environmental monitoring report 2862/63/64-ban(sf ......environmental monitoring report project...
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Environmental Monitoring Report
Project Number: 42169-013 Annual Report November 2015
2862/63/64-BAN(SF): Greater Dhaka Sustainable
Urban Transport Project
Prepared by Roads and Highways Department (RHD) for the People’s Republic of Bangladesh
and the Asian Development Bank.
This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh
Ministry of Road Transport and Bridges
Road Transport and Highways Division
Roads and Highways Department
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT
of
GREATER DHAKA SUSTAINABLE URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECT (BRT, GAZIPUR-
AIRPORT)
(ADB Loan No-2862/2863/2864/0287-BAN)
Office of the Project Director
GDSUTP (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
House # 04, Road # 21
Sector# 04, Uttara
Dhaka-1230
E-mail: [email protected]
November 2015
Submitted to:
Asian Development bank
1 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Project
The Government of Bangladesh has received ADB assistance to finance the first section of the north-south
bus rapid transit corridor from Gazipur to Uttara (near the airport). The 20 km BRT will connect to the BRT
corridor to be implemented with World Bank assistance leading to a 40 km mass-transit corridor from
Gazipur to Dhaka city centre.
Purpose of the Report
The environmental impact assessment (EIA) and this subsequent Environmental Monitoring Report is part
of the process of compliance with the Government of Bangladesh and ADB guidelines in relation to Road
Improvement Project under Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur-Airport).
The EIA provides a road map to the environmental measures needed to prevent and/or mitigate negative
environmental effects associated with the development project. The EIA also provides a detailed description
of the direct and indirect environmental effects associated with the proposed project during key periods of
work.
Significant Findings
Anticipated environmental impacts: It has been recognized that the most efficient and cost-effective way
to ensure environmentally sound construction and operation of a project is to include environmental
safeguard requirements in the construction contract. In order to formulate practical safeguards environmental
impacts were identified in the EIA process. A summary of the environmental impacts and mitigation
measures are presented below.
Climate Change: Impact- Climate change will impact water levels of rivers and other water bodies both in
magnitude and frequency as a secondary effect. Mitigation- Additional road height, culverts and bridge
clearance will be required to combat climate change impacts.
Topography: Impact-. If not selected and managed carefully, the borrow pits can lead to degradation of
agricultural land. Mitigation- Borrow pits will be located in suitable fallow land or private land with
concurrence of landowner, with agreed borrow pit rehabilitation plan.
Removal of Trees: Impact- Implementation of the project, particularly during the pre-construction, stage
will require removal of 4716 big and small trees of different species along the project alignment and bus
depot area. Mitigation-. Based on the Tree Planting Guidelines, presented as Annex 5, a tree-cutting and
replanting plan (TCRP) will be prepared by the RHD in consultation with the Forest Department and EPCM
Consultants.
Land Acquisition: Impact- One of the major project related impacts will be additional land acquisition for
the RoW that will cause adverse impacts on the affected residents of the project area. Mitigation- Restricting
land acquisition to the bare minimum required and developing proper and judicious compensation package
for project affected persons (PAPs) and affecting compensation prior to start of construction.
Educational Institution, Places of Worship and Culturally Sensitive Structures: Impact- There is a few
educational, religious, and cultural sites that may be directly and indirectly affected by the project activities
the monument “Jagroto Chowrongi’ will also be affected. Mitigation- the RAP will include provision for
allocating financial resources for rehabilitation of the educational institutions and the religious structures that
2 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
will be affected. The monument will be dismantled with care and installed in an appropriate location
selected by DC, Gazipur.
Public Utilities: Impact- Project activities may affect public utilities causing disruption of public services
and inconvenience to local residents. Mitigation- Provision for relocating the existing utility infrastructure
wherever required and relocation to be completed before start of construction.
The Bridge Site: Impact- In pre-construction phase the major impacts are, deterioration of water quality
during boring; generation of noise and vibration during geotechnical investigation; and interruption of river
flow due to soil investigation; Mitigation- The boring sites will be separated with partitions thus ensuring
minimum contamination of river water. Investigation will be carried out with mitigation measures to
minimize the impacts.
The Airport and Gazipur Terminal Sites: Impact- Apart from interruptions to utility services the main
impact will be disruption of traffic. Mitigation- Utility services will have to be relocated well ahead of the
construction services with notice to consumers. Alternative routes will have to be included in the Traffic
Management Plan to allow for through traffic and traffic to Airport.
The Gazipur Bus Depot: Impact- The impacts are the relocation of the household in the land and loss of
retention area and connectivity to other pond areas and paddy land. Further, around 586 trees will have to be
removed. Mitigation- Canals will have to be provided to facilitate flows in the pond system to ensure flow of
water to other ponds in the area of which a part is to be filled. Additional pond area will have to be provided
to compensate loss of retention area. The family to be relocated will have to be included in the Resettlement
Action Plan and the loss of trees will be compensated with planting and replacement of tree program
provided under the TCRP/EMP.
Top Soil: Impact- The potential impacts are removal of top soil for construction and construction related
activities. Mitigation- Mitigation include, stockpiles to be of 2:1 slope to reduce surface runoff and enhance
percolation, locating topsoil stockpiles in areas outside of drainage lines and constructing diversion channels
and silt fences.
Air Quality and Dust: Impact- Pollutants of primary concern include Total Suspended Particulate matter
(TSP) and Particulate Matter (PM10). Localized emissions are also anticipated from hot mix plants and
batching plants. Whereas the coarse particle will settle down in close vicinity the smaller particles will
spread out to surrounding areas. Mitigation- The stockpiles of construction material will be sprinkled with
water. Water should be sprayed at asphalt mixing site and temporary service and access roads. After
compacting, water should be sprayed on the earthwork regularly to prevent dust. Construction equipment
will be maintained to a good standard and idling of engines should be discouraged. Machinery causing
excessive pollution (e.g. visible clouds of smoke) will be banned from construction sites. The Contractor(s)
will submit a dust suppression program to EPCM Consultants prior to start of construction.
Noise and Vibration: Impact- During construction, noise is likely to be generated from site clearing,
excavation, concrete mixing, crushers, piling for bridge and flyovers construction. Vibrations caused by
movements of heavy construction equipment, pile driving operations, operation of crushing and aggregating
plants will disturb the local residents unless operation times are fixed by discussing with local
representatives. The vibration caused by some of the construction activities such as the roller compaction of
the embankment, movement of heavy material transport vehicles, driving of piles and erection of bridges
may be detrimental to the neighboring structures. Mitigation- Selection of latest equipment and plant with
reduced noise levels, suitable in-built damping techniques and appropriate muffling devices. All powered
mechanical equipment and machinery will be fitted with noise abating gear such as mufflers for effective
sound reducing, in full compliance with the DoE regulations. Precaution will be taken to minimize vibration
3 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
and the resulting impact. Noise and vibration monitoring will be carried out as per the proposed monitoring
plan.
Surface Water: Impact- Increase in Total Suspended Solids (TSS) level in river water and surface water
contamination in the open water bodies in the vicinity of construction sites and camps are the potential
impacts. Mitigation- Proper construction management including, training of operators and other workers will
be ensured to avoid pollution of water bodies by the operation of construction machinery and equipment.
Temporary construction facilities including pre-casting sites and material stockpiles will be located at least
50 m away from water bodies. Disposal of wash water, solid waste as discarded packing etc., waste from
concrete agitator cleaning operations and excavated material on water bodies adjacent to or in the vicinity of
the sites will be avoided.
Groundwater: Impact- Uncontrolled extraction of water may affect availability of water to local
communities. In addition, construction waste, if left unattended, will result in percolation of leachate through
the soil strata reaching the ground water table contaminating it. Mitigation- It is necessary that arrangement
for safe drinking water is made prior to start of work. The contractors will use water in consideration to its
value as a valuable resource. The ground water reserves will be adequately protected as mentioned in the
EMP from any source of contamination, such as construction and oily waste that will degrade its potable
quality.
Waste Generation: Impact- The construction wastes will include wastewater, oil spillage from machinery
and solid waste etc. Mitigation- Wastewater from contractor’s workshop and equipment washing yards
would be passed through traps and gravel/sand beds to remove oil/grease contaminants before discharging it
into permitted recipient system. Solid waste will be disposed at designated sites and no waste will be
disposed in productive agricultural fields. The hazardous waste will be transported to nearby treatment
facility.
Materials Exploitation, and Management of Quarry and Borrow Areas: Impact- Materials exploitation,
quarries and borrowing will generate a multitude of adverse impacts as, noise and air pollution,
contamination of water bodies etc. Mitigation- A draft materials management plan (MMP) will be prepared
to minimize the use of non-renewable resources and rock-based materials, and also to balance cut and fill
requirements which will contribute to the minimization of impacts. A transportation plan for the aggregate
and asphalt materials will be prepared by the contractor in consultation with EPCM consultants. Contractual
clauses will be included to require the contractors to update the draft MMP regularly and report monthly on
the production and use of materials.
Spoil Disposal: Impact- There will be a surplus of rock and soil based materials as spoil, and if disposal is
not planned in advance there will be impacts and environmental degradation due to improper disposal.
Mitigation- A Waste and Spoil Management Plan (WSMP) will be prepared by the Contractor.
General Construction Waste Management: Impact- Uncontrolled waste disposal operations can cause
significant impacts. Mitigation- Mitigation measures will seek to reduce, recycle, and reuse waste as far as
practicable. The general waste section of the WSMP will include consideration of all matters related to solid
and liquid waste disposal.
Hazardous Materials and Hazardous Waste Disposal: Impact- Use of hazardous substances such as oils
and lubricants can cause significant impacts if not properly controlled, or if waste is not disposed of
correctly. Mitigation- The mitigation measures will include ensuring that safe storage of fuel, other
hazardous substances, and bulk materials are agreed on by PIU/EPCM Consultant, and have necessary
approval/ permit from DoE and local authorities. Hydrocarbon, toxic materials, and explosives will be stored
in adequately protected sites consistent with national and local regulations to prevent soil and water
4 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
contamination. Equipment/vehicle maintenance and refueling will be confined to areas in construction sites
designed to contain spilled lubricants and fuels.
Asphalt Hot Mix Plant, Rock Crushing, and Bitumen Supply: Impact- Rock crushing activities will
generate noise and dust, and asphalt hot-mix plant and pavement works will generate gaseous products and
odor while compaction of the pavement will also generate noise and dust. Mitigation- Cement batching and
aggregate mixing plants will be located as far as possible (at least 500 m from settlements near the project
corridor, or as required by environmental regulations. All conditions of DoE permits and local guidelines
will be observed.
Fisheries: Impact- Within the area 100m to 1km distance from the corridor there are ponds and ditches,
where commercial and subsistence fishery is practiced. Loss of fish productivity in the pond fishery along
the road due to pollution and filling of the ponds area may affect the fishery during the construction period.
Mitigation- Adequate cross drainage structures will be provided for all ditch areas and ponds on both sides
of the road. No construction will be undertaken during high flood when water depth usually reaches a
maximum of 6m.
Land Use: Impact- Temporary changes such as loss of top soil, soil compaction are expected in areas which
are used for construction sites, access roads, and construction camps. These changes could affect agricultural
crops and social forestry trees. Mitigation- Top soil of the borrow areas will be stock plied and preserved for
rehabilitation of borrow areas and tree planting. The borrow pits will be rehabilitated and used for tree
plantation using the preserved top soil. GoB has adopted the practice of encouraging construction of
roadway embankment with river sand rather than clayey agricultural soil. The same option is proposed for
the project road.
Traffic Congestion: Impact- As construction activities will cause serious disruptions to traffic flow, traffic
jams and delays may escalate to levels that would be unacceptable to the road users. Construction vehicles
would also add to traffic jams. People passing through road crossings at interchanges will also be
inconvenienced due to movement of vehicles carrying construction materials. Mitigation- This impact can
be mitigated by providing a proper traffic management plan. The Traffic management Plan to be prepared by
the Contractor in consultation with EPCM Consultant will include details of alternative routes, facilitating
crossing and phasing out and sequencing construction activities.
Income and Employment: Impact- Normal living conditions of the local people will be affected for a
certain period of time during construction. Income loss may also result by the loss of agricultural land. On
the other hand, during construction activities, local unemployed people will have an opportunity to be
employed by the Project. Mitigation- Relocation of Project Affected Persons (PAPs) in suitable locations
with assistance for moving, income restitution and rebuilding social capital and infrastructure will be carried
out as per the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP).
Health and Safety of Community: Impact- The construction activities and vehicular movement at
construction sites and access roads may result in road accidents particularly affecting local communities.
Borrow pits located near the residential areas may cause accidents and become health hazards during the
monsoons. Mitigation- Mitigation measures include, awareness building on road safety among the drivers,
provision of proper safety and diversion signage, providing designated pedestrian and vehicular passages.
The laborer force will be monitored with regard to their health focusing on transmittable diseases and
workers with such diseases should be restricted to camp premises as soon as detection is made and
withdrawn for treatment. HIV / AIDS awareness and prevention program will be implemented.
Sanitation and Vector-Borne Diseases: Impact- Depressions in the ground that allow stagnant puddles to
form are ideal breeding areas for malaria and dengue and other disease carrying mosquitoes. Outdoor
equipment storage, including used tires will also provide breeding places. Mitigation- The contractor will
5 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
ensure that stagnant water and puddles are avoided by filling, and stored construction materials, tyres and
empty storage drums are inspected every week to prevent water collection. Measures to prevent malaria and
similar vector borne diseases will be implemented (e.g., provision of insecticide-treated mosquito nets to
workers).
Occupational Health and Safety: Impact- Safety risks and health issues arise from storage, handling and
transport of hazardous construction material. Construction workers are also at risk of accidents due to
moving vehicles, and other construction related activities. Mitigation- Mitigation measures include,
provision of obligatory insurance for laborers/workers, providing basic medical training to specified work
staff and basic medical service and supplies to workers, providing a layout plan for camp site, indicating
safety and contingency measures in case of accidents, providing protection devices (ear muffs, masks) and
provision of protective clothing.
Noise, Vibration and Air quality during Operation phase: After BRT corridor is completed road
conditions will improve and a new bus fleet will be in operation resulting in decrease in noise levels and air
pollution. With the improvement in road pavement and reduced congestion vibrations level will also
decrease. However, a monitoring program for noise and air quality has been proposed in the Environmental
Management Plan.
Road Safety: Impact- The introduction of the BRT and widening of the usable width of the road will
improve traveling conditions along the BRT corridor which will increase road safety. At the same time,
improved road conditions may lead to more vehicles and high speed which could result in traffic accidents.
Mitigation-Mitigation measures include strict enforcement of speed limits, installation of speed cameras and
channelization of traffic with respect to categories and enforcement of penalties for violators. Additional
signage, and road markings will be introduced to reduce traffic hazards. Further, in accident-prone areas
proper lighting and visibility improvement arrangements will be carried out.
Bus Depot: Impacts- Accidental spills and leakage of fuels is to be anticipated in the fuelling area. In the
storage area spillage of Engine cooling liquids, Used motor oil and used transmission oil will be a problem
that can have significant adverse impacts if these find their way in to soil, surface or ground water. The wash
water from washing areas will contain oil and grease in addition to dust and particulate matter from exhaust.
Diesel combustion gases generated in repair and maintenance areas are rich in carbon oxide. Further, where
repair /maintenance work is performed on wet vehicles the floor may become slippery and may cause
accidents affecting the safety of the workers. Mitigation- Mitigation measures are, all spillage of liquids
including diesel, oils, grease and waters will be collected in a central area and drained to a common location
and will be treated by decantation and oil and grease traps to separate oil and grease. Used engine cooling
liquids, used motor oil and used transmission oil will be stored in leak proof containers and disposed of
safely using approved methods. All work stations will be equipped with devices for complete evacuation of
the engine exhaust gases. Further, the workshop will be equipped with CO detectors. The floor covering will
be of material that it is easy to clean and is slip resistant.
Recommendations
Environmental Management Plans. All the above mitigation measures have been included in the
environmental management plan (EMP) which is proposed to be implemented together with the Project. The
EMP attached as Chapter 6 has been prepared to be used as a standalone document in the bid documents,
too.
The EMP also includes parties responsible for implementation and supervision of implementation of the
mitigation measures. Further the EMP provides a cost estimate for the proposed mitigation action and
Monitoring Plan to check the efficiency and outcome of implementing the mitigation measures. A schedule
6 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
for implementation of the mitigation measures is also provided. Separate EMPs have been prepared for the
elevated section of the BRT and Gazipur Bus Depot.
