enzim isomerase 6.pptx

8/11/2019 ENZIM ISOMERASE 6.pptx

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ISOMERASE ENZYME10412002 Halida Balebi

10412003 Rohmah Nasada Tuita

10412013 Qonita Afinanisa

10412016 Fadilla Zahra Putri

10412020 Ruli Fatmawati

10412021 Faizah Khoirunnisaa

10412023 Ratna Eka Putri

10412025 Nurhayati Abdullah


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Enzyme Classification Based on

International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

EC 1 : Oxydoreductase

EC 2 : Transferase

EC 3 : Hidrolase

EC 4 : Lyase

EC 5 : Isomerase

EC 6 : Ligase


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ISOMERASESThe fifth class of enzyme that catalyze structural changes within

a molecule. There is only one substrate and one product with

nothing gained or lost, so they represent only a change in shape.

Isomers have the same molecular formula but differ in their

structural formula. These differences can change the chemical

properties of the molecule.


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EC (Enzyme Commission) number: scheme by numeric

nomenclature based on catalyzed reaction, consist of 4 digit

number

5.x.y.z5 : isomerase enzyme

x: subclass (based on type isomerism)

y: sub- subclass (based on type of substrate)

z: enzyme sequence


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TRIVIAL NAME(SUBSTRATE) (ISOMERASE/TYPE OF ISOMERASE)


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.

X(subclass) Y(sub-sub class) Z(enzyme

sequence)

Contoh

5.1

Racemases

and

epimerases

(racemizationand

epimerization

of a centre of

chirality)

5.1.1

amino acids and derivatives

5.1.1.1-

5.1.1.18

EC 5.1.1.3

glutamate racemase

5.1.2

hydroxy acids and derivatives

1-6 EC 5.1.2.6

isocitrate epimerase

5.1.3

carbohydrates and

derivatives

1-23 EC 5.1.3.21

maltose epimerase

5.1.99

other compounds

1-5 EC 5.1.99.2

16-hydroxysteroid epimerase

5.2cis-trans-

Isomerases

5.2.1enzymes that rearrange the geometry

at double bonds (cis-trans isomerases)

5.2.1.1-5.2.1.10

EC 5.2.1.1malat isomerase


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X

(subclass)

Y

(sub-sub class)

Z

(enzyme

sequence)

Contoh

3

Intramolecular

oxidoreductase

s

1

Interconverting in the sugar series,

aldoses and ketoses, and related

compounds (sugar isomerases)

1-28 EC 5.3.1.5

D-xylose aldose-ketose isomerase

2

catalysing a keto-enol equilibrium

1-2 EC 5.3.2.1

Phenylpyruvate keto-enol isomerase

3

enzymes shifting a carbon-carbon

double bond from one

position to another

1-15 EC 5.3.3.8

dodecenoyl-CoA isomerase

4

enzymes transposing S-S bonds

1 EC 5.3.4.1

protein disulfide-isomerase

99

a group of miscellaneous enzymes

1-9 EC 5.3.99.9

neoxanthin synthase

4

Intramoleculartransferases

1

acyl group

1-2 EC 5.4.1.1

Lysolecithin 2,3-acylmutase

2

phospho group

1-10 EC 5.4.2.1

D-phopoglycerate 2,3 phospomutase

3

amino group

1-10 EC 5.4.3.6

tyrosine 2,3-aminomutase

4

hydroxy group

1-3 EC 5.4.4.3

3-(hydroxyamino)phenol mutase99 1-18 EC 5.4.99.11


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X

(subclass)

Y

(sub-sub class)

Z

(enzyme sequence)

contoh

5

Intramolecuar lyase

1

Berdasarkan waktu

ditemukan

1-16 EC 5.5.1.5

3-carboxy-2,5-

dihydro-5-oxofuran-

2-acetate lyase

99

Other isomerase

1

Sole subclass of

isomerase that do

not belong in the

other subclasses

1-4 EC 5.99.1.3

DNA topoisomerase


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EC 5.1.1.1Accepted name: alanine racemase

IUBMB name : EC 5.1.1.1

Reaction: L-alanine D-alanine

Other name(s): L-alanine racemase

Systematic name: alanine racemase

EC 5. Isomerase

EC 5.1 Racemases and epimerases

EC 5.1.1. amino acids and derivatives

EC5.1.1.1

Alanine racemase


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Mechanism Reaction


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EC 5.2.1.1Accepted name: maleat isomerase

