entry friction analysis
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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January 31 2015copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Pipe Friction
Perf
oration Friction
NWB Friction or
Tortuosity
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
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52320031027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032
52320031033
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCasing Pressure (psi) Slurry Rate (bpm)A B
52320031027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032
52320031033
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCasing Pressure (psi) Slurry Rate (bpm)A B
BHTP= Pw + Ph ndash Pf BHTP= Pw + Ph ndash Pf
BHTP= Pw + PhBHTP= Pw + Ph
ritinritin
Friction pressure
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H$ ampynaic( ) $ + $h $- H$ ampynaic( ) $ + $h $-
H$ tatic( ) $ $( + $hH$ tatic( ) $ $( + $h
RC $R4RRC $R4R
H$H$ ) otto Hole reating $ressure) otto Hole reating $ressure$$ ) $ressure reading at the ellhead) $ressure reading at the ellhead
$h$h ) Hydrostatic $ressure) Hydrostatic $ressure
$- $- ) riction $ressure loss) riction $ressure loss
δδ hinhin ) iniu Hori6ontal tress) iniu Hori6ontal tress
mir h BHTP essure Net σ minus=
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5
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NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆7 otal riction7 otal riction
$7 $i8e riction$7 $i8e riction
$er-7 $er-oration riction$er-7 $er-oration riction
97 ear 9ellbore riction97 ear 9ellbore riction
Friction pressure
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Agenda
$i8e -riction
$er-oration -riction
ear ellbore -riction
te8 don analysis olutions to entry -riction
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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lt
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LETrsquoS T TE
AE
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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=
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PIPE FRICTION
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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gt
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Flow RegimeFlow RegimeN$E amp ( La)inar
N$E + ( Turbulent
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
0
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111213141516
17181920
20
10
40 60 80 1000 C O R R E C T I O
N F
A C T O R
PROPPANTCONCENTRATION
RheologyRheology $ro8 Concentration$ro8 Concentration
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
2
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ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
3
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Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
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Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
5
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-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
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1
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Proppant Concentration
1
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1
lt
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Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
gt
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Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
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2
0
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2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
1
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Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
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2
2
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Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
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2
3
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Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
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2
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Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
5
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$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
gt
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Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
0
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Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
1
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-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
2
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Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
3
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6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
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FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5
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Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
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ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
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Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
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Pipe Friction
Perf
oration Friction
NWB Friction or
Tortuosity
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
52320031027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032
52320031033
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCasing Pressure (psi) Slurry Rate (bpm)A B
52320031027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032
52320031033
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCasing Pressure (psi) Slurry Rate (bpm)A B
BHTP= Pw + Ph ndash Pf BHTP= Pw + Ph ndash Pf
BHTP= Pw + PhBHTP= Pw + Ph
ritinritin
Friction pressure
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H$ ampynaic( ) $ + $h $- H$ ampynaic( ) $ + $h $-
H$ tatic( ) $ $( + $hH$ tatic( ) $ $( + $h
RC $R4RRC $R4R
H$H$ ) otto Hole reating $ressure) otto Hole reating $ressure$$ ) $ressure reading at the ellhead) $ressure reading at the ellhead
$h$h ) Hydrostatic $ressure) Hydrostatic $ressure
$- $- ) riction $ressure loss) riction $ressure loss
δδ hinhin ) iniu Hori6ontal tress) iniu Hori6ontal tress
mir h BHTP essure Net σ minus=
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5
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NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆7 otal riction7 otal riction
$7 $i8e riction$7 $i8e riction
$er-7 $er-oration riction$er-7 $er-oration riction
97 ear 9ellbore riction97 ear 9ellbore riction
Friction pressure
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Agenda
$i8e -riction
$er-oration -riction
ear ellbore -riction
te8 don analysis olutions to entry -riction
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
LETrsquoS T TE
AE
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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=
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
PIPE FRICTION
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Flow RegimeFlow RegimeN$E amp ( La)inar
N$E + ( Turbulent
