eng: eyad haddad1 specification & quantities estimating lecturer eng: eyad a. haddad college of...

Eng: Eyad Haddad 1

Specification & Quantities Estimating

Lecturer

Eng: Eyad A. HaddadEng: Eyad A. Haddad

College of Applied Engineering& Urban Planning

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Course Aims & Objectives

At the completion of this course, the student will:

Recognize the preliminary and detailed estimating methods and focusing on the elements for construction projects

To be familiar with cost analysis and preparation for bidding.

Understanding and be familiar with the construction specification in particular for building.

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Course Outline

Part 1 : Quantity SurveyIntroduction to Engineering project including

project cycle, & bidding documents.Quantities surveying and calculation of

different areas.Methods of measurement of the works.Pricing & cost analysis.Payment certificate.Application on Engineering project

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Part 2 : Technical specification

Earth worksConcrete worksMasonry worksPlasteringTilingMetal workCarpentry workPainting worksGlazingPlumbing worksElectrical works

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The Engineering ProjectThe Engineering Project

ProjectProject

Structural Structural worksworks

Architectural Architectural WorksWorks

Electrical Electrical WorksWorks

Mechanical Mechanical WorksWorks

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Types of construction Engineering Types of construction Engineering Projects :Projects :

- Building construction- Roads Construction- Water Systems- Sewerage and Storm water systems

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Project Cycle

Studies, design, tendering

Implementation & supervision

Taking- over, and operation

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Main stages in construction project1- Concept : identify the project needs, and objectives2- technical studies as feasibility study, possibility of

implementation, primary cost, and possibility of financing …..etc.

3- Preliminary design4- Detailed design including architectural , structural, electrical,

mechanical.5- Tender documents.6 – Tendering7- Contract Award8- contract agreement9- starting construction10- Preliminary handing over the project11- the operation of the project12- maintenance period13- Project final handing over.

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Construction Project CycleP

erc

en

t C

om

ple

te

Stage I Stage II Stage III Stage IV

Project "GO" Decision

Major Contracts Let

Installation Substantially Complete

Full Operations

Feasability- P roject Formulation - Feasabiltiy Studies- Strategies Design & Approval

Planning & Design - Base Design - Cost & Schedule- Contract Terms & Conditions. - Detailed P lanning

Turnover & Start Up- Final Testing - Maintenance

Construction - Manufacturing - Delivery - Civil Work - Installation - Testing

Figure 1.1 : Construction Projects Life-Cycle (Ref: PMBK, 2000)

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Tender DocumentsTender Documents

Invitation to bid Instruction to bidders Information to bidders & bid data Biding Forms General conditions of contract Specific condition of contract Specification BOQ Drawings Contract forms

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The Project Parties

The Employer /OwnerThe consultant: who appointed by the

employer to do the design and bidding documents and supervise the construction work.

The contractor: who was approved by the employer to implement the works according to the submitted bid.

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Other PartiesMunicipalities, ministries, suppliers, techniciansSubcontracts, workers,Insurance companiesBanks and other financing agencies.

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Construction Project Teams

Main tasks for engineering teams in Main tasks for engineering teams in the project are :the project are :- design- Implementation / construction- supervision

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Construction Project Teams

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Quantity Surveyor

He the person who is responsible on estimating the quantities from the design drawings, and measurement of the quantities in the site during the project implementation, and preparing the current and final payments.

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Quantity Surveys (take off)

It is the quantity of works/material take off , required for the completion of project implementation, and listed as items in table of quantities.

In general we can describe quantity survey In general we can describe quantity survey as follows:as follows:

1.Description and preparation of the bill of quantities and its items required for the tender.

2.Preparation of the site material, material types, and material distribution.

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Quantity surveys (take off) .. Cont.Quantity surveys (take off) .. Cont.

Describe the items and preparing BOQPreparing of the cost estimate in BOQ.Preparation of the list of the site needs

(technician / workers)Preparation of the due payment statements

(contractor payments during the construction)

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Tasks of the Quantity SurveyorTasks of the Quantity Surveyor

First : in the consultant office :Stage 1 :During the preparation of bidding

documents :- Preparation of the BOQ from the design drawing

which part of bidding documents.- Preparation of cost estimate for items listed in BOQ- Review and check the bids submitted from bidders.- Preparation of the lists of the contents of bids

received.- Sharing in evaluation and preparation of t

recommendation to award the contract to be submitted to owner.

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Quantity Surveyor TasksQuantity Surveyor Tasks

22 Stage 2 :Stage 2 : During the supervision of the During the supervision of the constructionconstruction

- Review and checking the payments submitted from the contractor.

- Preparation of the reports about the conformity of the quantities items with contract documents.

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Second : In the Contractor CompanySecond : In the Contractor Company

- During the implementation :- During the implementation :- Review and checking the BOQ at the starting of the

work.- Prepare the eng. Measurement for the quantities of

the finished works.- Prepare lists of the site needs (material, workers,

technicians)- Calculate the remuneration of the subcontractors,

workers, equipments,…etc.- Prepare the payment statements- Prepare the detailed reports describing the situation of

the items quantities, (plus or minus the contract BOQ)

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Required SkillsRequired Skills

Ability to understand the drawings details, design drawings, shop drawings, as built ).

