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Environmental Physiology Chapter 29

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Page 1: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Environmental Physiology

Chapter 29

Page 2: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 2Fig. 29-1, pg: 879

PlasmaGrowth

Hormone(mg/dl)

Plasma Cortisol(mg/dl)

Metabolic Rate

(ml O2/hr)

Body temperature (ºC)

Light cycle

Darkcycle

Heart Rate(beats/min)

Page 3: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 3

Page 4: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 4

Page 5: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 5

Page 6: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 6

Page 7: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 7Fig. 29-2, pg: 882

Min

ute

Ven

tila

tio

n, l

iter

s/m

in

PO2. mmHg

Page 8: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 8Fig. 29-3, pg: 883

Min

ut e

Ve n

t ila

tio

n (

li ter

s/m

in)

Time (hours)

Hypoxia AirAir

Page 9: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 9Fig. 29-6, pg: 884

Work capacity

Cell efficiency(metabolic)

Ventilation

Circulatinghemoglobin

Cardiac output

YearsMonthsWeeksDays

Page 10: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 10Fig. 29-9, pg: 885

O2 = 14.5%CO2 = 5.5%N2 = 80%

Descent

HyperventilationNormal Ventilation

O2 = 17%CO2 = 4%N2 = 79%

O2 = 11%CO2 = 3%N2 = 86%

Page 11: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 11Fig. 29-10, pg: 886

During diveBefore

Hea

rt r

ate

(b

eats

/min

ute

)

Time (seconds)

After dive

Page 12: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 12Fig. 29-11, pg: 887

Dep

th (

feet

)

1/8 liter

1/4 liter

1/2 liter

1 liter

Sea level

Page 13: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 13

(c) 2003 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Fig. 29-12, pg: 887

Air cylinders

First stagevalve

Hose

Demandvalve

Mask

Page 14: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 14Fig. 29-16, pg: 891

Normal lung Atelectasis

Mixedvenousblood

Alveoli

Pure O2Air

PO2 = 100 mm HgPCO2 = 40 mm HgPN2 = 573 mm HgPH2O = 47 mm Hg

Total 760 mm Hg

PO2 = 55 mm HgPCO2 = 45 mm HgPH2O = 47 mm Hg

Total 147 mm Hg

PO2 = 668 mm HgPCO2 = 45 mm HgPH2O = 47 mm Hg

Total 760 mm Hg

PO2 = 40 mm HgPCO2 = 45 mm HgPN2 = 573 mm HgPH2O = 47 mm Hg

Total 705 mm Hg

Page 15: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 15Fig. 29-17, pg: 893

(b)

Loop

Dive

1G = (- 4G) = -3G

1G + 3G = 4G

(a)

Page 16: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 16Fig. 29-19, pg: 896

Integration ofThermal Signals

Cold Receptors

Sympathetic Discharge

CutaneousVasoconstriction

AcceleratedHeart & Respiration

Rate

Piloerection

Stimulationof

Hypothalamus

Stimulation of Thyroid and

Adrenal Glands

Stimulationof

Shivering Thermogenesis

Increased Metabolismand

Heat Production

Page 17: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 17Fig. 29-20, pg: 896

Bodytemperature

Foodintake

Metabolicrate

Skintemperature

Acclimatization

Cold exposure

Before exposure

Page 18: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 18Fig. 29-21, pg: 900

To trachea

Dust particles

Goblet cell

Ciliated epitheal cell

Lumen ofbronchus

(a)

(b)

Gel layerMucusSol layer

Cilia

Page 19: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 19Fig. 29-22, pg: 901

EngineExhaust

Blood

Lungs

Lead in Air, Food and Water

Paint Water

Smelters(Lead & Copper)

Excreted inUrine

Deposited(Bone, Gut,Renal, Nervous)

Digestive Tract

Feces

Page 20: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 20Fig. 29-23, pg: 901

Gut

Kidneys

Circulatorysystem

Brain andspinal cord

Bone

Page 21: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 21Fig. 29-24, pg: 902

Cerebellum(affects balance)

Gut

Kidney

Liver

Inorganicmercury

Organicmercury

Frontal cortex(affects personality)

Visual cortex(affects vision)

Page 22: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 22Fig. 29-25, pg: 902

Kidneys 33%

Liver 14 %

Lungs 3%

Page 23: Environmental Physiology Chapter 29. Slide 2 Fig. 29-1, pg: 879 Plasma Growth Hormone (mg/dl) Plasma Cortisol (mg/dl) Metabolic Rate (ml O 2 /hr) Body

Slide 23Fig. 29-26, pg: 902

Citricacid cycle

Oxidative phosphorylation

ADP + PO4

ATP

Coenzyme-2H


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