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
111213141516
17181920
20
10
40 60 80 1000 C O R R E C T I O
N F
A C T O R
PROPPANTCONCENTRATION
RheologyRheology $ro8 Concentration$ro8 Concentration
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
2
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ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
5
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-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
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1
lt
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Tubing s Casing
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1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
gt
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Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
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2
0
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2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
1
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Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
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2
2
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Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
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2
3
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Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
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2
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Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
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2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
gt
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Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
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3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
3
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6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
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3
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FracPro PT
3
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5
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Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
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TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
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ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
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Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
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9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
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52320031027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032
52320031033
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCasing Pressure (psi) Slurry Rate (bpm)A B
52320031027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032
52320031033
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCasing Pressure (psi) Slurry Rate (bpm)A B
BHTP= Pw + Ph ndash Pf BHTP= Pw + Ph ndash Pf
BHTP= Pw + PhBHTP= Pw + Ph
ritinritin
Friction pressure
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H$ ampynaic( ) $ + $h $- H$ ampynaic( ) $ + $h $-
H$ tatic( ) $ $( + $hH$ tatic( ) $ $( + $h
RC $R4RRC $R4R
H$H$ ) otto Hole reating $ressure) otto Hole reating $ressure$$ ) $ressure reading at the ellhead) $ressure reading at the ellhead
$h$h ) Hydrostatic $ressure) Hydrostatic $ressure
$- $- ) riction $ressure loss) riction $ressure loss
δδ hinhin ) iniu Hori6ontal tress) iniu Hori6ontal tress
mir h BHTP essure Net σ minus=
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NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆7 otal riction7 otal riction
$7 $i8e riction$7 $i8e riction
$er-7 $er-oration riction$er-7 $er-oration riction
97 ear 9ellbore riction97 ear 9ellbore riction
Friction pressure
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Agenda
$i8e -riction
$er-oration -riction
ear ellbore -riction
te8 don analysis olutions to entry -riction
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lt
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LETrsquoS T TE
AE
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=
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PIPE FRICTION
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gt
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Flow RegimeFlow RegimeN$E amp ( La)inar
N$E + ( Turbulent
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
0
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111213141516
17181920
20
10
40 60 80 1000 C O R R E C T I O
N F
A C T O R
PROPPANTCONCENTRATION
RheologyRheology $ro8 Concentration$ro8 Concentration
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
2
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ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
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Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1569
1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
0
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2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
1
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Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
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Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
H$ ampynaic( ) $ + $h $- H$ ampynaic( ) $ + $h $-
H$ tatic( ) $ $( + $hH$ tatic( ) $ $( + $h
RC $R4RRC $R4R
H$H$ ) otto Hole reating $ressure) otto Hole reating $ressure$$ ) $ressure reading at the ellhead) $ressure reading at the ellhead
$h$h ) Hydrostatic $ressure) Hydrostatic $ressure
$- $- ) riction $ressure loss) riction $ressure loss
δδ hinhin ) iniu Hori6ontal tress) iniu Hori6ontal tress
mir h BHTP essure Net σ minus=
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5
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NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆7 otal riction7 otal riction
$7 $i8e riction$7 $i8e riction
$er-7 $er-oration riction$er-7 $er-oration riction
97 ear 9ellbore riction97 ear 9ellbore riction
Friction pressure
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Agenda
$i8e -riction
$er-oration -riction
ear ellbore -riction
te8 don analysis olutions to entry -riction
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
LETrsquoS T TE
AE
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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=
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
PIPE FRICTION
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Flow RegimeFlow RegimeN$E amp ( La)inar
N$E + ( Turbulent
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
111213141516
17181920
20
10
40 60 80 1000 C O R R E C T I O
N F
A C T O R
PROPPANTCONCENTRATION
RheologyRheology $ro8 Concentration$ro8 Concentration
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1169
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1269
1
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
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Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆7 otal riction7 otal riction
$7 $i8e riction$7 $i8e riction