Information disclosure, consultation, and participation. The public consultation process disseminated
information to all key stakeholders, including the general public and authorities, through meetings and focus
group discussions along the project corridor. Information was provided in advance on the scale and scope of
the project works, expected impacts, and the proposed mitigation measures by means of consultations with
government departments, utilities, educational institutions, local authorities, and the general public. The
process also gathered information on concerns and opinions of the stakeholders and these have been adopted
in the project design and EIA preparation.
Grievance redress mechanism (GRM). A GRM has been proposed to receive, evaluate and facilitate the
resolution of affected people’s concerns, complaints, and grievances. The GRM aims to provide a time
bound and transparent mechanism to voice out and resolve social and environmental concerns linked to the
project.
Conclusion
The major impacts of the project are on air quality and noise level, loss of trees, hydrology/drainage,
occupational health and safety, socio-economic environment of PAPs, and risk of accidents.
In respect to Air quality and Noise level the project is expected to significantly decrease noise levels and air
pollution which are, at present, above the DoE specified levels. Other beneficial impacts are availability of
temporary employment opportunities during construction.
Notwithstanding that the other impacts are significant and adverse these can be mitigated with the proposed
mitigation measures with no residual impacts on the environment.
In conclusion, the project will be mostly beneficiary one through addressing mitigation measures proposed
for different phases. The implementing agencies (RHD, BBA and LGED) are committed to implementing
these measures and have fully endorsed the IEE which is the basis for the EMP. They will also ensure that
the work will be carried out in an environmentally acceptable manner and the monitoring and reporting are
completed in a compliant and timely fashion, acceptable to both DoE and ADB.
7 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
CHAPTER 1
PROJECT BACKGROUND
Background
Public transportation in Bangladesh is inadequate to meet the growing demand for efficient travel and,
therefore, transportation has become a major issue in the capital, Dhaka, which has a very high population
density. Increasing traffic congestion is becoming a serious impediment to mobility in the city and will cause
environmental, social, and economic impacts. While vehicle use is increasing most of the population still
relies on bus and rickshaw services. However, the public transport system lacks service quality and the
capacity to meet the ever increasing travel demand. This in turn affects social conditions, urban
environment, and quality of life.
With urban growth, the demand for energy by the polluting sectors, notably the transport sector, is likely to
grow manifold. This in turn will lead to the rise of local pollutants as well as greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions.
With rapid motorization, the situation in road-based traffic collisions deteriorates, mostly affecting
pedestrians (thus the poorest). They are particularly at risk from the greater variety and intensity of traffic
mix and the lack of separation from other road users. This safety issue becomes even more acute when
looked at from a gender perspective where 80% of garment workers are women and a large portion of them
commute on foot. Working women are in great need of good transport services.
Need of the Project
Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, is a metropolis of around 12.5 million residents with a density of
45,500 people/km² in the core area. Dhaka has an annual population growth rate of 6.4%, which if continued
will lead to a doubling of the population by 2025. An estimated of 300,000 to 400,000 people, mostly poor
from rural areas, migrated annually to the metropolitan area. The high population density in limited
habitable land area with limited infrastructure results in tremendous congestion and constrain the ability of
the urban transport system to provide mobility for all people.
Greater Dhaka is one of the least motorised cities in the world but there is a high volume of non-motorised
vehicles. About 60% of the vehicles are cycle rickshaws. All vehicle types have to share the infrastructure
with each other and with pedestrians, for whom conditions are very poor. The available road capacity is
poorly used due to inadequate traffic management, particularly at junctions where delays are commonplace
as vehicles compete for precedence.
To ensure a sustainable future for Dhaka, public transport focused on people's mobility needs and
accessibility, has to be improved and given priority over simple road projects.
Therefore, in order to improve the road based public transport system, the Government of Bangladesh has
received ADB assistance in financing the first section of a north-south bus rapid transit corridor from
Gazipur to Uttara (near the airport). The implementation of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) services along this
section is a critical first step as the demand for a fast and efficient transportation system is increasing rapidly
with the expanding population in the area Dhaka to Gazipur and its sub-urban areas.
8 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Project Objectives
The project goal and objectives and outcomes are in conformity with the National Land Transport Policy1
(NLTP) (MoC, 2004) approved by the Cabinet in April 2004, with 12 main objectives.
As the Project has been planned to provide a safe and dependable public transport system with a new and
efficient bus fleet it complies with the NLTP objective of providing a safe and dependable transport service
and by the deployment of new vehicles and equipment to provide a modern service the project complies with
the NLTP objective of expansion of the role of transport in the ever increasing economic activities. Further
as the proposed project has been designed to provide an efficient transport system within Greater Dhaka it
complies with the NLTP objective of formulation of a transport system for Dhaka city (Greater Dhaka).
With the provision of an efficient new fleet of buses operating in dedicated lanes without traffic congestion,
fuel consumption would be reduced as will emission of exhaust gases and particulate matter, thus complying
with the NLTP objective to maintain an economic and environmental balance.
The proposed project complies with Dhaka's urban transport sector priorities by following some of the
recommendations of the Strategic Transport Plan approved by the government in 2008. The Project is also
well aligned with ADB’s recent strong focus on urban transport, as outlined in Sustainable Transport
Initiative Operational Plan2 (ADB, 2010).
The project will ensure close coordination with other development partners in the urban transport sector. The
corridor selected for the project will connect with the BRT corridor to be undertaken by World Bank under
the Clean Air and Sustainable Environment project, leading ultimately to the implementation of a 40 km
mass-transit corridor, from Gazipur to Dhaka city centre. It is therefore crucial to coordinate both projects to
ensure full operational and technical integration. With the ADB section having more chances to be
implemented first, its demonstration effect will ease the implementation of the World Bank section. The
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) recently undertook the Dhaka Urban Transport Network
Development Study, focusing on the feasibility of a metro route. Potential synergy can be found with this
project, notably in capacity building and necessary organizational developments, to improve the
management of Dhaka's Urban Transport System (UTS).
Description of the Project
The project is the first in a series of planned BRT lines in Dhaka, and is approximately 20 km from the
southern terminal, near the international airport, to the Gazipur Depot. The existing alignment is on the
National Highway 3 (NH3) from the Airport to Joydevpur Chowrasta. The first 4 km of the alignment –
from the Airport to Tongi Bridge, is within Dhaka City Corporation and the rest of the alignment traverses
through Gazipur City Corporation. After Joydevpur Chowrasta (ch 16.3) BRT makes a right turn to run west
to east as far as Gazipur.
The project alignment mainly runs north along the Dhaka-Mymensingh road and traverses 10 Wards of
Gazipur City Corporation and 01 Ward of Dhaka North City Corporation. The alignment is proposed to start
at a terminal station near the main entrance to the Shajalal Airport and continue in a northerly direction for
about 16 km to Joydevpur Chowrasta roundabout. From this point the alignment will run east to Gazipur to a
BRT terminal located in front of the Gazipur railway station within the Right of Way of RHD, on public
land, and a depot located nearby in Gazipur, 2 km West of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) on
the north side of the Chowrasta-Joydevpur Road, on a public land belonging to the Bangladesh
1 Ministry of Communications.2004.National Land Transport Policy. Dhaka 2 ADB. 2010. Sustainable Transport Initiative Operational Plan. Manila.
9 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Telecommunication Company Limited (BTCL), under the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications and
Information Technology.
Project overview
Name of the Project / Program
and Loan No.
: Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT Gazipur-Airport).
ADB Loan No-2862/2863/2864/0287-BAN
AFD Loan No. CBD 1001 01 N
Executing Agency &
Implementing Agency
: Executing Agency Implementing Agencies
Road Transport and Highways
Division, Ministry of Road
Transport and Bridges
1. Roads and Highways Department
2. Bangladesh Bridge Authority
3. Local Government Engineering Department
Project Period : 01 Dec 2012 to 01 Dec 2016
Total Project Cost : Source of Fund in million Dollar in BDT (lac) %
GoB : 45.4 38915.18 17.8
ADB : 160.0 123504.91 62.75
AFD : 45.0 37710.00 17.65
GEF : 4.6 3854.80 1.8
Total : 255.0 203984.89 100.0
Components of the Project
Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project [BRT Gazipur-Airport] was approved by the
government to implement 20 km long BRT route, starting from Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport to
Gazipur.
The major works included under the scope of the project are
(i) Construction of 20 km dedicated bus lane, out of which 4.5 km will be elevated 4-lane bus lane
along with Tongi bridge,
(ii) Construction of 7 flyovers/overpasses and Construction of high capacity drain, from Joydebpur
intersection to Turag river
(iii) Construction of 2 bus terminals at Gazipur and Airport and 1 bus depot at Gazipur and Improvement
of 141 access road,
(iv) Construction of Multimodal Transport Hub at Airport Railway station under PPP
(v) Procurement of Articulated buses and Intelligent Transpiration System (ITS).
Project Implementation/Management
A Project Management Unit will be responsible for (i) coordinating three Project Implementation Units
(PIUs) (ii) ensuring implementation of project work by PIUs, under the leadership of a Project
Coordinator.
Three Project Implementation Units (PIU) will be responsible for the following activities under
leadership of three PDs under RHD, BBA and LGED part of the project: RHD PIU will implement
construction of at grade corridor & 7 flyovers, BBA PIU will implement construction of Tongi Bridge &
4.5 km elevated section of the corridor and LGED PIU will implement construction of Gazipur Bus
Depot, 141 feeder roads connecting main corridor & 10 local kitchen market.
10 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Dhaka BRT Co. Ltd. will act as 4th PIU of the project. This company will procure buses, install ITS for
BRT system and also negotiate with existing bus operators during project implementation period. After
completion of project, this company will operate and maintain whole BRT system.
Four consultancy services packages namely (i) Project Management Coordination and Capacity
Building (PMCCB), (ii) Engineering procurement and Construction management (EPCM), (iii)
Operational Design and Business Model (ODBM) and (iv) Resettlement Plan Implementation (RPI) are
included under this project to (i) coordinate, manage & support the procurement of Dhaka BRT, (ii)
design, support the procurement of PIUs & supervise, (iii) support in operation of BRT system and (iv)
implement the resettlement activities respectively.
Physical Progress of the Project
Detailed Design has been finished in August 2015. Tender of main civil construction work has been
published in November 2015. The contract award is expected to commence in March 2016. Land
Acquisition and Resettlement activities are going on now at project site. The utility lines are also in the
process of shifting. Tree in corridor of Impact will be removed during next few months. Detailed design of
Gazipur Bus Depot has been finalized. Tender has been floated for the civil work in February 2015.
Purpose of the EIA Report and Environmental Monitoring Report
This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has been prepared for the proposed Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)
corridor from Gazipur to Shahjalal Airport (the Project) by the Consultants on behalf of the Implementing
Agency (IA). The EIA describes the baseline environmental conditions, including physical, ecological and
socio-economic resources along the road, assesses the environmental impacts of the intended BRT
development, and provides remedial/mitigation measures.
The EIA has been prepared in accordance with the Bangladesh legislation for environmental impact
assessment and also complying with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009).
This EIA will be submitted to DoE to obtain the Environmental Clearance Certificate (ECC) which is
required as per Environmental Conservation Rules3 (DoE, 1997) for the implementation of the Project.
11 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Figure: Project map with important features
12 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Approach and Methodology
The EIA study has been conducted in accordance with Environment Conservation Rules of Bangladesh and
ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). The study is based on both primary and secondary data and
information. The primary data includes data collected from field observations while secondary data was
from review of information from the earlier studies, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) publications and
relevant information from Government Departments. Discussions were held with stakeholders including
government officials, community representatives and a wide range of road users and roadside dwellers. The
main purpose of this approach was to include people’s perceptions of the project and its environmental
impacts.
The following methodology was adopted in carrying out the EIA study of the proposed project:
I. Orientation
Meetings and discussions were held among the members of the EIA team and also between the EIA team
and design team to establish a common understanding on various components and issues of the Project.
II. Data Collection Planning
Subsequent to the concept clarification and understanding obtained in the preceding step, a detailed data
collection plan was developed for the internal use of the EIA team. The plan included identification of
specific data requirements and their sources; time schedules and responsibilities for their collection; and the
logistics and other supporting needs for the execution of the data collection plan.
III. Data Collection
In this step, primary and secondary data were collected through field observations, environmental
monitoring in the field, concerned departments and published materials to establish baseline profile for
physical, biological and socioeconomic environmental conditions. Following activities were performed for
data collection:
Site reconnaissance
Analysis of maps and plans
Literature review
Desk research
Public consultations
Field observations and studies
Laboratory analysis
Physical Environment
Information was collected on the existing physical environment, particularly as related to geology,
topography, soils, hydrology and drainage, water quality, air quality and noise.
Biological Environment
The status of the flora and fauna of the project area were determined by an ecological survey, review of
literature relevant to the area, and an assessment of the terrestrial environment.
Flora- The vegetative communities were identified and classified into community types. Identification was
carried out of dominant tree species, assessment of stage of growth (mature or sapling) and assessment of
canopy cover.
13 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Fauna- Information on fauna was gathered from existing literature on reported species as well as
observations in the field.
Socio-Cultural Environment
The Consultants utilized a combination of desk research, field investigations, census data, structured
interviews, maps, reports to generate the data required for description of the existing social environment and
assessment of the potential impacts due to the construction of the project. Data was collected on the
following aspects:
Land use
Traffic, transportation and access roads
Demography
Livelihoods
Poverty
Education
Health
Social setup
Community facilities
Recreational activities
Archaeological and cultural heritage
IV. Public Consultation
Public consultation is an important component of the EIA preparation activities. Indigenous knowledge
about the ecosystem and problems associated with the existing roads were carefully recorded and used in
impact assessment which assists in developing mitigation plan. Formal institutional level public
consultation, in tandem with informal ones involving local villagers, road users and people whose livelihood
depends on these roads, were conducted during the EIA study process.
V. Prediction of Impacts and Prepare Mitigation Measures
Predicting probable impacts of the project has been based on judgement of the relevant experts and public
opinion and stakeholders’ views have also been included. Mitigation measures are proposed addressing best
feasible practices in Bangladesh. In formulating mitigation measures, public opinion and knowledge were
also considered.
14 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Chapter 2
Environmental Monitoring
15 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
The qualitative and quantitative data of water, air, soil, noise, etc., biodiversity, health and safety etc. are given in the following tables.
Table 1: EMP Implementation Status
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Provision of
Early Training
Awareness and Training on
environmental protection
aspects relevant to good
construction practices may
avoid/ reduce some
construction impacts.
EPCM Consultant and RHD to provide
training as part of the overall awareness
and training program to be delivered
before construction.
Location to be
confirmed
EPCM
CONSULTANT/
RHD
EPCM
CONSULTANT/RHD/PIUs
Climate
Change
Changes in climate and long
term impacts on the
environment;
Consider potential impacts from
extreme climate change scenario in
designing bridge and culverts.
Throughout the
project area
EPCM
CONSULTANT
RHD
Topography
Change in topography due to
construction-related
structures such as bridges,
flyovers, stations etc.; and
Visual changes to
topography.
Tree planting for street beautification as
per the Tree Cutting and Replantation
Plan Plan (TCRP) developed by RHD.
Throughout the
project areas and
other suitable
land identified by
RHD
RHD PIUs/FD
Land
Acquisition
Acquisition of 3.89 ha land;
Resettlement of Affected
Persons (APs).
All efforts have been made in BRT
design to reduce land acquisition;
Careful alignment and route selection
by the design team to minimize
resettlement;
Developing proper and adequate
compensation package for affected
persons;
Prior to site works, payment of
compensation to affected people based
on the Resettlement Plan.
Throughout the
project areas
EPCM
CONSULTANT;
PIUs
PIUs
16 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Loss of
Structures
(Dwellings,
Commercial
Buildings and
Industrial
Structures)
A total 2,482 of structures
will be affected through
strip-taking along the project
corridor where widening is
required.
Compensation for the loss of land,
house, trees, structures, crops,
wage/income to be included in the
Resettlement Plan.
In case of relocation provision of
similar or better living conditions for
project affected persons (PAPs).
Throughout the
project areas
RHD;
PIUs
EPCM CONSULTANT
Construction
activities near
Educational
Institutions,
Religious and ,
Culturally
Sensitive
Structures
Educational, religious, and
cultural institutions in the
project area will be directly
and indirectly affected from
the project activities.
The monument “Jagroto
Chowrongi’ will have to be
relocated or protected.
