profluent.

The reason for this audit paper is to center onto

Biomethanation thinks about around vegetable

waste as for yield of biogas and contamination

decrease considers.

3. Dr. S. P. Singh

He performed research center scale test

examination with respect to biogas age from

blossom squander. Research center scale digesters

of 1.5 liter limit with temperature kept up at 30oC

were utilized with 35 days maintenance time.Bloom

squander for the most part comprised of blend of

Marigold, Dhatura, Ankra, Rose and leaves of bel.

Trials were conveyed without pre-treatment and

with pre-medications like drying, processing and

compound pre-treatment with NaOH. It is

presumed that blossom waste can be a decent

substrate for biogas generation due its ideal carbon:

nitrogen proportion.

Physical pre-treatment (drying + pounding) and

substance treatment of blooms is fundamental for

higher gas creation. Measurement of 6 gm NaOH

per 100 gm of dried and ground bloom squander is

ideal for biogas age. New blooms ought not be

utilized for absorption.

.Dr. Usha Bajpai & Puja Singh [3], performed

experimental research on mixture of flower waste,

which mainly consists of Marigold, Rose and

Sunflower. Bloom squander contains acidic

substance; to make it appropriate for biogas

creation, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was added to

it. The substance of the biogas created were

estimated by utilizing gas chromatography. It is

suggested that bloom waste can be utilized as a

wellspring of biogas. The yield methane rate is

more in summer season (50-54%) and less in winter

season (43-half).

4. KorlaSwapnavahiniet

He did research center scale experimentation

with 2.5 liter limit digesters. It was discovered that

the leaves of ocimumsanctum (Tulsi) can be

utilized as a wellspring of bio gas. The pH for the

most part runs between 2.15 to 7.14 (acidic) and

nearness of more cellulose material prompts less

biogas age potential.

Crisp and untreated leaf squander isn't

reasonable for absorption and gas age. There is

requirement for additionally considers with

physical and concoction treatment of tulsi leaf



squander, in order to decide conditions for good gas

generation and waste.

5. GizemAlkanok

Experimentally considered biogas age

capability of market squander materials.Natural

product, vegetable and blossom squander (FVFW),

dairy item squanders (DPW), meat squander (MW)

and sugar squander (SW) were anaerobically

processed for bio methane creation. At the point

when the squanders were processed alone with no

co substrate expansion, most astounding methane

yield of 0.40 L CH4/gm of VS was watched.

Higher methane yields can be acquired by

legitimatemix of Carbon: Nitrogen proportion and

other working parameters.

Aim and Objective

To examine and use the biogas for age of

power and contrasting option to cooking gas

fuel.

1: What is compact Biogas plant?

It is the propelled type of regular biogas plant. It

is unmistakable from traditional biogas plant as

its lessened in estimate, it don't created sharp

smell and steers fertilizer is requires just once in

an existence of plant and utilize Solid

biodegradable waste as a feedstock regular as

opposed to cows compost. It is a vault formed

conservative biogas plant which is feast upon

any starch material i.e. kitchen waste, stale food,

pending skin of biodegradable solid waste.

2: Materials used.

• Digester tank 1000lit.

• Gas holder tank 750lit.

• Plumbing material.

• Cow dung for first 45 days.

• After 45 days domestic waste.

3: Construction of plant

1) It consists of two plastic water tank of

having digester as well as gas holder tank.

2) The digester tank is of 1000lit. Capacity

and gas holder tank is of 750lit capacity.

3) Plumbing material like PVC pipe, gas cock.

4) The inlet pipe is connected from the inlet

section to the digester from where the

feedstock is fed to the digester.

5) An outlet is pipe is also attached to the

digester from where the effluent is

discharged in the form of slurry.

6) The upper portion is a generally a floating

dome type where methane gas is collected

and through is supplied to kitchen through

gas outlet.

7) There is a provision at the bottom of the

digester tank for cleaning purpose. The

outlet ball valve is provided.

4: Steps of the construction.

Step: - 1

• Assembling of plant with above material.

• The gas holder tank is inversely immersed in

the digester tank.

• The PVC plumbing components are

assembled in the plant as shown in figure.

International Conference on Emanations in Mordern Engineering Science & Management (ICEMESM

ISSN: 2395-1303

f

fig.1 constuction

In the digester tank, initially we

feed 250kg of cow dung and same quantity of

water, to make slurry

step:-2

Removal of air from the plant by opening the

tap at the top of gas holder tank.

This condition of plant is

maintain

ed for 45

days to

obtain

desired

results.

