essential questions: how does knowing about the digestive system process help me?
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Essential Questions: How does knowing about the digestive system process help me? In what ways can my knowledge about eating disorders help me to make better decisions in my life? Enduring Understanding - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Essential Questions:
1) How does knowing about the digestive system process help me?
2) In what ways can my knowledge about eating disorders help me to make
better decisions in my life?
Enduring Understanding
Students will understand that knowing about the digestive system
process can help them to have a healthy lifestyle.
Students will understand that eating disorders are dangerous to their
healthy but they are also treatable.
The group of organs that work together to break down foods into substances that your cells can use
A digestive juice produced by the salivary glands in your mouth
Saliva
Digestive System
A gland that helps the small intestine by producing a blend of enzymes that break down carbohydrates and fats
Pancreas
Liver A digestive gland that secretes a substance called bile, which helps to digest fats
How Your Body Digests Food
Digestion begins in your mouth.
digestion The process by which the body breaks down food into smaller pieces that can be absorbed by the blood and sent to each cell in your body
How Your Body Digests Food
Food is processed in your body by the digestive system.
digestive system The group of organs that work together to break down foods into substances that your cells can use
Where Does Digestion Begin?
When you crush food with your teeth, saliva mixes with the food. Amylase, an enzyme in saliva, begins breaking down carbohydrates in the food.
saliva A digestive juice produced by the salivary glands in your mouth
enzyme A substance that aids in the body’s chemical reactions
Your Digestive Organs
The liver and pancreas are two important organs in the digestive system.
liver A digestive gland that secretes a substance called bile, which helps to digest fats
pancreas A gland that helps the small intestine by producing pancreatic juice, a blend of enzymes that breaks down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats
Your Digestive Organs
After you swallow, food moves into your esophagus, then into your stomach, then into the small intestines.
small intestines A coiled tube from 20 to 23 feet long, in which about 90 percent of digestion takes place
Your Digestive Organs
The colon is the last stop for solid food the body can’t digest.
colon A tube five to six feet in length that plays a part in both digestion and excretion
Any water, vitamins, minerals, and salts left in the food mixture are absorbed by the colon.
DO NOW
What is digestion?
What is the basic pathway that foods make inside of your body?
This is the basic pathway that foods make inside of your body.
1.MOUTH
2.ESOPHAGUS
3.STOMACH
4.SMALL INTESTINE
5.LARGE INTESTINE
Removing Wastes
Excretion is a process of the excretory system.
excretion The process the body uses to get rid of waste
excretory system The group of organs that work together to remove wastes
The excretory system also controls the body’s water levels.
Removing Wastes
The kidneys help in the production of red blood cells and the regulation of blood pressure.
kidneys Organs that remove waste material, including salts, from the blood
The bladder stores urine until it is ready to be passed out of the body.
Removing Wastes
Your body’s solid wastes are called feces, which are stored in the colon until that organ becomes full.
Strong muscles in the wall of the colon begin to contract, which is a signal that the colon must be emptied.
Review TimeDirections: Write down the questions below and answer them on your folder. You have 3 minutes to do it.
1. What are the names of the chemicals produced by the digestive system?
2. What is the main role of enzymes?
3. What is the average length of an adult human
being small intestine?
Answers
1. What are the names of the chemicals produced by the digestive system?The names of the chemicals are enzymes
2. What is the main role of enzymes?Their main role is to break down the food
3. What is the average length of an adult human being small intestine?It averages from 20 to 25 feet long.
Essential Questions:
1) In what ways can my knowledge about eating disorders help me to make
better decisions in my life?
Enduring Understanding
Students will understand that eating disorders are dangerous to their
healthy but they are also treatable.
eating disorders
Extreme eating behaviors that can lead to serious illness or even death
An eating disorder in which a person strongly fears gaining weight and starves herself or himself
anorexia nervosa
An eating disorder in which a person repeatedly eats large amounts of food and then purges
bulimia nervosa
True or False
1. About 90 percent of the teens with eating disorders are female.
2. People with eating disorders may deny that they have a problem.
The Benefits of a Healthy Weight
Being within a healthy weight range is important for wellness and helps you have a positive body image.
The Benefits of a Healthy Weight
Being Overweight Being Underweight
Increases risk of:
• High blood pressure• Cardiovascular disease• Type 2 diabetes• Cancer• Bone and muscle damage
Increases risk of:
• Slow development• Fatigue• Immunity problems• Moodiness
Eating Disorders
People who feel bad about themselves or are depressed are more likely to develop eating disorders.
eating disorders Extreme eating behaviors that can lead to serious illness or even death
– About 90 percent of the teens with eating disorders are female.
