Islamic Republic of AfghanistanMinistry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock (MAIL)

Afghanistan Strategic Grain Storage Project

Environmental and Social Management Plan

For

Mazar-e-Sharif Silo Building Rehabilitation, Shadian Avenue, Mazar-e-Sharif City, Balkh Province

April, 2017

Table of Contents

ACRONYMS.....................................................................................................................................III

1. INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1

2. SUB-PROJECT LOCATION......................................................................................................2

3. SUB-PROJECT DESCRIPTION.....................................................................................................2

3.1 Alternatives Considered and Reasons for their Rejection............................................................33.2 General Scope of Work.................................................................................................................33.3 Construction Methodology and Activities....................................................................................4

4. BASELINE OF THE SUB-PROJECT AREA...................................................................................4

4.1 Traffic Pattern and Density...........................................................................................................44.2 Water Resource.............................................................................................................................54.3 Land use Pattern............................................................................................................................54.4 Biological Environment................................................................................................................5

4.4.1 Status of Flora....................................................................................................................................5

4.4.2 Status of Fauna...................................................................................................................................5

4.5 Sanitary Conditions.......................................................................................................................54.6 Movement.....................................................................................................................................5

5. SCREENING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATIONS.............................................5

5.1 Impacts Analysis for Construction Phase.....................................................................................55.1.1 Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures.....................................................................................5

5.1.2 Sitting of the Sub-Project....................................................................................................................6

5.1.3 Erosion of land...................................................................................................................................6

5.1.4 Dust generation..................................................................................................................................6

5.1.5 Construction Waste.............................................................................................................................6

5.1.6 Water Consumption and Requirement................................................................................................6

5.1.7 Vibration and Noise............................................................................................................................7

5.1.8 Fuel storage........................................................................................................................................7

5.1.9 Emissions............................................................................................................................................7

5.1.10 Traffic Flow......................................................................................................................................8

5.1.11 Safety of workers during construction..............................................................................................8

5.1.12 Safety of workers during operation...................................................................................................8

5.1.13 Employment......................................................................................................................................9

6. IMPACTS ANALYSIS FOR OPERATIONAL PHASE......................................................................9

6.1 Vibration and Noise Impact..........................................................................................................96.2 Emissions......................................................................................................................................96.3 Illumination...................................................................................................................................96.4 Fire and Emergency....................................................................................................................106.5 Water Consumption....................................................................................................................106.6 Wastewater discharge.................................................................................................................106.7 Fumigation..................................................................................................................................106.8 Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement........................................................................11

7. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP)............................................11

7.1 Objectives of ESMP....................................................................................................................117.2 ESMP Process.............................................................................................................................117.3 Roles and Responsibilities..........................................................................................................12

7.3.1 Construction Supervisor...................................................................................................................12

7.3.2 Safeguard Officer.............................................................................................................................12

7.3.3 Contractor........................................................................................................................................12

8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MONITORING...................................................................28

8.1 Compliance Monitoring..............................................................................................................288.2 Effects Monitoring......................................................................................................................28

9. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM.........................................................................................34

9.1 Complaints and Grievances........................................................................................................349.2 Grievance Redress Committee (GRC)........................................................................................34

10. CAPACITY BUILDING...............................................................................................................35

11. RECORD KEEPING...................................................................................................................35

11.1. Complaints Records.................................................................................................................3511.2 Non-Compliance Report (NCR)...............................................................................................3611.3 Monthly Internal Reports..........................................................................................................36

12. MONITORING AND EVALUATION............................................................................................36

12.1 Internal monitoring and reporting..........................................................................................36

13. EXTERNAL MONITORING........................................................................................................37

14. CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................37

ANNEXES........................................................................................................................................37

Annex I..............................................................................................................................................37Annex II............................................................................................................................................39Annex III...........................................................................................................................................44Annex IV...........................................................................................................................................46Annex V............................................................................................................................................47

Acronyms

AP Affected Person PIU Program Implementation Unit

APCs Affected Person Committees PSS Project safeguard staff

CDC Community Development Council RAP Resettlement Action Plan

DP Displace persons RPF Resettlement Policy Framework

ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment SGRP Strategic Grain Reservoir Project

EMA External Monitoring Agency USSR United Socialist States of Russia

ECOP Environmental Code of Practice WB World Bank

ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework WHO World Health Organization

ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan

ESSU Environmental and Social Safeguards Unit

FAO Food and Agricultural Organization

GOA Government of Afghanistan

GRC Grievance Redress Committee

GRM Grievance redress mechanism

GRS Grievance Redress Services

HH Households

HQ Headquarters

MAIL Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock

M&E Monitoring and Evaluation

MRRD Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development

NGOs Non-Government Organizations

NEPA National Environmental Protection Agency

NPS National project safeguard staff

OP/WB Operational Policy/Bank Procedure of the World Bank

O&M Operation and Maintenance

PDO Project Development Objective

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1. Introduction

Agricultural production in Afghanistan consists mainly of wheat, horticulture, nuts, and poppy. Wheat accounts for more than 60 percent of total areas cultivated, with a total area of around 2.4 million hectares almost equally split between irrigated and rain-fed cultivation. Wheat and its related activities such as logistics, and milling represents around 6.5 percent of the national GDP (with 70 percent comes from irrigated wheat).

Recently, the government of Afghanistan has developed an ambitious plan to achieve self -sufficiency of wheat within five years through increased productivity, and minimizing post -harvest losses, in parallel the government is prioritizing the establishment of a grain reserve to respond to these unforeseen shocks, mainly through purchase quantities of the locally grown wheat

As a response to such emergency situations such as a shortage of supply of wheat in the country, the Government of Afghanistan through the Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, and Livestock (MAIL) is planning to establish a Strategic Grain Reserve program. Establishing such a reserve requires solid storage conditions and modernized facilities that can efficiently utilize storing the projected quantities of wheat.

The main amenities, required to manage building operations, will include water, electricity, illumination, fire protection/safety, solid waste management and sanitation. All these provisions must be included in the sub-project design. A brief about the facilities are given below:

Water demand for the building and its auxiliary facilities will be provided by the DAIL during construction work, water shall be supplied through water tankers;

Sewerage system (Sewerage lines and septic tank) shall be provided to cater to sewage, from the building;

Electricity will be supplied through DAIL, and there will be standby generators for emergency use. It is anticipated that construction contractor will use his own power generator to carry out construction work; and

Fire extinguisher and alarm system would be installed.The site is located in Mazar city, Shadian road. The infrastructure around site is composed of residential area. There is no significant flora and fauna found on site. The screening study suggests that there would be no considerable impacts of the sub-project on social and environment during both construction and operational activities, and if some issues arise, the management would take proper mitigation measures. It is also concluded from the study that all aims and objectives of the ESMF and Afghanistan Environmental law (2007) have to be followed during both construction and operational phases.

Figure -1: View of Mazar Silo

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2. Sub-Project location

The Mazar-e-Sharif Silo is located approximately 3 km south of the City center. It is located at the north-east corner of the main Shadian road running north to south of the city and the Kantinarha road running east to west of the city. The Silo is surrounded mostly by low-rise single family residential development and a mix of commercial and Industrial plants. Residential development is extended to the south of the Silo site.The location of Mazar Silo site for the project is given in Figure -2 below:

Figure -2: Silo Site Location Google Map

3. Sub-Project Description

This Silo was constructed in 1984 and has a capacity of 40,000 Ton storage. The complex consists of two main entrances off of the main road, weigh bridges (scales), a Grain Intake building, the main Silo storage building, a flour mill, two warehouses, administration buildings, and miscellaneous service buildings. The Silo officials emphasized on the need of repairing the Silo flour Mill as there is no capacity in the city and villages for people to receive wheat and make flour. During the discussion, it was clearly expressed that the scope of this project is not covering any work to repair and rehabilitate the flour Mills. Currently, the Mill has the capacity of producing around 60Ton flour per day.

Figure -3: Arial view of Mazar-e-Sharif Silo

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3.1 Alternatives Considered and Reasons for their Rejection

Since the Proponent owns the site, no alternatives have been proposed. The site is suitable due to the following reasons:

It has easy approach and has well-known location; The site is purely Silo’s property; The site does not contradict the status of the proposed activities; Water supply and sanitation facilities are adequately available in this site; Electricity, telephone facilities are available; Transport is available round the clock; Electric power supply already provided; Nearby hospital facility; and Nearby banking facility;

3.2 General Scope of Work

1- Dismantle existing machinery.Dismantle old equipment in the silo and move the dismantled items for storage to designated areas within the silo compound: Belt conveyors for grain intake, silo bin loading, silo bin unloading Bucket Elevators Grain Cleaners Dust control system - Fans, cyclones, piping Ducting for grain Electrical cabling, trays, control panel The 35 t Weighbridge

2- Enlarge/ reduce/close access holes/openings in floor s labs/walls as necessary for new equipment and electrical cabling

3- Install new rep lacement equipment Silo replacement equipment One 100t weighbridge Grain laboratory equipment

4- Install new equipment ( extension) for a grain bagging facility: Conveyor Bagging bin Bagging scale Bag closing machine/ Bag conveyor Bag stacker

5- Test and commission newly ins ta l led equipment6- Training of staff:

Silo equipment operation Silo equipment maintenance

7- Recommended spare parts (mechanical & electrical) for 2 years trouble free operation8- Provide basic tools and equipment for silo machinery maintenance9- Preparation o f as-built drawings for:

Mechanical works Electrical works

The building will have following facilities / arrangements / salient features:

Fire alarms and fire extinguisher at each floor (dry and hydrant) Septic tank Imported tile flooring landscaping Water supply facility (Basement should avoid from water connection to prevent seepage

to the foundation). Emergency exits

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Standby generators for power supply Plumbing fixtures

3.3 Construction Methodology and Activities

The design of the building is a reinforced concrete construction. The building foundation will be accomplished by the ground excavation, lean concrete, and raft foundation. Frame structure building and block masonry will be used as structure construction techniques. All beams and columns will be made by reinforced concrete. Stone, Sand, Cement, Steel, aluminum frames, tiles, glass and crush are the main items for construction.

