enriched in mannoheptulose as a calorie r estriction mimetic · t err rab iologicals , ll c* ww w...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Enriched in Mannoheptulose as a Calorie R estriction Mimetic · T err raB iologicals , LL C* ww w .benagene.o rg T err aPharma , I nc. ww w .pharmater r a.com. Calorie Restriction](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042318/5f076f007e708231d41cf5e5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
.D.hP ,margnI .K dlanoD lanoitirtuN ,rosseforP gnigA dna ecneicsorueN yrotarobaL
notgninneP retneC hcraeseR lacidemoiBmetsyS ytisrevinU etatS anaisiuoL
anaisiuoL ,eguoR notaB , ASU
,tnatlusnoC :SERUSOLCSID ;elbmaG & rotcorP ,redloherahS ecneicSoreG , .cnI cnI .
tcartxE odacovA na fo tnempoleveD ni dehcirnE esolutpehonnaM a sa
noitcirtseR eirolaC citemiM
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noitseuQ giB ehT
2
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!oN ti wols nac ew ,tuB
.tib doog a nwod 3
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:elpicnirP gnidiuGnoN ,tsuboR tsoM eht si noitcirtseR eirolaC - snaeM citeneG
dna napsefiL esaercnI ot napshtlaeH .
4
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shtnom ni EGA
morf detpadA hcurdnieW 9791 ,.la te
sromuT - lortnoCsromuT - RC
sa noitcirtseR eirolaC fo noitartsnomeD tsuboR
detalupinaM eb naC gnigA woH .
5
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RC fo serutaeF rojaMega fo tesno deyaled dna ecnedicni decudeR -
,recnac ,esaesid traeh gnidulcni ,sesaesid detalersesaesid evitarenegedoruen dna ,setebaid
decuder ,noitcnuf enummi devorpmI dna ,ecnatsiser sserts desaercni ,noitammalfni
efil ni retal ecnamrofrep laroivaheb retteb
6
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RC yrev sahstceffe tsubor
no dna napsefilnapshtlaeh .
? ?
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seidutS RC namuH dednuF AIN
retneC hcraeseR lacidemoiB notgninnePytisrevinU notgnihsaW
ytisrevinU stfuT
fo stceffE mreT gnoL eht fo tnemssessA evisneherpmoC ehT)EIRELAC( ygrenE fo ekatnI gnicudeR
8
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won saw xR RC eht fi nevE:noitseuq eht sgeb ti ,niatrec
od uoy dluoC ti?tnemnorivne hcir eirolac ruo ni
hsifwarC delioB hsiftaC deirF gnidduP daerB
enisiuC anaisiuoL
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noitseuQ evitanretlA ehT
poleved ew naC taht stnemtaert gniga wols gnikcimim yb eht laicifeneb fo stceffe htlaeh
noitcirtser eirolac gnitae ni egnahc a gniriuqer tuohtiw ?stibah
01
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,naciremA cifitneicS 42 :782 - 2002 ,92
11
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ehT fo tpecnoC RC scitemiM si decudortnI
itnA fo lanruoJ - 723 :1 enicideM gnigA - 8991 ,733
RC fo stceffe cilobatem niatrec cimiM edivorp dna syawhtap esnopser sserts etavitcA
noitcetorp ssertsekatni doof ecuder yltnacifingis ton oD
dna ytivegnol ecudorP napshtlaeh RC fo stceffeega fo noitcuder gnidulcni - esaesid detaler
,DVC( setebaid ,recnac .)
