english conditions & wishes

8/13/2019 English Conditions & Wishes

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No. FORMS USAGES0th IF + PRESENT TENSE, + PRESENT TENSE

(if: whenever/ every time)If you borrow money, you pay interest to the bank.We are very happy if you come.Spend time on exercising if you dont want to spend it on seeing yourdoctors.

instructions,advice,suggestions,judgments

1st IF + PRESENT, WILL+ INFINITIVE(In If-clause it is possible to use other present tenses . In main clause it is

possible to use other modals: MAY, CAN, MUST, etc.)

If I see Peter tomorrow, I will invite him to the party.If its still raining, he must be really wet by now.If hes missed the train, he may be late.

real plans,possibilities

2nd IF + PAST TENSE, WOULD + INFINITIVE(In main clause it is possible to use other modals: MIGHT, COULD, etc.)

If I had a years holiday, I would travel round the world.

If we spent more time studying, we might get a really good mark.They could be rich if they won lottery.

imaginary orunrealpresent

3rd IF + PAST PERFECT TENSE, WOULD + PERFECT(In main clause it is possible to use other modals: MIGHT, COULD, etc.)

If I had had a years holiday, I would have travelled round the world.If we had spent more time studying, we might have got a really good mark.

We would have had a lot of fun if you had come with us last night.

imaginary orunreal past


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1. Overview of basic verb forms used In conditional sentences.

Types Tenses IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

Possible

Conditions

Present -

Future

If Sb DOES sth Sb else WILL DO sth else

SHALL

Impossible

Conditions

Present -

Future

If Sb DID sth

(to be with WERE)

Sb else WOULD DO sth else

SHOULD

COULD

MIGHT

Past If Sb HAD DONE sth Sb else WOULD HAVE DONE sth else

SHOULDCOULD

MIGHT


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2. True in Present. True & factual ideas in the present / future

IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

Present Simple Present

Simple future

Modals: SHOULD, MIGHT, CAN, BE

GOING TO,

1. If I don't eatbreakfast

2. If the temperature reaches0C

3. If it rains

I always get/ will gethungry

Water freezes/ willfreeze

We should stayat home.

I might decide to stayat home.we can't go.

Were going to stayat home.


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3. Untrue (contrary to fact) in the present or future.


Past WERE

Modals: WOULD, COULD

If I were the Prime Minister

If I were a bird

I would build more schools and hospitals.

I would be a white pigeon.

If I had enough money

If I knew him clearly

I could buy an expensive car.

I couldn't ask silly questions.


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4. Untrue (contrary to fact) in the past.


Past perfect WOULD/ COULD HAVE DONE

If he had known that I got married

If you had had moneyIf she had come

Oh dear, would he have been sad?

Would you have bought a car?I would have had a lot of fun.


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5. Using progressive verb forms in conditional sentences.

TRUE CONDITIONAL

It is rain ingright now, so I will not go

for a walk

If It were not rainingright now, I

would gofor a walk

I am not livingin Chile. I am not

working at a bank.

If I were livingin Chile, I would be

workingat a bank.It was rainingyesterday afternoon, so

I did not go for a walk.

If It had not been rainingyesterday

afternoon, I would have gonefor a

walk.

I was not livingin Chile last year. I

was not workingat a bank.

If I had been livingin Chile last year.

I would have been workingat abank.


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6. Omitting IF. With WERE, HAD & SHOULD

THE ORIGINAL OMITTING IF

If I were you, I would not do that. Were I you, I would not do that

If I had known, I would have told you Had I known, I would have told you

If anyone should call, please take

the message.

Should anyone call, please take the

message.


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EXERCISES

A. Complete these sentences with your

own ideas

1. I will be very happy if________________________________

2. My mother will be furious with me if__________________________

3. He will be disappointed if________________________________

4. If they have time this weekend,________________________________

B. IF, UNLESS, INCASE

I. What is the difference in meaning?

1. Ill stay here if your sister phone. (Ifshe phones the speaker will stay.Ill stay here unless you sister

phone. (If she phones the speakerwont stay.)2. Ill take a coat if the weather is

bad. (The speaker will only take acoat if the weather is bad.)Ill take a coat in case the weather

is bad. (The speaker is going totake a coat as a precaution.)

I have a good job.

I dont study well at school.

he doesnt have any good chances in life.

they will come here.


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II. Rewrite the following sentences using UNLESS or IN CASE

Example: Only phone me at work if its a real emergency.

Dont phone me at work unless its a real emergency.

1. We cant go out tonight if we cant find a babysitter.

__________________________________________________________________

2. We need to insure the car because something might go wrong.

__________________________________________________________________

3. If she doesnt apologize, I wont talk to her again.

__________________________________________________________________

4. Well leave you a contact number because you might want to phone us.

__________________________________________________________________

5. Ill take some cash because I might want to buy something.

__________________________________________________________________

6. Michael will do well in the exam if the questions arent too difficult.

__________________________________________________________________

We cant go out tonight unless we find a babysitter.We need to insure the car in case something goes wrong.Unless she apologizes, I wont talk to her again.Well leave you a contact number in case you want to phone us.Ill take some cash in case I want to buy something.

Michael will do well in the exam unless the questions are difficult.


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Give pessimistic outlooks on life!!!

A: Im having a barbecue next Saturday.

B: It wontbe much fun unless the weather improves.

A: Were going to have a big party at the end of term.

B: Yes, but what willyou do if nobody wants to come?

1. Im taking my driving test next Friday, and my instructor says hes sure that Ill pass.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Im really excited. My father got a good job in Australia and were moving there nextmonth.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. My brother really pleased. He got an interview for a job with a film company next week.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Ive had some great news. Im going on a sailing holiday this autumn.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Ive found a second-hand car to buy and its really cheap, too.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Oh, but what will you do if your car breaks down?

Really! What will happen if your father is ill?

Interesting, but it wont be good if the company changes their mind.

Yes, it wont be great unless you have enough money.

Congratulation, remember to take the chance as quickly as possible in case thecars owner changes his mind.


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1. If I had her number I would give it to you.

2. I would change the laws if I were the Prime Minister.

3. you would have a lot more money if you didnt spendso much on clothes.

4. I would apply for that job if I could speak Italian.

Crazy.


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IF I WERE FLOWER I WOULD BE SUNFLOWER

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