During construction of the sub-project it will be made sure that less machinery and equipment s to be used, construction area is enclosed properly by corrugated fences and construction debris and waste material carried away from the site and disposed- off in the location showed in contractor mobility map.

Figure -4: Contractor Mobility Map

4. Baseline of the Sub-Project Area

Description of the baseline environmental, social and economic conditions of the sub -project area includes data gathered from the field study and secondary sources. The description of the field study methods and the key findings of the survey (biophysical, social and health). The purpose of this description is to provide baseline information on the existing status of the sub-project area.

4.1 Traffic Pattern and DensityTraffic pattern and density observed for Shadian Avenue to assess traffic flow, and correlate such observations to the levels of air pollution and noise along the road. The infrastructure in the surrounding of building site is quite good. The main road at, which the sub- project site at present is about 80 Meters wide.

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4.2 Water Resource

Surface water would be the main source of supply for the sub-project through the existing Silo water supply network.

4.3 Land use Pattern

The building will be rehabilitated on presently Silo property, (Annex IV) based on official construction agreement between Afghanistan and ex USSR in 1977.

4.4 Biological Environment

4.4.1 Status of Flora

The site is almost a barren piece of land. Only few trees in the sub-project site to be saved, consequently there is no endangered, threatened or vulnerable floral species has been found from the site.

4.4.2 Status of Fauna

There is no wildlife noted from the site. However, some burrow faunal species such as mouse or rats etc. may be present at site. The arthropods such as earthworms may be present in the area. No endangered, threatened or vulnerable faunal species has been found from the site .

4.5 Sanitary Conditions

The sanitary conditions in the sub-project area are inadequate and need improvement by constructing proper sewerage system.

4.6 Movement

The sub-project site is well connected to the rest of the city through Shadian Avenue. Private cars, public transport including Van and taxi are the principal means of transportation to other cities. The vehicular movement is significant and fluent. The telephone facilities are adequately available. In addition to landlines, the people use mobile phone facility provided by various service providers.

5. Screening of Environmental Impacts and Mitigations

The level and types of the impacts from the s u b - project activities will not significantly adverse, as the building on this site has no major effect on natural resources and existing infrastructure. However, it will require facilities such as sewerage system. The environmental impacts of the building occur at local and site scales. Because of building, rehabilitation and operation, they are usually site specific, while indirect impacts would be insignificant. Negative impacts considered in bellow distinct areas.

Design stage Construction stage Operations stage

The likely positive impact of the silo is that, it shall enhance the esthetic value to the area. The construction phase of the sub-project will place demands on the provision of building materials such as stone, bricks, cement, sand, aggregates, timber and steel. Although there may be temporary benefit to the local economy, as well there will be no causing labor shortages in other sectors of the work force and in the local labor market.

5.1 Impacts Analysis for Construction Phase

5.1.1 Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures

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All information collected during screening, critically assessed to evaluate impacts due to construction and operation of the sub-project. These impacts related to physical and social environment of the area. Impact assessment further followed by suggesting the mitigation measures to reduce the severity of impacts and for management of the all activities during the sub-project construction and operation stages.

5.1.2 Sitting of the Sub-Project

No flora and fauna will be disturbed as the site is almost barren and is located in the purely commercial area. In the neighborhood of the sub-project area, only commercial activities exist, for instance, markets and road near the sub-project site. No any commercial and non-commercial activities will be disturbed as there will be no heavy machinery movement and the sub-project work mostly has planned for labor intensive.

5.1.3 Erosion of land

The exposed soil after excavation is vulnerable to erosion and runoffs by rains. However, such a situation is temporary and will exist only during the construction phase before landscaping and concreting of the area is carried-out.M i ti g a t i on : Cover open soil especially during monsoon season until concreting and landscaping is carried- out.

5.1.4 Dust generation

Earth moving activities and offloading of construction material generate small amount of dust. Since the location is in commercial area and surrounded by the population, this activity can cause nuisance, especially for site workers and residents living in the neighborhood.

M i ti g a t i on : Following are the mitigation measures to be adopted by the contractor to handle the impacts.

Construction activities shall be done within the premises. Exposed surface will be regularly sprinkled to effectively keep airborne dust levels to minimum.

Its workers should wear dust masks, especially during dry and windy weather conditions.

The construction material will be transported during nighttime in properly covered loaders.

5.1.5 Construction WasteDuring construction activities solid waste will be generated such as concrete waste, steel, wooden scaffolding, cement bags, excavated soil, wood remains etc. This waste has the potential to cause negative impact on the surroundings if not properly managed and disposed to approved dumpsites.M i ti g a t i on : The following are the main mitigation measures that will help in the impacts management with respect to construction waste:

Unusable construction wastes such as damaged pipes, left over steel, wooden and plastic pieces must be disposed-off preferably for recycling. All remaining waste should be further taken away to approved dumpsite (also it has market for further recycling purposes).

It will be encouraged to re-use waste soil and concrete material from existing construction works. Such material can be used as fillers in making large concrete floor areas.

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5.1.6 Water Consumption and RequirementThe Contractor shall pump the ground water for the sub-project construction activity; it is likely to lower the water table temporarily. More importantly, the same water is not source for the population residing in the adjoining communities then there will be no negative impact on socio-economy of the area.

M i ti g a t i on : These measures will assist in the mitigation of the anticipated impacts.

The water requirement for various construction activities and purposes has to be estimated and for extraction of groundwater motors of two inches size to be installed at site.

Water consumption to be monitored regularly The groundwater shall not be used for the human consumption unless its quality is

tested for its fitness Storage tanks to be made leak proof and deemed fit by safeguard officer Most of the time tanker water should be utilized as it will not affect the supply to the

Silo and neighboring buildings.

5.1.7 Vibration and NoiseIt is expected that the construction activity is going to generate low levels of noise and vibrations around the sub-project site. Earth moving equipment, concrete works, welding, cuttings etc., will mainly generate these disturbances. Diesel generators used for power supply during construction works will be another continuous source of noise and vibration. These impacts are short term and only limited to initial phases of the construction works.

M i ti g a t i on : Following measures will be adopted to reduce the impacts of noise and vibration generation sources.

Working hours for movement of moving machineries shall be from 6-6:30 am. Movement of dump trucks that will be initially used for hauling of construction

materials shall be between 8-10 pm. The noise generating machinery and the equipment shall be silencer fitted to

minimize the noise levels. The diesel operated generations shall be provided proper canopy to control

excessive noise generation.

5.1.8 Fuel storageStorage of fuel becomes unsafe if it is improperly stored. The leaked or spilled fuel due to improper storage has potential to harm the personnel nearby through ingestion and dermal contact. This fuel can also affect the quality of soil and groundwater and can result in environmental accident in case of fire caused by leaked fuel.

M i ti g a t i on : Impacts related to fuel storage may be avoid by adopting these measures.

Adequate numbers of fire extinguishers to be keep near the fire hazards. Overall, there is no need to have fuel storage at site, as the location is very close to

the fuel station.

5.1.9 EmissionsIn case management uses the diesel generators, there is a chance of smoke emission from the generator exhausts. This emission can affect the personnel working in the neighborhood and accumulation of gases (CO2, CO, NOx) in the ambient air and can pose threat to the people living in the vicinity. Moreover, emissions produced by the transport movement related to the sub-project will also increase the pollution in the environment. Following measures are required to be adopted:

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M i ti g a t i on : The exhaust vent of generator should be at adequate height to avoid any localized

dispersion. It should also contain the muffles. The generators should be regularly maintained. Regular preventive maintenance should be conducted in order to prevent the

excessive emission levels. The diesel operated generators shall be covered under a canopy.

5.1.10 Traffic Flow

As the site is located in commercial area and lot of people has their own transport, therefore, during construction activity, traffic flux around the site will be increased due to Contractor’s vehicles, which will further increase the traffic, especially during day and some other peak times.

M i ti g a t i on : Traffic flow can easily be managed by considering the following measures:

Allocate night timings for movement of heavy traffic related to site to avoid day time congestion of traffic.

Working hours for movement of moving machineries shall be from 6 -6:30 am. Movement of dump trucks that will be initially used for hauling of construction

materials shall be between 8-10 pm.