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2- GD
ygetartS : 2 esU - esoculgyxoed sa fo rotibihni evititepmoc a
ralullec msilobatem esoculg
2- esoculgyxoed
2- 6 esoculgyxoed - etahpsohp
2- esotcurf esoculgyxoed -6- etahpsohp
PTA
esaremosi esoculgohpsohP
esoculGretropsnarT
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evitavonnI ygetartS)sisylocylg( msilobatem esoculg tegraT
lleC
esoculg
!teid a no llec eht tup ,tceffe nI
41
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seidutS tnedoR ni stceffE GD2 fo yrammuS
erusserp doolb dna ,etar traeh ,erutarepmet ydob decudeRslevel nilusni amsalp decudeR
slevel esoculg amsalp ni noitcuder tsedom ro oNthgiew ydob dna ekatni doof ni noitcuder tsedom decudorP
yticixot laroivaheb tnerappa on daH tsniaga detcetorP yticixototicxe yb ciniak dica
yticixot PTPM tsniaga detcetorPekorts cimehcsi tsniaga detcetorP
detalugerpU 87PRG ;07PSH niarbdetalugerpU FNDB
ezis dna tesno romut decudeRYTICIXOT CAIDRAC DECUDORP TUB
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setisbeW hcetoiB fo hcraeseR ni degagnE seinapmoC noitcirtseR eirolaC no scitemiM
* tekraM eht no stcudorP htiW________________________________________________________________
emaN ynapmoC etisbeW________________________________________________________________
slacituecamrahP rekramoiB mth.emoh/lmth/moc.cnirekramoib.wwwnegonorhC negonorhc.www - moc.cni
rexilE slacituecamrahP moc.mrahprixile.wwwnirixilE *noitaroproC moc.nirixile.www
*hcraeseR avoNoreG moc.avonoreg.wwwyrevocsidoiB uzarI ten.yrevocsidoibuzari.www
*nonevuJ moc.nonevuj.www seigolonhceT neGefiL moc.hcetnegefil.www
*noitadnuoF noisnetxE efiL gro.fel.wwwslacituecamrahP sirtriS moc.amrahpsirtris.www
slacigoloiBarrreT *CLL , gro.eneganeb.wwwamrahParreT .cnI , moc.arretamrahp.www
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eirolaC noitcirtseR alumroF citemiM sedulcni lortarevser , eneblitsoretp ,nitecreuq dees eparg , slonehpylop ,
ot tcartxe aet kcalb dna neve edivorp noisserpxe eneg murtceps redaorb
.dnuopmoc lanoitirtun eno ni troppus ot nwohs neeb evah stneirtun esehT ni stceffe emas eht fo ynam etareneg
,noitcirtser cirolac sa ydob eht yrateid tnacifingis tuohtiw
pleh yeht ,ralucitrap nI .noitacifidom elbarovaf s’noitcirtser cirolac cimim
eht ecneulfni taht seneg no tcapmi .ssecorp gniga
71
noitcirtseR eirolaC scitemiM eradetekram gnieb yltnerruc
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noitcirtseR eirolaC etadidnaC scitemiMetadidnaC noitcA fo edoM
lortarevseR eneg 1TRIS etavitcAniutriS )sCATS( sdnuopmoC gnitavitcA etavitcA 1TRIS eneg
nimrofteM rezitisnes rotpecer nilusnInidanaxE ( editanaxe nogaculG ) - ekil p rotaludom editpe
nitcenopidA enikopiLnicymapaR ROTm tsinogatna
etatecaolaxO etaidemretni elcyc dica cirtiCetarticyxordyH stibihnI etarticosi esayl )noitisoped taf(edisomenmyG stibiihnI noitprosba esoculg
etatecaodoI enietsyc stibihnI esaditipep )esoculg ecuder(2- esoculgyxoed rotibihni citylocylg
esolutpehonnaM rotibihni citylocylg
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sirtriS ™slacituecamrahP si )TRIS :QADSAN( lacituecamrahpoib a yllaro ,yrateirporp gnipoleved dna gnirevocsid no desucof ynapmoc sesaesid taert ot laitnetop eht htiw sgurd elucelom llams ,elbaliava 2 epyT sa hcus sesaesid cilobatem gnidulcni ,gniga htiw detaicossa
.setebaiD niatrec cimim ot dengised era setadidnac gurd ruO a gniriuqer tuohtiw ,noitcirtser eirolac fo stceffe htlaeh laicifeneb