The project implementation should take
in to consideration construction of the
alignment or making provision of
allocating financial resources for
rehabilitation of the Madrassa, Mosque
and the educational institution.
Provision should be made for two rows
of trees between RoW of the alignment
and the sensitive structures, and suitable
noise barriers to absorb the noise.
The sculpture should be dismantled
with care and installed in an appropriate
location selected by DC, Gazipur or
protected during construction.
Chowrasta
Junction
EPCM
CONSULTANT
PIUs
Damage to
Public Utilities Utility lines will have to be
moved disrupting services
Provision in the design and budget for
the relocation of the existing utility
infrastructures, wherever required;
All public utilities (e.g. water/gas pipes,
power/telephone lines, mobile tower
likely to be affected by the proposed
project road expansion will be relocated
Throughout the
project areas
EPCM
CONSULTANT
Utility service
Providers;
PIUs
17 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
before the actual commencement of the
construction work.
Informing all hospitals, schools, places
of worship, and affected communities
well in advance;
Utilities will only be removed and
relocated with proper agency approvals
and permission;
If utilities are damaged during
construction, it will be reported to the
Consultants and utility authority and
repairs will be arranged immediately at
the contractor’s expense.
Reconnection of utilities will be
completed at the shortest practicable
time before construction commences.
18 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
4Tree Cutting
Around 4728 trees including
230 large, 1909 medium,
1904 small trees and 685
saplings will be cut along the
RoW and within the bus
depot site for site
preparation.
Minimize the tree cutting by selecting
road widening option based on technical
Trees should not be cut prior the
permission from Forest Department.
Afforestation will be done at the ratio of
1 (cut):2(new planting).
A total of 9456 sapling trees will be
planted as per TCRP developed by
RHD.
For social forestry, afforestation ratio
will be as per the consultation with tree
owner.
Indigenous trees most suited to the tract
will be planted;
An awareness campaign targeted on the
neighborhood affected persons will be
carried to popularize tree planting and
saplings should be provided to
interested parties;
Throughout the
project area
Contractor;
RHD;
NGOs
PIUs/DF;
EPCM CONSULTANT
Changes to
Hydrologic
Regime
Temporary drainage
blockage, especially at
bridge, culverts, service
areas, and construction sites.
Provision of drains of sufficient sizes to
take design flows.
Wastes and dredged spoils should not
be disposed near any water body. All
waste depending on its characteristics,
should be disposed of in a controlled
and following local requirements.
Bridge and
culvert sites
EPCM
Consultant;
Contractor
EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIUs
4 Size of the trees refer here circumference of the trees which are: Large=5' and Above; Medium= 2'7''-5'; Small= 7''-2'7''; Saplings= <6''
19 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Minimize alterations in the surface
drainage pattern as much as possible.
Drainage
changes Drainage congestion due to
waste/sediment disposal and
construction of road
corridor.
Regular cleaning of channels to avoid
choking.
Adequate cross drainage structures will
be provided to easily drain off water to
canals and other lowland areas;
Ensure that storm water drains and
highway drainage systems are
periodically cleared to maintain storm
water flows during construction.
All irrigation canals along the alignment
will be clearly marked on the ground to
prevent accidental dumping of fill
materials into these canals.
Drainage
structure sites
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs
Soil Erosion
and Siltation Soil erosion due to
construction activities,
earthworks, cut and fill
operations and from
stockpiles.
Erosion and subsequent
deposition in the adjacent
land.
Adopt good construction practices.
Adjusting construction schedule for
bridge during non-monsoon season.
Turfing of road shoulders to protect
slopes.
Earth stockpiles to be provided with
gentle slopes.
Ensuring vegetation on road
embankments and road cuttings with
fast growing crop and a native seed mix
immediately after fill placement to
prevent scour and to encourage
stabilization.
Using stone pitching or riprap at
The full length of
the road
alignment
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs
20 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
appropriate places especially around
overpasses, bridge, culverts.
Soil
Compaction
and
Contamination
Compaction of soil due to
movement of vehicles and
equipment
Contamination of soil due to
leakage/spillage of oil,
bituminous and non-
bituminous debris
Construction vehicles, machinery, and
equipment to be stationed in the
designated RoW to avoid compaction.
Haulage routes to be designated along
fallow and consolidated soil areas to
reduce compaction of arable land.
Fuel storage and filling to be undertaken
in areas with concrete surfacing and
bunds and interceptor traps
Oil interceptors to be provided at wash
down and refueling sites
Oil and grease spill and oil-soaked
materials will be sold off to authorized
recyclers.
Construction sites
along the full
length of the
project
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIUs
Riverbed
Sediment
Disturbance of riverbed
sediments due to dredging
activities;
Contamination of bottom
sediments by accidental
spilling of bituminous
materials and other petro-
chemicals.
Prevent construction debris from
entering drainage or irrigation canals;
Construction work close to river to be
minimized especially during monsoon
season;
Conduct regular riverbed sediment
quality monitoring according to the
determined sampling schedule.
Train construction workers on safe
handling of petro-chemicals to prevent
spillage or leakage to the river or other
water bodies;
Bridge
construction site
on Turag River
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIU/BBA
21 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Restrict disposal of any construction
waste into the river or nearby water
bodies;
Topsoil
removal Removal of top soil for
construction outside the
RoW.
Compaction of topsoil.
Loss of top soil by wind and
water erosion.
Covering of top soil by
project works.
The stockpile slope to be no steeper
than 2 (H):1 (V) to reduce surface
runoff and enhance percolation through
the mass of stored soil.
Locate topsoil stockpiles outside
drainage lines and protect stockpiles
from erosion.
Construct diversion channels and silt
fences around the topsoil stockpiles to
prevent erosion and loss of topsoil.
Use stripped topsoil to cover all
disturbed areas and along the proposed
tree plantation sites.
Rip ground surface prior to the
spreading of topsoil,
Limit equipment and vehicular
movements to within the approved
construction zone.
Remove unwanted materials from
topsoil such as roots of trees, rubble and
waste etc.
Construction sites
throughout the
road alignment
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIUs
Air Quality
changes Dust generation due to
construction activities and
transport of construction
materials.
Emissions from vehicles,
Vehicles transporting construction
material to be covered;
Construction equipment to be
maintained to a good standard and
discouraging idling of engines.
Construction sites
along the full
length of the
project
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs/DoE
22 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
equipment and machinery.
Machinery emitting visible smoke to be
banned from construction sites;
Contractor to prepare a dust suppression
program detailing action to be taken to
minimize dust generation (e.g. spraying
of roads with water), and the equipment
to be used.
Equipping asphalt hot mix and batching
plants with fabric filters or wet
scrubbers to reduce dust emissions;
Locate asphalt and crushing plants away
from residential areas and social
infrastructure such as hospitals,
mosques, schools and madrasas. (Refer
to Annex 2 for locations of these).
Clearance should be at least 500 m and
take into account the prevailing wind
direction.
Dust masks to be provided to workers
where dust hazards exist;
Proper dust collection and control
systems to be installed at crushers;
Air quality monitoring to be carried out
as per the schedule in the environmental
monitoring plan.
Noise and
Vibration Noise from construction
vehicles, equipment and
machinery.
Vibration caused by
Use of modern plant and equipment
with appropriate muffling devices.
All powered mechanical equipment and
machinery to be fitted with noise
Construction sites
along the full
length of the
project
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIUs/DoE
23 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
construction activities.
abating gear such as mufflers for
effective noise control, in compliance
with DoE regulations.
Construction operations to be restricted
to 0700 to 1800 hours.
Locate rock crushing, concrete mixing
and material shipment yards away from
residential areas, schools, colleges and
hospitals.
Install temporary noise barriers near
sensitive locations such as schools,
religious places and hospitals (Refer to
Annex 2 for locations)
Providing the construction workers with
suitable hearing protection as ear cap, or
earmuffs etc.
Surround the piers during construction
with an air bubble curtain system or
coffer dam.
Use a smaller hammer to reduce the
sound pressure. The sound produced in
pile driving has a direct relationship to
the force used to drive the pile. A
smaller hammer will have less force on
the pile therefore, producing less sound.
Noise and vibration level monitoring to
be carried out as per the schedule in the
environmental monitoring plan.
Changes to Visual intrusion from large Material stockpiles will be removed as Borrow areas Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
24 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Topography
and Landscape
piles of embankment and
construction materials
obstructing views;
Land degradation due to
excavation in borrow area.
soon as work is completed and the area
re-landscaped
Top soil to be preserved for
rehabilitation of borrow pits
Borrow pits to be either closed or
converted to ponds at the completion of
work;
Construction wastes to be used in
construction activities;
PIUs
Siting of
Construction
and Labour
camps, plans
and equipment
and
Workshops
Loss of plantation and
vegetation;
Permanent physical and
visual impact on the area;
Health risk of the workers.
Social disturbance to nearby
community.
Construction camps, plant and
equipment and workshops to be located
away from sensitive areas and not
within 500 m of existing settlements
(Refer to Annex 2 for chainage km)
unless agreed to after consultation with
local people;
Provide adequate housing for all
workers at the construction camps and
establish clean canteen/eating and
cooking areas;
Camp site will be cleaned up to the
satisfaction of the local community after
use;
Standing water will not be allowed to
accumulate in the temporary drainage
facilities or along the roadside to
prevent proliferation of mosquitoes.
Briefing and/or on-site training for the
contractor’s workers on the
Construction
camps,
workshops and
labour camps
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs
25 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
environmental requirement of the
project and the implementation of
mitigation measures;
Minimize vegetation loss while making
site arrangements for construction
camps and other facilities;
Good sanitation facilities to be provided
for the camps;
Wastewater from contractors’
workshops and equipment washing
yards will be passed through
gravel/sand beds, and all oil/grease
contaminants will be removed, before
discharging. Oil and grease residues
will be stored in drums awaiting
disposal in line with the agreed waste
management plan, and consistent with
national and local regulations;
Solid waste must not be dumped, buried
or burned at or near the project site, but
will be disposed of at the nearest
sanitary landfill or site having and
complying with the necessary permits;
The sites for camps and associated
facilities will be rehabilitated after
completion of the project.
HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention
program will be implemented in line
with social plans under the project.
26 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Construction workers should be under
instruction not to be involved/ interfere
in social issues of neighborhood
communities.
River
protection and
bridge
construction
Movement of barges and
other construction vessels
and bridge construction
activities within the river
will interfere with local
navigation and interrupt the
river traffic;
Silt and Contaminated runoff
reaching river water
Underwater noise impacts on
fisheries and other aquatic
life.
In bridge repair and demolition, the
bridge structure will not be dropped into
the river, but alternative means will be
used to avoid "dropping the bridge" into
rivers/streams. This will be done by
"sawing" appropriate sections of the
bridge and using cranes to lift these
sections away, or alternatively, by
construction of a platform onto which
the bridge could be lowered.
Rocks and stones will be disposed of so
as not to block rivers and streams
Cofferdams, silt fences, sediment
barriers, or other devices will be used as
appropriate based on the design to
prevent spreading of silt during
excavation and boring operations within
streams. If cofferdams are used, these
will be dewatered and cleaned to
prevent siltation by pumping from
cofferdams to a settling basin or a
containment unit.
Other runoff control measures such as
covering open surfaces with grasses and
creepers to reduce runoff will be
Bridge
construction site
on Turag river
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIUs/BIWTA
27 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
implemented as early as possible in
construction.
If hydraulic hammer are to be used the
impact of pile driving cannot be
avoided. However, the force of the
hammer blow can be controlled with
hydraulic hammers, and reducing the
impact force will reduce the intensity of
the resulting sound.
Surface Water
Bodies Loss of surface water bodies
and impact on fish.
Avoid or minimize damage to water
channels;
Avoid or minimize use of the riverbed
materials.
No bituminous or hazardous materials
to be used for filling of water bodies;
In case of accidental obstruction or
damage, drainage ditches and ponds
will be cleaned or repaired immediately.
All water bodies
likely to be
affected along the
project road
(Refer to Annex
2).
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIUs
Surface Water
Quality Contamination of surface
water by disposal of
construction waste.
Pollution of domestic water
supplies.
The workforce to be trained in proper
methods for storage and handling of
materials and chemicals;
Work camps and work sites to be
provided with toilets and septic tanks;
Proper drainage system with
sedimentation ponds and oil separators
to be provided to cope with the rain
water and oil spills;
Stockpiled materials will be covered to
reduce silt in runoff;
Construction sites
along the full
length of the
project
particularly in
areas where there
are beel / lowland
/ pond / ditches
(Refer to Annex
2).
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIUs/DoE
28 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
No stockpiling or borrow sites less
than100 m from a water body;
Washing of machinery and vehicles in
surface waters to be prohibited;
Sealed washing areas will be provided
and wastewater will be collected in a
sedimentation/ retention pond for
treatment prior to release;
Work in rivers will be scheduled during
dry season, and work duration will be as
short as possible;
Conduct regular water quality
monitoring according to the
recommended sampling schedule;
Prevent construction debris from
entering drainage or irrigation canals;
Construction work close to ponds or
other water bodies to be minimized
especially during monsoon season;
Wastes to be collected, stored and taken
to approve disposal sites.
Groundwater
Quality Depletion of groundwater
table due to excessive
withdrawal.
Contamination of
underground water table
from leachate of construction
waste.
Assess availability of water and
evaluate impact on use of local water
resources to ensure that water utilization
for project will not deplete local village
supplies.
Arrangements for safe drinking water to
be made prior to start work.
Construction sites
along the full
length of the
project
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIUs/DoE
29 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Water for consumption to be supplied
only after adequate analysis and
requisite treatment.
Train workers on the need for judicious
use of freshwater resources;
Water reserves to be protected from
contamination such as construction and
oily waste.
Maintain close liaison with local
communities to ensure that any
potential conflicts related to common
resource utilization for project purposes
are resolved quickly.
Materials
Exploitation
and
Management
of Quarry and
Borrow areas
Land use change due to
borrowing of earth.
Land use change and loss of
productive top soil.
Chronic erosion and siltation
Deterioration of air quality
as well as visual and
aesthetic intrusion.
Update draft materials management
plan or MMP (which will also include a
mass haulage chart) prepared by EPCM
CONSULTANT during detailed design
phase. Updated plan to be approved by
EPCM Consultant 1 month prior to
commencement of works. Contractor to
agree and implement MMP provisions.
Balance cut-and-fill requirements to
minimization impacts from extraction of
aggregates.
Procure materials only from DoE
authorized quarries and borrow sites.
If the contractor will operate the quarry
site, required environmental permits
will be secured prior to operation of
Materials
Exploitation sites
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIUs
30 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
quarry/borrow areas.
Use quarry with highest ratio between
extractive capacity (both in terms of
quality) and loss of natural state.
Use quarry sites lying close to the
alignment, with a high level of
accessibility.
Do not use quarries in areas of natural
woodland or near rivers which provide
food and shelter for birds and other
animals.
Borrow/quarry sites will not be located
in productive land and forested areas.
During quarry/borrow site operation,
provide adequate drainage to avoid
accumulation of stagnant water.
Ensure borrow pits are left in a tidy
state with stable side slopes and proper
drainage in order to avoid creation of
water bodies favorable for mosquito
breeding.
Upon completion of extraction
activities, quarry and borrow pits will
be stabilized and rehabilitated. Before
stabilization these will be dewatered
and fences will be installed, as
appropriate, to minimize health and
safety risks.
31 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Waste
generation:
General
Construction
Waste
Disposal,
Spoil Disposal
and Hazardous
Waste
Disposal
Unhygienic conditions,
health risk to workforce and
general public at and around
the camp site;
Visual intrusion from large
piles of spoil disposal
obstructing views;
Drainage congestion due to
waste disposal;
Contamination by Oil and
lubricants from vehicle
maintenance areas;
Update the draft Waste Management
and Spoil Disposal Plan (WMSDP)
prepared by the EPCM consultant one
month before construction to cover all
aspects of waste storage, disposal, and
accidental spills to be approved by
EPCM Consultant 1 month prior to
commencement of works. Contractor to
implement WMSDP provisions.
Areas for disposal should be finalized
through a mutual agreement in between
landowner and DoE;
Disposal areas to be rehabilitated
monitored, catalogued, and marked.
Segregation of wastes will be observed.
Recyclables will be recovered and sold
to recyclers.
Solid and liquid wastes will not be
disposed of in rivers and streams or
other natural drainage path; on fragile
slopes, flood ways, farmland, forest,
religious or other culturally sensitive
areas, or areas where a livelihood is
evolved.