5.1.10.1 Traffic Management Plan

The construction activities may result in traffic blockage on Mazar-Shadian road and will create inconvenience for the local road users. The following arrangements proposed to avoid this situation and facilitate smooth traffic flow:

5.1.10.2 Material TransportationThe following routes have been proposed for transportation of construction material to the site

i. Proposed Traffic Routs for Aggregate Carrying Loaders: The crushed stone from quarries site at distance from the sub-project site 20 km, Mazar-Shadian road shall be used for transportation of aggregate.

ii. Proposed Traffic Routs for Cement Carrying Loaders: The cement for the construction purposes could be procure from local market of Mazar-e-Sharif city.

iii. Proposed traffic Routs for Steel/iron and Sand Carrying Loaders: The steel/iron and sand could be purchase from the local market of Mazar-e-Sharif city.

5.1.11 Safety of workers during constructionThe safeguard officer should make sure that workers use the Personnel Protective Equipment (PPEs) during working hours, especially while working on heights, in confined places and in the dust and noise.

M i ti g a t i on : It should be ensure that the construction supervisor has First Aid training. The First Aid box should be placed on site and local hospitals and other emergency organizations’ contact addresses and numbers should be available at all times on site. An emergency vehicle should remain standby at the site.

5.1.12 Safety of workers during operationThe safeguard offer along with the construction supervisor should provide necessary trainings to the silo staff (for both skilled and unskilled employees) on first aid, use of PPEs i.e. safety gears, masks, protective cloths, especially during fumigation and other operation works, Health Safety and

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Environment (HSE), especially about sanitation, cleanliness and hygienic aspects during operation stage and proper and rigid supervision from the safety system. In the meantime, public health, air quality, soil and water contamination, noise and vibration, vehicle speed, traffic management and all community safety aspects should be properly managed during operation.Mitigation:

Provision of PPEs trainings and equipment Regular preventive maintenance should be conducted in order to prevent the

excessive emission levels. Allocate night timings for movement of heavy traffic related to site to avoid day time

congestion of traffic. Working hours for movement of moving machineries shall be from 6 -6:30 am. Movement of trucks that used for hauling of materials shall be between 8-10 pm. The noise generating machinery and the equipment shall be silencer fitted to

minimize the noise levels. The diesel operated generations shall be provided proper canopy to control

excessive noise generation. Byproduct/wastes (liquid and solid) such must be disposed-off preferably for reuse and

recycling. All other unusable remaining wastes should be further taken away to approved dumpsite.

5.1.13 EmploymentThe sub-project is expected to generate the numbers of employment opportunities. There will be 60-70 semi- skilled and skilled workers, those will be associated with the sub-project during construction phase. This will have a positive impact on the local economy. However, sub-project management should be careful about hiring the construction staff; they must consider workers’ behavioral aspects and make sure that they possess adequate experience of similar projects.

6. Impacts Analysis for Operational Phase

6.1 Vibration and Noise Impact

During operations, there will be some sound and vibration generating units in operation such as diesel generator and high-pressure horns. It is expected that the noise levels close to these units would be exceeding 85 dB (A). People working nearby these units can be affected by noise and vibration over an extended period of time.

M i ti g a t i on : During operations, following measures may less impact of vibration and noise.

The location for generator to be designed in soundproof enclosure in the building vicinity.

Preference to be given to equipment having low acoustic levels.

6.2 Emissions

Emissions will mainly generate from diesel generators and exhaust of vehicles. If generator’s vent is set at lower heights, the exhaust gases are likely to disperse locally and cause localized pollution to the site staff and neighboring community. Moreover, emissions produced by the visitors’ vehicles will increase the pollution in the environment.

M i ti g a t i on : Impacts of emissions may be reduced to prescribed level by attempting the following measures:

Monitor all exhausts at regular frequency. Carry out regular preventive maintenance of the generators.

6.3 Illumination

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There will be extensive internal and external lighting in and around the building area. Purpose of external lighting is to provide safe movement for vehicles and pedestrians over frequented routes. However, at the same time external lighting has a potential to cause nuisance to the neighboring communities.

M i ti g a t i on : it may be avoided or reduced by keeping the illumination levels at minimum for all external lighting

6.4 Fire and Emergency

Fire is the major threat for the service like offices. As building has all the ingredients of any offices, hence protective measures should be in place to protect it from the fire. Fire can cause huge losses to fixed assets and has the potential to harm the people working inside the building and in the surrounding area.

M i ti g a t i on : Risks involved with the fire hazard may be mitigating by adopting following measures:

Standard fire and smoke detection and protection devices such as alarms, fire extinguishers, fire hydrants to be provided.

The facility should possess a detailed emergency and evacuation plan that must be regularly drilled.

6.5 Water Consumption

The water demand for the Silo will be very more during operational phase, The existing Silo source will fulfill this demand, and if demand increases in future; groundwater can also be used for same purpose after conducting groundwater study.

M i ti g a t i on : A groundwater source, if available in sufficient quantity will develop into a well-water system, to meet the daily requirements, which will minimize the use of municipal water. However, it is recommended to adopt following mitigation measure for efficient water management:

Water storage and distribution system should be safe and fool proof so that there are no chances of contamination and leakages in the system.

Water quality must be regularly checked if it is used for human consumption.

6.6 Wastewater discharge

Low amount of wastewater will be generated by the different operations of the Silo.

M i ti g a t i o n : Impacts mentioned above will be managed in the following manner:

For sewage and other foul water, construction of waste water treatment plant is the only option to reduce the negative impacts. The water from the treatment plant should be disposed-off in the main sewerage system of the city and if not available the grey water should be disposed-off away from any settlement preferable in timber producing plantations.

6.7 FumigationIn order to kill grain pests at all stages of their life cycle (egg, larva, pupa, adult), phosphine gas needs to reach, and be maintained at, a concentration possible only in a gas-tight storage.

M i ti g a t i o n : Impacts mentioned above will be managed in the following manner: To control insects at all life stages the only option is to fumigate in a gas-tight storage. Cool grain temperatures require a longer fumigation period.

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Aeration fans fitted on gas-tight silos provide a number of benefits including a shorter ventilation period following fumigation.

The total time required for effective fumigation ranges from 10–17 days, accounting for the minimum exposure period, ventilation and withholding period. This highlights the importance of monitoring grain regularly and at least 17 days before out-loading to allow sufficient time to fumigate if required.

6.8 Land Acquisition and Involuntary ResettlementMazar-e-Sharif silo will be rehabilitated on existing government land, therefore there will be no land acquisition and involuntary resettlement and the existing land is free of squatters and encroachers, thus the preparation of Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) is not require. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and The Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) have been established to allow stakeholders submit their grievances to at least one member of GRC, the details are provided in section # 9 and sub-section # 9.2.7. Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)

In order to in-line the mitigation measures and their proper implementation, Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) has been prepared for the assistance of proponent. This plan will guide the stakeholders throughout the sub-project to keep safe the environmental, social and work place conditions as well as compliance with the ESMF and Afghanistan Environmental Law (2007). The ESMP outlines the details required to manage environmental, safety and occupational risks arising from the sub-project activities as well as social issues. This plan also comprises the ESMP monitoring plan.

7.1 Objectives of ESMPEnvironmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) of SGR Project, essentially provides the implementation mechanism for the environmental and social mitigation measures during sub-project implementation stages. The basic objective of the ESMP is to manage, prevent, and mitigate potentially adverse impacts of the sub-project interventions in a way that minimizes the adverse impact on the environment and people of the sub-project area of the each silo facility. The specific objectives of the ESMP are to:

Facilitate the implementation of the environmental and social mitigation measures identified during the assessment;

Assign responsibilities for project proponent, contractors, consultants, and other members of the sub-project team for the preparation and implementation of the environmental and social management of the sub-project;

Define a monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters to ensure effective implementation of the mitigation measures;

Assess environmental training requirements for different stakeholders at various levels; and Describe communication and documentation requirements.

7.2 ESMP Process

The ESMP consists of the following parts and defines the methods and procedures of implementation.

Organizational structure and roles and responsibilities of the sub-project personnel; Specific requirements for the implementation of the ESMP; Mitigation or impact management matrix; and Monitoring plan with the emphasis on specific parameters to monitor it

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The preparation of the ESMP has involved an extensive and detailed program of investigation into the processes involved and consultation of concerned issues with the sub-project management. It is comprehensive to assist the concern party in its implementation.

During the construction phase, the contractor will have a Health, Safety and Environment (HSE)/ Safeguard focal point, whose role will be to implement all safeguard related issues as per the mitigation matrix in the ESMP.

During normal operations of the sub-project, Silo will assign all specific environmental and social related actions as per the mitigation and monitoring matrices.

7.3 Roles and Responsibilities

SGR PIU is the responsible authority for implementing the sub-project and managing all environmental and social risks arising out of it. Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) will be the integral part of the sub-project policy. Therefore, committing to reduce the environmental and social impacts will reflect the management’s approach and belief that good performance in this area is identical with running well-managed and efficient sub-project operations. During the construction phase, main responsibility of safeguard performance will reside with the construction supervisor, who will be assisted in monitoring of daily activities by safeguard officer.

7.3.1 Construction Supervisor

The role of Construction Supervisor is very important. The success of the ESMP will mainly depend upon effective management of the ESMP by this person. Following are some of the roles and responsibilities given to the Construction Supervisor.

To ensure that the staff and the Contractor are complying with the conditions placed in the ESMP.