Excellent knowledge of the calculation of the areas and volumes, knowledge of fees of workers e /technicians/ , rules and law of the contracts,

In addition to the knowledge of related financial issues/ taxes, banks transactions, insurances and its implication.

Knowledge of the productivity of the workers and technicians.

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Stages of the Quantity SurveyStages of the Quantity Survey

Stage1 : preparation of the engineering measurement and calculations of the works during the preparation of the bidding documents (consultant) and

- preparation of the measurement of the accomplished works in the site and prepare in the site and prepare the payment (contractor)the payment (contractor)

Stage 2 : preparing BOQStage 3 : review and check the financial

payments.

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Areas, Volumes, & Surface areas

See attached PDF file

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Next Lecture :Special calculations of the areas and volumes.Measurement of the works.

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Lecture # 3

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Method of measurements1- Conventional measurement (1- Conventional measurement ( البلدي البلدي الكيل ((الكيل

Depends on experience, and type of project.

Doesn't govern by theories or engineering basics.

Not considered as scientific method.

Doesn't subtract the opening as windows or doors from

the block, plastering, painting works and computing

whole wall.

Another example : as the every 3 steps in stair = 1 m3

2- Engineering measurement (2- Engineering measurement ( الهندسي الهندسي الكيل ((الكيلIt is calculating all the works finished after subtracting all opening.

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Cont.unit measurement example

Lump-sum (L.S)

Works have details difficult to be

calculated

Earth work, earthling system (electrical),,

M.R Works have specific length and width

As pipes

No. Works have 3 dim. fixed

Windows, doors,

M2 Works with specific thickness,

as plastering, painting,

M3 Variable dimensions

Footings, columns, stairs,

Ton / kg Have specific width As steel

Day / hrs Labor / equipment Workers wages, equipment,

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Types of construction works

Building construction

Roads construction

Water Booster P.S and piping,

Sewage and storm water P.S and piping.

Electrical construction

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Preparation of engineering measurements

measurement sheet project name _________________contractor name ____________engineer name _______________

length width heigth Total amountDimension

SN Description Unit Quantity Unit rate

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Act. No. Activity Description Unit

0100 General Works

0101 Demolition Works l.s

0200 Earth Work

0201 Excavation m3

0203 Fill with compacted clean sand m3

0300 Concrete Works

0301 Plain concrete B150 m3

0302 R. Concrete B300 for foundation m3

0303 R. Concrete B250 for Ground beams and steps m3

0304 R. Concrete B300 for Necks and Columns m3

0305 R. Concrete B250 for Slaps 25 cm thick. m3

0400 Block Works

0401 Block works for walls 20cm thick. m2

0402 Block works for internal walls 15cm thick. m2

0403 Block works for internal walls 10cm thick. m2

0500 Plastering Works

0501 3-face internal plastering m2

0502 External plastering on walls m2

0600 Tilling Works

0601 Pre cast terrazzo tiles 25*25 cm for floors m2

0602 White ceramic tiles20*30cm for walls m2

0603 White ceramic tiles 20*20cm for floor m2

0700 Painting Works

0701 Internal Painting-Poliside for Ceiling m2

0702 Internal Painting-Supercryle for walls m2

0800 Carpentry Works

0900 Metal and Aluminum Works

1000 Electrical Works

1100 Mechanical Works

1200 Isolation Works

1300 Special Works

1400 Finishing Works

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Item unit Method of measurement

Site leveling Lump sum It takes into consideration all site leveling including the excavation, fill, till reach 0+B.M according to design drawing.

Excavation (cut) m3 Measured by 2 methods :1- footings areas according to blinding area * depth of excavation according to drawings.2- external dimensions of the building *depth of footings

Fill (backfill) m3 = excavation – concrete work for footings and columns under ground level. = ground plan *depth of ground beams – (concrete for ground beams and ground floors)

Measurement of works / Earth Work

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Example : Measurement of Earth Work / Excavation works

Measured by 2 methods :1- footings areas according to blinding area * depth of excavation according to drawings.

2- external dimensions of the building *depth of footings

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Concrete works measures engineering measurement

All opening more than 0.1m2 or 0.1 m3 are

deducted.

The concrete works more than the areas, volumes in

the drawings doesn’t included.

Measurement of works / concrete works

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Measurement of works / concrete worksItem unit Method of measurement

Blinding concrete, ground concrete, benching, and slabs concrete with fixed thickness

m2 = length * width (the thickness should be specified in the drawings and specifications) Ribs blocks don’t subtract from the slabs concrete.

Footings, columns, ground beams, stairs, and canopies,

m3 = length*width*thickness-Ground beams are measured from its connection with columns- concrete stars include the stairs , steps, stair slabs, walls supporting the stairs.

Concrete decoration works as curves.

No. The dimensions must be specified in the drawings.

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Measurement of works / block worksItem unit Method of measurement

Block works m2 = length * width (the thickness should be specified in the drawings and specifications) - subtracting all openings more than 0.1 cm2.