Spoils will be disposed of in disused
quarries and abandoned borrow pits
where practicable;
Disposed spoils will be spread in 15 cm
layers and compacted to optimum
Construction sites
along the full
length of the
project, and
vehicle
maintenance and
refueling areas.
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIUs
32 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
moisture content, covered with topsoil,
landscaped, and provided with drainage
and vegetation to prevent runoff in line
with best practices;
Waste disposal should not cause
sedimentation and obstruction of regular
drainage, or damage to agricultural land
and densely vegetated areas.
Waste disposal sites will be located at
least 50 m from surface watercourses
and will be protected from runoff by
ensuring mild slopes and grassing.
Sanitary wastes generating from staff
and labour camps to be disposed of in
an environmentally friendly manner, i.e.
provision of septic tank etc. for toilet
wastes.
There will be no site-specific landfills
established by the contractors. All solid
waste will be collected and removed
from the work camps and disposed in
local waste disposal sites.
Hazardous waste to be transported to
nearby incineration facility;
It should be ensured that all storage
containers are in good condition with
proper labeling;
Containers should be checked for
leakage and necessary repairs
33 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
undertaken or replaced.
Equipment/vehicle maintenance and
refueling areas will be confined to areas
in construction sites designed to contain
spilled lubricants and fuels. Such areas
will be provided with drainage leading
to an oil-water separator that will be
regularly skimmed of oil and
maintained to ensure efficiency.
All areas intended for storage of
hazardous materials will be quarantined
and provided with adequate facilities to
combat emergency situations complying
with all the applicable statutory
stipulation.
The contractor will identify named
personnel in the management
plan/CEMP in charge of the sites, and
ensure they are properly trained to
control access to these areas; entry will
be allowed only under authorization.
Operation of
Asphalt plant
Rock crushers,
and use of
Bitumen
Air pollution and dust
generation.
Spills from Bitumen plants
may contaminate surface
water quality.
Undertake precautionary measures for
reducing dust emissions from diesel
generator sets, hot mix plants, crushers
and batching plants.
Provide adequate stack height and dust
extraction systems for the hot mix
plants.
Ensure water spreading to suppress
Construction sites
along the full
length of the
project corridor
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/
PIUs
34 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
dusts particularly during dry and windy
weather.
Provide grass cover immediately after
completion of final earth surface along
with watering until they grow and
survive.
Tree plantation on the slopes all along
the main corridor and other areas of
feeder roads, construction yards,
construction camps, to reduce the effect
of emission of dust and pollutants on
the adjacent/nearby communities.
Disposal of Bitumen will not be allowed
to enter either running or dry
streambeds and nor will be disposed of
in ditches or small waste disposal sites
prepared by the contractor.
Bitumen storage and mixing areas must
be protected against spills.
Proper handling of contaminated soil
should be comply with DoE
standards.
Flora Loss of habitat due to tree
cutting.
Vegetation loss due to site
preparation and construction
activities.
Suitable Trees to be planted as per
TCRP provided by RHD;
Flowering and fruiting shrubs to be
planted along the RoW to beautify the
landscape;
Contractor’s personnel to be directed
not to damage any vegetation such as
Construction sites
along the full
length of the
project
RHD EMCM/PIUs/FD
35 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
trees or bushes;
Construction vehicles, equipment and
machinery to be limited to their
designated areas of movement;
Gas cylinders to be used for fuel at the
camps for cooking purposes. Cutting of
trees/bushes for fuel not to be allowed;
Camp sites and asphalt plants to be
established on waste/barren land rather
than on forested or agriculturally
productive land. However if such land
is not available, it must be ensured that
vegetation clearing is minimized and
minimum damage is caused to the trees,
undergrowth and crops.
Wildlife Hunting wildlife and birds
during construction.
Bangladesh Forest Department should
check and confirm that no hunting
occurs.
New and good condition machinery
with low noise generation
characteristics to be used in
construction.
Construction work not to be carried out
at night.
Borrow pits to be fenced to protect
animals.
Along the road
alignment and
bus depot
Contractor EMCM/PIUs/FD
Fisheries Impact on fishing activity
(production, spawning and
breeding grounds).
Construction not to be undertaken
during high flood.
Construction along the riverbanks must
Throughout the
road corridor
particularly in
Contractor EMCM/PIUs
36 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Disturbance to aquatic life
including migration of fish
due to bridge construction.
be avoided during the fish breeding
season (July to September).
Deep water channel to be maintained
during bridge construction.
pond / ditch /
river areas (Refer
to Annex 2).
Land use Land disputes, soil erosion,
loss of potential cropland
and vegetation, landscape
degradation, and damage to
road embankments.
Land use change due to
borrowing of earth.
Land use change and loss of
productive top soil.
Agricultural areas not to be used as
borrow areas.
Land acquisition for borrow areas to be
minimized. River sand to be used for
embankment.
Necessary permits to be obtained for
any borrow pits from the competent
authorities and all environmental
considerations to be ensured.
Topsoil from borrow areas to be
preserved and borrow pits to be
rehabilitated after completion of borrow
operations.
Borrow pits to be sited on waste land
and at least 500 m away from the road.
Priority to be given to borrowing from
humps (including from digging of
wells) above the general ground level.
Priority should be given to borrowing
by excavating/enlarging existing borrow
areas.
Construction sites
along the full
length of
Contractor EMCM/PIUs
Traffic
Condition Due to construction vehicles,
traffic congestion causing
inconvenience to the people.
Prior to start of site works, update and
implement updated temporary traffic
management plan (TTMP) prepared by
EPCM Consultant during detailed
Construction sites
along the full
length of corridor
Contractor EPCM Consultants/PIUs
37 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
design phase. Updated plan to be
approved by EPCM CONSULTANT
one month prior to commencement of
works. Contractor to implement TTMP
provisions;
Communicate to the public through
local officials regarding the scope and
schedule of construction, as well as
construction activities causing
disruptions or access restrictions;
In coordination with local traffic
authorities, implement appropriate
traffic diversion schemes to avoid
inconvenience to road users due to
project operations, ensure smooth traffic
flow, and avoid or minimize accidents,
traffic hold ups, and congestion;
In coordination with local traffic
officials, schedule transport of materials
to avoid congestion, and set up clear
traffic signal boards and traffic advisory
signs at the roads going in and out of
the construction sites to minimize traffic
build-up;
Provide safe vehicle and pedestrian
access around construction areas;
Install bold diversion signs that would
be clearly visible even at night, and
provide flag persons to warn of
38 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
dangerous conditions (24 hours/as
necessary).
Provide sufficient lighting at night
within and in the vicinity of
construction sites.
Designate traffic officers in construction
sites.
Income and
Employment Income loss due to the loss
of agricultural lands, private
structures and common
property resources
Contractor as far as practicable to
recruit construction workers from
amongst the locals and to maintain
gender equity while employing the
locals.
Priority will always be given to project
affected persons, the unemployed and
lower income groups.
Set aside areas within the contractor’s
camps and offices for local people to
sell their products.
Along the road
alignment
Contractor EMCM/PIUs
Health and
Safety of the
Community
Health and safety risks due
presence of construction
camp and ongoing
construction activities.
Include in WPSP barriers (e.g.,
temporary fence) to be installed at
construction areas to deter pedestrian
access to the roadway except at
designated crossing points.
The workers with different transmittable
diseases should be restricted to the
construction site and sent for treatment
or replaced as an urgent measure.
The general public/local residents will
not be allowed in high-risk areas, e.g.,
Construction sites
along the full
length of the
project
Contractor;
RHD
EMCM/PIUs
39 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
excavation sites and areas where heavy
equipment is in operation and such sites
will have a watchman to keep public
out.
Drivers operating construction vehicles
to be trained in road safety awareness;
Provision of proper safety and diversion
signage.
Crossing provision to be made for
pedestrians and vehicles near
settlements.
Use of water not to disturb water
availability for the public.
Close consultation with local
communities to maintain community
integrity and social links and avoid
conflict situations with respect to
resource use.
RHD to Prepare and implement plan for
avoiding spread of STDs.
Occupational
Health and
Safety -
Workers
Accidental risk and health
risks due to unsafe working
conditions.
Contractor will update draft Worker and
Public Safety Plan (WPSP) prepared by
EPCM Consultant, and instruct workers
in health and safety matters. Updated
plan to be approved by EPCM
Consultant 1 month prior to starting of
works. Contractor to implement WPSP
provisions.
Establish safety measures as required by
Construction sites
along the full
length of the
project
Contractor EMCM/PIUs
40 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
law and by good engineering practice,
and provide first aid facilities that are
readily accessible by workers;
Fencing on all excavation, borrow pits,
and sides of temporary bridge, flyovers
etc.
Worker’s compensation insurance for
all project staff;
Basic medical training to be given to
specified work staff.
Basic medical service and supplies to be
made available for workers.
Appropriate personal protective
equipment (hearing protection, safety
glasses, helmets, protective footwear
and gloves, high visibility vests and
other protective clothing) to be provided
to all workers.
Provision of adequate sanitation,
washing, cooking and dormitory
facilities including lighting.
Adequate signage, lighting, barriers,
yellow tape and persons with flags
during construction to manage traffic at
construction sites, haulage and access
roads.
Environmental
Monitoring
and
Prepare Monthly and Quarterly
Monitoring Reports.
Prepare a project completion report
N/A
Contractor
EPCM Consultants /PIUs
41 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Completion
Reporting
containing environmental management
and residual impacts if any.
IMPLEMENTATION PHASE: OPERATION
Tree Planting Ensuring survival of flora and
fauna in the new environment.
Monitor survival of replanted trees (also
compensatory planting) and replant, as
necessary.
Undertake proper measures for
watering, fertilizing and nursing of
trees/ plants/ grasses.
Plantation of additional varieties of
trees that supports birds and having high
wood value.
Along the project
corridor
RHD/NGO PIUs/DF
Soil Quality Soil contamination due to
accidental spillage from
vehicular movement.
Proper measures must be ensured to
prevent any oil spillage and leakage
from the vehicles.
Efforts will be made to clean the spills
of oil, toxic chemicals etc. as early as
possible.
Along the project
corridor
BRT Operator PIUs/DoE
Noise and
Vibration Though both noise level and
vibration is expected to
reduce, special
measures/strategies will be
required to keep them within
limits.
According to monitoring results,
additional sound barriers in the form of
trees and hedges will be discussed with
the affected people and planted, if
agreed;
Signs for sensitive zones (health centres
/ educational institutions etc.) to prevent
the use of pressure horns;
Enforcement and penalties against
traffic rules violators;
Along the project
corridor
particularly in the
major road
intersections and
densely populated
areas
BRT Operator PIUs/DoE
42 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Monitoring to protect the trees.
Air Quality Increased traffic levels and
congestion will lead to air
pollution levels.
Air conditioning gas
emission from BRT buses.
Roadside tree plantations as applicable
and feasible under the climatic
conditions.
Regular road maintenance to ensure
good surface condition.
Carry out regular onsite testing for
assessing emission levels of pollutants
from vehicles running on road.
Enforcement and penalties against
traffic rules violators.
All work done on air conditioners will
follow the Industry Code of Practices
for automotive air conditioning.
Approved refrigerant gas recycling and
storage equipment will be used in these
circumstances.
Ambient air quality monitoring should
be carried out during operation phase.
Along the project
corridor
particularly in the
major road
intersections and
densely
settlement areas,
and Bus Depot
BRT Operator PIUs/DoE
Water Quality Contamination of water
bodies from runoff from bus
depot, terminal, stations and
roads containing oils and
grease;
Groundwater may get
polluted due to contaminated
road runoff.
In order to discharge rapid removal of
storm-water/road runoff, cross slopes
and longitudinal drainage will be
provided in the design.
Proper drainage system with
sedimentation ponds and oil separators
will be provided to avoid contamination
by run-off and oil spills.
Throughout the
project road
particularly in
river/pond/ditch
areas
BRT Operator PIUs/DoE
43 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Retention basins with reed beds
provided in the design will improve the
quality of polluted storm-water/road
runoff.
Prior to operation, an emergency
response plan for spills of hazardous
materials and oil will be prepared.
Water quality monitoring will be carried
out as per schedule suggested in the
Environmental Monitoring Plan.
Cultural Sites Noise and vibration near
cultural sites like school,
college, madrasa, health
complex, temple, church etc.
Noise problem can be mitigated through
installation of noise barrier and
plantation of trees along the boundary
of the cultural sites.
Avoid unnecessary noise generation at
sensitive cultural sites with regulations.
Along the project
corridor
BRT Operator PIUs
Road Safety Increase in the number of
road accidents
Speed limits will be imposed.
Safety signal will need to be displayed
along the road along with display and
monitoring of speed limits especially
along settlements.
Traffic signs must be provided to warn
road users about speed limits, rest areas,
eating establishments etc.
Lanes, median, and sharp bends will be
marked with reflectorized signs to
improve road visibility at night time.
Foot overpasses will be provided near
schools, markets areas for safe crossing
Along the project
corridor
particularly at
road intersections
BRT Operator PIUs
44 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
of the roads.
Proper lighting will be provided along
the project road.
45 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
EMP Implementation Schedule
An implementation schedule has been prepared based on the environmental components that may be
affected during the pre- construction, construction and operation of the project. Since it is likely to have an
impact on various components of the environment, a comprehensive EMP implementation schedule
considering mitigation action required at each stage of implementation is provided in Table 2.
46 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Table 2: EMP implementation schedule
Environmental
Components EMP
Time Line
Pre-
construction
(6 Months)
Construction Phase (24
Months) Operation Phase (Continued)
Technical Support Updating of EMP and performance indicators
Flora
Tree cutting along the RoW
Compensatory afforestation (Minimum 1:2)
Monitoring of Tree Cutting and Plantation
Maintenance of trees
Drainage congestion Provision of adequate drainage
Monitoring drainage congestion
Erosion,
Sedimentation and
Soil
River bank protection measures
Soil conservation
Monitoring of soil erosion
Land
Compensation against land acquisition
Landscaping on approach road and service areas
Slope/ Embankment
protection at
approach Road
Covering of embankment with grasses and herbs
Embankment protection of the approach road
Water and Drinking Monitoring of Surface Water Quality
47 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Components EMP
Time Line
Pre-
construction
(6 Months)
Construction Phase (24
Months) Operation Phase (Continued)
Water Supply Monitoring of Groundwater Quality and Levels
Installation of oil and grease traps at construction sites
Construction of soak pits at construction and rehabilitation
sites
Ensuring arsenic free drinking water for construction camps
Air Quality
and Dust
Management
Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality
Water Spraying/ Watering at construction and stockpile sites
Noise Quality and
Barriers
Monitoring of Noise and Vibration
Provision of Noise Barriers
Construction Safety Provision of PPEs
Health Issues Health Check-up Camps
Capacity
Development and
Training
Environmental safety and awareness
48 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental monitoring Plan
General
Environmental monitoring is an essential tool for environmental management since it provides the basic
information for rational management decisions. The purpose of the monitoring program is to ensure that the
recommended environmental management measures are implemented and the desired mitigation outcomes
has been achieved. To ensure the effective implementation of the mitigation measures, it is essential that an
effective monitoring program be designed and carried out. Monitoring will be conducted in accordance with
the environmental mitigation measures and monitoring plan provided with this report in Table 3.
Objectives
The objective of environmental monitoring during the construction and operation phases is to compare the
environmental conditions against the baseline conditions established prior to commencement of project
implementation. This will assist in monitoring whether the mitigation action are being implemented and also
the effectiveness of the mitigation measures in protecting environment from adverse impacts of construction
activities. Thus, the main objectives of the pre-construction, construction and operation phase monitoring
plan are to:
Monitor the actual impact of the works on physical, biological and socio-economic receptors within
the project corridor for indicators on the adequacy of the EMP;
Recommend mitigation measures for any unexpected impact or where the impact level exceeds the
level anticipated in the EIA;
Ensure compliance with legal and community obligations including safety on construction sites;
Monitor the rehabilitation of borrow areas and the restoration of construction campsites as described
in the EMP;
Ensure the safe disposal of excess construction materials;
Appraise the adequacy of the EIA with respect to the project’s predicted long-term impacts on the
corridor’s physical, biological and socio-economic environment;
Evaluate the effectiveness of the mitigation measures proposed in the EMP and recommend
improvements, if and when, necessary.
Components to be monitored
Monitoring has two components:
I. Compliance monitoring, which checks whether prescribed actions have been carried out,
usually by visual observation and by the use of checklists.