To improve coordination and exchange of information between SGRP, MAIL, and Contractors;

To monitor the progress on implementation of the ESMP

7.3.2 Safeguard Officer

The role of Safeguard Officer will be vital during the construction phase. He/ She will be the key advisor on Safeguard issues to the Construction Supervisor of the sub-project. The Safeguard Officer will be responsible:

To integrate the aims and objectives of the ESMP implementation; To maintain a balanced, holistic approach to the solution of

concerned issues in accordance with the compliance to the ESMF requirements;

To provide professional guidance on questions relating to the Safeguard management and issues raised by Contractor; and The reporting on smooth implementation of the ESMP

7.3.3 Contractor

The main responsibility for all matters pertaining to environment and social those mentioned in the ESMP will be rest with the Contractor. The roles and responsibilities of the Contractor will consist of the following basic points:

To carry out construction activities in environmentally and socially sound manner; To coordinate with the Safeguard Officer to resolve issues that may arise during

construction phase; The responsibility to manage and implement environmental and social practices as per

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the ESMP; and To manage construction crew and reduce the environmental and social impacts.

7.3.3.1 Contractor’s ObligationsThe following steps have been suggested for proper management of traffic on routes to be used for material transport:

I. Clearly mark the working strip using marker poles, hazard tapes, etc., in order to provide indication to vehicles and personnel passing nearby and to prevent unauthorized entry in to the working strip;

II. Wherever required, provide adequate passage for the construction machinery such that it is adequate to allow movement of equipment/vehicle;

III. Install temporary direction signs at appropriate locations in Silo to guide drivers towards access road to working strip;

IV. Use Hazard tapes at the excavated areas in order to warn the vehicles / people passing nearby, display appropriate signboards.

V. Control speed limits by applying speed boards close to the construction works. Restriction on playing radio/tapes at high volumes

A comprehensive ESMP matrix is presented in Table-2 below:

Table 2: Environmental and Social Management Matrix

S:No Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation MeasuresResponsibility Indicator

Execution Monitoring

Design Phase

1 Site selection Involuntary resettlement

Mazar-e-sharif silo will be rehabilitated on existing silo land (government land) which is free of squatters and encroachers

Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) preparation will not require as there is no land acquisition and involuntary resettlement

Safeguard andDesign teams

PIU/MAIL Preparation of RAP or abbreviated action plan

2 Design considerations

Risk of flooding The design will ensure that facilities remain safe from flood

Appropriate rising of the foundations will be carried-out if the available sites are not currently at the appropriate level.

Appropriate drainage system will be included in the facility design.

Safeguard, GIS and Design teams

PIU/MAIL Flood RiskManagement plan

14

3 The existing facilities may need to rise to meet the minimum height to avoid flood level, thus, each of the site will need soil.

Loss to Agriculture and/or Grazing Land

The possible sources of material should be identified at the design phase. The contractor needs to comply with the identified sources. If necessary the contractor will identify the sources of material which will not impact the existing agricultural land and grazing land.

If the adjacent agriculture land is used for collecting earth, the contractor will ensure the top soil are put aside during collection and put back to the earlier place after collection. The location of stockpiling of construction material, construction camp site and debris from the demolished structure should be identified. The locations will neither the agricultural/grazing land nor the location which will create problem to the adjacent areas including residential, school, masjid etc. and local people.

Safeguard, GIS and Design teams

PIU/MAIL Flood RiskManagement plan

4 Design ofwaste disposal facilities

Soil and water contamination

Appropriate waste collection and disposal systems will be included in the design of the Silo facilities and ancillaries.

Appropriate waste including sewage disposal facilities such as septic tanks and soaking pits of adequate size and capacity will be included in the design of the office and housing facilities.

Safeguard andDesign teams

PIU/MAIL Waste disposal facilities installation

5 Borrow areaSelection for extraction of earthen material.

Loss of habitat andincrease in Soil erosion;Loss of fertile soil;obstruction in natural drainage

Selection of borrow areas bearing no natural habitats and approved by SGRP and communities’ members; as far as possible not in erodible and steep slope areas

The contractor has to extract the material from the specified and demarcated borrow areas.

No agricultural land will be used as a borrow area needed and appropriate, particularly at work sites and near the communities.

Safeguard team

PIU/MAIL/Silo, Communities

Approved areas selected and marked in Contractor Mobility Map

15

6 Location of stockpiling of constructionmaterial,construction camp and debrisfrom thedemolished structure

Damage to the Existing Infrastructures

The design will ensure location of stock piling of construction material, construction camp and debris from the demolished structure has been identified. The locations will not create problem to the adjacent areas including residential, school, mosque etc. and local people.

The safeguard officer prepares the action plan for the contractor on the work plan which will identify the sources of material, the route of transportation to the site and construction time.

At the design period, a traffic management plan with the existing traffic and projection of increased traffic volume during the construction and operational phase should be developed to minimizing the noise pollution during construction and operation phase.

Safeguard team PIU/MAIL Approved areas selected and marked in Contractor Mobility Map

7

Waste disposalsites

Degradation ofground water, streams, and rivers from solid and liquid wastes

Locate waste disposal sites away from surface and ground water sources, watercourses, housing and town centers

Install grease traps and skim tanks Ensure receiving waters for liquid wastes are

able to absorb and naturally decompose the effluent

Screen waste liquids to remove coarse solids ensure waste that is stored before transport to treatment facility or landfill cannot leak in to the ground.

Safeguard team PIU/MAIL Approved areas selected and marked in Contractor Mobility Map

16

8Camp SiteSelection

Temporary Change in land

Use and land form; Contamination of

soil and water; Soil erosion; Resource

consumption; Additional load

on local facilities such as schools, hospitals, electricity and water supply

Location of construction camp will be finalized after consultation with nearby communities

Camps will be established within the Silo facilities as far as possible.

If private land is needed, appropriate rent to be paid to the land owner after completing all documentation requirements to be done.

Contractor, Safeguard and Design teams

PIU/MAIL Camp Site

9

Camp Site Selection criteria

Soil erosion Construction camps will be located in a stable and flat area, requiring minimal de-vegetation and leveling. The camps will preferably be located inside the existing Silo facilities

Embankments and excavated slopes will not be left untreated/unattended for long durations.

Appropriate slope stabilization measures will be taken per the design (e.g. stone pitching).

After the completion of the construction works, the construction sites, campsites and other work areas will be completely restored. No debris, surplus construction material or any garbage will be left behind.

Photographic record will be maintained for pre-project, during-construction and post-construction condition of the sites.

Contractor, Safeguard and Design teams

PIU/MAIL Camp Site

Implementation Phase

17

1Construction machinery and project vehicles will release exhaust emissions

Air QualityDeterioration

The vehicular and equipment exhaust should comply with the guidance

Contractor to ensure compliance with the standard for ambient air quality.

Water will be sprinkled where needed and appropriate, particularly at work sites near the communities.

Liaison will be maintained particularly with the communities near the camps and worksites.

Contractor PIU/MAIL ESMP

2

Noise Pollution Health issues The contractors will ensure that the noise from the construction sites complies with the national and the WB standards.

Vehicular traffic through the communities will be avoided as far as possible. Project routes will be authorized by the Sit Supervisor.

Vehicle speeds will be kept low, and horns will not be used while passing through or near the communities.

Vehicles will have exhaust silencers to minimize noise generation.

Night time traffic will be avoided near the communities.

Movement of all project vehicles and personnel will be restricted to within work areas, to avoid noise disturbance.

Working hours for construction activities within the communities will be limited to between 8amand6pm.

Liaison with the community will be maintained.

Grievance redress mechanism will be put in place to address the community complaints.

Contractors PIU/MAIL Excessive noise generation controlled

3

Vehicular Traffic Dust and smoke emissions andRisk to the villagers health

Project drivers will be trained on protective driving practices.

Speed limits will be enforced for the project vehicles. Reduced speed near communities. Liaison should be maintained particularly with the

communities near the campsite and worksites. Safety signs should be placed at the work sites.

Contractor PIU/MAIL Respiratory diseases

18

4 The constructionactivities ( heavy constructionmachinery, vehicular traffic, excavation, filling operations and demolition of structures).

Safety Hazards andPublic Health

The contractor will provide personal protective equipment (PPE) to the construction staff and will ensure its appropriate usage.

Availability of safe drinking water will be ensured for the construction staff.

First aid boxes will be made available at each construction site. Emergency phone numbers (including hospitals, Fire Department, and Police) will be displayed at key locations within the site. The site will have an ambulance available.

The construction sites and the campsites have protective fencing to avoid any unauthorized entry.

Vehicular speeds near/within communities will be kept low to minimize safety hazards.

Firefighting equipment will be made available at the camps and worksites.

The camp staff will be provided safety including firefighting training.

All safety precautions will be taken to transport, handle and store hazardous substances, such as fuel.

The contractor will prepare Demolition work Plan for each site when necessary and obtain approval from the Safeguard specialist.

Contractor PIU/MAIL Serious accidentto the worker and People in the vicinity.

5The silo sites of Kabul, Pol-e Khumree, Herat, Mazar and Kandahar are in congested area.

Blocked access routes The contractor will prepare traffic management plan prior to commencing mobilization and obtain approval from the Safeguard Specialist

The construction facilities (work areas, campsites, workshops, others) will be established after obtaining approval from the Supervision consultants and ensuring that no roads or routes are blocked.

