essnet on measuring global value chains · essnet on measuring global value chains work package 1...

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ESSNet on Measuring Global Value Chains

Work Package 1

D1.2 Report containing description of data set structure and

contents and supporting guidelines for main indicators

Final draft, August 1, 2013

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Contents

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 4

Factsheets International Trade ............................................................................................................................... 5

1.1 Share of imports of goods and services in GDP ..................................................................................... 5

1.2 Share of exports of goods and services in GDP ..................................................................................... 7

1.3 Share of imports of goods and services in total EU27 ........................................................................... 9

1.4 Share of exports of goods and services in total EU27 ......................................................................... 11

Factsheets International Investments ................................................................................................................... 13

2.1 Share of inward FDI stocks in GDP ....................................................................................................... 13

2.2 Share of outward FDI stocks in GDP .................................................................................................... 15

2.3 Share of inward FDI stocks in EU27 total ............................................................................................. 17

2.4 Share of outward FDI stocks in EU27 total .......................................................................................... 19

2.5 FDI intensity – market integration ...................................................................................................... 21

Factsheets GVC’s and international organisation ................................................................................................. 23

3.1 Employment in foreign controlled enterprises as a share of total domestic employment ................. 23

3.2 Employment in foreign affiliates (extra-EU) as a share of total domestic employment ..................... 25

Factsheets R&D and Technology ........................................................................................................................... 27

4.1 Shares of enterprises engaged in innovation-cooperation with partners abroad .............................. 27

4.2 Intra-mural Business Enterprise R&D expenditures in foreign controlled enterprises as a share of

total intra-mural Business Enterprise R&D expenditure ................................................................................... 29

Factsheets Employment ........................................................................................................................................ 31

5.1 Employment development in domestic and foreign controlled enterprises ...................................... 31

5.2 Employment development in domestic controlled enterprises and in foreign affiliates (extra-EU)... 33

Factsheets Business Dynamics .............................................................................................................................. 35

6.1 Survival rate 5 ...................................................................................................................................... 35

6.2 Birth rate of enterprises ....................................................................................................................... 37

6.3 Death rate of enterprises .................................................................................................................... 39

Factsheets Economic Growth................................................................................................................................ 35

7.1 Value added development in domestic and foreign controlled enterprises ....................................... 41

Annex 1 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................... 43

Annex 2 Overview of suggested breakdowns per indicator ................................................................................. 44

Annex 3 Overview of economic activity coverage ................................................................................................ 45

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Introduction

This report1 describes the structure and meta-information of the main indicators for economic

globalisation as selected by the ESSNet of measuring Global Value Chains. Main indicators are the

most important and commonly available globalisation indicators within the ESS. For each of the

indicators the calculation, relevance, definition, sources (and links to these), formats, formal

characteristics is presented in a factsheet. With this approach the reader gets all relevant

information in a structured way on one page. The page or pages next to the factsheet illustrate the

indicator in a table with data retrieved from the EuroStat website.

Although the in the tables presented indicators are based on official figures, these are only

intended for illustrative use in this report and should not be applied for other purposes.

The report is structured according to the Economic Globalisation Indicators Framework, which is also

described in D1.1 and enclosed in Annex 1 of this report. We distinguish seven different themes and

organise the fact sheets in this report accordingly. The first four themes describe structural

characteristics of economic globalisation, while the latter three describe impacts of economic

globalisation on key policy themes and are hence expressed in annual developments. See deliverable

D1.1 Report on available statistics and feasibility of providing such globalisation indicators data for

an elaboration on the selection of the main indicators presented in this report. In addition to these

main indicators we distinguish a set of supplemental indicators (report D1.3), which give either more

detail (in terms of stratifications) to the main indicators or exist of variables, which are not (yet)

implemented in ESS Regulation and hence not available in all ESS countries.

1 Corresponding author: René Bongard ([email protected])

mailto:[email protected]

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Factsheets International Trade

(Main indicator 1.1 on International Trade)

1.1 Share of imports of goods and services in GDP Source

European System of Accounts - ESA 1995 (Council Regulation 2223/96)

Periodicity Annually

Reference period Calendar year

Definition o Imports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (purchases, barter, gifts or grants) from non-residents to residents (ESA95, 3.129). Import prices are measured c.i.f., including duties, freight and insurance costs.

o GDP at market prices is the final result of the production activity of resident producer units (ESA95, 8.89, variable code B1GM).

Calculation This indicator is calculated by dividing National Accounts variable P7 - Imports of goods and services by National Accounts variable B1GM - Gross domestic product at market prices.