,stibah gnitae ni egnahc fo noitavitca yb sniutris yltnecer a , ehT .ssecorp gniga eht lortnoc taht semyzne fo ssalc derevocsid
.sttesuhcassaM ,egdirbmaC ni era sretrauqdaeh s'ynapmoc
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lortarevseR itna( nixelaotyhp cilonehpylop a si - .)dnuopmoc lagnuf.eneblits fo evitavired a ,dioneblis a si tI
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?maertsnwoD rO
?maertspu gnikooL
12
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:HM esolutpehonnaM
sisylocylG yawhtaP
22
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morf devired ragus A sa odacova epirnu
citemim RC a
esolutpehonnam
8.040.611.1)%( HM
5.58.012.12)%( taF
4.214.88.0)%( hsA
9.48.21.1)%( nietorP
2 tcartxE1 tcartxEodacovA ssaH
8.040.611.1)%( HM
5.58.012.12)%( taF
4.214.88.0)%( hsA
9.48.21.1)%( nietorP
2 tcartxE1 tcartxEodacovA ssaH odacovA saaH
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syaD ni egA
desaercnI snoitartnecnoc owt ta sperp odacova edurc def seilf tiurf fo lavivrus.)021=n( .thgiew yb
0
02
04
06
08
001
021
4 8 21 61 02 42 82 23 43 83 24 44 84 25 450
02
04
06
08
001
021
4 8 21 61 02 42 82 23 43 83 24 44 84 25 45
skeew ni egA
lortnoC
%5.0
%0.2
lavivruS tnecreP
noitaraperP odacovA edurC I sesaercn L napsefi
ylF tiurF eht ni
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amsalP teid lortnoc def ecim .sv tcartxe vA htiw detnemelppus teid def ecim J6/LB75C elam ni HM
0
5
01
51
02
52
03
53
NOC tcartxE vA tcartxE vA NOC
lm/g
m noitartnecnoC
HM
tcartxE vA NOC
era eciM nehw doolB eht otni debrosbA si HM
tcartxE odacovA deF
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.4 erugiF def ecim .sv tcartxe vA htiw detnemelppus teid def ecim J6/LB75C elam ni HM amsalPteid lortnoc
0
5
01
51
02
52
03
53
NOC tcartxE vA tcartxE vA NOC
lm/g
m noitartnecnoC
HM
tcartxE vA NOC
.E .tcartxe vA htiw teid def ecim ni noitprosba HM ssaM elam ni HM amsalp elbarusaem dewohs sisylana cipocsortceps
%61( tcartxe vA gniniatnoc teid a no om 9 gniwollof ecim J6/LB75C .gk/gm 0071 yletamixorppa fo esod HM a dedivorp taht )HM
( )4 erugiF .
fo ytivitcA esanikoxeH IIelcsuM esuoM ni
- EvA EvA+540.0
050.0
550.0
060.0
560.0
puorG teiD
)lm/
U( ytivitcA
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.5 erugiF
B . :esoculg doolB tnacifingisnilusni - noitcuder decudni
)8=n( tcartxe vA htiw
.A :thgiew ydoB htiw tceffe tnacifingis on
.)03=n( tcartxe vA
lortnoC
vA
040506070809001011021
0 51 03 06 09nim ni emiT
Ld/gm esoculG
05
015102
5203
5304
smarg
lortnoC
vA
teiD no shtnoM1 3 5 7
A
B
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selameF & selaM
0 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 00010010203040506070809001011
HINMFE
evilA syaD
lavivrus tnecreP
selaM
0 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 00010010203040506070809001011
HINMFE
evilA syaD
lavivrus tnecreP
selameF
0 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 00010010203040506070809001011
HINMFE
evilA syaD
lavivrus tnecreP
MFE HIN naideM 686 245
lamixaM 529 088 1162..0<P )knar-gol( llarevO
MFE HIN naideM 326 784
lamixaM 278 )evila 2( 529 2323.0<P )knar gol( llarevO
MFE HIN naideM 217 216
lamixaM 458 5780077.0<P )knar-gol( llarevO
60-4-21 EVILA LLITSselaM HIN 0
MFE 2selameF HIN 0
MFE 0
fo napsefiL naideM ni esaercnI tnacifingiS* 011 syad