$er-7 $er-oration riction$er-7 $er-oration riction
97 ear 9ellbore riction97 ear 9ellbore riction
Friction pressure
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 669
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Agenda
$i8e -riction
$er-oration -riction
ear ellbore -riction
te8 don analysis olutions to entry -riction
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 769
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
LETrsquoS T TE
AE
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 869
=
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
PIPE FRICTION
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 969
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Flow RegimeFlow RegimeN$E amp ( La)inar
N$E + ( Turbulent
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1069
1
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
111213141516
17181920
20
10
40 60 80 1000 C O R R E C T I O
N F
A C T O R
PROPPANTCONCENTRATION
RheologyRheology $ro8 Concentration$ro8 Concentration
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1169
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1269
1
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1469
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1569
1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1669
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1769
1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1869
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 669
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Agenda
$i8e -riction
$er-oration -riction
ear ellbore -riction
te8 don analysis olutions to entry -riction
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 769
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
LETrsquoS T TE
AE
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 869
=
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
PIPE FRICTION
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 969
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Flow RegimeFlow RegimeN$E amp ( La)inar
N$E + ( Turbulent
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1069
1
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
111213141516
17181920
20
10
40 60 80 1000 C O R R E C T I O
N F
A C T O R
PROPPANTCONCENTRATION
RheologyRheology $ro8 Concentration$ro8 Concentration
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1169
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1269
1
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1469
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 769
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
LETrsquoS T TE
AE
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 869
=
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
PIPE FRICTION
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 969
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Flow RegimeFlow RegimeN$E amp ( La)inar
N$E + ( Turbulent
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1069
1
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
111213141516
17181920
20
10
40 60 80 1000 C O R R E C T I O
N F
A C T O R
PROPPANTCONCENTRATION
RheologyRheology $ro8 Concentration$ro8 Concentration
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1169
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1269
1
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1469
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1569
1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1669
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1769
1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1869
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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=
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
PIPE FRICTION
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Flow RegimeFlow RegimeN$E amp ( La)inar
N$E + ( Turbulent
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
111213141516
17181920
20
10
40 60 80 1000 C O R R E C T I O
N F
A C T O R
PROPPANTCONCENTRATION
RheologyRheology $ro8 Concentration$ro8 Concentration
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1169
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1269
1
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1569
1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1869
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 969
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Flow RegimeFlow RegimeN$E amp ( La)inar
N$E + ( Turbulent
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
111213141516
17181920
20
10
40 60 80 1000 C O R R E C T I O
N F
A C T O R
PROPPANTCONCENTRATION
RheologyRheology $ro8 Concentration$ro8 Concentration
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1169
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1269
1
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1569
1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1669
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1769
1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1869
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1069
1
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
111213141516
17181920
20
10
40 60 80 1000 C O R R E C T I O
N F
A C T O R
PROPPANTCONCENTRATION
RheologyRheology $ro8 Concentration$ro8 Concentration
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1169
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1269
1
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1469
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1569
1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1669
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1769
1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1869
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1169
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1269
1
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1269
1
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
ritin Pressure
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10 100
te bm
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
10
100
1000
1ressure
1
te
500
$1
3581
$4
8312
$4
1023
$2
2596
2
4225
Fluids Database ndash Halwin ampFluids Database ndash Halwin amp
Materials Library Materials Library
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1469
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1569
1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1669
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1769
1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1869
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1369
1
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients using -resh ater and ampelta10
Co8are tubing -riction 8ressuregradients varying 8ro88antconcentration in ampelta 10
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 varying inection 8athstubing and casing(
Co8are -riction 8ressure gradient o-ampelta 10 changing 8i8e roughness
ampouble the 8i8e roughness
Eercise
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1469
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1569
1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1669
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1769
1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1869
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1469
