WELCOME

TOPIC-ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES

WHAT ARE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES

Environmental change is defined as the change or disturbance of the environment caused by human influences or natural ecological processes. Environmental change includes a number of things like natural disasters, human interference and animal interaction.

?

CAUSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL

CHANGESEnvironmental changes occur in a number of ways like-PollutionDeforestation

Volcanic EruptionGlobal Warming

DEFORESTATION

Deforestation  is the permanent destruction of forests in order to make the land available for other uses like farming construction of buildings factories, houses, etc..

An estimated 18 million acres (7.3 million hectares) of forest are lost each year.

GLOBAL WARMING

Global Warming is the increase of Earth's surface

temperature due to greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels,

which trap heat that would otherwise escape from Earth.

Some International Conventions

On Environment CBD-Convention on Biological DiversityUNFCCC-United Nations

Framework Convention on Climate Change UNCCD-The United Nations

Convention to Combat DesertificationRamsar Convention on Wetlands Convention on Conservation of

Migratory Species of Wild Animals

SIMPLE WAYS TO CONTROL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES

Try to walk or use bicycle instead of cars.Use compact fluorescents or LEDs instead of light bulbs.

Use renewable sources of energy.Buy organic food, not frozen food.Decompose the kitchen waste.

Reduce the use of flying vehicles

as much as possible

The Environment Agency is a non-departmental public body.It was established in 1996. Its stated purpose is, "to protect or enhance the environment, taken as a whole" so as to promote "the objective of achieving sustainable development ". The vision of the Agency is of "a rich, healthy and diverse environment for present and future generations".

• Environment Protection Act, 1986 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted under Article 253 of the Constitution. It came into force on 19th November 1986. The purpose of the Act is to implement the decisions of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environments .

IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL

CHANGES ON FARMING! Sudden change in temperature and rainfall affects crop production

! Environmental changes decrease the fertility of soil, thus, reducing crop yield

! Untimely rains cause drought which destroys the crop

! Relief features like plains and mountains also get changed with environment which has adverse effect on crops

CHANGES IN WHEAT PRODUCTION

A Case StudyOne-third of India’s wheat production comes from U.P. But a great loss of crops occurred there due to rise of temperature. This forced many farmers to commit suicide. The rise of temperature of only 1oC can decrease crop yield by 6%. Worldwide, 6% of total wheat production means 42 million tonnes, which gets lost due to environmental changes.

1960 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005 20140

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000WHEAT PR...

Years

Whe

at P

rodu

ctio

n(in

100

0 to

nnes

)WHEAT PRODUCTION IN INDIA

YEAR WHEAT PRODUCTION

1960 103201965 122581975 241041985 440691995 654702005 686402014 95850

IMPORT AND EXPORT OF WHEAT

1960

1965

1975

1985

1995

2005

2014

010002000300040005000600070008000

4398

71576900

50 50 41 450 0 0 4001500

801

3500IMPORTEXPORT

Years

Impo

rt/E

xpor

t (i

n 10

00

tonn

es)

IMPORT AND EXPORT OF WHEATYEAR IMPORT

1960 4398

1965 7157

1975 6900

1985 50

1995 50

2005 41

2014 45

YEAR EXPORT

1960 0

1965 0

1975 0

1985 400

1995 1500

2005 801

2014 3500

Wastage Of Wheat Production

In India, 21 million tonnes of wheat, which is equal to the entire production of Australia, is lost every year.

Globally, 4 billion tonnes of food is produced out of which 30-50 per cent (1.2-2 billion tonnes) is wasted, whereas 6 billion people can feed on 2-2.8 billion tonnes of food.

Causes Of Wastage Of Wheat

Poor Engineering Poor Agricultural PracticesPoor Harvesting MethodsInadequate TransportInadequate StoragePoor Distribution SystemVery High

TemperaturesRodents

PREPARED

BY-RAHUL SINGLA

ROLL NO- 30CLASS- 9TH B-1