tnacifingiS oN sceffE napsefiL mumixaM no
dehcirne HM fo tceffE XvA napsefiL noecim JeH3C elamef ni
03=n ;gk/gm 0071
gk/gm 051~ esoD tnelaviuqE namuH
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thgieW ydoB
51025203530454055506
yaM-2yaM-32
nuJ-31
luJ-4luJ-52
)%52( guA-51
)%57 ro 05( peS-5
)%57 ro 05( peS-62
tcO-71
voN-7voN-82
ceD-91
naJ-9naJ-03
esuoM/s
marG
lortnoC
HM+lortnoC
FH
HM+FH
hctiwS HM/FH
ni niaG thgieW ydoB no tcartxE odacovA fo stceffE ateiD - ledoM ytisebO decudnI
elaM( J6/LB75C )eciM
63 03 42 81 21 6 0
teiD no skeeW
)detarutasnu %06(
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yawhtap gnilangis nilusni eht sretla tcartxe vA ni HMsllec elcsum ni — gnaW .Z dna ulafeC .W morf atad
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sllec elcsum 6L ni noitadixo dica yttaf sesaercni tcartxe vA ni HM
gnaW .Z dna ulafeC .W morf ataD
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trohS fo yrammuS - gnisU seidutS esuoM mreTHM - tcartxE odacovA dehcirnE
stceffe esrevda on ,detarelot lleWekatni doof no stceffe oN
ytivitisnes nilusni devorpmIesoculg ni esaercni oN
itnA - stceffe ytisebosdipil doolb decudeR
itnA - stceffe s’remiehzlA
gnisU seidutS lleC ortiV nI fo yrammuSHM - tcartxE odacovA dehcirnE
RC lareves detceffA - syawhtap gnilangis detaler)KPMA( gnilangis nilusni)1TRIS( sesnopser sserts
1CGP( noitarefilorp lairdnohcotimnoitadixo dica yttaf
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enil lleC lortnoC HM - detaert noitibihni htworg %
thgieW romuT
amonicrac noloc namuh 251 93 23 51 97amonicrac reddalb namuh 6.4 4.0 6.1 3.0 56
amonicrac tar 534 38 663 85 61
( HM :etoN esolutpehonnam 31 n( star ot deretsinimda ) - noitcejni PI aiv )puorg rep 71( gk/gm 0071 .syad 5 rof )
star ni htworg romut tibihni HM fo snoitcejni PI
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HM eht fo noitaulavE - dehcirnEXvA sgoD ni
)sreveirteR rodarbaL(
G&P htiw noitaroballoc nI( eraCteP )
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sgod ni slevel nilusni gnitsaf tcartxe vA gniniatnoc teid fo tceffE
0
52
05
57
001
521
0 41 82 65
)lortnoC fo %( nilusnI
noC
lortnoC gk/gm1WB
gk/gm2WB
gk/gm02WB
*
vA
* *
slevel nilusni gnitsaf secuder tcartxe vAsgod ni
xoF dna sreveirteR rodarbaL gnuoY( )6=n ,sreirreT
NOCA Xv
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gk/gm 0 gk/gm 2 gk/gm 5
dlO
05
015102
520353
0454
0 5.0 0.1 5.1 0.2 5.2 0.3 5.3 0.4
tsoP emiT - )rH( gnideeF
tludA
0
5
01
51
02
52
03
0 5.0 0.1 5.1 0.2 5.2 0.3 5.3 0.4
SREVEIRTER RODARBAL
/UIµ( nilusnI
Lm
)
50.0<P ba
0
5
01
51
02
52
03
53
04
0 2 5
a
ba
b
gk/gm HM
/UIµ( nilusnI nae
ML
m)
NILUSNI NAEM — BAL DLO
sbaL ni esnopseR nilusnI amsalPlaeM a gniwolloF
RY 4~RY 21~
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noitammalfni cimetsySegA fo noitaunettA - PRC ni esaercnI detaleR
nietorP evitcaeR-C
0
5
01
51
02
52
0 6 21 81 42 03 63 24 45
tseT no htnoM
L/gm
abunakuE HM + abunakuE
50.<P01.<P
7 8 9 01 11egA naeM
lortnoC XvA
83
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93
gnoL morf gnigremE stluseR - fo ydutS mreT( tcartxE odacovA XvA ni teiD )HM gk/gm 2 :
sreveirteR yrotarobaLegA - ssam ydob nael ni enilced detaler
)AXED yb derusaem( def sgod ni detaunetta si XvA teid)ledom stceffe dexim(
teiD NOC
XvA )42=n( teiD
raeY s no ydutS
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)rewop( htgnerts elcsuM HM XvA ega sgod sa htgnerts elcsum secnahne