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Measurement of works / Plastering/ painting works


Length * width M2 = length * width (engineering measurement after subtracting the openings, more than 0.1 m2) - the area is measured above the skirting (terrazzo chips)

Internal plastering = walls + slabs

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Measurement of works / tilling works


Terrazzo, marble, ceramic

m2 = length * width (engineering measurement)

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Plastering & painting

M2 = length * width (engineering measurement after subtracting the openings, more than 0.1 m2) - the area is measured above the skirting (terrazzo chips)

Internal plastering = walls + ceiling

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Measurement of works / Doors


Doors No. The exact dimensions should be specified in the design drawings.Sometimes carpentry works measured in m2 or m length according to the item described in BOQ.

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Measurement of works / Windows


windows No. The exact dimensions should be specified in the design drawings.Sometimes carpentry works measured in m2 or m length according to the item described in BOQ.

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Measurement of works / electrical & sanitary works


Electrical and sanitary pieces / accessories

No. The dimensions should be specified clearly in the design drawings as the sockets, lamps, fluorescent lighting,…etc(W.C. , washing basins, sinks, manholes, pumps…etc)

piping M.R The dimension and details should be specified in the drawings, as (cables, pipes, ..etc)

Works with special detail

Lumps sum All details should be specified in the drawings, as earthing, gas network,

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Bill of QuantitiesThe results in the quantities book, are recorded in the BOQ table.It is preferable to add 5-10% percentage on the quantities for

contingency to avoid any errors or any…..

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Lecture # 4

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Estimate the quantities and prepare bill of quantities for the following works:

Concrete for columns.

Concrete for footings.

Plastering, painting and tilting for guest room

Tiling and plastering for bathroom 1, provided that the tiles will cover all the walls.

Knowing that,

Height of the floor is 2.95m

The windows for guest room are150x120cm, 300x120cm, and the doors are 220x90

cm and 220x120 cm

Bathroom1 door is 220x70 cm, and the window is 80x80cm

Depth of excavation is 1.2 m

Dimension of ground beams is 20x50 cm.

Thickness of Blinding concrete is 10 cm and increase 10 cm in each direction.

Dimension for columns and footings described in the following table:

Example 1

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Column number/Description

1,2,3,4,5,6, 7,8,9,10, 12,13,

18,19,2011,14,15,16,17,

Columns Dimension 20*50 20*60

Columns’ neck Dimension 25*50 25*60

Footings Dimension 150*150*50 cm 160*160*50

Guest room

living room

Bedroom-2-

Bedroom-1-

KitchenBedroom-3-

Bathroom1B

ath

room

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

C7

C6

C8C9C10C11C12C13

C14 C15

C16 C17 C18

C19C20

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S.N

Item descriptionاألعمال بيان

الوحدة

Unit

الكمية Quant.

Dimensionsاألبعاد

Total Quantitiesالكلية الكمية

Lالطول

Wالعرض

Hاالرتفا

ع

Partiallyالجزئية الكميات Total

اإلجمال+ Positiveي

إضافةNegative –

خصم

Column number/Description

1,2,3,4,5,6, 7,8,9,10,

12,13, 18,19,20

11,14,15,16,17,

Columns Dimension 20*50 20*60

Columns’ neck Dimension

25*50 25*60

Footings Dimension150*150*50

cm160*160*50

Guest room

living room

Bedroom-2-

Bedroom-1-

KitchenBedroom-3-

Bathroom1

Bath

room

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

C7

C6

C8C9C10C11C12C13

C14 C15

C16 C17 C18

C19

C20

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S.N


الوحدة

Unit

الكمية Quant.



Lالطول

Wالعرض

Hاالرتفا

ع




خصم

Example 2 :Estimate the quantities and prepare bill of quantities for the following works:

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S.N


الوحدة Unit

الكمية Quant.



Lالطول

Wالعرض

Hاالرتفاع




خصم


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S.N


الوحدة Unit

الكمية Quant.



Lالطول

Wالعرض

Hاالرتفاع




خصم


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S.N


الوحدة Unit

الكمية Quant.



Lالطول

Wالعرض

Hاالرتفاع




خصم


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S.N


الوحدة Unit

الكمية Quant.



Lالطول

Wالعرض

Hاالرتفاع




خصم


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Site leveling Lump sum It takes into consideration all site leveling including the excavation, fill, till reach 0+B.M according to design drawing.

Excavation (cut) m3 Measured by 2 methods :1- footings areas according to blinding area * depth of excavation according to drawings.2- external dimensions of the building *depth of footings

Fill (backfill) m3 = excavation – concrete work for footings and columns under ground level. = ground plan *depth of ground beams – (concrete for ground beams and ground floors)

Measurement of works / Earth Work

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Concrete works measures engineering measurement

All openinng more than 0.1m2 or 0.1 m3 are deducted.

The concrete works more than the areas, volumes in the drawings doesn’t included.

Measurement of works / concrete works

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Measurement of works / concrete worksItem unit Method of measurement

Blinding concrete, ground concrete, benching, and slabs concrete with fixed thickness

m2 = length * width (the thickness should be specified in the drawings and specifications) Ribs blocks don’t subtract from the slabs concrete.

Footings, columns, ground beams, stairs, and canopies,

m3 = length*width*thickness-Ground beams are measured from its connection with columns- concrete stars include the stairs , steps, stair slabs, walls supporting the stairs.