– People with eating disorders may deny that they have a problem.
Anorexia Nervosa
People with anorexia nervosa believe they are overweight even if they are very thin.
anorexia nervosa An eating disorder in which a person strongly fears gaining weight and starves herself or himself
Anorexia can cause blood pressure to drop and heart damage.
Bulimia Nervosa
People with bulimia nervosa may purge themselves by throwing up, using laxatives, or over exercising.
bulimia nervosa An eating disorder in which a person repeatedly eats large amounts of food and then purges
Bulimia can damage the colon, liver, kidneys, esophagus, and teeth.
Binge Eating
Binge eating is also called compulsive overeating.
binge eating A disorder in which a person repeatedly eats too much food at a time
Binge eating can lead to weight gain, heart disease, diabetes, and some types of cancer.
Tips for Maintaining a Healthy Weight
Balance the caloriesyou eat with the
calories your body burns.
Choose healthful foodsand stay physically active. Drink plenty of water.
Only eat when you arehungry.
Use the MyPyramid asyour guide.
Chapter 4Nutrition
Lesson 2Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
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Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
>> Main Menu
>> Chapter 4 Assessment
Essential Questions:
Are we what we eat?
How come do some people eat very unhealthy and they still look very skinny and
healthy?
In this lesson, students will understand that
the USDA’s MyPlate can help them to make healthful food choices.
there are factors that determine a person’s nutrient needs and food choices.
nutrition The process of taking in food and using it for energy, growth, and good health
A guide for developing a healthful eating plan MyPlate
Nutrient dense Having a high amount of nutrients relative to the number of calories
The USDA’s MyPyramid
Good nutrition allows your body to grow and function in a healthy way.
nutrition The process of taking in food and using it for energy, growth, and good health
The USDA’s MyPyramid
The USDA created the MyPlate food guidance system to help you make healthful food choices.
MyPlate food guidance system A guide for developing a healthful eating plan
How to Meet Your Nutrient Needs
MyPlate makes recommendations on calorie consumption.
calorie A unit of heat that measures the energy available in foods
The MyPlate suggestions are based on your age, gender, and level of physical activity.
How to Meet Your Nutrient Needs
How Many Calories Do You Need?
Gender/Age Sedentary Lifestyle
Moderately Active Lifestyle Active Lifestyle
Females,Age 9–13
1200 calories per day 1600 calories per day 2200 calories per day
Males,Age 9–13
1800 calories per day 2000 calories per day 2600 calories per day
Eat a Variety of Foods
You can’t get all the nutrients your body needs from just one food group.
Try to get 45 to 65 percent of you food calories from carbohydrates, especially from low-fat, nutrient-rich foods.
Influences on Food Choices
Influences on Food Choices
LookFeel
SmellTaste
Familiarity Culture
Media CostLand
ClimateLocal Agriculture
Peers
Convenience
Healthful Eating Habits
Tips for creating healthful eating habits include:
Eat a variety of food from all the food groups in the recommended amounts.
Keep the amount of high-fat or sugary foods to a minimum.
Don’t skip meals.
Begin the Day with a Healthful Breakfast
By the time you wake up in the morning, you may have gone 10 to 12 hours without eating.
If you start your day with a healthful breakfast, you will have energy for later in the day.
Begin the Day with a Healthful Breakfast
Eat foods that are high in complex carbohydrates– Oatmeal with fruit and milk, or eggs and toast
Consider a bean burrito– Beans are high in protein and fiber
Drink a glass of low-fat milk and orange juice
Take breakfast with you if you are in a hurry– String cheese, yogurt, fruit, whole-grain bagel
Packing a Healthful Lunch
If you eat a sandwich, use whole-grain bread
Consider a salad and choose fat-free dressing
Cheese sticks or yogurt will give you protein and calcium
A cereal bar will give you carbohydrates
Eat fruit
Drink unsweetened fruit juice or bottled water
Smart Snacking
When snacking, choose foods that are nutrient dense.
Nutrient dense Having a high amount of nutrients relative to the number of calories
Examples of nutrient dense foods include:
A fruit smoothie made with yogurt
A peanut butter sandwich with bananas on whole-wheat bread
Keeping Foods Safe
Keep your hands, utensils, and
surfaces clean.
Separate raw, cooked, and ready-to-eat
foods.
Cook foods thoroughly.
Follow directions. When in doubt, throw it out.
Chapter 4Nutrition
Lesson 1Nutrients forGood Health
Next >>
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Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
>> Main Menu
>> Chapter 4 Assessment
Essential Questions:
1. In what ways can nutrients play an important role in my life?
2. How come some people know that nutritious foods are important for their
lives and they still choose to eat unhealthy foods?