II. Effects monitoring which records the beneficial and adverse consequences of activities on the
biophysical and social environment. This is often by repeat measurements of a set of
objectively verifiable indicators.
Monitoring for this project will mainly focus on compliance monitoring to ensure that measures are being
implemented on time and according to sound environmental principles.
Pre-Construction stage monitoring
Monitoring during the pre-construction stage includes three components:
I. Checking and ensuring that appropriate measures have been incorporated to avoid or
minimize negative environmental impacts, in the project’s design.
II. Incorporation of appropriate protective clauses in the contract documents that are to be
complied by the contractors.
49 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Construction stage compliance monitoring
Compliance monitoring during the construction stage comprises:
I. EMP which addresses the environmental issues in details to provide environmental protection.
II. Contractors’ compliance to the environmental clauses in their day-to-day activities.
III. Implementation of tree planting and site clearance activities after completion of work.
The environmental impacts during construction are highly dependent on (i) incorporation of the mitigating
measures identified in the EIA into bid documents and specifications (ii)the contractors’ work practices,
especially those related to the storage of construction materials, disposal of waste and cleanliness of the
work sites; (iii) cooperation by the local authorities with the contractors in terms of traffic management and
waste disposal, and use of public space and utilities; (iv) strict enforcement of correct construction practices
and standards by project management.
Direct monitoring during the construction phase will involve the following activities:
Review of Contractors’ proposed designs and working methods including a review at project start-
up to ensure that the designs and working methods proposed by the contractors have taken into
consideration the environmental clauses specified in the tender documents (environmental, social,
safety).
Site- specific review of contractors’ temporary facilities; involving the inspection of contractors’
worksites and work camps to ensure that the contractors’ arrangements for temporary facilities are
satisfactory.
Regular site inspection during the construction period, involving scheduled and unannounced
inspections to ensure that the stipulated procedures as defined in the EMP are being followed by
the contractor(s). This monitoring will require the completion of systematic observations of site
activities using checklists to be developed by RHD, LGED and BBA and EPCM Consultants.
Inspection of the certification of site clearance and restoration, to ensure that actual restoration has
taken place, e.g., the temporary sewage works have been adequately disposed of.
Operation stage monitoring
In this phase, the contractors will compile and maintain the environmental data and records gathered during
the construction phase for reference by the operating agencies. The contractors will coordinate with
government departments and agencies, RHD, LGED and BBA in particular, for providing information on
monitoring of air and water quality, noise level and traffic.
Operating Agency (BRT Operator) in collaboration with the concerned department will make
arrangements for monitoring air quality and assessing its effects along the road project. Sensitive
parameters including NO2, SO2 and particulate matters will be monitored and necessary measures
will be taken to keep these within the limits set by government.
The noise levels will be monitored likewise, to see whether they are within the limits. When they are
found to exceed the limits and disturb the nearby settlements, noise abatement measures, such as
planting of trees and construction of sound barriers will be implemented by the Operating Agency.
Water quality monitoring will be done to ensure that both surface and groundwater quality will not
be affected by contaminated run off and spills.
The operator will monitor whether the flora and fauna of the area is affected by the activities in the
area of influence. If required necessary mitigation measures should be taken by the operator.
The above monitoring system will be fully controlled by the project proponent i.e. RHD, LGED or BBA and
the Operating Agency. A monitoring schedule has been included as guideline for the stakeholders (Table
6.2).
50 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Monitoring Program
Monitoring points have been selected based on the sensitivity of the location with respect to sensitive
receptors.
The schedule has been developed based on the possible occurrence of adverse impacts and required
mitigation actions. However, this schedule is subject to change depending on the analysis results obtained.
The protocol for changing the monitoring schedule is given below.
a) Tree Plantation
The 75% survival rate of re-plantation will be monitored on the first year of the operation phase. If the
survival rate is found to be below 75%, survival rate monitoring will be again taken up after 3 years. This
cycle should continue until the 75% survival rate is achieved.
b) Terrestrial and Aquatic Fauna including Fisheries
The fish productivity monitoring is an important and sensitive issue. In case, any significant decline in terms
of fish productivity in the khals/canals or ponds is noticed, the monitoring frequency will be increased until
the effectiveness of mitigation measures are established.
c) Soil Erosion and Drainage Congestion
In the construction phase, some localized soil erosion may be noticed due to construction activities.
However, if soil erosion is noticed during construction and operation phase, corrective actions will be
initiated and frequency of check will be increased to assess the tendency of occurrence.
d) Air, Noise and Vibration Quality
Due to impact of construction activities, the ambient air quality of the project area may change. If the air
quality with respect to any parameter exceeds by more than 25% of its last monitored value, the monitoring
frequency will be doubled and cause of the increase investigated.
Similarly, due to construction activities the noise quality in the project area is likely to change. If the noise
and vibration quality exceeds by 20% of the applicable ambient noise quality standard or 5% of its last
monitored value, the monitoring frequency will be increased and the cause of the increase investigated.
e) Water Quality
In the construction phase, the monitored values for pH, BOD, COD, TDS and DO might change owing to
construction activities. Hence, it is suggested that if the monitored value for any water quality parameter
exceeds by more than 20% of its last monitored status, the monitoring frequency will be increased. If the
construction activities are found to be the reason for this increase, suitable measures should be adopted.
51 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Table 3: Environmental monitoring plan
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Tree cutting
Monitoring
activities
Check whether
proper compensation as
mentioned in RP is received
by PAPs.
Inspection
Throughout
the project
areas
During tree felling
and site clearing
operations Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs/F
D
CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Air Quality
H2S, SOx, NOx, CO, O3,
O2,CO2, TVOC, SPM, PM10,
Humidity, Wind direction,
Wind speed, Temperature
Air quality standard
by DoE, Bangladesh
Throughout
the project
areas
Twice a year/ on
complaints
for 2 years
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs/
DoE
Dust Dust control Air quality standard
by DoE, Bangladesh
Throughout
the project
areas
Regularly Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs/
DoE
Noise Level dB(A) Noise Pollution
Control Rules (2006)
Throughout
the project
areas
Twice a year / on
complaints
for 2 years
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs/
DoE
Water Quality
Surface water:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3–N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Total P
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Surface water
near project
corridor
Quarterly a year /
on complaints
for 2 years
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs/
DoE
52 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
Groundwater:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3–N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Total P
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Groundwater
near project
corridor
Twice a year / on
complaints
for 2 years
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs/
DoE
Riverbed Material As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg,
Fe, pH
Government of
Bangladesh (GoB)
and International
Standard
Tongi Bridge
site at Turag
River
Twice a year / on
complaints
for 2 years
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs/
DoE
Soil Pollution
pH, As, Pb, Hg, Cd,
Cr, Zn;
Check liquid waste
is carried out by experienced
personnel and in proper way.
Careful and proper
handling of oil and other
hazardous liquids.
Government of
Bangladesh (GoB)
and International
Standard
At all project
sites including
Bus Depot
Twice a year / on
complaints
for 2 years Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs/
DoE
Soil Erosion
Visual check for soil
erosion and siltation.
Visual inspection of
erosion prevention measures
and occurrence of erosion.
Government of
Bangladesh (GoB)
and International
Standard
Material
storage sites
and all the
water bodies
near the
project
corridor
Monthly Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs
Drainage
congestion
Check drainage plan
implemented correctly
Conduct regular
inspection
Monitoring
Throughout
the project
areas
Weekly during
monsoon Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs
53 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
Wildlife Wildlife habitat and
movement None Specific
Areas
alongside road
corridor
Quarterly Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs
Fisheries Impact on fish
productivity, breeding and
spawning
All major
water bodies Once in year Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs
Waste
Management
Check storage,
transportation, disposal,
handling of hazardous waste
Waste and effluents
to be collected and disposed
safely from all camps;
Waste and garbage
from bridge construction site
to be disposed safely.
Monitoring
Throughout
the project
areas
Weekly Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs
Health and
Safety
Check quality of
food and accommodation at
construction camp.
Check safe water
supply, hygienic toilet at
camps and construction of
drain at camp sites.
Check toilets are
close to construction site and
separate toilet for female
workers;
First-Aid kit with
required tools and medicine;
The heavy
construction material to
Monitoring
Construction
sites, labour
camps and bus
depot
Regularly Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIUs
54 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
handled and stored safely
putting due care on public
safety;
Heavy construction
materials at bridge
construction site to be stored
and handled safely; and
Check of personal
protective equipment (PPE)
for worker at the sites.
OPERATION STAGE
Tree
Plantation
Check the plantation method
and number of tree species
Inspection to ensure
proper plantation
with
proper species
Throughout
the project
areas
During June/ July NGO PIUs/FD
Air Quality
H2S, SOx, NOx, CO, O3,
O2,CO2, TVOC, SPM, PM10,
Humidity, Wind direction,
Wind speed, Temperature
Air quality standard
by DoE, Bangladesh
Throughout
the project
areas
Monthly inside
the Depot;
Twice a year
for 3 years
BRT Operator PIUs/DoE
Noise Level dB(A) Noise Pollution
Control Rules (2006)
Throughout
the project
areas
Monthly inside
the Depot ;
Twice a year
for 3 years
BRT Operator PIUs/DoE
Water Quality
Surface water:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3 –N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Total P
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Surface water
near project
corridor
Twice a year
for 3 years BRT Operator PIUs/DoE
55 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
Groundwater:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3 –N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Total P
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Surface water
near project
corridor
Twice a year
for 3 years BRT Operator PIUs/DoE
Traffic Safety Record of accidents,
different level of disabilities/
fatalities.
None Specific
Throughout
the project
section
Full operation
period BRT Operator PIUs
Soil Quality pH, As, Pb, Hg, Cd,
Cr, Zn;
Government of
Bangladesh (GoB)
and International
Standard
At each
construction
camp post
restoration of
construction
camp site
Yearly close to
bus depot BRT Operator PIUs/DoE
Wildlife Wildlife habitat and
movement None Specific
Areas
alongside the
road corridor Quarterly BRT Operator PIUs
Fisheries Impact on fish
productivity, breeding and
spawning
All major
water bodies End of first year
of operation BRT Operator PIUs
56 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Elevated Section including Tongi Bridge
The elevated sections has been designed for the three intersections (Sonagrgaon Intersection at km 3+075,
Abdullahpur Intersection at km 3+800 and Station Road Intersection at km 5+125) and Tongi Bridge (at km
3+900). The length of proposed elevated section is 3.5 km.
1. On the basis of identification of the environmental impacts and recommended mitigation measures
linked with the construction activities of elevated sections (including three flyovers and Tongi Bridge) an
EMP has been prepared considering impacts and therefore the mitigation specific to this section.
57 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Table 4: Environmental Management Plan for elevated section including Tongi Bridge
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Provision of
Early Training
Awareness and
Training on
environmental
protection aspects
relevant to good
construction practices
may avoid
construction period
impacts affecting
river hydrology and
water quality
EPCM Consultant and BBA to
provide training as part of the
overall awareness and training
programs to be delivered before
construction begin.
Location to be
confirmed
EPCM
CONSULTANT/BBA
EPCM CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA
Climate Change Changes in climate
and long term
impacts on the
environment;
Consider potential impacts from
extreme climate change scenario
in designs for the Tongi Bridge
and elevated section.
Throughout the
elevated section
including Tongi Bridge
EPCM
CONSULTANT
PIUs
58 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
5Tree Cutting
Different
types of plants need
to be removed as a
part of site
preparation for
construction activities
which will result in
potential ecological
and economic loss.
Prohibit cutting of trees
for firewood and for use in
project. Gas cylinders to be used
for fuel at the camp for cooking
purposes
Invasive species will not
be introduced into new
environment.
When construction work
is completed, trees and
understorey vegetation must be
planted, in order to help the
cleared areas in an effort to
attract wildlife such as birds.
Plant at least two trees
for every one tree cut.
Within elevated section
including Tongi Bridge
Contractor;
RHD
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA/FD
Loss of
Structures and
Public Utilities
Some houses
within proposed
section and bridge
site will be relocated.
Inconvenienc
e caused by
disruption to public
utilities (Power/
Telephone lines).
Need to compensate for
the loss of structures.
Provision in the
construction budget for the
relocation of the existing utility
infrastructures wherever
required.
Within elevated section
including Tongi Bridge
EPCM
CONSULTANT/BBA
EPCM CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA
5 Size of the trees refer here circumference of the trees which are: Large=5' and Above; Medium= 2'7''-5'; Small= 7''-2'7''; Saplings= <6''
59 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
The Bridge site The impact at bridge
site may result from
decisions on where to
place the work camps
and the concrete and
steel fabrication areas
as well as the batching
plant(s)
EPCM Consultant and BBA in
consultation with local
communities will agree on sites.
Construction camps, plant and
equipment and workshops to be
located away from sensitive areas
and not within 500 m.
At and around the
bridge site
EPCM
CONSULTANT/BBA
EPCM CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA
CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Road and
Navigation
Channel
Disruption
During
transportation of box
girders to the site the
road may be
completely blocked
Movement of
barges and other
construction vessels
and bridge
construction works
within the river will
interfere with local
navigation and
interrupt the river
traffic.
The transportation and erection
of box girders will be so timed to
minimise the impact on road
transportation.
The road users and nearby
residents will be informed of the
activity and consent of police
and local authorities will be
obtained before commencing the
activity. Further, all precautions
will be taken to ensure the safety
of the workers and road users.
In bridge demolition, the bridge
structure will not be dropped into
the river, but alternative means
will be used to avoid "dropping
the bridge" into rivers/streams.
Bridge site Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA/
BIWTA
60 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
This will be done by "sawing"
appropriate sections of the
bridge and using cranes to lift
these sections away, or
alternatively, by construction of
a platform onto which the bridge
could be lowered
Cofferdams, silt fences, sediment
barriers, or other devices will be
used as appropriate based on the
design to prevent migration of
silt during excavation and boring
operations within streams. If
cofferdams are used, these will
be dewatered and cleaned to
prevent siltation by pumping
from cofferdams to a settling
basin or a containment unit.
Riverbed
Sediment
Disturbance of
riverbed sediments
due to dredging
activities;
Contamination of
bottom sediments by
accidental spilling of
bituminous materials
and other petro-
chemicals.
Train construction workers on
safe handling of petroleum
products and chemicals to
prevent spillage or leakage to the
river or other water bodies;
Restrict disposal of any
construction waste into the river
or nearby water bodies;
Prevent construction debris from
entering drainage or irrigation
canals;
At and around the
bridge site
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA/DoE
61 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Construction work close to river
to be minimized especially
during monsoon season;
Conduct regular riverbed
sediment quality monitoring
according to the recommended
sampling schedule.
Air Quality
changes Dust generation due
to construction
activities and
transport of
construction
materials.
Emissions from
vehicles, equipment
and machinery.
Vehicles transporting
construction material to be
covered;
Construction equipment to be
maintained to a good standard
and discouraging idling of
engines.
Machinery emitting visible
smoke to be banned from
construction sites;
Contractor to prepare a dust
suppression program detailing
action to be taken to minimize
dust generation (e.g. spraying of
roads with water), and the
equipment to be used.
Equipping asphalt hot mix and
batching plants with fabric filters
or wet scrubbers to reduce dust
emissions;
Locate asphalt and crushing
plants away from residential
Construction sites
along the full length of
the project
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/PIUs/DoE
62 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
areas and social infrastructure
such as hospitals, mosques,
schools and madrasas. (Refer to
Annex 2 for locations of these).
Clearance should be at least 500
m and take into account the
prevailing wind direction.
Dust masks to be provided to
workers where dust hazards
exist;
Proper dust collection and
control systems to be installed at
crushers;
Air quality monitoring to be
carried out as per the schedule in
the environmental monitoring
plan.
Noise and
Vibration During erection of
box girders high
noise and vibration
may result.
Noise from
construction vehicles,
equipment and
machinery.
Vibration caused by
construction
activities.
The road users and nearby
residents will be informed of the
activity and consent of police
and local authorities will be
obtained before commencing the
activity. Further, all precautions
will be taken to ensure the safety
of the workers and road users.
Use of modern plant and
equipment with appropriate
muffling devices.
Construction sites
along the full length of
the project
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/PIUs/DoE
63 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
All powered mechanical
equipment and machinery to be
fitted with noise abating gear
such as mufflers for effective
noise control, in compliance with
DoE regulations.
Construction operations to be
restricted to appropriate time
schedules. BoX girder transport
and erection may have to be
carried out during the night.
Locate rock crushing, concrete
mixing and material shipment
yards away from residential
areas, schools, colleges and
hospitals.