Concrete decoration works as curves.

No. The dimensions must be specified in the drawings.

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Measurement of works / block worksItem unit Method of measurement

Block works m2 = length * width (the thickness should be specified in the drawings and specifications) - subtracting all openings more than 0.1 cm2.

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Length * width M2 = length * width (engineering measurement after subtracting the openings, more than 0.1 m2) - the area is measured above the skirting (terrazzo chips)

Internal plastering = walls + slabs

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Measurement of works / tilling works


Terrazzo, marble, ceramic

m2 = length * width (engineering measurement)

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Plastering & painting

M2 = length * width (engineering measurement after subtracting the openings, more than 0.1 m2) - the area is measured above the skirting (terrazzo chips)

Internal plastering = walls + ceiling

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Measurement of works / Doors


Doors No. The exact dimensions should be specified in the design drawings.Sometimes carpentry works measured in m2 or m length according to the item described in BOQ.

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Bill of Quantities The results in the quantities book, are recorded in

the BOQ table. It is preferable to add 5-10% percentage on the

quantities for contingency to avoid any errors or any.

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Lecture # 5

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Methods of EstimatesA) Actual cost: is known at the completion of the work.

B) Detailed Estimates :

must known before the construction stage, and it can

be prepared in four stages as follow:

1. Details of Measurements and calculation of quantities.

(by using Details of Measurements Form )

2. Abstract of estimated cost.

(by using Abstract of estimated Form )

3. Transfer the data to the Bill of Quantities.

4. Summary table

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S.N


الوحدة

Unit

الكمية Quant.



Lالطول

Wالعرض

Hاالرتفا

ع




خصم

1. Details of Measurements Form

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2. Abstract of estimated Formmeasurement sheet

project name _________________contractor name ____________engineer name _______________

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No. Item description unit Quantity Unit price($ or NIS …)

Total amount($ or NIS …)

1 The works include…… L.S

3. Transfer the data to the Bill of Quantities

See the attached example

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The items are classified into categories as shown in the next table.

at the end of BOQ, summary of the items are shown as well as the total amount of the price

Bill of Quantities

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NO. DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY UNIT RATE

$

TOTAL AMOUNT

$

1.1 Excavation from natural ground level for foundation up to required designed level. The selected excavated material can be used for back filling, the surplus excavated material from the site. According to Eng. Instructions.

M3

1.2 Backfilling from the selected excavated material around foundation and to make up levels for the school yard in layers 25cm thick (M.D.D 98%)

according to Eng. Instructions and specifications.

M3

1.3 Supply, spread , level and compact Aproved selected Material ( kurkar ) type A in compacted layer 25 an

thick 98% Max .Dry Density around foundation and as per Specification and Eng. Instructions.

M3

1.4 Supply clean sand and fill in compacted layers 25cm thick for school yard to make up levels according to

the drawings.

M3

Total

Example for the Bill of QuantitiesEXCAVATION & EARTHWORKS

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Example for the Bill of QuantitiesCONCRETE WORKS

NO. DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY UNIT RATE

$

TOTAL AMOUNT $

The items include shuttering, steel shaping, fixing , supplying and cast the required concrete, striping of shuttering and two coats of water proof

hot bitumen layer of type 75 for foundations, necks and ground beams and all requirement as per specifications, drawings and engineer

instructions.

2.1 Supply and cast plain concrete B (200) kg/cm2 for Blinding beds 5 cm thick and 15cm plain concrete of entrance ramps as per specifications

and drawings.

M3

2.2 Supply and cast ready mix concrete B(250) kg/cm2 for the ground slab 10cm thick with steel mesh 8mm diameter every 20cm including

polythene sheets below concrete slab as per specifications and drawings.

M2

2. 3 Supply and cast ready mix concrete B (250) kg/cm2 for reinforced concrete foundations as per specifications and drawings.

M3

2.7 Supply and cast ready mix concrete B (300) kg/cm2 for reinforced concrete columns and columns necks as per specifications and drawings.

M3

2.12 Supply and cast ready mix concrete B (250) kg/cm2 for suspended hollow block slab 20 cm thick, including the reinforced steel , drop and

inverted beams, decorative arch’s , hollow cement block, 40 x 25 x 14cm and all other materials as per specifications and drawings.

M2

2.14 B250 reinforced concrete for Apron (surface treated with mechanical steel trolled finish) the price include polythene sheets. Reinforcement I 8mm / 20 cm in both way and reinforced edge beam the price including

15cm thick compacted base coarse according to drawing and specification.

M3

Total

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4. Summary table

No. Item Total amount($ or NIS …)

1- EXCAVATION & EARTH WORKS

2 CONCRETE WORKS

3- BLOCK WORK

4- CARPENTRY

5- METAL WORK

6- FINISHING WORKS

7- PLUMBING WORKS

8- ELECTRICAL WORKS

9- MISCELLANEOUS

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Item description Based on drawings, specification. It should be accurate and reflect the

drawings and specifications, Description should include :

1- description of the works2- unit3- determine the method of measurement.