International Conference on Emanations in Mordern Engineering Science & Management (ICEMESM

1303 http://www.ijetjournal.org

digester tank, initially we

feed 250kg of cow dung and same quantity of

Removal of air from the plant by opening the

This condition of plant is

Step:-3

Mechanization process is occurs in the plant

during the tenure of 45 days but the desired

result is obtained dafter 45 days.

5: Working-

The kitchen waste of 1-1.5kg with 10

water is feed from the inlet pipe in the pipe.

The slurry is decomposed in the digester tank by

anaerobic bacteria.

We are using starchy material it takes place due

to decomposition into peptides alc

and simpler sugars.


fig.2

constr

uction

Mechanization process is occurs in the plant

during the tenure of 45 days but the desired

after 45 days.

1.5kg with 10-15lit. Of

water is feed from the inlet pipe in the pipe.

The slurry is decomposed in the digester tank by

We are using starchy material it takes place due

to decomposition into peptides alcohol, glycerol



These simpler sugars are further bifurcated and

emit methane gas.

Methane gas produced in the plant gets collected

at the upper section of the plant i.e. gas holder

dome.

Now from the gas outlet can be utilized

whenever required.

Feedstock- Any Starchy Material i.e. used tea

powder, rotten fruits, vegetable waste, wheat

flour, oil cakes, stale food, and pending skin of

biodegradable solid waste.

• Effluent - The leftover from the

tank in the form of slurry which can used as an

organic fertilizer. Water requirement- for 1-

1.5kg waste 10-15lit water is required. Quantity

of methane gas produced-60% of size of the

tank.

4.6: Advantages / Benefits of compact

Biogas plant

• Require very small space of

1x1 m2 as it compact.

• Provides a clean cooking gas

fuel.

• Utilize biodegradable solid

waste of domestic urban

households.

• Waste produced from plant is

used as good fertilizer.

• Resolves the problem of

garbage disposal & preserves

the environment.

• It is maintenance free.

• Its user-friendly, eco-friendly.

• Safe as it open to atmosphere

and located on terrace or

backyard.

• Minimum life = 20 years.

• Comparative cheaper to other

fuels.

• Harmless to nature hence it is

eco-friendly.

7: Cost Analysis:

• Cost of project – Initial cost

Rs.15000/-

• Recurring Cost- Rs. 13750/-

4.8: Uses of compact bio-gas plant:

• It can be used for

domestic purpose.

• It can be use where large

amount of domestic

waste is available.

• The waste manure

produce by plant is use

as fertilizer.

• For commercial Purpose

such as Hotels, Canteens

etc. the plant can use.



Conclusion- The investigation and study reveal that there is

more broad degree in biogas and it has

unbelievable potential. The plant has ended up

being effective to the extent lessening of waste

volume and characteristic load, along these lines

it winds up being to be an other alternative to

cooking gas and it can be used as a piece of time

of energy.

Reference:-

1. A. Apte, V. Cheernam, M. Kamat, S.

Kamat, P. Kashikar, and H. Jeswani.

International Journal of

Environmental Science and

Development, Vol. 4, No. 4, August

201, Potential of Using Kitchen

Waste in a Biogas Plant. 370-371

2. T.Subramani, M.Nallathambi.

International Journal of Modern

Engineering Research (IJMER)

Mathematical Model for Commercial

Production of Bio-Gas from Sewage

Water And Kitchen Waste Vol.2,

Issue.4, July-Aug 2012 pp-1588-1595

ISSN: 2249-6645.

3. Diaz L.F., Eggerth L.L., Savage

G.M. (2007): Management of solid wastes in

developingcountries. IWWG Monograph

T.Subramani, M.Nallathambi. International

Journal of Modern Engineering Research

(IJMER) Mathematical Model for

Commercial Production of Bio-Gas from

Sewage Water And Kitchen Waste Vol.2,

Issue.4, July-Aug 2012 pp-1588-1595 ISSN:

2249-6645.

4. Diaz L.F., Eggerth L.L., Savage G.M.

(2007): Management of solid wastes in

developingcountries. IWWG Monograph.

5. developing countries - State-of-the-art

in South India. Proceedings Venice 2008,

Second International Symposium on Energy

from Biomass and Waste. Venice, Italy; 17-

20November 2008

6. .J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage.

Effect of Waste Paper on Biogas Production

from Co-digestion of Cow Dung and Water

Hyacinth in Batch ReactorsDecember, 2008

Vol. 12 (4) 95 – 98.

7. Kumar.s. Gaikward.S.A.,

Shekdar.A.KSrisagar.P.K..,Singh R.N (2004)

Estimation method for national methane

emission from Solid Waste Land fills

Atmosphere environment 38:3481-3487

8. Ranjeet Singh, S. K. Mandal, V. K.

Jain (2008), Development of mixed

inoculum for methane enriched biogas

production. 117-119

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