ESPAÑOL O INGLÉSESPAÑOL O INGLÉS

COGNATESCOGNATES

WHAT IS A COGNATE?WHAT IS A COGNATE?

A word in two languages that is similar in A word in two languages that is similar in meaning and most of the time similar in meaning and most of the time similar in spelling too.spelling too.

How do cognates help you learn How do cognates help you learn another language?another language?

Cognates help you to build your vocabulary.Cognates help you to build your vocabulary. Improve your reading skills.Improve your reading skills. Improve your listening and reading Improve your listening and reading

comprehension.comprehension. Help you to understand a conversation. Help you to understand a conversation.

CATEGORIESCATEGORIES

There are different categories of cognates.There are different categories of cognates. I divided them into sixteen categories.I divided them into sixteen categories. Sometimes you need to make slightly changes Sometimes you need to make slightly changes

in spelling to translate your words into in spelling to translate your words into Spanish.Spanish.

You will see how many words You will see how many words youyou already already know in Spanish. You are going be amazed!know in Spanish. You are going be amazed!

CATEGORY ICATEGORY I

The first and easiest category is made up of The first and easiest category is made up of words that end in words that end in OROR. These words are most . These words are most of the time identical in English and Spanish.of the time identical in English and Spanish.

INGLESINGLES ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL The doctorThe doctor The actorThe actor The interiorThe interior

El doctor

El actorEl interior

CATEGORY IICATEGORY II

There is also a category of words that end in There is also a category of words that end in AL, AL, these words are also most of the time identical.these words are also most of the time identical.

INGLESINGLES ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL AnimalAnimal Animal Animal MusicalMusical mmúúsicalsical RuralRural ruralrural SpecialSpecial especialespecial LegalLegal legallegal

CATEGORY IIICATEGORY III In this category the words end in In this category the words end in BLE. BLE. These are also These are also

identical in Spanish and English.identical in Spanish and English.

INGLESINGLES ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL CableCable CableCable PossiblePossible poposisibleble FlexibleFlexible fleflexixibleble VisibleVisible vivisisibleble HorribleHorrible hohorrrribleible TerribleTerrible teterrirribleble Note that these words are stress on the next to the last Note that these words are stress on the next to the last

syllabe.syllabe.

CATEGORY IVCATEGORY IV These category is made up of words that end inThese category is made up of words that end in IC IC in English. To change them in to Spanish you add in English. To change them in to Spanish you add “O”“O”

INGLESINGLES ESPA ESPAÑÑOLOL PublicPublic P Púúblicoblico AtlanticAtlantic Atl Atláánticontico ArtisticArtistic Art Artíísticostico Democratic Democratic democr democrááticotico

For excellent pronunciation stress the syllable with the For excellent pronunciation stress the syllable with the written accent mark.written accent mark.

CATEGORY VCATEGORY V These category is made up of words that end inThese category is made up of words that end in TOR TOR in English. To change them in to Spanish in English. To change them in to Spanish

you change “you change “TOR”TOR” for “ for “DOR”DOR”

INGLESINGLES ESPA ESPAÑÑOLOL AceleratorAcelerator AceleradorAcelerador

GeneratorGenerator Generador Generador EducatorEducator Educador Educador Dictator Dictator Dictador Dictador

CATEGORY VICATEGORY VI Another large category is made up of words that end in Another large category is made up of words that end in

“ENT” or “ANT” “ENT” or “ANT” If you simply add and “E” to these If you simply add and “E” to these word, they instantly become Spanish words.word, they instantly become Spanish words.

INGLESINGLES ENTENT ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL PresidentPresident presidentepresidente ExcellentExcellent exceexcelelentente IntelligentIntelligent inteinteliligentegente DifferentDifferent didifeferenterente

These words are accented on the next to the last These words are accented on the next to the last syllable. Example: inteli-GEN-tesyllable. Example: inteli-GEN-te

ANT ANT

INGLESINGLES ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL ImportantImportant ImportanteImportante ElephantElephant elefanteelefante ConsonantConsonant consonanteconsonante RestaurantRestaurant restauranterestaurante SignificantSignificant significantesignificante AbundantAbundant abundanteabundante

CATEGORY VIICATEGORY VII

Some words that end in “Some words that end in “ISTIST” in English are very ” in English are very easy to convert into Spanish, you just need to add easy to convert into Spanish, you just need to add an “an “AA” to them.” to them.