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How to read the description Description of the items Drawings, details Specifications General and specific conditions Instruction of the supervisor engineer

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the work price should include The description of the item should

include all the work that the unit price will take account of as will be illustrated in the following

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1- Earth work The unit price should include :- Excavation in any kind of soil, rock, etc., starting at reduced

level (bottom of G.B. blinding) down to bottom of foundation blinding including compacting backfill around foundations and shall be applied on layers, 200 mm thick, watered and compacted to 95 % (98%) according to modified AASHTO Density Test T-80.for the excavated foundation and removal of surplus material from site to an approved dumping area complete as per specifications.

- Site Leveling. (Excavation of all Site including External Works). Cut and / or fill in any kind of soil, concrete, or asphalt; to the required Levels approved by the Engineer (Reduced Level). Including scraping of top. Any damage to the external walls, fence, etc. should be maintained without any compensations..

- Test of the soil (4 points at least)- Safety around the site,- Work according to engineer instruction and specifications

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اإلجمالي بالحروف

اإلجمالي

بالدوالر

السعر بالدوالر

الكمية الوحدة األعمال بيان البند

مقطوعي

مقطوعي أعمال المدني :-أعمال الحفر والردم والبند يشمل اآلتي:-

أعمال اإلزالة والبند يشمل اآلتي :--إزالة جميع المنشآت وخالفه القائمة 1

والموجودة في الموقع، ونقل أي مخلفات إلى موقع بعيد عن موقع البناء والعمل حسب

المخططات وتعليمات المهندس المشرف . والبند يشمل اآلتي :-أعمال الحفر والردم

أ-تنظيف موقع العمل وإزالة ما هو موجود ونقله إلى المكان الذي يحدده المشرف ونهو األعمال

حسب األصول .ب-التفريغ في أي نوع من التربة دون تفرقة

سواء ترابي أو حوري أو صخري للوصول إلى المناسيب الموضحة بالرسومات المرفقة ثم

الحفر لزوم القواعد واألحزمة األرضية وخالفه حسب المنسوب التصميمى وحتى الوصول إلى التربة األصلية للموقع على أن ال يقل الحفر عن

متر وذلك حسب المخططات وتعليمات 1.50المهندس المشرف, والبند يشمل جميع ما

تتطلبه أعمال الحفريات من إزالة القاذورات وإزالة جذور األشجار أو أي عوائق أخرى تعيق

العمل مثل خطوط المياه أو آبار أ و خطوط مجارى أو خطوط كهرباء وغيره على حساب

المقاول .ج- الردم من الرمل السافية النظيف ونقل جميع المواد الناتجة من الحفر و الغير الزمة إلى خارج الموقع والردم يتم حتى الوصول إلى المناسيب

المطلوبة والموضحة بالمخططات .

� :أوال-1

1-12-1

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Concrete workConcrete works include: All formworks and shuttering in any form, shape and size.

Making chamfered and curved edges, allowing for and making grooves and sleeves and the like; removal of forms and cleaning of all exposed tie wires and rods; making good the harmed surfaces and

Supplying, Casting, vibrating and curing as per specifications. Approved additives and admixtures. Incurred costs on Concrete Mix Designs, Sample taking,

testing and providing test results certificates, storing and saving of samples, and preparation of bar bending schedules and workshops.

Supplying reinforcement of any grade, size and length as detailed in the drawings, storing on site including cutting, bending and fixing in position and providing all tying wires, spacers, shop drawings, testing and bar bending schedules

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Concrete work (cont’d) Painting of exposed surfaces of underground

reinforced concrete elements with two coats of Bituminous Emulsion. Supply of Polyethylene sheets under ground slabs.

Steel bars used for alignment and fixing of reinforcement works, and extra steel added to assure proper detailing and safety.

Measurement of Concrete elements shall be the net dimensions as detailed in the drawings. All recesses, openings and voids shall be deducted.

Measurement shall be only for the seen surfaces of elements, overlapping and measuring items twice under separate headings shall not be allowed.

Supplying and fixing of the required steel reinforcement as per drawings and specifications.

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Block worksRates of Block works include All works of the bill shall be of Concrete blocks of high

quality standards and as per specifications. Vertical and horizontal joints., Cement and mortar,

Galvanized angles and ties., Closed end blocks at all ends, door and window jambs, reveals and the like.

Concrete filling including reinforcing steel to cavities at quoins and door and window openings.

Lintels and bond beams to the full length of the wall, and all needed to complete job as per drawings and

specifications concrete infill and transporting, placing compacting,

curing, surface finishing, protection, construction and expansion joints and all labors and materials and tests.

Eng: Eyad Haddad 89

Block works (cont’d)

Block work shall be bonded to concrete columns, wall and the like with concrete infill B250. block must be stopped in graded shape (10-15 cm from the concrete face) one 8 mm bar must cast in columns during casting with 40 cm length fixed every 42 cm horizontally, in addition to two vertical 10 mm bars.