Install temporary noise barriers
near sensitive locations such as
schools, religious places and
hospitals (Refer to Annex 2 for
locations)
Providing the construction
workers with suitable ear
protection as ear cap, or
earmuffs etc.
Surround the piers during
construction with an air bubble
curtain system or coffer dam.
Use a smaller hammer to
64 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
reduce the sound pressure. The
sound produced in pile driving
has a direct relationship to the
force used to drive the pile. A
smaller hammer will have less
force on the pile therefore,
producing less sound.
Noise and vibration level
monitoring to be carried out as
per the schedule in the
environmental monitoring
plan.
Surface Water
Quality and
Hydrology
Construction of piers,
especially in the water
filled sections could
result in temporary
erosion and
deposition, potentially
impacting shoreline
and causing water
pollution.
The bridge is to be designed and
built in line with existing bridge
and latest hydrologic study
results. The water quality testing
will focus in sampling both
upstream and downstream of the
bridge construction site to
establish change over time.
Parameters to be tested as shown
in main EMP.
Take samples U/S and
D/S of the Tongi
Bridge
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA/DoE
Dredging and
Dredged
Materials
River bank erosion
and pollution due to
spilling/seepage of oil
in the river.
Increase in
sedimentation and
dispersion of
Permits/NOC to be obtained,
from relevant authority such as
BIWTA prior to extraction
While dredging, special care to
be given to prevent any
spillage/seepage of oil from the
dredging machines;
At and around the
bridge site
Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA/
BWTA/DoE
65 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
pollutants in dredged
material
Movement of barges should be
within the designated study
areas;
Dredged material from the river
bank to be tested for presence of
heavy metals and other pollutants
before its use. Note – some areas
were tested during the
preparation of EIA (refer to
Annex 2).
Fisheries Disturbance to
aquatic life including
migration of fish due
to bridge
construction.
Construction not to be
undertaken during high flood.
Construction along the
riverbanks must be avoided
during the fish breeding season
(July to September).
Deep water channel to be
maintained during bridge
construction.
Throughout the road
corridor particularly in
pond / ditch / river
areas (Refer to Annex
2).
Contractor
EPCM CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA
66 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
OPERATION STAGE
Riverbed
Sediment
Contamination
Riverbed sediments
contamination due to
accidental spillage
from vehicular
movement.
Proper measures must be ensured
to prevent any oil spillage and
leakage from the vehicle
reaching river water.
Efforts will be made to clean the
spills of oil, toxic chemicals etc.
as early as possible.
Bridge area BBA BBA/DoE
67 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Table 5: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Elevated Section including Tongi Bridge
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Tree cutting
Monitoring
activities
Check whether
proper compensation as
mentioned in RP is received
by PAPs.
Inspection
Areas
surrounding
elevated
section
During tree felling
and site clearing
operations Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A/FD
CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Air Quality
H2S, SOx, NOx, CO, O3,
O2,CO2, TVOC, SPM, PM10,
Humidity, Wind direction,
Wind speed, Temperature
Air quality standard
by DoE, Bangladesh
Areas
surrounding
elevated
section
Twice in a year;
for 2 years Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A/DoE
Dust Dust control Air quality standard
by DoE, Bangladesh
Areas
surrounding
elevated
section
Regularly Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A/DoE
Noise Level dB(A) Noise Pollution
Control Rules (2006)
Areas
surrounding
elevated
section
Twice in a year;
for 2 years Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A/DoE
68 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
Water Quality
Surface water:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3–N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Total P.
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Surface water
sources near
elevated
section
Quarterly in a
year;
for 2 years
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A/DoE
Groundwater:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3–N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Total P.
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Groundwater
near elevated
section
Twice in a year;
for 2 years Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A/DoE
Riverbed Material pH, Fe, As, Pb, Hg,
Cd, Cr
Government of
Bangladesh (GoB)
and International
Standard
Tongi Bridge
site at Turag
River
Twice a year / on
complaints
for 2 years
Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A
Soil Erosion
Visual check for soil
erosion and siltation.
Visual inspection of
erosion prevention measures
and occurrence of erosion.
Government of
Bangladesh (GoB)
and International
Standard
Material
storage sites
and all the
water bodies
near the
elevated
section
Once during rainy
season of the
Construction
period
Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A
Drainage
congestion
Check drainage plan
implemented correctly
Conduct regular
inspection
Monitoring
Areas
surrounding
elevated
Weekly during
monsoon Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A
69 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
section
Wildlife Wildlife habitat and
movement Not Specified
Areas
surrounding
elevated
section
Quarterly Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A
Fisheries Impact on fish
productivity, breeding and
spawning
Not Specified
All major
water bodies
near elevated
sector and
Turag River
Once in a year;
for 2 years Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A
Waste
Management
Check storage,
transportation, disposal,
handling of hazardous waste
Waste and effluents
to be collected and disposed
safely from all camps;
Waste and garbage
from bridge construction site
to be disposed safely.
Monitoring
Areas
surrounding
elevated
section
Weekly; during
construction Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A
Health and
Safety
Check quality of
food and accommodation at
construction camp.
Check safe water
supply, hygienic toilet at
camps and construction of
Monitoring
Construction
sites, labor
camps and
areas
surrounding
elevated
Regularly; during
construction Contractor
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/BB
A
70 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
drain at camp sites.
Check toilets are
close to construction site and
separate toilet for female
workers;
First-Aid kit with
required tools and medicine;
The heavy
construction material to
handled and stored safely
putting due care on public
safety;
Heavy construction
materials at bridge
construction site to be stored
and handled safely; and
Check of personal
protective equipment (PPE)
for worker at the sites.
section
OPERATION STAGE
Tree
Plantation
Check the plantation method
and number of tree species
Inspection to ensure
proper plantation
with
proper species
Areas
surrounding
elevated
section
During June/ July
in first year NGO PIU/BBA/FD
Air Quality
H2S, SOx, NOx, CO, O3,
O2,CO2, TVOC, SPM, PM10,
Humidity, Wind direction,
Air quality standard
by DoE, Bangladesh
Areas
surrounding
elevated
Once in year;
for 3 years BRT Operator PIU/BBA/DoE
71 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
Wind speed, Temperature section
Noise Level dB(A) Noise Pollution
Control Rules (2006)
Areas
surrounding
elevated
section
Once in year
for 3 years BRT Operator PIU/BBA/DoE
Water Quality
Surface water:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3 –N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Total P
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Surface water
sources near
areas
surrounding
elevated
section
1/year
for 3 years BRT Operator PIU/BBA/DoE
Groundwater:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3 –N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Total P
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Ground water
near areas
surrounding
elevated
1/year
for 3 years BRT Operator PIU/BBA/DoE
Traffic Safety Record of accidents,
different level of disabilities/
fatalities.
Not Specified
Areas
surrounding
elevated
section
Full operation
period BRT Operator PIU/BBA
Wildlife Wildlife habitat and
movement Not Specified
Areas
alongside the Quarterly BRT Operator PIU/BBA
72 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
road corridor
Fisheries Impact on fish
productivity, breeding and
spawning
All major
water bodies
At the beginning
and at End of first
year of operation
BRT Operator PIU/BBA
73 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Bus Depot
The Gazipur BRT bus depot located nearby in Gazipur Town, 2 km west of BRRI on the north side of the
Chowrasta-Joydevpur Road, on a public land belonging to the Bangladesh Telecommunication Company
Limited (BTCL). The area of proposed bus depot is about 5 acres (2.023 ha) and will contain parking area
for 138 buses, filling station and maintenance workshop.
Nine kitchen markets of different sizes ranging from 640m2 to 4314m2 has been designed for different
locations along the BRT corridor as part of the urban infrastructure development. Each of the markets will
have sheds for multipurpose stalls, fish and meat stalls, open sales area, a market management committee
office, parking area etc.
A separate EMP has been prepared for the Bus depot, Kitchen markets and Access roads as some of the
impacts of construction and operational activities, particularly during operation, are specific. Some of the
mitigation action and monitoring proposed will have to be continued throughout the operation of these
facilities. While preparing the EMP, medium and significant impacts were considered in detail to
recommend practical mitigation measures.
Table 6: Environmental Management Plan for bus depot, kitchen markets and LGED roads
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
IMPLEMENTATION PHASE: PRE-CONSTRUCTION
Provision of
Early Training
Awareness and Training on
environmental protection
aspects relevant to good
construction practices may
avoid construction period
impacts.
EPCM Consultant and LGED to provide
training as part of the overall awareness
and training programs to be delivered
before construction begin.
Location to
be confirmed
EPCM
CONSULTANT/LGED
EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU/LGED
Tree Cutting
Around 586 trees
including 6 large, 57 medium,
260 small and 263 saplings
will be cut down within bus
depot site due to site
preparation and construction
activities resulting in
potential ecological and
economic loss.
Prohibit cutting of trees for
firewood and for use in project. Gas
cylinders to be used for fuel at the camp
for cooking purposes. Cutting of
trees/bushes for fuel not to be allowed.
Invasive species will not be
introduced into new environment.
When construction work is
completed, trees and understory
vegetation must be planted, in order to
help the cleared areas in an effort to
attract some wildlife such as birds.
Plant at least two trees for
every one tree cut.
Within bus
depot area
LGED/ EPCM
CONSULTANT
PIU
Loss of
Structures and
Public Utility
The house within
proposed bus depot site will
be relocated.
Inconvenience
caused by disruption of
public utility (Power/
Telephone lines).
The householders will be
included in the RAP for compensation
and relocation;
Provision in the design and
budget for the relocation of the existing
utility infrastructures wherever
required.
Within the
bus depot
area
LGED/ EPCM
CONSULTANT
PIU
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
IMPLEMENTATION PHASE: CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Filling up of
water logged
area
Loss of retention
area;
Earthwork activities
during construction stage
may block connectivity with
other water bodies;
Drainage congestion
due to waste disposal and
construction activities.
To deal carefully at design and
planning stages based on hydrological
data.
Regular cleaning of channels to
avoid choking.
Wastes should not be disposed
near water bodies. All waste depending
on its characteristics, should be
disposed of at approved locations.
Near and
around water
bodies
adjacent to
bus depot
area
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
Fisheries Filling of the
canal/pond due to
construction might affect
aquaculture and captive
fisheries.
The excavations for fill
materials may be used retention and
aquaculture
Within bus
depot area
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
Wildlife The terrestrial
wildlife species might be
disturbed due to noise and
vibration at construction sites
and tree felling to cause
dislocation of habitats.
However, presences of
threatened or endangered
wildlife species were not
reported at the site.
New and good condition
machinery with low noise generation
characteristics to be used in
construction.
Construction work not to be
carried out at night.
Within bus
depot area
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
Heritage and
Culture
A mosque was
identified at 50m north-west
side of the project area and
may be in risk of negative
impacts of construction
activities.
Use of modern plant and
equipment with appropriate muffling
devices.
Install temporary noise barriers
near the mosque.
Proper dust collection and
control systems to be installed.
Within bus
depot area
LGED/ Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Surface water Pollution of surface
water may be caused due to
disposal of junk, cement
refuse and effluents in open
water bodies during the
construction of bus depot.
The workforce to be trained in
proper means for storage and handling
of materials and chemicals.
Work camps and work sites to
be provided with toilets and septic
tanks.
Washing of machinery and
vehicles in surface waters to be
prohibited.
Conduct regular water quality
monitoring according to the determined
sampling schedule.
Prevent construction debris
from entering drainage or irrigation
canals.
Wastes to be collected, stored
and taken to approve disposal sites.
Near and
around
water bodies
adjacent to
bus depot
area
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
Groundwater
Contamination of
ground water table from
leachate of construction
waste and wastes from
workers’ camp
Workforce camp will be
located away from water resources. All
practical measures such as provision of
septic tanks, garbage bags and other
sanitation facilities will be implemented
at the construction camp to prevent the
wastewater and solid wastes from
entering well and groundwater recharge
areas.
Groundwater quality
monitoring to be carried out as per the
schedule in the environmental
monitoring plan.
Construction
site at bus
depot area
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Air Quality
Dust Generation due
to construction activities and
transport of construction
materials.
Emissions from
vehicles, equipment and
machinery.
Regular watering at the
exposed sites needed to control dust
blowing.
Vehicles transporting
construction material to be covered.
Construction equipment to be
maintained to a good standard and
idling of engines discouraged.
Machinery emitting visible
smoke to be banned from construction
sites.
Dust masks to be provided to
workers where dust hazards exist.
Conduct regular air quality
monitoring according to the determined
sampling schedule.
Construction
site at bus
depot area
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
Noise and
vibration
Noise from
construction vehicles,
equipment and machinery.
Vibration caused by
construction activities.
All powered mechanical
equipment and machinery to be fitted
with noise abating gear such as
mufflers for effective noise control, in
compliance with DoE regulations.
Providing the construction
workers with suitable hearing
protection like ear cap, or earmuffs etc.
Noise measurement to be
carried out as per the schedule in the
environmental monitoring plan.
Construction
site at bus
depot area
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
Soil
contamination Contamination of
soils at camp and work sites
due to accidental spillage of
noxious chemical, petroleum
derivatives and bituminous
material may happen.
The chemicals, cement,
petroleum derivatives and bituminous
materials to be handled, operate and
stored cautiously.
The construction materials be
stored properly, garbage removed
At work
camp and
construction
site
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
regularly and sites kept clean and tidy.
Construction
Camp and
Workshop
Loss of plantation
and vegetation.
Social disturbance
for nearby community
Construction camp and
workshop to be located away from
sensitive areas.
Water and good sanitation
facilities to be provided for the camp.
Minimise vegetation loss while
making site arrangements for
construction camp and other facilities.
Work site
and
particularly
at
Construction
camp
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
OHS - Workers Health risks due to
unsafe working conditions
Provision of safe water,
sanitary toilet facility and hygienic
accommodation for workers at camp
sites. In addition, ensure provision of
PPEs and First-Aid facility for them.
Work site
and
particularly
at
Construction
camp
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
Community
Health Safety risks due to
construction works
The labour works with
different transmittable diseases should
be restricted within the construction site
and replaced.
Drivers operating construction
vehicles to be trained in road safety
awareness.
Close consultation with local
communities to identify optimal
solutions for diversions to maintain
community integrity and social links.
Provision of proper safety and
diversion signage.
Work site
and
particularly
at
Construction
camp
Contractor EPCM
CONSULTANT/PIU
IMPLEMENTATION PHASE: OPERATION
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Tree plantation
Survival of flora and
fauna in the new
environment.
Undertake monitoring and
maintenance efforts for ensuring
survival of planted trees.
Plantation of tree varieties that
supports birds and sustainable and
having high wood value
Bus depot
area
RHD LGED/ DoE
Soil Contamination of soil
caused due to spillage of
petroleum derivatives and
other chemicals due to
machinery and vehicle
maintenance activities, and
leakage from store-house.
Service machinery and vehicles
strictly at designated maintenance
workshops where waste oils and
lubricants be collected and recycled.
Storage of coolant and oils
should be above ground with bunds so
that immediate soil contamination due
to spillage or leakage can be prevented.
Near and
around the
bus depot
area
Bus Operator/LGED LGED/DoE
Repair and
Maintenance of
vehicles
Accidental spills and leakage
of fuels is to be anticipated in
the Fuelling area.
In the storage area spillage of
Engine cooling liquids, Used
motor oil and Used
transmission oil will be a
problem that can have
significant adverse impacts if
these find their way in to soil,
surface or ground water.
The wash water will contain oil
and grease in addition to dust
and particulate matter from
exhaust.
All spillage of liquids including diesel,
oils, grease and waters will be
collected in a central area and drain to
a common location. This includes rain
waters which will eventually wash
spilled liquids on the surface. These
waters will be treated with decantation
and oil and grease traps to separate oil
and greases to conform to local
regulations prior to releasing them
outside the depot.
Used engine cooling liquids, used
motor oil and used transmission oil
will be stored in leak proof containers
and disposed of safely using approved
methods, to avoid environmental
Near and in
the bus
depot area
LGED/Bus Operator LGED/ DoE
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Diesel combustion gases are
rich in carbon oxide (CO) and
could be fatal if inhaled. The
effect of CO is also
cumulative.
Where repair /maintenance
work is performed on wet
vehicles the floor may
become slippery and may
cause accidents affecting the
safety of the workers.
contamination.
All work stations will be equipped
with devices for complete evacuation
of the engine exhaust gases. The
workshop will be ventilated at any
time and will include appropriate
equipment to extract fumes. Further,
the workshop will be equipped with
CO detectors.