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Eercise $4
ampelta 10 and 200 Jordan and
ode) i8le
) ltlt
$ressure) 1000 8si
el Conc)25 lbgal
Hydration tie) 02 hr
ubing amp) 21 in
Casing amp) gt5 in
Absolute Roughness) 0000lt00lt=lt in
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1569
1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1669
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1769
1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1869
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-elta + s Fres0 Water
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Proppant Concentration
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
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FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5
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Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1769
1
lt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Tubing s Casing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1869
1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
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2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 1969
1
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Pipe friction 1 Su))ary
urbulent lo
Bainar lo
igger 8i8e
Higher Roughness
Higher $ro88ant
Concentration
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2069
2
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2169
2
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction
ampissi8ation o- inetic energy
lo area reduction
High velocity
$er-oration si6e
luid 8ro8erties
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2269
2
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation para)eters
ntryHole ampiaeter Hamp(
hot ampensity
un $hasing D eoetry
9ell Condition ampischarge Coe--icient
2 3Prop4 5
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2369
2
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Entry 0ole dia)eter
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2469
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Cd ) Ratio o- the
diaeter o- the -luid at
the vena contracta to thediaeter o- the
8er-oration
-isc0arge coefficient
Dp = Diameter of the perforation
Dv = Diameter of the vena contracta
Cd
2
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2569
2
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
$er-orationEs e--iciency to let -luid
8ass through
ampe8endent on erosion rate
Felocity
$er-oration si6e
and Concentration
05 05 original Cd
0= 0gt5 a-ter and Baden luids
ere 8u8ed
-isc0arge coefficient
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2669
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ =
2422370
C D N k
p
pf
ρ = ρ
N p D
C
Fluid density (lbgal))Fluid density (lbgal))
Number of perforationsNumber of perforations
Entry Hole Diameter (in)Entry Hole Diameter (in)
Disarge oeffiientDisarge oeffiient
olumetri $ate (bblmin)olumetri $ate (bblmin)q
f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2769
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
Pefratin ritin $
Assume C= amp
lot erf frition s $ate + + amp -+ bpm
qk p i pf pf
2cong∆
P f i f i i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2869
Perfratin fritinPerfratin fritin
2
P f i f i i d l
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 2969
2
gt
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3069
3
0
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Perforation friction1 odels
ampe-ault Correlation
Binear el Correlation
GBin el Correlation
erf F ndependent of spaingamp ressure inside Frature
dependent of isosity amp
erf diameter
Eess pressure due to0isoelasti state of 1lin2edfluids
C
xs p∆
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3169
3
1
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
-efault correlation
C= amp ppss= =
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf
C nD
q p ρ
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3269
3
2
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Linear correlation
402210
1
minus=
minus
a
d
eC micro
2
22370
=∆
d p
pf C nD
q p ρ
ps= ps=
( )151147880 minus=
n
a k micro
3
6li k l l ti
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3369
3
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
6link gel correlation
60
761250
1
minus=
minus
d a
eC micro
2
22370
+∆=∆d p
xs pf C nD
q p p ρ
153
31 minus=∆ minus d
ea xs p micro
3
F P PT
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3469
3
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
FracPro PT
3
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3569
5
copy 2005 Halliburton All Rights Reserved
Near Wellbore Frictionor Tortuosity
i
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3669
TrtusityTrtusity
Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2Hydrauli fratures grow perpendiular to te least priniple ro2
stressesstresses
mi m
Frature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field leastFrature initiation may not be perpendiular to te far3field least
prinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforationprinipal stress due to drilling indued stress anges perforation
orientation etorientation et
m
mi
T t itT t it
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3769
TrtusityTrtusity
Laminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel inLaminar flow of fluid troug a narrow annel in
te pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tatte pressure sensiti0e near3wellbore region tat
onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)onnets te wellbore to te far3field frature (s)
δδminmin
gtgtgtδgtgtgtδminmin
Prpamp
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3869
PhasingPhasing
Ph iPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 3969
PhasingPhasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4069
amp
7
7
17 amp 8 + 7 2 9
B$EAlt-WN W=-T FgtNCT=N
B
r e a k d o w n
P r e r e
$
amp $ d ( )
n $ o n d r $ n +
) r a r e - e n $ o n
An+e eween Perora$on and )rare Pane
3000
2000
4000
5000
6000
Phasing
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4169
$$-- --$$--
Fracture -irection
Phasing
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4269
ultiple fraturesultiple fratures
4ypially aused by te absene of differentialstress in te formation and may be loated in tenear3wellbore region as well as se0eral undred
feet out into te frature
δδminmin
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4369
5 $edued indi0idual frature widt$edued indi0idual frature widt
3inreased sreen3out potential3inreased sreen3out potential5 nreased lea2off 3 lower effiienynreased lea2off 3 lower effiieny
5 $edued frature lengt$edued frature lengt
5 Higer net treating pressureHiger net treating pressure
5 Less onfinementLess onfinement
5 Higer frature onduti0ity lose to teHiger frature onduti0ity lose to te
wellwell
Cnse0uenes f ultiple raturesCnse0uenes f ultiple ratures
1 llb f i ti1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4469
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
1ear 2ellbre ritin $
Assume 3nwf = $
lot $ate s N6F + + amp -+ bpm
qk pinwf nwf
50cong∆
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4569
1ear wellbre fritin1ear wellbre fritin
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4669