sgod regnuoY )sry 7 ot 5 :ega(stta
W ,htgnertS elcsuM
0 8 11 41 71 02 32 62 92 23TSET NO HTNOM
50.<P01.<P
0
001
002
003
004
005
006
sgod redlO )sry 11 ot 9 :ega(
`
sttaW ,htgnertS elcsu
M
0 22 52 82 13 43 73 04 34 64YDUTS NO HTNOM
0
001
002
003
004
005
006
00750.<P
abunakuE HM + abunakuE XvAlortnoC
04
)ledom stceffe dexim(
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HM gnisU seidutS goD fo yrammuS - dehcirnEtcartxE odacovA
stceffe esrevda on ,)gk/gm 2( detarelot lleWsraey lareves revo gnidnetxe gnideef htiw
gnoL - ytefas dewohs yduts ygolocixot mretekatni doof no stceffe oN
ytivitisnes nilusni devorpmIecnarelot esoculg devorpmI
noitammalfni fo srekram decudeRsserts evitadixo fo srekram decudeRecnamrofrep dna htgnerts devorpmI
14
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esolutpehonnaM :egatnavdA gnizamA s’odacovA
a si erehT lacituecartun !ereh ni meg
24
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noitcarf suoeuqa eht ni dehcirne sodacova epirnu fo tcartxe deredwop A2 fo esod tegrat a htiw )XVA( HM gniniatnoc - .gk/gm 02
A esuaceb SARG sa delebal eb dna PMG rednu derutcafunam eb dluoc tcudorp fo .doof a morf noitavired sti
a sa mrof eluspac a ni tcudorp siht tekram nac eW tnemelppus htlaeh lareneg a sa ro doof lacidem ni ytivitisnes nilusni gnivorpmi drawot detcerid
citebaiderp tcudorp eht tekram nac ew ro/dna ,stneitap B2B enibmoc ot .smialc htlaeh suoirav htiw stnemelppus htlaeh rieht rof stneidergni rehto htiw
eht gnicudorp rof sdohtem eht evah ew ,G&P yb noitcudorp tcudorp no desaB yllacificeps ,esirpretne laicremmoc a yb elacs ssam a no XVA nimeK htiw
51 morf HM fo sdleiy - .%04 fo puorg tnenimorp a htiw pihsnoitaler esolc a tliub evah ew ,noitidda nI
era ew rehtegot dna ,stsirutlucitroh dna sreworg odacova ainrofilaC HM fo sdohtem evitceffe tsoc dna tneiciffe erom gnirolpxe yltnerruc
esaercni nac taht sravitluc repaehc ,rehto derevocsid evah eW .noitcudorp3 ot pu dleiy HM - .odacova epirnu thgiew yb %4
W htiw gnidnatsrednu fo mudnaromem a evah e xamartuN gnimrifnoc sbaL .tem era airetirc ytefas niatrec ecno tcudorp a gnirutcafunam ni tseretni rieht
tcudorP laitinI desoporP
34
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?tekraM eht si ohW
eW yub ohw snosrep fo gnitegrat tenretni htiw ,llams ffo trats nacitna ylralucitrap ,stnemelppus htlaeh - .stnemelppus gniga
”htlaeh cilobatem“ ni detseretni esoht tegrat nac ew ,tnemelppus a sAitna“ dna - .stnemelppus gniga
itna ,htlaeh gnilles seinapmoc tegrat nac ew ,tcudorp B2B a sA -itna dna ,citebaid - .stnemelppus gniga
revo tegrat dluow ew ,doof lacidem a sA - ro thgiew citebaiderp .stluda cirtaidep egral a si ereht eveileb ew yllautneve ,doof lacidem a sA
ta nerdlihc rof tekram - setebaid dna ytisebo rof ksir — yletinifed dluow.mialc siht rof lairt lacinilc doog a deen
44
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stcatnoC laicnaniF/ssenisuB tnerruC
stcudorp tep fo tnempoleved rof tnemeergA esneciL tnetaP :G&P ,snoitacilppa tcudorp namuh ot sthgir lla SG nevig sah G&P :etoN tub
weN fo noitisiuqca 2102 fo esuaceb detseretni sniamer a ,retpahC.ynapmoc tnemelppus
xamartuN : stnemelppus tnioj fo retekram dna rerutcafunam rojaMnimeK : stneidergni doof fo reilppus dna rerutcafunam rojaM
tsafideM : ynapmoc noitirtun teid rojaMeMuN : tratS - ynapmoc sdoof lacidem pu