IUBMB name : EC 5.2.1.1Reaction: maleate fumarate

Systematic name: maleat cis-trans-isomerase

EC 5. Isomerase

EC 5.2 CisTrans Isomerase

EC 5.2.1. Cistrans Isomerase

EC5.2.1.1 Maleate Isomerase


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Mechanism Reaction


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Mechanism Reaction


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EC 5.3.1.5Accepted name: Xylose Isomerase

IUBMB name : EC 5.3.1.5

Reaction: D-xylose D-xyluloseD-glucose D-fructose

Other name(s): D-xylose isomerase; D-xylose ketoisomerase; D-xylose ketol-isomerase

Systematic name: D-xylose aldose-ketose-isomerase

EC 5. Isomerase

EC 5.3 Intramolecularoxidoreductases

EC 5.3.1. Interconverting aldoses and

ketoses, and relatedcompounds

EC5.3.1.5

Xylose isomerase


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Mechanism Reactions1. Isomerization proceeds via

a hydride-shift mechanism.

enzyme binds the closed

form of its sugar substrate

(in the case of glucose, only

the alpha anomer)

catalyzes ring opening to

generate open-chain

conformation that is

coordinated to one of the

metal sites2. Hydrogen transfer is the

rate-determining step for the

enzymes.

Essential histidine

functions to stabilize the

transition state byhydrogen bonding to the

C5 hydroxyl group of the

substrate,

enabling a metal-catalyzed

hydride shift from C2 to C1.


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EC 5.4.2.1

Accepted name: phosphoglycerate mutase

IUBMB name : EC 5.4.2.1Reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate 3-phospho-D-glycerate

Systematic name: D-phosphoglycerate 2,3- phosphomutase

EC 5. Isomerase

EC 5.4 Intramolecular transferases

EC 5.4.2. phospho group

EC 5.4.2.1 MaleateIsomerase


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Mechanism Reaction

(a) 3-phosphoglycerate binds to the phosphoenzyme.

(b) Transfering the phosphoryl group to the substrate forms theintermediate 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate. The enzyme must notrelease the intermediate in order to remain active.

(c) 2-phosphoglycerate with phosphoenzyme.

Cronk, J.D. 2012


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EC 5.5.1.7

Accepted name: chloromuconate cycloisomerase

IUBMB name : EC 5.5.1.7Reaction: 2-chloro-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate 3-chloro-cis,cis-muconate

Other name(s): muconate cycloisomerase II

Systematic name : 2-chloro-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate lyase (decyclizing)

EC 5. Isomerase

EC 5.5 Intramolecular lyases

EC 5.5.X. Intramolecular lyases (only

sub-subclass identified todate)

EC 5.5.1.7 Chloromuconatecycloisomerase


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Mechanism Reaction

Chloromuconate cycloisomerase converts 3-chloro-cis,cis-muconate to cis-

dienelactone (cis-4-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-4-olide by either

dehydrohalogenation of 4-chloromuconolactone or, more directly, by chlorideelimination from the enol/enolate intermediate


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EC 5.99

(Other isomerases)

This subclass containsmiscellaneous enzymes in

a single sub-subclass (EC

5.99.1).

Examples : thiocyanateisomerase, DNA

topoisomerase, 2-

hydroxychromene-2-

carboxylate isomerase


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References

Chanitnun, K., Pinphanichakarn, P. 2012. Glucose(xylose) isomerase production byStreptomyces sp. CH7 grown on agricultural residues. Braz. J. Microbiol., 43(3) : 1 7

Cronk, J.D. 2012. Phosphoglycerate Mutase.

http://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/biochem/P-

index.cfm?definition=phosphoglycerate_mutase. Diakses pada tanggal 16 September

2014.

Lee, C. Y., Bagdasarian, M., Meng, M. H., Zeikus, J. G. 1990. Catalytic mechanism of xylose(glucose) isomerase from Clostridium thermosulfurogenes. Characterization of the

structural gene and function of active site histidine.J Biol Chem, 265 (31):19082-90

http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Organic_Chemistry/Organic_Chemistry_With_a_Biological_Em

phasis/Chapter_14%3A_Reactions_with_stabilized_carbanion_intermediates_II/Section

_14.4%3A_Pyridoxal_phosphate_-_an_electron_sink_cofactor

http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC5/http://www.enzyme-database.org/downloads/ec5.pdf

Setiyabudi, L. 2008. Analisis Komputasi, Isolasi, Ekspresi, Purifikasi, dan Karakterisasi

Triosephosphate Isomerasedari Trypanosoma cruziStrain Ninoa.

http://old.analytical.chem.itb.ac.id/coursesdata/96/moddata/forumtt/13/456/EC._5.3.1.

1_TPI_10505090_LuluSetiyabudi.doc. Diakses 16 September 2014

enzim isomerase 6.pptx

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