Era V; Unit 7

Africa

(text in green is for notes)

Africa

The student will demonstrate an understanding of the political, cultural,

geographic, and economic conditions in sub-Saharan Africa from about 1500 A.D. (C.E.) to

about 1800 A.D. (C.E.) by

• a) locating major societies in Africa in time and place and identifying major geographic features;

I. Geography

A. Major Societies in Africa

• Songhai

• Kongo

• Asante

• Zulu

• Ethiopia

B. Major Geographic Features

• Sahara Desert

• Niger River

• Congo River

• Horn of Africa

• Cape of Good Hope

Africa

Songhai

Kongo

Kongo

Asante

Ashanti Yam Ceremony

Zulu

British Zulu War

Ruins of Great Zimbabwe

Ethiopa

The student will demonstrate an understanding of the political, cultural,

geographic, and economic conditions in sub-Saharan Africa from about 1500 A.D. (C.E.) to

about 1800 A.D. (C.E.) by

• b) comparing and contrasting the development of social and cultural patterns in East Africa and West Africa;

II.Social and Cultural Patterns in West Africa

A. Songhai

–Rulers= Islam

–People= indigenous religions

–Trade relationships= cultural center

–Timbuktu= big city

B. Asante (Ashanti)

– Indigenous religion and language

–Threats from European invasion and other African empires= militaristic society

Timbuktu

Timbuktu in Mali

The Slave Trade

• The trans-Saharan slave trade started in the 600s as Muslim Arabs conquered most of North Africa

• the trade grew significantly from the 10th to the 15th century and peaked in the mid-19th century

Point du Non Retour• (Point of No Return)

Ghana- European target for gold- slaves(St. George’s Castle)

African exports

• Slaves

• (triangular trade)

• Raw materials

• (ivory, gold)

Gold from Africa• 1471- first to arrive at the coast- Portuguese

• they encountered a variety of African kingdoms– some controlled substantial deposits of gold in the soil

• 1482- Portuguese built the first European settlement

the Gold Coast

• traded slaves, gold, knives, beads, mirrors, rum and guns

• news spread quickly, other traders arrived• English• Dutch• Danish• Prussian• Swedish• these European traders built several forts along the

coastline• called the Gold Coast

Manufactured goods from Europe, Asia, and the Americas

Africa- imports

Gold from Africa

• continues today

Gold from Africa

Ghana gold mine

Lake Volta, Ghana

Africa- new food-from the Americas• Corn

• Peanuts

III. Social and Cultural Patterns in East Africa

Ethiopia

– Trade= influence of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam

– Religion and European interaction= conflict

The student will demonstrate an understanding of the political, cultural,

geographic, and economic conditions in sub-Saharan Africa from about 1500 A.D. (C.E.) to

about 1800 A.D. (C.E.) by

• c) comparing and contrasting the development of social and cultural patterns in Central and Southern Africa; and

IV. Social and Cultural Patterns in Central and Southern Africa

A. Kongo

–Portuguese missionaries= conversion of the entire kingdom to Christianity

–Art= elaborate, using wood, cloth, and terra cotta

B. Zulu

– Indigenous religion (ancestral spirits and magic)

–Oral history (stories in native language)

The student will demonstrate an understanding of the political, cultural,

geographic, and economic conditions in sub-Saharan Africa from about 1500 A.D. (C.E.) to

about 1800 A.D. (C.E.) by

• d) explaining the development of political and economic systems in African societies.

V. Political and Economic Systems in African Societies

A. Songhai

–Political System= absolute monarch (military and an imperial bureaucracy)

– Economic System= based on trade of slaves and gold to North Africa across the Sahara Desert and overseas

Political and Economic Systems in African Societies

B. Asante (Ashanti)

–Political System= elimination of clan tradition in favor of a unified government under a central leader

– Economic System= based on trade of slaves and gold to North Africa across the Sahara Desert and overseas

Political and Economic Systems in African Societies

C. Ethiopia

–Political System= monarchy centered in Christianity

– Economic System= based on trade of gold, ivory, and frankincense across the Sahara Desert and overseas

Political and Economic Systems in African Societies

D. Kongo–Political System= monarch with centralized

power over a bureaucracy – Economic System= based on agriculture,

metallurgy, and trade of ivory and slaves E. Zulu

–Political System= monarch with centralized power over a bureaucracy

– Economic System= based entirely on agriculture and livestock

NOW SUMMARIZE ALL THAT INFO TO THE G.O. PROVIDED

the end