scigoloibarreT : tratS - RC fo retekram dna rerutcafunam pu scitemim :s’C4 tratS - gnirutcafunam no desucof hcetoib pu esolutpehonnam morf
stcudorp odacova :dnuF anaisiuoL ehT anaisiuoL - puorg CV desucof
ecruoS :latipaC puorg tnemtsevni legnA/CV lacoL54
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segnellahC ssenisuB
poleveD nalp tixe gnidulcni nalp ssenisub etelpmoc a eruceS gnidnuf eruceS ssenisub a rentrap
noitisop PI nehtgnerts dna yfidiloSFRBP ro CRBP yb noitisop pihsrenwo/elor no ediceD
segnellahC tcudorP
stsoc tnemerucorp ni kcol dna ylppus fo niahc eruceSsnalp noitcudorp eruces dna tcudorp fo epyt no ediceD
yrassecen fi enilno ffo trats nac…nalp gnitekram poleveD
laicnaniF segnellahC
rof dedeen sdnuF evloser ot seiduts lacinilcerp gnitcudnoc esod dna yticificeps noitca fo
roF yduts yticixot dna KP namuh gnitcudnoc roF ycaciffe namuh gnitcudnoc slairt
segnellahC ssenisuB tnerruC
64
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snoitisoP tnetaP
ecneicSoreG elpitlum sah sa delif snoitacilppa PI eht rof tnetap SU detnarg eno dna G&P htiw srentrap
doof tep ( noitacilppa )954,666,7 . erehT seitrap rehto ot detnarg stnetap rehto era
taht leef ew tub ,HM fo snoitacilppa emos gnidrager ni detnarg dna rof deilppa eb nac stnetap lanoitidda
.secaps rehto lareves eW dna sgnilif PI wen rof saedi fo rebmun a evah
tnempoleved tcudorp dna ygolonhcet lanoitidda .
74
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slairT lacinilC
lairT ytefaS/gnisoD :1 ydutS
,esebo yhtlaeh 8 :stcejbuS citebaidnon slaudividni12 sega ;selamef 4 ;selam 4( - 03 :IMB ;sry 14 - )53
XvA gk/gm 02,2,0 etamitse ot sesod gnitalacse ni eluspaC :yrevileD1 ta - slavretni keew
:stniopdnE ,)AXED( noitisopmoc ,ssam ydobygolotameh ,CBC ,C1A ,sdipil ,nilusni ,esoculg amsalp
eriannoitseuq yteitas dna ekatni doof
84
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slairT lacinilClairT ytefaS/ycaciffE :2 ydutS
,esebo yhtlaeh 23 :stcejbuS citebaidnon slaudividni12 sega ;selamef 61 ;selam 61( - 52 :IMB ;sry 15 - )03
elbuoD :ngiseD - 6 ,dellortnoc obecalp ,dnilb - stnemerusaeM ;yduts kw3 ,enilesab ta edam - 6 ,kw - kw
XvA )1 ydutS fo stluser morf denimreted( esod eno ni eluspaC :yrevileDtaeh( eluspac obecalp dna - detavitcani XvA ro ecno dereviled )
kw 6 rof )denimreted eb ot( yliad eciwt
:stniopdnE ,)AXED( noitisopmoc ,ssam ydobygolotameh ,CBC ,C1A ,sdipil ,nilusni ,esoculg amsalp
eriannoitseuq yteitas dna ekatni doof ot skeew 6 dna enilesab ta erudecorp pmalc esoculg
ytivitisnes nilusni erusaem94
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tnemelppus a teG ,tekram ot daor eht no doof lacidem ro ediced neht nwo rieht ni edulcni ot seinapmoc rehto ot XVA eht tekram ot rehtehw
itlum - .stcudorp tneidergni
wolloF - no pu taht stcudorp larutan rehto htiw XVA fo serutxim euqinu.PI lanoitidda edivorp dluow dna ycaciffe sti ecnahne thgim
foorp a sa XVA eht deweiv syawla evah eW - fo - ,elpicnirp zértne eht otni emocni ro tnemtsevni tneiciffus nevig ,revewoh ;tekram citemim RC
fo noitcudorp no saedi evah ew ,hcnual XVA lufsseccus a no desab.yalp lacituecamrahp a edivorp dluoc taht srotibihni citylocylg citehtnys
ygetarts tixe eht ,hcnual dna tnempoleved tcudorp lufsseccus dnoyeB lanoitirtun a ylekil ,reyub a dnif ot eb dluohs nalp ssenisub yna rof
.ynapmoc tnemelppus
snoitceriD erutuF
05
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erehw os ,yakO og ew nac ?ereh morf
15