Eng: Eyad Haddad 90

Plastering works, includes The price shall include, all narrow widths, for taking out

joints on block walls or backing concrete face for key, for making good to frames around pipes and other fittings , plastering to jambs and reveals of openings ( النافذة من جانب

للجدار الخارجى السطح وبين اطارها side of columns, window ,(بينsills; all of which shall be included Price shall also include Expanded metal lath, angle beads at all corners and plaster stops at opening edges, expansion joints, sills, labor, curing, erecting and dismantling of scaffoldings سقاالت), additives, pigments and all incidentals required as specified

Material, workmanship, Galvanized mesh, or plastic mesh, False ceiling from galvanized mesh and plastering (fixing mesh , covering it by 3-coats of rough plaster) reinforcement of the joints between different material as

the joints between the wall and columns.

Eng: Eyad Haddad 91

Tilling works Rate shall include preparation of surfaces under tiles, special tile

peace’s for edges and the like, tile surface finishing, Plastic spacers. Pointing and cleaning and all incidental as per specifications.

Supply, Install and Terrazzo Tiles, include, bedding and jointing in cement and sand mortar, pointing with white cement, required sand fill, and polishing, workmanship, and all incidental as per specifications

Isolation works for kitchen and bathroom (layer of fiber glass, and bitumen layers)

Marble includes connections, joints, mortar, and any other needed work. Supply and install a layer of cement and sand under marble and

porcelain , ceramic, according to specification and engineer instruction. Supply and spread a layer of sand under the tiles. Any decoration works as drawings

Eng: Eyad Haddad 92

Painting works All Paints shall be supplied to site in sealed

container, as approved by the Engineer, and site mixing shall not be permitted.

The Contractor rates shall include for supply of all materials, workmanship, samples, surface preparation , protection of painted surfaces , application to all heights as required of works, repair of all damaged surface, as per specification.

Eng: Eyad Haddad 93

CARPENTRY AND JOINERY WORKS (window & doors) Sizes of carpentry works given in the Bills of Quantities are finished sizes

and shall be as per Drawings. Sizes of doors and other items mentioned in the Bills of Quantities shall

allow for tolerance to suit the structural openings shown in the Drawings. Wooden doors and pair of doors shall be measured in square meter for

each structural opening, unless stated otherwise in the Bills of Quantities. Rates for carpentry and joinery work shall include : Shop and coordinated drawings. frames, architrave (عارضة ), and other holders Allowance for plastering and tiling and the like. Cutting and fitting around obstructions, Bedding and painting. Grounds, blocking and backings. Plugging concrete, block work, and stone work , and making good. Ironmongery including cylindrical locks, handles, stoppers, screws,

temporary fixing, re-fixing, oiling and adjusting.

Eng: Eyad Haddad 94

STEEL AND ALUMINUM WORKS

Rates for metalwork shall include for : Preparing shop drawings, Drilling, counter sinking, screwing, bolting and riveting. Sub frames, including galvanized steel frames for Aluminum

windows and architrave. Gaskets, sashes, double weather strips and external and internal

approved quality silicon filling around frames. Ironmonger including cylindrical locks (Union or equal) , stoppers,

handles, temporarily fixing, refitting, oiling and adjusting. Providing two keys for each lock . Glass and glazing including cutting to size, putty and rubber. Preparing surfaces for and painting one coat of primer before

fixing. Sealing and Painting to any area or width in any location including

work in multicolor and cutting in edges. All other accessories and incidentals required to execute the work.

Eng: Eyad Haddad 95

Electrical works All items price to include Supply, Installing, Connecting and

testing unless otherwise indicated, the contractor are requested to have approved full coordinated work shop drawings before starting contract activities, the price also includes all works necessary to implement electrical works in approved manner.

The contractor intended to order main and final distribution panel boards according to approved manufacturer drawings.

The price to include submittals, catalogs, any manufacturer instruction .

The contractor should install and construct all works according to drawings , specification tender documents, and requirement of Electrical Co.

Contractor should also test & submit the electrical Work to the Electricity Co. & Municipality.

Eng: Eyad Haddad 96

PLUMBING, SANITARY AND MECHANICAL WORKS

Rates shall include all fittings , fixtures , appliances and pipe laying Supply of material, workmanship, installation, testing and commissioning.

Rates to include also all peaces and fittings, including by passes , floats, cleaning outlets , automatic vents, vents and stack covers, valves and non return valves and the like needed to complete works as per specifications.

Insulation and painting as called for in specifications. Excavation and cutting for all pipe laying works, bedding

back filling and all works connected with pipe laying. All ties, sleeves, joints, tie bolts and rods, brackets and

the like. Rates to include Workshops, Coordinated and as- built

drawings as approved by the Engineer

Eng: Eyad Haddad 97

Lecture # 6

Eng: Eyad Haddad 98

Pricing & price analysis Before construction three types of pricing :

1- cost estimate2- pricing3- cost analysis

Eng: Eyad Haddad 99

Eng: Eyad Haddad 100

Factors affecting the pricing

Raw material Workmanship, labor, sub-contractors Administration cost including direct cost as salaries,

equipments, transportation ..etc. and indirect cost as electricity, communication cost, banks , municipality fees, ,,,etc.

Unforeseen expenses & risk (3-5%) Insurances Taxes as income tax, V.A.T, Profit (7-10%)


Productivity of labor

It is necessary to calculate the productivity for the work teams either worker or technicians / equipments to calculate wages, for workers / subcontractors.

Productivity is measured per hour or per day.