The floor covering will be of material
that it is easy to clean and is slip
resistant
Environmental
Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location
Institutional Responsibility
Implementation Supervision & Monitoring
Water quality Contamination of
water bodies from runoff
from the bus depot containing
oils and grease
Proper drainage system with oil
separators will be provided to avoid
contamination by run-off and oil spills.
Near and
around the
bus depot
area
LGED LGED/ DoE
Waste generation Solid waste and waste water
form market stalls could
contaminate the area and
water bodies. Wash water
from meat and fish stalls
could be issues if proper
collection and disposal is not
provided
If proper sanitary facilities are
not provided sanitation
problems could arise.
.
Solid waste will be managed
by provision of collection bins and
disposal facilities. Provisions will be
made to dispose meat and fish waste
separately at approved locations.
Stall floors will be sealed to
collect and divert the wash water for
proper management.
Public toilet facilities with
utilities as water supply, electricity,
drainage system etc. will be constructed
within the market areas
Kitchen
markets
LGED DoE
Table 7: Environmental monitoring plan for bus depot, kitchen markets and LGED access roads
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Tree cutting Monitoring
activities Inspection Bus depot site
During tree felling
and site clearing
operations
LGED/ EPCM
CONSULTANT
LGED/ PIU/ EPCM
CONSULTANT
CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Air Quality H2S, SOx, NOx, CO, O3,
O2,CO2, TVOC, SPM, PM10
Air quality standard
by DoE, Bangladesh
Construction
site at bus
depot
Twice Contractor LGED/ PIU/DoE/ EPCM
CONSULTANT
Dust Dust control Air quality standard
by DoE, Bangladesh
Construction
site at bus
depot
Regularly Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/
EPCM CONSULTANT
Noise Level dB(A) Noise Pollution
Control Rules (2006)
Construction
site at bus
depot
Twice in a year;
for 2 years Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/
EPCM CONSULTANT
Water Quality
Surface water:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3–N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Total P
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Surface water
near bus depot
site
Twice in a year;
for 2 years Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/
EPCM CONSULTANT
Groundwater:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3–N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Groundwater
near bus depot
site
Twice in a year;
for 2 years Contractor LGED/PIU/ DoE/
EPCM CONSULTANT
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
Total P
Soil Pollution
pH, As, Pb, Hg, Cd,
Cr, Zn;
Check liquid waste
is carried out by experienced
personnel and in proper way.
Careful and proper
handling of oil and other
hazardous liquids.
Government of
Bangladesh (GoB)
and International
Standard
Construction
site near bus
depot
Twice per year for
2 years Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/
EPCM CONSULTANT
Soil Erosion
Visual check for soil
erosion and siltation.
Visual inspection of
erosion prevention measures
and occurrence of erosion.
Government of
Bangladesh (GoB)
and International
Standard
Material
storage sites
and all the
water bodies
near bus depot
Once during rainy
season of the
Construction
period
Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/
EPCM CONSULTANT
Drainage
congestion
Check drainage plan
implemented correctly
Conduct regular
inspection
Monitoring
Construction
site at bus
depot
Weekly during
monsoon Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/
EPCM CONSULTANT
Wildlife Wildlife habitat and
movement Not Specified
Areas adjacent
to bus depot
site
Quarterly Contractor LGED/ PIU/ EPCM
CONSULTANT
Fisheries Impact on fish
productivity, breeding and
spawning
Areas adjacent
to bus depot
site
Once in year Contractor LGED/ PIU/ EPCM
CONSULTANT
Waste
Management
Check storage,
transportation, disposal,
handling of hazardous waste
Monitoring
Construction
site at bus
depot
Weekly Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/
EPCM CONSULTANT
Environmental
Component Parameters
Standards /
Guidelines Locations
Monitoring
Period/
Frequency/
Sampling,
No/year
Responsibility
Implementation Supervision
Health and
Safety
Check quality of
food and accommodation at
construction camp.
Check safe water
supply, hygienic toilet at
camps and construction of
drain at camp sites.
First-Aid kit with
required tools and medicine.
Monitoring
Construction
site at bus
depot
Regularly Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/
EPCM CONSULTANT
OPERATION STAGE
Tree
Plantation
Check the plantation method
and number of tree species
Inspection to ensure
proper plantation
with
proper species
Bus depot site During June/ July LGED LGED/ PIU
Air Quality H2S, SOx, NOx, CO, CO2, ,
SPM, PM10
Air quality standard
by DoE, Bangladesh Bus depot site Monthly LGED LGED/ PIU/ DoE
Noise Level dB(A) Noise Pollution
Control Rules (2006) Bus depot site Monthly LGED LGED/ PIU/ DoE
Water Quality
Surface water:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3 –N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Total P
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Surface water
near project
site
2/year
for 3 years LGED LGED/ DoE
Groundwater:
Temperature, Turbidity, pH,
TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3 –N,
As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,
BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,
Total P
Water quality
standard by DoE,
Bangladesh
Groundwater
near project
site
2/year
for 3 years LGED LGED/ DoE
85 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Figure : Soil Sampling at bus depot and river bed material collection from Turag River
Soil Quality
According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service,
soil quality is the capacity of a specific kind of soil to function, within natural or managed ecosystem
boundaries, to sustain plant and animal productivity, maintain or enhance water and air quality, and support
human health and habitation. The soil in the project area is highly productive and suitable to support
different ecosystems in balance. The land in this area is mostly used for commercial purpose and a few areas
are used for fish cultivation and agriculture.
86 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Figure: General soil map of Bangladesh
During the construction phase of the project, road embankment will be built by carried earth. Hence, there is
the chance of the native soil to be disturbed by the external carried earth. Soil samples collected on 10 June
2014 from 0.5 m depth of the surface at the bus depot (Figure 4.6) and were analyzed in the environmental
laboratory of BUET to assess the current soil quality of the project area. Table 4.5 reflects the test results of
the soil sample collected from the bus depot. Test report of soil analysis proved that soil collected from the
87 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
project area was acidic in nature and contained acceptable amount of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and
mercury (Hg) comparing with the standard of EU Directive 86/278/EEC for land application.
Table 8: Soil quality test results for selected location
Parameter Unit Concentration
(Bus Depot)
EU
Directive
86/278/EEC
for Land
Application
Method of Analysis
Arsenic (As) mg/kg 3.27 -------- USEPA 206.2; SM 3113 B
Lead (Pb) mg/kg 14.1 1200 USEPA 200.9 Rev 2.2; SM 3111 B
Cadmium (Cd) mg/kg 0.6 40 USEPA 212.2; SM 3113 B
Chromium (Cr) mg/kg 14.6 -------- USEPA 200.9 Rev 2.2; SM 3111 B
Zinc (Zn) mg/kg 33.8 4000 USEPA 200.9; SM 3111 B
Mercury (Hg) mg/kg 0 25 USEPA 245.1 Rev 3.0; SM 3112 B
pH --- 4.9 -------- --------
Source: Primary Data of BRT-2, 2014
Turag Riverbed Sediment Quality
Turag is an important river that passes through the border of Dhaka city and Gazipur district. As the river
bed sediments was considered to be highly polluted heavy metals two samples were collected on 9 June
2014 from 50 m downstream and 50 m upstream from the Tongi Bridge (Figure 4.5).
The monitoring results of metal content in sediments are provided in Table 4.6 and indicate no harmful
concentration in any of the samples except the concentration of iron which was the highest at 27800 mg/kg
and 27100 mg/kg for 50 m upstream and 50m downstream, respectively. The probable reason for the high
concentration of iron may be the soil quality of the project area and the effluent discharges from different
industries into the river. The mercury concentration was nil and pH was neutral for both of the locations
which is suitable for land application.
Table 9: Test results of riverbed sediment
Parameter Unit
Concentration Probable Effect
Concentration
(PEC): USEPA,
2000
Turag River
(50m Downstream
from Tongi Bridge)
Turag River
(50m Upstream from
Tongi Bridge)
Latitude 23052′89.3′′ 23052′93.9′′
Longitude 90023′98.0′′ 90024′08.8′′
Arsenic (As) mg/kg 3.6 4.8 33
Lead (Pb) mg/kg 11.2 14.6 128
Cadmium (Cd) mg/kg 0.3 0.3 4.98
Chromium (Cr) mg/kg 32.9 33.9 111
Iron (Fe) mg/kg 27100 27800 -
Mercury (Hg) mg/kg 0 0 1.06
pH - 7.0 7.2 -
Source: Primary Data of BRT-2, 2014
Note: PEC- Probable Effect Concentration, Prediction of sediment toxicity using consensus-based
freshwater sediment quality guidelines, USEPA, 2000
88 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Water Resources and Hydrology
Bangladesh is located over a subsiding basin of tectonic origin overlain with a great thickness of
sedimentary strata. This sedimentary stratum is an unconsolidated alluvial deposit of recent age overlaying
marine sediments. The recent delta and alluvial plains of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and the Meghna Rivers
constitute the upper formation. The near surface Quaternary alluvium contains good aquifer characteristics
(transmission and storage coefficients). The groundwater storage reservoir has three divisions: upper clay
and silt layer, a middle composite aquifer (fine to very fine sand) and a main aquifer consisting of medium
to coarse sand. Drinking water is generally taken from deep tube wells with strainers set between depths of
200 metres to around 400 metres (DPHE, 2011). The groundwater level is at or very close to the surface
during the monsoon; whereas, it is at maximum depth during the months of April and May (Banglapedia,
2010).
Drainage
Dhaka City is surrounded by the Buriganga River to the south, Turag River west to north, Balu River to the
east. The major surface water body near the project is the Turag River that crosses under the BRT project at
about chainage 3+850 to 3+950. The Turag River is navigable by shallow draft transportation where it
crosses under the project. Most of the streams and creeks are perennial.
The river channels surrounding Dhaka enter into the Meghna River. Rapid urbanization has modified the
hydrological system. Water extraction and blocking of some drainage channels have caused localized
waterlogging, accumulated pollution, localized land subsidence, and collapsed buildings in parts of the
metropolitan area.
There are numerous ponds and ditches within 1000 m of either side of the project (Annex 2). Many of these
catch the drainage from either side of the road upon which the project will be constructed.
Table 10: Ponds and ditches within 1000 m of the project corridor
Feature type Distance from main
corridor (m)
Left side (Airport-
Gazipur)
Right side (Airport-
Gazipur)
River 0-100 1 1
101-1000 1 1
Pond 0-100 17 18
101-1000 77 50
Ditch 0-100 23 19
101-1000 83 48
Canal/lake 0-100 1 1
101-1000 7 8
Flooding
Flooding in Bangladesh is a recurring phenomenon. Records show that severe floods occur about every 7
years, and catastrophic floods every 33-50 years. The annual rise in river water levels from Padma,
89 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Bhramaputra and Meghna Rivers combine to pass through a restricted outlet and into the Bay of Bengal. The
tidal levels in the Bay affect the discharge capacity of the lower Meghna. The effects of these high river
water levels extend over most of the country, and are the main determinants of the drainage condition and
capacity. The surface drainage by gravity is limited, but land in the project area is above prevailing flood
levels.
The closure of some important canals within Dhaka city has also aggravated the situation and caused
drainage congestion. It has enhanced localized flooding from rainfall due to drainage system failure. The
combination of external floods from the rivers surrounding Dhaka city and localized drainage problems has
aggravated the flooding situation. However, the project area along Dhaka-Mymensingh Road is not subject
to flooding.
In 1988, dykes were built north and west of Dhaka bounded by rivers Turag, Buriganga and Balu. Large
pumping stations are planned to draw off the rain water. The encircling embankment has been used to form
the city ring road. This embankment protects the city from flooding from the river Turag’s right bank in the
north as far as the left embankment of Buriganga River in the south and west. The city’s embankment also
increased the flooding outside the embanked area, particularly in the low pockets of land, left and right of
the project corridor north of Tongi Bridge (Ch 4+000 m), which may cause periodic floods. Several low
pockets occur within a few km from the project area. However, these low pockets of land are away from the
project, and have interconnected channels draining to the south; thus, the project corridor is itself raised
above the surrounding land. Both sides of the corridor are served with large surface drains, and surface water
is diverted away from the project area along Dhaka-Mymensingh Road. Therefore, no inundation or
flooding of the project corridor is expected.
Surface Water
The project road alignment crosses one major river: Turag. Besides this, there are many ponds and ditches in
the project area (Annex 2). The quality of the surface water surrounding Dhaka and Gazipur district is poor.
Untreated discharge of industrial and municipal effluents into the rivers, swamps, and natural channels
causes water pollution. The manufacturing industries in the area of Tongi discharge effluent into Turag
River, which converges to the Balu and the Shitalakhya Rivers, downstream. The principal industries at
Tongi are aluminium, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. In the area of Gazipur, the industries include
machine tools, heavy diesel plants, security printing presses, armaments and weapons, ceramics, packaging,
bricks, and garments factories. There are new factories near the alignment under development, which could
also affect the water quality in the future.
Surface Water Quality
To assess the current quality of surface water, water samples were collected on 9 to 15 June and 23 July
2014 from four locations along the project alignment (Figure 4.7). Laboratory of Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology (BUET), Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE) and Enviro
Consultants Ltd. analysed the samples. Some of the parameters were monitored at field site with field test
kits.
The pH and EC levels of all samples collected from the project area are presented in Table 4.8 met DoE’s
Surface Water Quality Standard for Irrigation. Surface water temperature varied between 33.7 to 35.9ºC.
The warm water temperatures recorded are typical of the time of year the samples were collected and the
lack of stream shading at most sampling locations. The low DO in all the water samples except at the bus
depot may have resulted from introduction of easily oxidized industrial and municipal organic wastes into
the water which consumed oxygen in decomposition. Turbidity contributed by total suspended sediment
which was higher in the Turag river samples than the rest of two samples is dependent on surface water
flow.
90 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Figure : Surface water sampling at Turag River and bus depot
Table 11: Field test results for surface water samples
Parameter
Unit
DoE Surface
Water
Standard for
Irrigation
Concentration
Turag River
50m Up
Stream of
Tongi Bridge
Turag River
50m Down
Stream of
Tongi Bridge
Board
Bazar Bus Depot
Latitude 23052′56.0′′ 23052′53.6′′ 23056′37.4′′ 23059′42.1′′
Longitude 90024′05.8′′ 90024′00.1′′ 90022′55.2′′ 90023′47.8′′
Temperatur
e 0C 20-300C 35.9 34.8 33.9 33.7
pH - 6.5–8.5 7.62 7.61 7.9 7.5
TDS mg/L NYS 691 700 458 393
EC µS/cm 2250 at 250C 1389 1346 922 803
Turbidity NTU NYS 61 61 28 28.28
DO mg/L ≥5 0.18 0.48 0.2 5.09
Source: Primary Data of BRT-2, 2014
Note: NYS- Not yet set, Cells shaded in light grey show values exceeding DoE Standard for Irrigation, The
Schedule-3(A) of (Standards for Inland Surface Water) Environmental conservation Rules, 1997 have been
considered.
The analytical results of surface water quality are summarized in Table 4.9. Copies of the laboratory analysis
results are provided in Annex 3.
For BOD5 the DoE standard for aquatic life is ≤10 mg/L, which is exceeded to a great extent in all the
sampling locations. The high level of BOD5 indicates the presence of excessive amount of organic matter in
the water. Very high COD levels were recorded at all points and among them the maximum values for COD
were found at the sampling point near Board Bazar.
Ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in all the surface water samples were found to be high which
indicates the discharge of municipal wastewater from the surroundings to the surface water body. In
addition, industrial and domestic waste and the slum areas are major sources of pollution. The slums in and
91 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
around the sampling locations were reported to be using open air toilets which adds to microbiological
pollution of surface water. As a result, biological parameters as total coliform and faecal coliform, for the
samples, were too numerous to count. Moreover, low flow of water, lack of rainfall and increase in
temperature also contribute to the pollution level of surface water.
Among the toxic metals, arsenic and manganese were monitored and their concentrations were found to be
at low levels for all locations.