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4769
2hy is he late52hy is he late5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
NWF PerfF PF TF P P P P ∆+∆+∆=∆
Stimwin 6atamp 7ibrary
4ntry ritin
How to differentiate between perforation frition and NearHow to differentiate between perforation frition and Near
wellbore frition7wellbore frition7
4nt itin4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
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hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
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San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4869
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
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Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
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dro88ing the inection rate in
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geoetry
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gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
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gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
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Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
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directionI
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
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91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 4969
4ntry ritin4ntry ritin
B N
W B F
r i c t i o n P
r e s s u r e
Tortuosity
Perforation Friction
Pu)p $ate
2Q K P perf perf =∆
50Q K P tort tort =∆
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
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Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
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Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5069
Step 8wn TestsStep 8wn Tests nect -luid ith coon
8ro8erties
$er-ored by ra8idly
dro88ing the inection rate in
ste8sI
ust be su--iciently uic to
avoid changes in -racture
geoetry
est i- done ith botto hole
gauges
Ti)e
Pu)p
$ate
Well0ead Pressure
Step1-on Test
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
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Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
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Near ellbore Screen ut7
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5169
Miirc -te o Test
10102002091340 091400 091420 091440 091500 091520 091540 091600
10102002091620
3000
3250
3500
3750
4000
4250
4500
4750
5000
5250
5500
A
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BCsi ressure si -urr) te bm Auus ressure siA B A
54321
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
lt-lt
gtet1
gtet2
gtet3
gtet4
Step 9wn testStep 9wn test
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
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directionI
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9idth liitation
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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
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Near ellbore Screen ut7
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5269
Step 9wn se0ueneStep 9wn se0uene
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5369
9 lui9 4ntry9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5469
Restrite9 lui9 4ntryRestrite9 lui9 4ntry
TI
PumpRate
Wellhead Pressure
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
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Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5569
2ater Hammer2ater Hammer
Oscillatory pressureresponse to a suddenchange in rate
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
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ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5669
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
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Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5769
Perfratin fritin 9minate9Perfratin fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
ource7 $ 8a8er 2gtgt=gt by CA 9right et al
1earltwellbre fritin 9minate91earltwellbre fritin 9minate9
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5869
1ear wellbre fritin 9minate91ear wellbre fritin 9minate9
regimeregime
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
mpliatins f entry fritinmpliatins f entry fritin
ampi--icult -racture initiation
racture nitiation ay not occur in the right
directionI
8tiu 8er-orating design can be di--icult
9idth liitation
et $ressure achieveent
$reature creen uts
Sreen utSreen ut
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
Sreen utSreen utJob -ummr)
91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 5969
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1000
2000
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4000
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6000
7000
8000
9000
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10
20
30
40
50
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2
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Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6069
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91120040910 0920 0930 0940 0950 1000
91120041010
Time
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
B
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
C
Treti ressure si-urr) te bm-urr) rot Coc b
Bottom=oe rot Coc bBcsigte ressure si
ABC
CA
8654321
11109876
5
4
Frature
6idt
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6169
Sreen ut typesSreen ut types
86
987
50
T
P r e s s u r e
Near ellbore Screen ut7
$ressure -all don ra8idly
a-ter shut in
4neven $ro88ant distribution
Tip Screen ut7
$ressure -all gradually
ven $ro88ant distribution
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6269
Re9uing 4ntry ritinRe9uing 4ntry ritin
Acid brea don
ampiverting agents
$er-oration -or tiulation
and lugs
High Fiscosity el 8ills
Rate schedule
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
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500 to 3000 gallons
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892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6369
8igterting agents8igterting agents
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6469
8igterting agents8igterting agents
all ealers
e8orary ridging
Agents
Fiscous els
oas
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6569
Perfratin fr stimulatinPerfratin fr stimulatin
$er-oration Conditions
eoetry
hot density
$in $oint tiulation
Biited ntry
4nder balance A88lications
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6669
San9 slugsSan9 slugs
100 esh and
3050 auKite
ore Coon $ro88ants 05 to 3 88g
500 to 5000 gallons
el pillsel pills
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6769
el pillsel pills
ain rac luid ty8ically
nected at -ull treatent rate
500 to 3000 gallons
$reliinary or reedial
Cou8led ood $er-orating echniues
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6869
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5
892019 Entry Friction Analysis
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullentry-friction-analysis 6969
2hat 9 yu thin52hat 9 yu thin5