Pricing analysis stages :Estimate the price for raw material and

workmanship.Estimate the percentage of the specified

work from the total project work . (work item/total work *100%)

Estimate the cost of administration / management , tax, insurances, risk, and profit.

Estimate the total cost for all works item.Estimate the unit price for each item.


Example:Analyze the prices, and find the unit price for

the following, knowing that, 1- Administrative expenses is fixed (1000$) for

project2- Unfixed expenses / indirect (400$)3- Insurance 200 $


ID Description of work unit quantity

1 Concrete footings M3 78

2 Block works for wall (20*20*24cm) M2 100

3 Internal plastering M2 200

4 Wooden door 90*220 No. 10


1- Price for raw material and workmanship- Concrete footing (B250)

ID Description Raw material per m3

price workmanship

1- Concrete footings (B250) Concrete 190 100Steel 170Wires 5

Nails, bolts 2

Water 1isolation 3

total 371 100Total price (NIS) 471Total price ($) 134$

Total for 78 m3 134*78 = 10,960 $



price workmanship

Block 20*20*40 block 12.5*2=25 6

Morter 3

Moving the blocks

2

Joints, concrete fill

5

total 35 6

Total price (NIS) 41

Total price ($) 11.7

Total for 78 m3 11.7*100= 1170$

Block work (20*20*40 cm)


Internal plastering


price workmanship

Internal plastering scaffolding o.5 6

Morter 4

Angles, metal grid, ..etc

0.5

water 0.5

total 6 6


Total price ($) 3.4

Total for 200 m2 3.4*200= 680$


Wooden doors 220*90 cm


price workmanship

Wooden door 220*90 material 400 50

Misce. 20

total 420 50


Total price ($) 135

Total for 10 doors 135*10 =1350$


percentage of the specified work from the total project work

ID Description Total work price % from total work

1 Concrete footings (B250) 10960 77.40%

2 Internal plastering 680 4.80%

3 Wooden door 220*90 1350 9.53%

4 Block 20*20*40 1170 8.26%

5 Total 14160 100.00%


2- the cost of administration / management , tax, insurances, risk, and profit.

administration expenses

ID Description fixed (1000$)

variable (400$)

tax (10%)

Insurance

(200$)

risks (5%)

profit (10%)

Total

1 Concrete footings (B250)

774.01 309.6 1096 154.8 548 1096 3978.4

2 Internal plastering

48.02 19.21 68 9.61 34 68 246.8362

3 Wooden door 220*90

95.34 38.14 135 19.07 67.5 135 490.04

4 Block 20*20*40 82.63 33.05 117 16.53 58.5 117 424.70


total cost for all works itemID Description stage (1) stage (2) total

1.00 Concrete footings (B250)

10,960.00 3,978.42 14,938.42

2.00 Internal plastering 680.00 246.84 926.84

3.00 Wooden door 220*90 1,350.00 490.04 1,840.04

4.00 Block 20*20*40 1,170.00 424.70 1,594.70


unit price for each itemID Description unit quantity unit price total

1.00 Concrete footings (B250)

m3 78.00 191.52 14,938.42

2.00 Internal plastering m2 200.00 4.63 926.84

3.00 Wooden door 220*90

no 10.00 184.00 1,840.04

4.00 Block 20*20*40 m2 100.00 15.95 1,594.70


Estimating & Evaluation

Lecture # 7


Form of evaluation based on cost per unitID Description unit Unit price

1 Concrete footings m3 200

2 Block 20*20*40 m2 20

3 Wooden door 220*90 cm no 300

4 Internal plastering m2 6


Cost per m2 of floor area(residential building)

Description (m2)

stores Ground floor

First floor

Structural elements

70 80 60

finishing 40 80 80

total 110 160 140


Cost of housing unit = cost of m2 * the areas of the unit


Analysis of quantitiesAnalysis to raw material quantities for example

:- Concrete : cement, water, aggregate, steel, - Cement in 1m3:- Mixing proportion (4:2:1) = 300kg, 6:3:1 =

200 kg, - 8:4:1 = 150 kg- 1m3 concrete = 80% aggregates, 40% sand- 1m3 (footings) = 60kg


Miscellaneous works1m2 block (40*20*20) = 12.5 block1m2 tiling (25*25) = 16 1 sack of cement = 1 m2 plastering1 sack cement = built 100 blocks


Estimation of Concrete price1 m3 concrete consist of :350 kg cement 1.2 ton aggregates0.8 ton sandPrice of mixing and pouring, transportationThe total price will be = 0.35

*300NIS+1.3*40+0.8*120+20 (mixing)


Steel reinforcement In general and according to practices, the

following elements contains , Steel reinforcement

Footings = 60kg/m3Columns = 200 kg/m3Ground beams, stairs,= 80kg/m3Slabs = 17kg/m2


Payment certificateFinancial Request for payment, prepared by

contractors, and approved by consultant / owner , describing the actual achieved works , by calculating the unit price by the quantity of item done.

It is important for the contractor as well as for the owner. For the contractor, he gets the value of works done, and save to him liquidity

for the owner , he become aware of the progress, achieved (actual) and planned, therefore, he can know if there is any obstacles or delay.