Contractor PIU/MAIL Traffic ManagementPlan

6

The construction activities and stock-piling of construction material

In case of the block age of the existing routes, alternate routes will be identified in consultation with affected communities.

Contractor PIU/MAIL Traffic ManagementPlan

19

7damage to theroads, electricity lines, waterchannels, jetties,and other structures

Damage toInfrastructure

It will be ensured that no damage is caused to the infrastructure at the site.

Appropriately sized vehicles will be used to transport the material construction, minimizing the wear and tear of the transportation routes.

All damaged infrastructure will be restored to original or better condition.

Contractor PIU/MAIL ESMP

8Gender Inclusion Cultural and

Gender issues Liaison with the communities will be

maintained throughout the construction phase. Grievance redress committee will be

established at each site.

Safeguard team, Contractor

PIU/MAIL GenderMainstreaming

9

Waste generation (domestic solid waste, waste water including sewage. oily water, waste oils, oily rags, and other similar wastes)

Soil and water contamination

No untreated waste effluents will be released to ground or water.

Vehicles and equipment will not be repaired in the field. If unavoidable, impervious sheathing will be used to avoid soil and water contamination.

For the domestic sewage from the construction camps and offices, appropriate treatment and disposal system, such as septic tanks and soaking pits, will be constructed having adequate capacity. The camps will preferably be established inside the existing Silo facilities as far as possible.

Waste oils will be collected in drum sand sold to the recycling contractors.

Safeguard team PIU/MAIL Approved areas selected and marked in Contractor Mobility Map

The inert recyclable waste from the site (such as cardboard, drums, broken/used parts, etc.) will be sold to recycling shop. The hazardous waste will be kept separate and handled according to the nature of the waste.

Domestic solid waste from the construction camps will be disposed in a manner that does not cause soil contamination.

20

10

The constructionactivities and increased vehicular traffic

Noise and Vibration Vehicular traffic through the communities will be avoided as far as possible. Project routes will be authorized by the Safeguard specialist.

Vehicle speeds will be kept low, and horns will not be used while passing through or near the communities.

Vehicles will have exhaust silencers to minimize noise generation.

Nighttime traffic will be avoided near the communities.

Movement of all project vehicles and personnel will be restricted to within work areas, to avoid noise pollution.

Working hours for construction activities within/near the communities will be limited to between 8 am and 6 pm.

Liaison with the community will be maintained. Grievance Redress Mechanism will be put in place to address the community complaints.

The construction workers need to be provided the workers will use safety device for protection of ears (earmuffs and ear- plugs etc.)

Silo facility foundation shall be designed to minimize vibration effect.

Contractors Safeguard officer No Noise disturbances

11 Camp

establishment Site clearance Excavation Obtaining

material from borrow sites

Construction of silo foundations.

Soil Erosion Construction camps will be located in a stable and flat area, requiring minimal de- vegetation and leveling. The contractor(s) will obtain approval from the Supervision Consultants for this purpose. The camps will preferably be located inside the existing Silo facilities.

Embankments and excavated slopes will not be left untreated/unattended for long durations.

Appropriate slope stabilization measures will be taken per the design (e.g. stone pitching).

After the completion of the construction works, the construction sites, campsites and other work areas will be completely restored. No debris, surplus construction material or any garbage will be left behind.

Photographic record will be maintained for pre-project, during-construction and post-construction condition of the sites.

Contractor SafeguardOfficer

Contractor Mobilityand camp site map

21

12

Water Availability and Consumption

Potentially cause conflict with the existing water users

Penetrating plan will be prepared to conserve water at the construction s and campsites. Water will be providing in a manner that least affects the existing water users and local communities.

The contractors will submit the plan to provide and consume water for their construction as well as camp needs, and obtain approval from the Safeguard office.

Extreme care will be taken when working close to wells and other water sources. Any damage caused by the project activities will be repaired.

Contractor Safeguard team No conflict with the existing water users

13

starting theconstruction works

Loss of NaturalVegetation

Clearing natural vegetation will be avoided as far as possible.

The campsite will be established in a natural clearing as far as possible

Complete record will be maintained for any tree cutting. Compensatory tree plantation will be carried-out.

Prepared an inventory of the trees to be felled, and then prepare a tree plantation plan and the species to be planted.

Contractor Safeguard officer Contractor Mobility map to show the campsite location

14Aesthetic Value Rehabilitation of

silos may potentially affect the aesthetic value of the area

Screens will be used at the site periphery Landscaping and tree plantation will be carried out at

the site and camps where possible. Proper housekeeping will be regularly carried out at

the site and camps.

Contractor Safeguard officer ESMP

15presence of a large workers

cause conflicts with the nearby communities, privacyissues for the women and other similarproblems

Liaison with the communities will be maintained throughout the construction phase.

Grievance redress mechanism will be established at each site (details are provided later in the document).

Contractor Safeguard officer/ Community

ESMP

Operation Phase

22

1

The O&Mactivities

Hazards particularly to the O&M staff. These may include electrocution, fall, burns, cuts and other body injuries, asphyxiation, and exposure to phosphine gas. The fuel storage at the silo facilities may also pose safety hazards for theO&M staff as well as for surrounding population.

The Operational Manual of each facility. The Plan will particularly address procedures to handle aluminum phosphide and to prevent exposure to phosphine gas.

Material safety data sheet (MSDS) will be followed to handle aluminum sulphide and other hazardous chemicals.

PPE will be provided to the O&M staff. HSE trainings will be provided to the O&M staff on a

regular basis. Availability of safe drinking water will be ensured

at each facility. First aid boxes will be made available at each

construction site. Emergency phone numbers (including hospitals, Fire Department, and Police) will be displayed at key locations within the facility.

Firefighting equipment will be made available at the facilities.

The O&M staff will be provided safety including firefighting training.

All safety precautions will be taken to transport, handle and store hazardous substances, such as fuel.

Waste management plan to be prepared and implemented in accordance with international best practice.

Silo O&Mhead

MAIL/DAIL Incidence of electrocution, fall, burns, cuts and other body injuries

2Waterconsumption

Create conflict among water users

Astute planning will be employed to conserve water at the plant, offices and residential area.

Water will be provided in a manner that least affects the existing water users and local communities. Preferably, the facility will have its own dedicated water source such as a deep tube-well.

O&M staff MAIL No conflict with theExisting water users

3ElectricityConsumption

chilling system isinterrupted

Ensure electricity connection from multiple grids. Keep the provision for backup generator

O&M staff Silo Head Running theoperation as normal

23

4

Transporting grains Air quality (Release exhaust emissions, containing carbonmonoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), oxidesof nitrogen (NOX), and particulate matter(PM).

The vehicular and equipment exhaust should comply with the regular maintenance.

The bag filters will be maintained regularly, ensuring that there is no excessive leakage and release of PM.

Compliance with the standard for ambient air quality will be ensured.

These suction ducts will be suitably installed at the dump pit of the grain collection point, to the bucket elevator and chain conveyors also to collect dust during operation of silos.

The O&M staff will be provided HSE trainings on regular basis; these trainings will address the issues related to phosphine gas.

O&M staff HSE Staff Regular and timely equipment maintenance and check-up

5

Running ofmotors, conveyor belts, bag filters, chilling plant, dryers, and others)

Generate noise andvibration which are likely to affect the O&M staff and nearby communities

PPE (earmuffs or ear plugs)will be provided to the O&M staff

Vehicular traffic through the communities will be avoided as far as possible. Project routes will be authorized by the Supervision Consultants.

Vehicle speeds will be kept low, and horns will not be used while passing through or near the communities.

Vehicles will have exhaust silencers to minimize noise generation.

Nighttime traffic will be avoided near the communities.

Movement of all project vehicles and personnel will be restricted to within work areas, to

Liaison with the community will be maintained. Grievance redress mechanism will be put in place to address the community complaints.

O&M staff HSE Staff HSE Plan

24

6

Inappropriatewaste disposal from the O&Mactivities

Soil and WaterContamination

Each facility will have waste management plan as part of its Operations Manual. No untreated waste effluents will be released to the environment.

For the domestic sewage from the offices and residential areas, appropriate treatment and disposal system, such as septic tanks and soaking pits, will be constructed having adequate capacity.

Waste oils will be collected in drums and sold The recyclable waste from the site (such as

cardboard, drums, and broken/used parts) will be sold to recycling contractors. The hazardous waste will be kept separate and handled according to the nature of the waste.

Domestic solid waste from the office sand residential areas will be disposed in a manner that does not cause soil contamination.

O&M staff HSE Staff HSE Plan

7 AestheticValue

Presence of silos maypotentially affect the aesthetic value of thearea

Landscaping and tree plantation will be carried out at each facility.

Proper housekeeping will be regularly maintained at the facilities.

O&M staff O&M staff Landscaping and greenery

8Fumigation Air quality

deterioration Compliance with the standard for ambient air quality

will be ensured. Standard operating procedures will be followed to

handle and use aluminum phosphide, and to prevent exposure to phosphine gas.

The O&M staff will be provided HSE trainings on regular basis; these trainings will address the issues related to phosphine gas

O&M staff HSE Staff During O&M

Soil/water contamination

Handling, storage, and disposal of aluminum phosphide will be carried out in accordance with the approved procedures. No uncontrolled release to environment (soil, water) will be carried out.

MSDS will be followed to handle aluminum sulphide and other hazardous chemicals.