Table 12: Analytical test results for surface water samples
Parameter
Unit
DoE Surface
Water
Standard for
Irrigation
Concentration
Turag River
50m Up
Stream of
Tongi Bridge
Turag River
50m Down
Stream of
Tongi Bridge
Board
Bazar
Bus
Depot
BOD5 mg/L ≤10 44.52 41.4 57.24 23.88
COD mg/L NYS 99.2 96 133.33 80
TSS mg/L NYS 186 179 98 93
Iron (Fe3+) mg/L NYS 0.0098 0.0090 0.0079 0.0061
Manganese (Mn) mg/L NYS 0.41 0.39 0.28 <MDL
Ammonia-Nitrogen
(NH3-N) mg/L 1.2 15.63 14.28 10.78 17.13
Total Nitrogen mg/L NYS 0.75 0.72 12.21 11.64
Total Phosphorous mg/L NYS 7.38 7.18 7.8 9.3
Arsenic (As) mg/L NYS 0 0 0.002 0.001
Total Coliform (TC) CFU/
100ml ≥1000 TNTC TNTC TNTC TNTC
Faecal Coliform (FC) CFU/
100ml NYS TNTC TNTC TNTC TNTC
Source: Primary Data of BRT-2, 2014
Note: TNTC-Too numerous to count, MDL- Minimum detection limit, NYS- Not yet set, Cells shaded in
light grey show values exceeding DoE Standard for Irrigation, The Schedule-3(A) of (Standards for Inland
Surface Water) Environmental conservation Rules, 1997 have been considered.
Groundwater and Groundwater Quality
In and around Dhaka, groundwater is a stable source of water for various activities including irrigation (both
shallow and deep tube wells), domestic purposes (hand pumps) and industrial applications (deep wells) in
the project area. The groundwater table in most of Bangladesh exists at a shallow to moderate depth
(generally less than 3 m below surface). There are semi-confined and unconfined aquifers, which are being
recharged by major river systems and by infiltration of rain water. The groundwater table fluctuates with
seasons approaching near ground surface (less than 1 m below surface) over most of the country during wet
season (July-September). The level of groundwater in the project area in the dry season is lowered to about 6
m below surface before the end of monsoon. Groundwater extraction has increased more than 900% over the
last 30 years, resulting in the lowering of the water level by 20 m below surface in some places.
92 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Groundwater samples were collected on 9 to 16 June and 23 July 2014 from the hand pumped shallow tube
wells near the project corridor (Figure 4.8). The samples were analysed in BUET, DPHE and ECL
laboratory in Dhaka. Among all the parameters Temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electric
Conductivity (EC), Turbidity and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) were analysed at the field site and the
concentration of those parameters except DO were within the DoE’s Potable Water Quality Standard
(PWQS) which are presented in the Table 13.
Table 13: Field test results for groundwater samples
Parameter
Unit
DoE Potable
Water Quality
Standard
Concentration
Tongi Bridge Board Bazar Bus Depot Shivbari
Latitude 23052′51.1′′ 23056′34.1′′ 24000′03.3′′ 24000′05.6′′
Longitude 90023′57.8′′ 90022′53.7′′ 90023′39.0′′ 90024′58.2′′
Temperatur
e 0C 20-300C 27.4 28 28.1 26.9
pH - 6.5–8.5 6.97 6.97 7.16 7.22
TDS mg/L 1000 219.5 658 239 204.8
EC µS/cm NYS 452 1318 484 425
Turbidity NTU 10 0.0 0.00 2.0 5.62
DO mg/L 6 1.75 2.8 3.33 2.04
Source: Primary Data of BRT-2, 2014
Note: NYS- Not yet set, Cells shaded in light grey show values exceeding the ECR PWQS, The Schedule-
3(B) of (Standards for Potable Water) Environmental conservation Rules, 1997 have been considered.
The laboratory analytical test results of the groundwater samples are presented in Table 4.11 and found to be
within the acceptable limits set by the DoE except for total phosphorous concentration. The microbial
quality (Total coliform and Fecal coliform) for all the locations was also in the allowable limit of DoE. In
Board Bazar, the groundwater quality fluctuated due to the high concentration of COD, BOD5, Manganese
and Total Phosphorous. In the case of arsenic and other metals, the groundwater quality was found to be
within the DoE’s drinking water standards. To sum up, the groundwater adjacent to the project corridor is
suitable for human consumption.
Table 14: Analytical test results of ground water quality in BRT project area
Parameter
Unit
DoE
Potable
Water
Quality
Standard
Concentration
Tongi
Bridge
Board
Bazar
Bus
Depot Shivbari
BOD5 mg/L 0.2 0.02 0.45 0.26 0.64
COD mg/L 4 3.2 6.4 2.88 1.6
TSS mg/L 10 4 8 9 11
Fe+3 mg/L 0.3-1.0 0.014 0.013 0.0099 0.018
Manganese mg/L 0.1 0.13 0.27 0.13 0.13
Ammonia-Nitrogen mg/L NYS 0.24 0.27 0.18 0.1
93 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Figure 4.8: Groundwater sampling at Board Bazar and Tongi Bridge
Parameter
Unit
DoE
Potable
Water
Quality
Standard
Concentration
Tongi
Bridge
Board
Bazar
Bus
Depot Shivbari
(NH3-N)
Total Nitrogen mg/L 1.0 0.26 0.26 0.28 0.29
Total Phosphorous mg/L 0.0 0.18 0.35 0.27 0.39
Arsenic (As) mg/L 0.05 0.001 <MDL 0.002 0.001
Total Coliform (TC) CFU/
100ml 0.0 0 0 0 0
Fecal Coliform (FC) CFU/
100ml 0.0 0 0 0 0
Source: Primary Data of BRT-2, 2014
Note: MDL- Minimum detection limit, NYS- Not yet set, Cells shaded in light grey show values exceeding
the ECR PWQS, The Schedule-3(B) of (Standards for Potable Water) Environmental conservation Rules,
1997 have been considered.
Air Quality
Ambient air quality data at various locations of the project corridor was measured to establish a baseline
database. The aim was to identify areas that already have high pollution levels or are expected to experience
so, on account of the road project, and to design adequate mitigation measures, as applicable.
Motor vehicles and traditional brick kilns are two of the main causes of air pollution in the project area.
More recently, several industrial undertakings have also contributed to increasing air pollution. The main air
pollutants in Dhaka City are nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2), total suspended particles (TSP)
and PM10 (particulate matter with diameter of 10 microns or smaller), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon
dioxide (CO2), ozone (O3), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and hydrogen sulphide (H2S). Motor
vehicles are the major source of PM pollution. Most of the PM pollutants (greater than 80%) come from
diesel-run vehicles. In the low-lying agricultural land surrounding Dhaka city, hundreds of brick kilns which
contribute to high levels of particulate matter, operate during the dry months November– April.
Dispersal of pollutants depends upon factors like prevailing wind direction and other weather conditions,
atmospheric stability, height of the source.
94 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
In order to monitor ambient air quality at five locations, the field investigation was undertaken on 11 to 12
June 2014. One hour sampling was done in each of the locations for all of the parameters. Measured ambient
air quality data are recorded in Table 15.
Table 15: Ambient air quality test results for five locations along the project corridor
Parameter Unit
Sampling Location
Bangladesh
Standard
(ECR, 2005) Airport
Tongi
Station
Road
Board Bazar Joydevpur
Chowrasta Bus Depot
Latitude 23051′02.3′′ 23053′33.6′′ 23056′41.6′′ 23059′22.3′′ 23059′42.3′
′
Longitude 90024′31.5′′ 90024′07.9′′ 90022′57.8′′ 90022′55.3′′ 90023′46.8′′
TSP µg/m3 1544.95 1277.77 782.25 2048.33 335.22 200 (8 hrs.)
PM10 µg/m3 260.8 136.11 101.61 444.99 41.79 150 (24 hrs.)
SO2 µg/m3 97.72 15.64 20.6 28.38 6.35 365 (24 hrs.)
NOX µg/m3 396.31 165.25 134.03 176.27 50.74 100 (Annual)
O3 µg/m3 18.24 11.46 12.65 14.76 2.34 235 (1 hr.)
O2 % 20.9 20.9 21.03 20.89 20.9 NYS
CO mg/m3 9.86 9.69 16.42 10.98 9.64 40 (1 hr.)
CO2 mg/m3 473.77 483.13 470.27 479.01 418.85 NYS
TVOC mg/m3 0.0 0.01 0.0 0.0 0.0 NYS
H2S mg/m3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NYS
Temp 0C 28.23 27.92 37.36 36.74 27.22 NYS
Humidity % 75.95 71.57 58.90 61.76 75.98 NYS
Wind Speed m/sec 0.55 0.54 0.81 1.52 0.54 NYS
Wind
Direction Degree
266.980
South-West
165.360
South-East
185.550
South-West
174.800
South-East
2650
North-West NYS
Source: Primary Data of BRT-2, 2014
Note: NYS- Not yet set; Cells shaded in light grey indicate concentration levels in excess of DoE standard,
the amended schedule-2, 2005 of (Air Quality Standard) Environmental Conservation Rules 1997 have been
considered.
From the analysis, it was established that TSP levels exceeds the DoE standard for ambient air quality (DoE,
2005)6 for all observation points. Likewise, the concentration of NOx was higher than the standard limit for
all the locations except at the location for the Bus Depot. Moreover, PM10 also exceeds the DoE standard
limit at Airport and Joydevpur Chowrasta. Other parameters as O3, CO, and SO2 were within the standard
limit set by the DoE. In most of the cases, TSP, NOx, and PM10 were high possibly due to heavy traffic
movement and idling engines during traffic jams. TSP, PM10 and NOx contribute to degradation of ambient
air quality and damage to public health which may lead to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases or lung
cancer. The ambient air quality monitoring reports are provided in Annex 3.
6 DoE. 2005. Schedule-2 Air Quality Standards. Environmental Conservation Rules. Ministry Of Environment and Forests, GoB
95 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Figure : Ambient air quality monitoring at Airport and Board Bazar
Noise Level
Noise from vehicles is a major pollutant in the streets around the BRT alignment, as vehicular traffic is more
or less continuous during the day with trucks dominating the night time traffic. The ECR provides an
ambient standard of Leq 70 dB (A) (daytime) and Leq 60 dB (A) (night time) for commercial areas that
includes most of the project area. Within 100 m of schools and hospitals, the ambient standard is Leq 50 dB
(A) (daytime) and Leq 40 dB (A) (night time). The standard for residential areas is Leq 55 dB (A) (daytime)
and Leq 45 dB (A) (night time) (DoE, 2006)7.
Noise level data were collected in the same locations as air samples, at five locations, 2 times/day at
different traffic congested areas on 11 to 12 June 2014. Noise level monitoring was conducted during day (6
am to 9 pm) and night time (9 pm to 6 am).
Table 16: Noise level at five locations along the project corridor
Sampling
Location GPS Location
Noise Level (dB) Leq
Date and Time Day Time Date and Time Night Time
Airport N 23051′02.3′′
E 90024′31.5′′
16/06/2014,
5:56 - 6:56 PM 84.60
16/06/2014,
12:58 -1:58 AM 86.26
Tongi Station
Road
N 23053′33.6′
E 90024′07.9′′
15/06/2014
6:14 - 7:14 PM 87.16
15/06/2014,
9:45 -10:45 PM 84.65
Board Bazar N 23056′41.6′′
E 90022′57.8′′
15/06/2014
10:12 - 11:12
AM
96.86 15/06/2014,
11:09-12:09 AM 86.67
Joydevpur
Chowrasta
N 23059′22.3′′
E 90022′55.3′′
16/06/2014,
9:12-10:12 AM 97.68
16/06/2014,
10:38 -11:38 PM 94.89
Bus Depot N 23059′42.3′′
E 90023′46.8′′
16/06/2014,
10:30 - 11:30AM 53.50
16/06/2014,
9:09 -10:09 PM 51.86
Bangladesh Standard for Noise Level
(Noise Pollution Control Rules, 2006)
Day Time
(6 am-9 pm)
Night Time
(9 pm-6 am)
Silent Zone 50 40
7 DoE. 2006. Amended Schedule 4, Environmental Conservation Rules. Ministry of Environment and Forests, GoB
96 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Sampling
Location GPS Location
Noise Level (dB) Leq
Date and Time Day Time Date and Time Night Time
Residential Area 55 45
Mixed Area 60 50
Commercial Area 70 60
Industrial Area 75 70
Source: Primary Data of BRT-2, 2014
Note: Cells shaded in light grey indicate noise levels in excess of Noise Pollution Control Rules of ambient
noise limits, the amended schedule-4 of (Noise Level) Environmental Conservation Rules 1997 have been
considered.
From the analysis results, it is observed that the noise level exceeds DoE standard limit for all the locations
both in day and night time. For Board Bazar, Tongi station road and Airport (Hazrat Shahjalal International
Airport) noise level both in day and night time exceeded DoE standards (DoE, 2006)8. The noise level for
Joydevpur Chowrasta was much higher than the DoE’s standard limit for commercial zone. As the Bus
Depot is in the residential area, the noise level was comparatively lower than the other four locations, but it
also exceeded the DoE’s residential zone standard. At the airport, the noise level at night was found a little
bit higher than the day time where higher traffic movement was observed at night. However, at this location
the noise level both during day and night exceeded DoE standards for commercial zone (DoE, 2006) 9. The
selected monitoring locations except Bus Depot were over congested with traffic and may have caused high
noise levels. The noise monitoring reports are provided in Annex 3.
8 1997. GoB. Amended Schedule 4, Environmental Conservation Rules. Ministry of Environment and Forests 9 Environmental Conservation Rules, 1997. Ministry of Environment and Forests
97 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
Figure: Monitoring of noise and vibration level during day and night at Gazipur Chowrasta
Vibration Level
Ground vibrations produced by road traffic and other activities along the road alignment were monitored to
establish a baseline database. The same locations as for noise were used for vibration measurements. The
vibration data were collected at daytime (6 am-9 pm) and night time (9 pm-6 am) on 11 to 12 June 2014.
The magnitude of vibration generated and expressed as Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) was measured in
millimetres per second (mm/s). Measured vibration level data are recorded in Table 17.
Table 17: Vibration level at five locations along the project corridor
Sampling
Location GPS Location
Vibration (mm/s)
Date and Time Day Time Date and Time Night Time
Airport N 23051′02.3′′
E 90024′31.5′′
16/06/2014,
5:56 - 6:56 PM 0.10
16/06/2014,
12:58 -1:58 AM 0.06
Tongi
Station
Road
N 23053′33.6′
E 90024′07.9′′
15/06/2014
6:14 - 7:14 PM 0.07
15/06/2014,
9:45 -10:45 PM 0.05
Board Bazar N 23056′41.6′′
E 90022′57.8′′
15/06/2014
10:12 - 11:12
AM
0.10 15/06/2014,
11:09-12:09 AM 0.04
Joydevpur
Chowrasta
N 23059′22.3′′
E 90022′55.3′′
16/06/2014,
9:12-10:12 AM 0.10
16/06/2014,
10:38 -11:38 PM 0.05
Bus Depot N 23059′42.3′′
E 90023′46.8′′
16/06/2014,
10:30 - 11:30AM 0.05
16/06/2014,
9:09 -10:09 PM 0.03
Source: Primary Data of BRT-2, 2014
The vibration level measurement along the proposed project corridor investigated the ground level vibration
induced by the traffic movement. Ground level vibration is mainly produced due to the rolling of wheels on
the road surface when passing over irregularities of the road. At day time measurement, the vibration level
was higher for all the locations except Bus Depot area due to heavy traffic movement. On the other hand, the
vibration level was lower for all the locations at night.
98 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
CHAPTER3
RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND COMPLIANCE MEASURES
Table : Actual Observation of Monitoring Results
Monitoring
parameter
Method of
monitoring
Location Frequency of
monitoring
Monitoring
Results
National
Standard
Remarks
Water Shown in
table 1
-DO
-PH
-BOD
Air Shown in
table 1
-PM2.5
-PM10
-SOx
-NOx
Noise (dB)
Shrillness of
Shown in
table 1
Sound Shown in
table 1
Soil
Fertility of
soil
Shown in
table 1
Construction works of GDSUTP (BRT, Gazipur-
Airport) is still to commence. Results of
environmental monitoring and compliance
measures shall be elaborately described during the
construction stage. Record on disclosure of
monitoring information will be possible to furnish
once the construction works begin in early 2016.
99 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)
CHAPTER 4
RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
1. Identification of key issues on affected ecosystems, or complaints from affected people, or recommendations for improvement;
2. Monitoring adjustment measures recommended based on monitoring experience/trends and stakeholders response;
3. Proposed items of focus for the next report and due date.
Construction works of GDSUTP (BRT, Gazipur- Airport) is still to commence. Identification of key issues
on affected ecosystems or compliant from affected people could be described only after commencement of
construction of the proposed road. Results of environmental monitoring and compliance measures shall be
elaborately described during the construction stage. Recommendation for improvement and monitoring
adjustment measures shall be furnished once the construction works begin in early 2016