Preparation of payment


Types of payment certificates1- interim payment certificate2- final statement / final payment certificates


1- interim payment certificateIt is request for payment, contains quantity

survey for the accomplished works , and other supporting details submitted by contractor over the progress period of the project, .

The amount of each request should not be less than 10% of the contract value or according to contract conditions


Contents of the payment certificate1- Financial Payment Certificate: it is a survey

of the accomplished works (actual done), multiplied by its value according to the contract.

2- Measurements : 3- Drawings : as built drawings.


Content of the Payment Certificate

It contains :1- summary, describing the commencement date,

project end date, in addition to other data as contract value, variation order, percentage of the accomplished works, value of the current payment, and due payment, any amount to be deducted for retention, Percentage of retention stated in the Contract Data to the total of the above, and Retention Money (if any) stated in the Contract Data; any amounts to be added and deducted for the advance payment , the deduction of amounts certified in all previous Payment Certificates.


Payment Certificate2- total price of the accomplished works, and

percentage of the work done in relation to total project.

3- other supporting documents including the description of the items, progress in each item previously and also current, unit price, total percentage of the project progress.

Second : measurementsAnd it is table of actual quantity survey

accomplished, including item description, number, volume (length, width, height) and the total.


Third : As build drawings, describing the details of the work done,

Payment Certificate


Final payment certificateIt is called the final payment / certificate after

the primary taking over the project.The process of approval as follows:1- after taking over the project, final request

for payment is prepared, the contractor signed the request for

payment and the measurement sheet, and submitting it to engineer / owner.

2- to be paid the following documents should be attached :


Copy of taking over certificate signed form the committee

Copy of the bid submitted from the contractor after considering the prices in the request for payment

defect liability securityAll tests resultsDeduction of the works that mentioned in the

taking over or any liquidated damages.Letters of project extension if it was

extended.


Final payment certificateContents of the final payment certificate :Application for the requestList of the actual accomplished works and its

value.List of measurementsAs build drawings as it was approved from

the engineer.


Lecture # 8


Table of reinforcement steel weights :

Diameter Wt of 1m length (kg) Area of section (mm2) Perimeter (mm)

6 0.222 0.283 1.8848 0.395 0.502 2.521

10 0.617 0.785 3.1412 0.888 1.13 3.76814 1.209 1.539 4.39616 1.58 2.01 5.02418 1.999 2.543 5.65220 2.468 3.14 6.2822 2.986 3.799 6.90825 3.856 4.906 7.8528 4.837 6.154 8.79232 6.318 8.038 10.04836 7.996 10.174 11.30440 9.872 12.56 12.56


Weight of 1m of steel bar = (diameter, cm)2 * 0.617

Area of section = π r2

Perimeter (mm) = 2 π r


Footing tableF1, C1F2, C2 F3, C3F4, C4


Length of steel Bars :F1 : 1.5 x 1.3 x 0.45 m, Reinforcement

= 11φ12 , & 9 φ12F2 = 1.7 x 1.5 x 0.45 m,

Reinforcement = 13φ12 , & 11 φ12F3 = 1.9 x 1.7 x 0.45 m, Reinforcement

= 14φ12 , & 12 φ12F4 = 2.1 X 1.9 X 0.5 m, Reinforcement

= 16φ12 , & 14 φ12Concrete cover = 5 cm


For F1: Length of steel in longitudinal direction: Ls = 1.5 - .05*2 =1.4 m In vertical direction at both sides = (0.45-0.05*2)/3 *2= 0.24 m The total for bar in longitudinal direction =

1.4+0.24+0.12*2=1.88 m The total length for all steel in longitudinal direction = length of 1

bar *number of bars in the direction = 1.88*11=20.57 m In traverse direction: = 1.3 – 0.05*2+0.12*2+0.24 = 1.68m Total length for all steel in the short direction = 9 *1.68 = 15.12

m The total in both direction = 35.69 m WT of steel for one foot type F1 = 35.69 * 0.888= 31.693 kg For all F1 = 31.693 *4 = 126.77kg.


ID Item description

unit Diam. Length of bar

Total length

Wt of 1m

Total Wt

No. of footings

Total WT for all F1

drawings

1 Reinforcement steel for footings :

F1 Kg Φ12 In long direction = 1.88

In short direction = 1.68

1.88*11+1.68*9 =

35.69 m

0.888 31.693

4 126.77


For column neck:

C1 = 25*60, 6φ14 (F1 : 1.5 x 1.3 x 0.45 m,

Reinforcement = 11φ12 , & 9 φ12)Length of one bar:Excavation depth = 1.5 m, floor

height = 0.48 mSteel leg = 1.5 – (0.05*2)/4 = 0.35

mThe total length = 1.5

+0.48+0.35+0.14 – 0.1 – 0.05 – 0.024 = 2.296 m


For stirrups:If length of column section <60cm, one

stirrup is needed, but if it is > 60cm, two ties is needed

Concrete cover for column = 2.5 cmFor C1 = 25*60Length of stirrups= (0.6 – 0.05)*2 = 1.1mWidth of stirrup= (0.25-0.05 )*2 = 0.4mTotal length of the stirrup= 1.1+0.4+0.08*2

= 1.66m

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