O&M staff HSE Staff During O&M

25

Safety hazards and public health

Each facility will prepare a site specific Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Plan. The HSE Plan will be made an integral part of the Operational Manual of each facility. The Plan will particularly address procedures to handle aluminum phosphide and to prevent exposure to phosphine gas.

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) will be followed to handle aluminum sulphide and other hazardous chemicals.

Complete inventory and chain of custody record will be maintained for aluminum phosphide.

PPEs i.e. safety gears, masks, protective cloths, especially during fumigation will be provided to the O&M staff.

Occupational health and safety aspects should be in priority in all O&M activities

HSE trainings will be provided to the O&M staff on a regular basis.

Availability of safe drinking water will be ensured at each facility.

First aid boxes will be made available at each construction site. Emergency phone numbers (including hospitals, Fire Department, and Police) will be displayed at key locations within the facility.

Firefighting equipment will be made available at the facilities.

The O&M staff will be provided safety including firefighting training.

All safety precautions will be taken to transport, handle and store hazardous substances, such as fuel.

Paste management plan to be prepared and implemented in accordance with international best practice.

Liaison with the community will be maintained

O&M staff HSE Staff During O&M

26

Capacity Building and Trainings

Proper trainings should be provided on safe usage, application and handling of pesticides during fumigation by competent trainers

Drilling and exercises to prepare for emergencies, oil spells and etc.

All safety precautions and trainings should be delivered to the silo staff on PPEs usages and proper clothing during fumigation

27

8. Environmental Management Monitoring

In order to ensure that the quality of the environment and social parameters within and near the work sites complies with the local regulations, periodic monitoring will be carried out as required by the Safeguard Officer. The monitoring data to be documented to demonstrate compliance, the proposed monitoring plan for the construction phase is presented in table 4.

Two distinct types of the monitoring will be carried out during the sub-project construction and O&M phases. These are discussed as below.

8.1 Compliance Monitoring

The compliance monitoring of the project activities is principally a tool to ensure that the environmental and social control measures identified during the ESMP are strictly adhered to during the Project execution.

Various aspects of the ESMP compliance monitoring will be to:

Systematically observe the activities undertaken by the contractors or any other persons associated with the Project.

Verify that the activities are undertaken in compliance with the ESMP. Document and communicate the observations to the concerned person(s) of the

contractors, PIU and Supervision Consultants, so that any corrective measures, if required, can be taken in a timely fashion.

Maintain a record of all incidents of environmental and social significance and related actions and corrective measures.

Maintain contact with the communities, solicit their views and concerns, and discuss them during the fortnightly meetings.

Prepare periodic reports of the environmental and social performance of Project.

The mitigation plan will be used as a management and monitoring tool for compliance monitoring. Inspections will be carried out using checklists prepared by the contractors, during the construction phase, and by the O&M staff during the O&M phase of each facility.

8.2 Effects Monitoring

The ESMP predicts the impacts of the proposed Project on the basis of information available at the time of conducting the assessment and the natural processes that link various environmental and social parameters. Based on this prediction, mitigation measures are introduced such that the predicted residual effects do not exceed acceptable levels. However, there can be an element of uncertainty in such predictions, for example, due to an insufficient grasp of the processes, limitations in prediction techniques, or inadequate data on the environment. This is true for the physical, biological, as well as socio-economic environment. Consequently, it is possible that even if the mitigation measures are implemented fully, the negative impacts of the Project could exceed predicted levels or acceptable limits.In order to address the above concerns, effects monitoring will be undertaken during the Project activities, with the overall objective of proper management of environmental and social risks and uncertainties. Broadly, effects monitoring has the following objectives:

28

To verify that the impacts of the proposed project are within acceptable limits, thus establishing credibility (public assurance);

To immediately warn the Project proponents (and the regulatory agencies, if required) of unanticipated adverse impact or sudden changes in impact trends so that corrective actions can be undertaken, which may include modifications in the proposed activities, or the inclusion of modified or additional mitigation measures;

To provide information to plan and control the timing, location, and level of certain project activities so that the effects are minimized; and

To facilitate research and development by documenting the effects of the proposed project that can be used to validate impact-prediction techniques and provide a basis for more accurate predictions of future projects.

The detailed methodologies will be developed by the contractor before commencing the construction activities. The effects monitoring will comprise the following:

Soil erosion; Water quality; Oil spills; Waste management; Air quality; Noise; Socio-economic aspects; and Grievance handling and its monitoring.

PIU may revise the effects monitoring plan during the project implementation as required.

29

Table-3: Environmental Management Monitoring Plan

Sr.# Environmental activity/issue

Monitoring location

Monitoringparameter

Frequency of measurement /

durationResponsibility Resource

requirement Action requiredCompliance

Yes No1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

B. CONSTRUCTION PHASEB.2 CAMP SITEB.2.1 Establishment

of Contractor’scamp

Camp sites tobe established at land ownedby Silo

layout plan for camp siteestablishment Photographic

record of vegetation Number of tress

cut/uprooted fromthe camp site

At start of civilworks

ProjectProponent

Detail of contractorcamp Photographic

Record. Record of

trees cut/uprooted

Layout plan for campsite prepared by the Contractor andapproved by the Proponent. Photographic record of

vegetation by the Contractor before clearing the site.

B.2.2 Sanitation andwaste water disposal at camp site

Camp sites Preparation of Waste Management Plan Provision of

septic tanks

Duringestablishment of Contractor’s camps

ProjectProponent

WasteManagementPlan.

Waste Management Plan prepared by the Contractor and got approved from theProponent Septic tanks provided.

B.2.3 Generation andburning of solid wastes at / near camp site

Camp sites Refuse collectionmethods and disposal status

Weeklythroughout construction period

ProjectProponent

WasteManagementPlan

Refuse collection containers provided. Refuse segregated and

disposed properly. Burning restricted.

B.3 CONSTRUCTION WORKSB.3.1 Workers safety

and hygienic conditions

Workingplaces and camp areas tobe remained

Implementation ofHealth, Safety and Environment (HSE) Plan covering safety

Monthlythroughout constructionperiod

ProjectProponent

Contractor’sHSE Plan

HSE Plan prepared andimplemented.

30

Within owned Silo land.

measures taken by the Contractor suchas firefighting equipment. Safestorage of hazardous material, first aid,contingency measures in case ofaccidents, protection devices, adequate sanitation,washing, cooking and dormitoryfacilities

B.4 WATERB.4.1 Use of water for

construction and consumption

Constructionsites and labor camps

Groundwaterextraction arrangements

Quarterlythroughout construction period

ProjectProponent

Water qualityanalysis data

Contractor has made its ownarrangements for water required for construction ensuring that water availability and supply to nearby communities remain unaffected

Water is used for human consumption if its quality is fit.

B.4.2 Spillageof liquid wastes (lubricants, fuel, chemicals and other waste material)

Project site Visual observations ofspillage

Daily tillcompletion of the project

ProjectProponent

HSE plan of theContractor

Spillage controlled and if it occurred,handled accordingly

B.5 AIR POLLUTION CONTROLB.5.1 Dust and other

emissions due to transportation of materials, and construction activities

Constructionsite.

Extent of dustemissions

Sprinkling on water at dust prone areas

Daily tillcompletion of the project

ProjectProponent

- Dust emissions minimized

31

B.6 NOISE CONTROLB.6.1 Noise generated

by running ofconstruction machinery and equipment

Construction site, Camp site,Access roads, Communities within 500 meters of constructionsite.

Noise level measurements

Daily till completion of theproject

ProjectProponent

Noise meter Noise level remained within permissible limits of 75dB

B.7 FLORA AND FAUNAB.7.1 Loss of

vegetation and associated fauna

Constructionsite.

Number of treescut/uprooted

Monthly

Daily

ProjectProponent

Record of tree cutting/uprooting

Un-necessary cutting/uprooting oftrees avoided

B.8 ROAD SAFETY AND COMMUNITY LIFEB.8.1 Risks associated

with vehicular movement

Constructionsite.

Parameters given inTraffic ManagementPlan

Daily tillcompletion of the project

ProjectProponent

Traffic Management Plan

No violation of traffic rules Accidents minimized

B.8.2 Risks associatedwith construction activities

Constructionsites

As per HSE Plan Weekly ProjectProponent

HSE Plan HSE Plan implemented

B.9 SOCIAL BALANCE AND PUBLIC RELATIONSB.9.1 Cultural

differences between workers and local population

Project area Raise of conflict issues Monthly ProjectProponent

Complaintregister

Conflicts resolved

B.9.2 Conflicts arising due tomixing of local & migratory job seekers

Project area Provision of job opportunities to thelocals

Monthly ProjectProponent

Employment record

Locals given priority in job placements

B.9.3 Complaints from the local

Project area Maintenance of aComplaint Register

Monthly ProjectProponent

ComplaintRegister

Complaints duly attended

32

communitiesC. OPERATION PHASEC. 1 Solid waste

generation Silo area As per Waste

Management PlanDaily Silo Manager Solid waste recycled/disposed

properlyC. 2 Noise from

generatorsSilo area Noise level

measurementsDaily Silo Manager Noise remains within NEQS.