INGLESINGLES ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL PianistPianist PianistaPianista CapitalistCapitalist capitalistacapitalista ArtistArtist artistaartista OptimistOptimist optimistaoptimista NovelistNovelist novelistanovelista OculistOculist oculistaoculista

CATEGORY VIIICATEGORY VIII

It is very easy to convert adjectives that end in It is very easy to convert adjectives that end in “OUS”“OUS” in English into Spanish. You just need in English into Spanish. You just need to change the ending to to change the ending to “OSO”“OSO”

INGLESINGLES ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL FuriousFurious furiosofurioso FamousFamous famosofamoso ReligiousReligious religiosoreligioso AmbitiousAmbitious ambiambiciciosooso CuriousCurious curiosocurioso

CATEGORY IXCATEGORY IX Words that end in “TION” are translate into Spanish with Words that end in “TION” are translate into Spanish with

the ending the ending “CION.”“CION.” T changes to CT changes to C

INGLESINGLES ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL CivilizationCivilization civilizacicivilizacióónn ConstitutionConstitution constituciconstitucióónn GenerationGeneration generacigeneracióónn InvitationInvitation invitaciinvitacióónn InstitutionInstitution instituciinstitucióónn ConstructionConstruction construcciconstruccióónn

CATEGORY XCATEGORY X

You can convert many English words that end in “You can convert many English words that end in “TYTY” into ” into Spanish by changing the “Spanish by changing the “TYTY” to “” to “DADDAD”.”.

INGLESINGLES ESPA ESPAÑÑOLOL CuriosityCuriosity curiosidadcuriosidad ElectricityElectricity electricidadelectricidad CityCity ciudadciudad PersonalityPersonality personalidadpersonalidad VarietyVariety variedadvariedad CommunityCommunity cocomumunidadnidad HumanityHumanity humanidadhumanidad

CATEGORY XICATEGORY XI

You can convert many English words that end in “RY” into You can convert many English words that end in “RY” into Spanish by changing the “RY” to “RIO”.Spanish by changing the “RY” to “RIO”.

INGLESINGLES ESPA ESPAÑÑOLOL AdversaryAdversary adversarioadversario AnniversaryAnniversary AniversarioAniversario DictionaryDictionary DiccionarioDiccionario SalarySalary salariosalario LaboratoryLaboratory laboratoriolaboratorio LiteraryLiterary literarioliterario VoluntaryVoluntary VoluntarioVoluntario

CATEGORY XIICATEGORY XII

You can convert many English words that end in You can convert many English words that end in “EM,’’ AM, OM into Spanish by adding the letter “EM,’’ AM, OM into Spanish by adding the letter A.A.

INGLESINGLES ESPA ESPAÑÑOLOL ProgramProgram programaprograma telegramtelegram telegramatelegrama diagramdiagram DiagramaDiagrama systemsystem sistemasistema ProblemProblem problemaproblema

CATEGORY XIIICATEGORY XIII You can convert many English words that end in You can convert many English words that end in

“CE” into Spanish by changing CE to CIA.“CE” into Spanish by changing CE to CIA.

INGLESINGLES ESPA ESPAÑÑOLOL IndependenceIndependence

IndepenenciaIndepenencia IndifferenceIndifference

IndiferenciaIndiferencia ExprerienceExprerience ExperienciaExperiencia FranceFrance FranciaFrancia

CATEGORY XIVCATEGORY XIV You can convert many English words that end You can convert many English words that end

in “CE” into Spanish by changing CY to in “CE” into Spanish by changing CY to CIA.CIA.

INGLESINGLES ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL DemocracyDemocracy

DemocraciaDemocracia EmergencyEmergency

EmergenciaEmergencia UrgencyUrgency UrgenciaUrgencia

CATEGORY XVCATEGORY XV Some words that end in “IN” or “INE” in Some words that end in “IN” or “INE” in

English end in “INA” in Spanish.English end in “INA” in Spanish.

INGLESINGLES ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL MedicineMedicine MedicinaMedicina DisciplineDiscipline DisciplinaDisciplina GasolineGasoline GasolinaGasolina DoctrineDoctrine DoctrinaDoctrina RoutineRoutine RoutinaRoutina

CATEGORY XVICATEGORY XVI Some words that end in “Some words that end in “IVEIVE” in English ” in English

end in “end in “IVOIVO” in Spanish.” in Spanish.

INGLESINGLES ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL ActiveActive attractiveattractive effectiveeffective

ActivoAtractivoEfectivo

CATEGORY XVIICATEGORY XVII Some words that end in “Some words that end in “CALCAL” in English ” in English

end in “end in “COCO” in Spanish.” in Spanish.

INGLESINGLES ESPAESPAÑÑOLOL IdenticalIdentical ididéénticontico EconomicalEconomical EconEconómicoómico TechnicalTechnical TTécnicoécnico

PracticalPractical PrPrácticoáctico

GROUP ACTIVITYGROUP ACTIVITY Groups of THREE.Groups of THREE. You are going to design a WORD WALL on the wall You are going to design a WORD WALL on the wall

outside the classroom.outside the classroom. Find at least 10 words according to the category the Find at least 10 words according to the category the

teacher is going to assign you.teacher is going to assign you. Make a nice, neat and colorful poster of your word. Make a nice, neat and colorful poster of your word.

(10 PER GROUP) USING WHITE POSTER (10 PER GROUP) USING WHITE POSTER BOARD. BOARD.

One group will be in charge also of making a nice One group will be in charge also of making a nice title for the wall. IT CAN BE GUESS INGLES OR title for the wall. IT CAN BE GUESS INGLES OR ESPANOL? FIND THE WORD. ESPANOL? FIND THE WORD.