E.O. 7 Study Guide

World History

Vocab TermsModernization: Building a stable government while developing a country economicallyUrbanization: Movement of people from rural areas to citiesWesternization: Adopting to western ideasMultinational corporation: Enterprise with branches in many countriesDesertification: Spreading of desert areas

Vocab TermsApartheid: Policy of strict racial segregation in South AfricaEthnic cleansing: Policy of killing or forcibly removing people of certain ethnic groupsEuro: Common currency used by member nations of the E.U.Deficit: Gap between what a government spends and what it takes in through taxes and other sources

Vocab TermsRecession: Period of reduced economic growthEmbargo: Ban on tradeJihad: Vigorous, emotional crusade for an idea or principlePartition: To divide

Who were the two superpowers following World War II?

United States and the Soviet Union

During the Cold War, what was the goal of American foreign policy?

Stop the spread of communism (containment)

How did the Cold War become a global conflict?

New emerging countries allied with the U.S. or the Soviet Union

What was an effect of the global Cold War?

Increased political tensions worldwide

Why did European imperialism end?

Countries lacked the will to fight for their colonies

What peacekeeping organization was created after WWII?

United Nations

What organization was created in 1948 to promote

democracy, economic cooperation and human rights?• Organization of American States

What does OPEC do?Regulates the price of crude oil among member countries

What is NAFTA responsible for?

Eliminating trade barriers within North America

What is an effect of urbanization in developing countries?

Weakened kinship ties

How has technology created a global culture?

Spreads ideas rapidly across borders

What poses the most immediate challenge to many developing nations?

Population growth

What was a result of developing countries borrowing money from the West?

Many countries spent much of their income trying to pay back their debt

Name three features of the Global South.

Underdeveloped, poor, dependent on the North for technology and high-quality goods

Name three features of the Global North.

Developed, wealthy, dependent on the South for resources and inexpensive labor

Why was Germany able to reunite?

The collapse of the Soviet Union

In 1962, where did the Soviets establish a

missile base that nearly brought nuclear war?

Cuba

What Soviet leader initiated reforms that led to the collapse of the Soviet Union?

Mikhail Gorbachev

Following WWII, what was the U.S. goal in Japan?

Ensure democracy, end militarism

Name three problems faced by new nations of SE Asia?

Instable governments, population growth, debt

Name three distinct differences between North and South Korea.

Biggest difference is economy. North is communist. South is modernized.

Who led China to becoming a Communist country?

Mao Zedong

During the Cold War, what was the American priority in SE Asia?

Stop the spread of communism

Following WWII, what factors led to Japan’s economic success?

Efficient, modern factories, adapted to the latest technology, and high-quality exports

Tensions between what two groups resulted in the partition of India?

Hindus and Muslims

Name three issues that have troubled Latin America.

Illegal drug trade, high poverty, low access to education

Name three global issues that have had a negative effect on Africa.

AIDs, desertification, poverty, instable governments, deforestation, ethnic conflict

What was an effect of growing cash crops in Africa?

Led to food shortages and starvation

Why did colonial borders cause problems for new African nations?

Forced people together from different ethnic groups; led to ethnic tensions

What is the conflict between Palestinians and Jews centered on?

The claim by both groups that is is their homeland

Why did many in the Middle East support the revival of Islam?It offers an alternative to their social and economic problems

What independent state was established by the UN as a Jewish homeland?

Israel

Why are water rights a vital issue in the Middle East?

One country’s source of water often lies in another country

Name a country and give three issues that affect that country.

Name three ways that the Cold War dominated world politics after WWII?

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Name three differences between the Global North and South.

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