C. 3 Safety Silo area As per HSE Plan Daily Silo Manager HSE Plan followedC.4 Fumigation Silo area As per Pest Management

PlanDaily Silo Manager Pest Management Plan

33

9. Grievance Redress Mechanism

9.1 Complaints and Grievances

A grievance redress mechanism has been established to allow stakeholders submit their grievances to at least one member of Grievance Redress Committee. Affected Person can raise any disagree-able decision, practice or activity arising from land or other asset compensation. APs will be fully inform of their rights and the procedures for addressing complaints whether verbally or in writing during consultation, survey and the time of compensation. Proper care will always be taken to prevent grievances rather than going through a redress process. This can be obtained through ensuring full participation and consultation with the APs, extensive communication and coordination with the community; involvement of PIU. Thus, the main objective of the grievance redress procedure will be to provide a mechanism to mediate conflict and cut down lengthy litigation, which may delay this development sub-project. It will also provide a public forum to raise their objections or people who might have objections or concerns about their assistance, through conflict resolution to address these issues adequately. The complaints & grievances would be address through the following sequence:

1. Complaint resolution will be attempted at village level through the involvement of the PIU/ Silo and CDC members

2. If still unsettled, a grievance will be lodged to the GRC who has 15 days to decide on the case3. If no solution reaches, a grievance can be lodge with support of the GRC to the PIU. The AP must

lodge the complaint within 1 month of lodging the original complaint with the GRC and must produce documents supporting his / her claim. The PIU will provide the decision within 21 days of registering the complaint

4. If the grievance redress system fails to satisfy the APs, they can pursue further by submitting their case to the appropriate court of law.

GRC will meet at least once a month. In general, the functions of the Grievance Redress Committee shall be:

Provide support to APs on problems arising out of their land / property acquisition and / or eviction from the RoW/CoI;

Record the grievances of the APs, categorize and prioritize the grievances that need to be resolved by either committee; and

Report to the aggrieved parties, about the developments regarding their grievances and the decision of the sub-project authorities.

5. If the grievance redress system fails to satisfy the APs, they can pursue further by submitting their case to the appropriate court of law.

9.2 Grievance Redress Committee (GRC)

A GRC inclusive of Eng Muhammad Sadeq Saba director of Mazar Silo (Cell # 0794308484), Mr Mirwais community representative in the Silo area(Cell # 079376690),Serajuddin Mehraban Balkh DAIL director and Noor Ahmad (Cell # 0772026109, local authorities, and the Contractor would be established.

The Committees will be triggered by a grievance lodged. The GRC will hear the complaint and if found justified, will support its lodging at the PIU. The Deputy Director of PIU will be focal person, shall be responsible for coordination between the members of the committee and the complainant, shall make all arrangements to convene meetings of the committee, and shall compile the record of each meeting.

The complaint will be registered through following methods:34

1. DAIL Office2. Complain Registers (will be provided to the GRC after the Contractor is identified)

Since most complaints may be, fill against the Contractor therefore GRC will maintain a social complaints register at the campsite and workplaces to document all complaints received from the local communities. The register will also record the measures taken to mitigate the reported concerns. The final report will be communicated to the Safeguards Specialist at PIU.

Communities and individuals who believe that they are adversely affected by a World Bank (WB) supported project may submit complaints to existing project-level grievance redress mechanism or the WB’s Grievance Redress Service (GRS). The GRS ensures that complaints received are promptly reviewed in order to adddress project-related concerns. Project affected communities and individuals may submit their complaints to the WB’s independent Inspection Panel which determines whether harms occurred, or could occur, as a result of WB non-compliance with its policies and procedures. Complaints may be submitted at anytime after concerns have been brought directly to the WB’s attention, and Bank Management has been given an opportunity to respond. For information on how to submit complaints to the World Bank’s corporate Grievance Redress Service (GRS), please visit www.worldbank.org/grs. For information on how to submit complaints to the World Bank Inspecition Panel, please visit www.inspectionpanel.org

10. Capacity Building

Environmental and social trainings will help ensure that the requirements of the ESMP and clearly understood and followed by all project personnel throughout the project period. Construction Supervisor (CS) will ensure, in collaboration with the ESSS of PIU that these trainings are provided to all Project personnel. The environmental and social training program will be finalized before the commencement of the project. The trainings will be provided to the Silo staff, the CS staff, the construction contractors, and other staff engaged for the Project. Training will cover all staff levels, ranging from the management and supervisory to the skilled and unskilled categories. The scope of the training will cover general environmental awareness and the requirements of the ESMP and the ESMP, with special ESMP basis on sensitizing the project staff to the environmental and social aspects of the area. The guidance provides a summary of various aspects of the environmental and social trainings to be conducted at each silo construction site separately. PIU may revise the plan during the Project implementation as required.

During the O&M phase of the Project, these trainings will continue to be conducted by HSE staff for all relevant O&M personnel at each facility.

11. Record Keeping

System will be created with the main sub-project for recording, disseminating and responding to information which emerges from the various environmental monitoring and management programs.

11.1. Complaints Records

A tabulated standard form would be prepared for recording any environmental complaints that are received from the public or government organizations by whatever medium i.e. visits to the site, telephone calls or correspondence.

The form would concisely list the following information:

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Date of the complaint; Name and contact address of the complainant; Brief description of the complaint, with a file reference to any correspondence from

the complainant; Brief description of the action taken by the Plant Management to investigate the cause of the

complaint and bring about corrective action, if justified; and Date of reply to the complainant, with a file reference to any correspondence.

All complaints received by the PIU would be handled in this way

11.2 Non-Compliance Report (NCR)

Any breaches of the acceptable standards specified, would be reported to the PIU using a standard form, i.e. a Non-Compliance Report (NCR).

A copy of each completed NCR would be held on file by CS, to be replaced by the reply copy when it is received. A record of corrective actions would also be made and tracked to their completion.

11.3 Monthly Internal Reports

The CSC will prepare a monthly report for issue to the PIU. These reports will summarize the following:

Progress in implementing this ESMP ; Findings of the monitoring programs, with ESMP basis on any breaches of the control

standards, action levels or standards of general site management; Any emerging issues where information or data collected is substantially different from the

baseline data reported in the Environmental Assessment; Outstanding NCRs; Summary of any complaints by external bodies and actions taken / to be taken; and Relevant changes or possible changes in legislation, regulations and international practices.

12. Monitoring and Evaluation

To ensure effective implementation of the ESMF requirements, they will be put in place following Monitoring and Evaluation system which includes both internal monitoring and reporting and external monitoring and evaluation.

12.1 Internal monitoring and reporting

I. At Provincial level, SGRP safeguards officers, together with local government and local Communities will be responsible for monitoring the implementation of mitigation measures, set out in Environment and Social Management Plans (ESMPs). Relevant practical indicators to enable effective monitoring will be identified by safeguards staff in close liaison with the DAIL and Silo staff during consultations on possible impacts of sub- project activities and the preparation of ESMPs.

II. Monitoring information together with other information collected from various stakeholders (e.g. representatives of the DAIL and Silo staff, farmers, shopkeepers, local government officials in sub-project districts, local NGOs and contractors) together with observations of project activities will be reported monthly to the safeguards unit in Kabul.

III. Monthly monitoring reports from regional safeguards staff will include:a. List of consultations held, including locations and dates, name of participants and

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occupationsb. Main points arising from consultations including any agreements reached c. A record of grievance applications and grievance redress dealt withd. Monitoring data on environmental and social measures detailed in ESMPs.e. Number of construction supervision reports that include assessment of contractor’s compliance with safeguards in accordance with ECOPf. Number of trainings of community groups in environmental and social issues

IV. National safeguards officers will prepare consolidated quarterly monitoring reports from the sites for the PIU which in addition to the above data will include:a. Number of national, regional and provincial staff and counterparts trained on ESMF compliance.b. Number of WB- cleared ESMPs, abbreviated ESMPs and safeguards certificates prepared and clearedc. Number of technical audit recommendations that have been implemented.

V. These reports will be filed to permit easy retrieval and indicators will be incorporated into the SGR project M & E system.

13. External Monitoring

An independent technical audit of both environmental and social measures will be conducted by third party acceptable both to the WB and the Government. The audit will inter alia, assess whether (i) the ESMF process is being correctly adhered to (ii) relevant mitigation measures have been identified and implemented effectively and (iii) the extent to which all stakeholder groups are involved in sub project implementation. The audit will also indicate whether any amendments are required in the ESMF approach to improve its effectiveness and ensure that the subproject ESMPs are developed/cleared and effectively implemented.

14. Conclusion

This ESMP concludes with the main findings of the screening and mitigation measures that should be adopt to avoid/minimize the adverse environmental and social impacts of different stages of the sub - project. In this study, all the impacts have been critically assessed, which may be seen at the time of construction work as well as those anticipated during operations of project.

Considering the processes involved during construction and operation of sub-project by keeping in view the ESMF and Afghanistan Environmental Law, the impact analysis indicates those aspects, which could create problems such as wastewater, noise, solid waste and occupational safety. The proposed sub-project has provisions for wastewater management, noise, Ramp-access, Special toilet for disables and occupational safety measures. It is envisage that the sub-project will be constructed and operated without creating significant adverse environmental and social impacts. It will be a good project of its kind in Mazr- e-Sharif and will contribute to the development of agriculture sector in the region.