In this lesson, students will understand that
there are different nutrient groups your body needs to be healthy.
good nutrition brings a lot of health benefits to their lives.
It is very important to analyze the information on a Nutrition Facts label.
Essential Questions:
How does understanding nutrition labels influence my personal decisions?
In this lesson, students will understand that
being able to analyze nutrition labels can help them to make better personal
decisions.
every food has its own nutrients and it is important to know them in order to
become wiser consumers.
nutrientsSubstances in foods that your body needs to grow, have energy, and stay healthy
The starches and sugars found in foods
The nutrient group used to build and repair cells
carbohydrates
protein
fats Nutrients that promote normal growth, give you energy, and keep your skin healthy
Compounds that help to regulate body processes vitamins
What Nutrients Do You Need?
Your body needs the nutrients in food to perform the activities of daily life.
nutrients Substances in foods that your body needs to grow, have energy, and stay healthy
Six Types of Nutrients
Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Vitamins Minerals Water
Carbohydrates
Your body uses carbohydrates as its main source of energy.
carbohydrates The starches and sugars found in foods
Two Types of Carbohydrates
Simple Complex
Carbohydrates
Some fiber is found in the tough, course part of plant foods such as the bran in whole-grain wheat and oats.
fiber A complex carbohydrate that the body cannot break down for energy
Proteins
Proteins are made up of compounds called amino acids.
proteins The nutrient group used to build and repair cells
Two Types of Proteins
Complete Incomplete
Fats
Fats help build and maintain your cell membranes
fats Nutrients that promote normal growth, give you energy, and keep your skin healthy
Fats carry vitamins A, D, E, and K to all parts of the body.
Fats
Saturated fats are found in meat, poultry, butter, and other dairy products.
saturated fats Fats that are usually solid at room temperature
Over time, eating too many saturated fats can increase the risk of heart disease and other diseases.
Fats
Your body makes two types of cholesterol.
cholesterol The waxy, fat-like substance that the body uses to build cells and make other substances
Two Types of Cholesterol
HDL (“good”) LDL (“bad”)
Fats
Blood levels of LDL cholesterol can rise if you eat too much trans fat, or trans fatty acids.
trans fatty acids A kind of fat formed when hydrogen is added to vegetable oil during processing
Vitamins
Some vitamins help your body fight disease, while others help your body produce energy.
vitamins Compounds that help to regulate body processes
Vitamins are either fat-soluble or water soluble.
Minerals
Minerals are important to your health.
minerals Substances the body uses to form healthy bones and teeth, keep blood healthy, and keep the heart and other organs working properly
Minerals
Mineral What It Does Where to Find It
Iron Helps make red blood cells Meat, poultry, beans
CalciumMagnesiumPhosphorus
Helps build teeth and bones and keeps them strong
Milk, cheese, and other dairy products
PotassiumSodium Chloride
Helps maintain the body’s fluid balance
Bananas, cantaloupe, fish, vegetables, meats such as chicken and turkey
Water
A person can only live about one week without water.
Water
Carries nutrientsto your cells
Helps you digestfood
Helps your bodyremove waste
Helps regulateyour body
temperature
Guidelines for Good Nutrition
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Department of Health and Human Services have developed the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
Tips on Healthful EatingEat a variety of nutritious foods every day.
Choose to eat fruit instead of drinking fruit juices.
Vary your vegetables and eat more of them.
Half of the grains you eat should be whole grains.
Eat enough calcium-rich foods.
Eat a variety of protein-rich foods.
When you eat meat, choose lean cuts and dishes that are baked, broiled, or grilled.
Go easy on foods that are high in saturated fats.
Avoid Too Much Sugar and Salt
Too Much Sugar… Too Much Salt…
• Fills you up an makes you less likely to eat healthy foods
• Promotes tooth decay• Is stored as fat, causing
weight gain
• Can increase blood pressure
Balance Food and Physical Activity
Try to match how physically active you are with the amount of food you eat.
To balance your weight with how you eat, be sure to fit physical activity into your life.
What I LearnedIdentify Which nutrient group is preferred by the bodyas a source of energy?
Lesson 1 Review
What I LearnedList Name the six nutrient groups that your bodyneeds to be healthy.
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking CriticallyApply Your friend eats a lot of snacks that are highin fat and sugar. She also says she doesn’t like fruitsor vegetables. How could you influence your peer tomake more healthful food choices?
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking CriticallyInfer Why do you think the U.S. government requires aNutrition Facts label on packaged foods?
Lesson 1 Review
References:
7th Grade Glencoe Health Textbook
Smart Notebook Lessons
www.discoveryeducation.com