Annexes

Annex IStakeholder Consultation Process

The Stakeholder participation has great implication on the implementation of the sub-project. the stakeholders’ participation ensured relevance of the sub-projects against needs, reduced opportunities of

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conflicts arising, , encouraged their participatory monitoring to reduce fraud and above all, it promoted sustainability of the sub-project.

Consultation with direct and indirect stakeholders (DAIL, Silo staff, community elders, CDC members, , and local authorities) on the rehabilitation Mazar Silo, Overall, three meetings held during the consultation process with the stakeholders took place between March and April 2017 (including Mazar Silo, Balkh DAIL and NEPA authorities).

The following overall consultative objectives have served as the moving force for the implementation and fact-findings for participation process:

To provide key project information and create awareness among various stakeholders about sub-project intervention;

To identify environmental issues and raise awareness of the stakeholders accordingly; To have interaction with project affected persons and other stakeholders; To identify environmental and social issues such as habitat destruction, displacement, safety hazards,

employment, vulnerable persons etc.; To begin establishing communication and an evolving mechanism for the resolution of social and

environmental problems at sub-project level, fuels, wastewater, plants, sewage wastes, toilet waste etc. Inorganic factors include ammonia, chemical waste from Silo, discarded cosmetics etc.

To involve project stakeholders in an inclusive manner; To receive feedback from primary stakeholders on mitigation and enhancement; To agree on mitigation measures for environmental and social impacts; To agree on Grievance Redress Mechanism To agree on capacity building program Selection of campsite To receive feedback from the stakeholders on technical design, mitigation and enhancement; and Measures for environmental and social impacts.

Mitigation and compensation have been discussed with the Silo staff as attractive concepts for preventing and reducing adverse impacts of the sub-project on environment and society and also as means of enhancing sub- project’s benefits, where feasible. Mitigation and compensation can be adaptable and most promising tools for safeguarding resource conservation, strengthening sustainable development.

Loss of private land and immobile assets (including structures, and etc.) if any sub-project affected people are suffering negative livelihood impact because of the sub-project or any of their land or assets are impacted, or access to any of these, then further action is required in terms of identifying impact, consult with PAPs, minimize impact and find mitigation measures and compensation the compensation to be provided by the SGRP. In case of contractor mistake to damage the crop, the company must provide the compensation.

These guidelines provide principles and instructions to compensate affected persons to ensure that all such persons negatively affected, regardless of their land tenure/tenancy status, will be assisted to improve, or at least to restore, their living standards, income earning or production capacity to pre-project levels, the eligibilities are as bellow:

1. PAPs are identified as persons whose livelihood is directly or indirectly affected by the sub-project. PAPs deemed eligible for compensation are:

2. those who have formal legal rights to land, water resources or structures/buildings, including recognized customary and traditional rights;

3. those who do not have such formal legal rights but have a claim to usufruct right rooted in customary law; and4. Those whose claim to land and water resources or building/structures do not fall within (1) and (2) above, are

eligible to assistance to restore their livelihood.The view of the consultation with the stakeholders, is given in bellow figures

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Consultations will continue throughout the sub- project implementation period with the assistance of the Silo, DAIL and CDC members.

A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) has been developed to address any public grievances quickly.

Annex II

Strategic Grain Storage Project, Monthly Environmental Monitoring Report

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Mazar Silo Construction

(Month, Year)

Prepared by: (Name and Designation)

Checked by: (Name and Designation)

Reviewed by: (Name and Designation)

EmployerProject Director, Project Management Unit (PIU), SGRP,MAIL compound, University road, Kabul

EngineerContractor

Summary

The Site Specific Environmental Management Plan (SSEMP) including Environmental Monitoring Plan SGRP Regional Office Construction was prepared and made a part of the Contract Document with the Contractor. The environmental monitoring carried out to collect information on the actual nature and extent of key impacts and the effectiveness on mitigation and enhancement measures outlined in the Site Specific Environment and Social Management Plan (SSESMP).The current report is for the month of (name of month and year) that highlights the sub-project specific description, compliances to SSEMP pertaining to Mazar Silo rehabilitation and sub-project implementation status.

The following non-compliances have been observed during the reported month:

i. ii.iii.

1. IntroductionThe Site Specific Environmental Management Plan (SSEMP) including Environmental MonitoringPlan for Mazar Silo rehabilitation focuses on the environmental protection and mitigation of anticipated impacts of project interventions. It aims to ensure that adverse environmental impacts associated with the project are properly addressed at any stage, either by preventing or by mitigating those impacts to reduce the effects to an acceptable level by adopting the most suitable technical and economic options. An Environmental Monitoring Plan provides a mechanism to address the adverse environmental impacts of a project during its construction, to accelerate project benefits, and to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted for all project works. The environmental monitoring was carried out to collect information on the actual nature and extent of key impacts and the effectiveness on mitigation and enhancement measures outlined in the SSEMPand agreed by the Contractor under the contract document.

The current report is for the month of (name of month and year) that highlights the project specific description, compliances to Site Specific Environmental Management Plan, pertaining to Mazar Silo rehabilitation and the sub-project implementation status.

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2. Project Description

Give the brief introduction of the scheme and statistical data of Mazar Silo Construction.

3. Environmental Management Plan Compliance Status3.1 Non Compliances

The following outstanding issues (Table-1) have been observed during the reported month:

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Table-1 Out-Standing Issues

Sr. No.

DateRaised

ByLocation Description Category* Corrective Action Responsibility

OriginalTargetDate

Remarks

* Minor: Beyond one week but less than 1 month (Draw attention of the Contractor through copy of daily check list) Moderate: Beyond 2 weeks but less than 2 months (Issue warning to the Contractor recorded on check list as well as separate letter) Major: Beyond 1 month: Do not verify the Contractor invoice. Hazardous: Beyond 2 months, stop payments of total contract.

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4. Project Implementation Status

4.1 Ongoing Activities

The ongoing activities during the reported month include:

i.

ii.

iii.

4.2 Contractor’s ResourcesDuring the works, the Contractor has to mobilize labor as well as the resources that could affect the local environment. An inventory of the nature of the labor (skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled) and residential status of employment (local or non-local) engaged during the reported month and list of machinery/equipment used by the Contractor, is given in Table-2 and Table-3 respectively.

Table-2 Employment (Daily Average)

Category TotalLocal* Non-Local**

Number Percentage Number Percentage (%)

SkilledSemi-Skilled

Un-skilled

*Name of village/town for local manpower* Name of village/town for non-local manpower

Table-3 List of Machinery/EquipmentSr.N

Machinery/Equipment No.

1

4.3 Training/Awareness

The status of training/awareness during the reported month is given in Table-4

Table-4 Status of Training/Awareness

Sr. No. Type of Training

Participants Results achieved

1

Photographic Presentation for Environmental Monitoring during Construction Works of Mazar Silo construction

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Annex IIIDaily Monitoring Check List

Description Status Additional Comments

A-Physical Conditions

1-Ambient Air Quality

Are dust emissions being regulated through sprinkling water on the routes being used by the Contractor? Yes No

Are vehicle speeds being monitored to avoid excessive dust emissions at dust prone areas? Yes No

2. Noise Control

In case excessive noise levels are detected, have appropriate mitigation measures been taken? Yes No

Is restriction on playing tape records and blowing pressure horns etc. is being observed? Yes No

Are heavily travelled routes watered (where required) on a daily basis to minimize dust? Yes No

2-Waste Material

Has any natural drainage been disturbed or altered? Yes No

Are the waste bins emptied regularly at designated site approved by the engineer?

Yes No

Is food waste disposed in the open? Yes No

Is the combustible waste burnt regularly in the burn pit? Yes No

Is medical waste being stored separately at the campsite? Yes No

3-Fuel/Lubricant

Are the fuel tanks properly marked with their contents? Yes No

Are the fuels and oils handled in a safe manner, ensuring no leakage or spillage?

Yes No

4-Traffic management

Is vehicle speed limit being followed? Yes No

Is the movement of all project vehicles and personnel been restricted to within the work areas?

Yes No

Do all vehicles and generators have muffles to reduce noise Yes No

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levels whilst working close to communities?

B-Biological Conditions

1-Flora

Have trees and branches from plantation along the channels been used as fuel wood?

Yes No

Has vegetation clearing been minimized? Yes No

2-Fauna

Are the drivers careful and watchful about wild and domestic animals?

Yes No

Any damage to animals? Yes No

C-Socio-Economic

1-Community

During construction have good management practices been adopted by avoiding disturbance to areas adjacent to work area?

Yes No

Are complaints from local communities being registered and responded to?

Yes No

Have the local communities been formally notified about methods for registering complaints?

Yes No

Name ____________________________________ Signature ________________

Additional Comments

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Annex IVMazar-e-Sharif Silo Construction Agreement between Afghanistan and Ex-USSR, 1977

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Annex VSample Grievance Registration Form

Grievance Number: ____________

LOCATION : _________

NAME OF COMPLAINANT: ______________________ Tazkira number: ______________

ADDRESS:____________________________________ Telephone #: __________________

DATE RECEIVED: ______________

Classification of the grievance (Check boxes)

Dispute with contractors

Land acquisition and Compensation Technical/operational coordination

Financial Process delays

Noise

Sanitation

Other (specify)__________________________________________________

Brief description of the grievance:

What is the perceived cause?

Suggested action (by complainant) to address grievance:

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