Eurostat database

o Imports of goods and services: [nama_exi_c] o GDP: [nama_exi_c]

Relevance Imports occur when the products or services are not available on the domestic market and/or when the products or services from abroad are cheaper and/or have higher quality. This indicator reflects the dependence of the compiling country on goods and services produced abroad. Increased fragmentation of value chains over the world leads to increased imports and exports, since the final product is no longer produced on one location, and are imported from / exported to overseas production facilities. It also indicates the openness of an economy.

Formal characteristics

o format: ratio, expressed in percentages o unit of measurement: numerator and denominator in millions of euro o data coverage: whole economy

Suggested breakdowns

o By partner country o intra-EU: P7_S211 Imports of goods and services from the EU Member States o extra-EU: total minus intra-EU

o By type of trade o Goods: P71 Imports of goods o Services: P72 Imports of services

6

GEO/TIME 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010

European Union (27 countries) 4.216.214 4.892.021 11.754.457 12.278.744 36 40

Belgium 238.743 276.461 340.739 356.069 70 78

Bulgaria 19.681 21.381 34.933 36.052 56 59

Czech Republic 78.094 94.805 142.197 149.932 55 63

Denmark 97.790 105.903 223.576 236.477 44 45

Germany 889.610 1.034.440 2.374.500 2.496.200 37 41

Estonia 8.161 10.413 13.762 14.323 59 73

Ireland 120.352 128.326 161.205 156.487 75 82

Greece 71.002 70.020 231.081 222.152 31 32

Spain 270.189 308.109 1.048.060 1.048.883 26 29

France 475.139 538.347 1.885.762 1.936.720 25 28

Italy 368.947 442.752 1.519.695 1.551.886 24 29

Cyprus 7.839 8.387 16.854 17.406 47 48

Latvia 8.411 9.906 18.521 18.039 45 55

Lithuania 14.921 19.313 26.654 27.608 56 70

Luxembourg 47.325 55.974 36.027 39.906 131 140

Hungary 66.479 77.696 91.415 96.585 73 80

Malta 5.013 5.951 5.969 6.317 84 94

Netherlands 352.983 412.487 573.235 588.740 62 70

Austria 125.820 142.931 276.151 286.397 46 50

Poland 122.301 154.072 310.681 354.616 39 43

Portugal 59.717 67.439 168.529 172.860 35 39

Romania 43.310 51.162 118.196 124.328 37 41

Slovenia 20.149 23.137 35.556 35.607 57 65

Slovakia 44.631 53.113 62.794 65.870 71 81

Finland 61.539 69.736 172.318 178.796 36 39

Sweden 121.311 151.519 292.472 349.945 41 43

United Kingdom 476.758 558.830 1.573.465 1.709.607 30 33

Croatia 17.975 17.855 44.778 44.423 40 40

Norway 75.667 90.741 272.959 317.862 28 29

Switzerland 144.363 168.479 367.134 416.079 39 40

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

Share of imports of goods and services in GDP

Imports of goods and

services (mill ions of euro)

GDP at market prices

(mill ions of euro)

Share of imports of goods

and services in GDP (%)

7


1.2 Share of exports of goods and services in GDP

Source European System of Accounts - ESA 1995 (Council Regulation 2223/96)



Definition o Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents (ESA95, 3.128). Export prices are measured f.o.b. excluding duties, freight and insurance costs.

o GDP at market prices is the final result of the production activity of resident producer units (ESA95, 8.89, variable code B1GM.

Calculation This indicator is calculated by dividing National Accounts variable P6 - Exports of goods and services by National Accounts variable B1GM - Gross domestic product at market prices.

Eurostat database

o Exports of goods and services: [nama_exi_c] o GDP: [nama_exi_c]

Relevance This is a measure of the degree of dependence of the domestic economy on foreign markets, and their trade orientation. Export is often seen as an indicator of competitiveness of domestic producers, since a certain level of productivity and comparative advantage is needed. Increased fragmentation of value chains over the world leads to increased imports and exports, since the final product is no longer produced on one location, and are imported from / exported to overseas production facilities.


o format: ratio, expressed in percentages o unit of measurement: numerator and denominator in millions of euro o data coverage: whole economy


o By partner country o intra-EU: P6_S211 Exports of goods and services to the EU Member States o extra-EU: total minus intra-EU

o By type of trade o Goods: P61 Exports of goods o Services: P62 Exports of services

8

Share of exports of goods and services in GDP

GEO/TIME 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010

European Union (27 countries) 4.338.454 5.010.675 11.754.457 12.278.744 37 41

Belgium 248.035 284.533 340.739 356.069 73 80

Bulgaria 16.596 20.698 34.933 36.052 48 57

Czech Republic 83.829 99.832 142.197 149.932 59 67

Denmark 106.517 119.105 223.576 236.477 48 50

Germany 1.006.540 1.173.340 2.374.500 2.496.200 42 47

Estonia 8.953 11.376 13.762 14.323 65 79

Ireland 146.369 157.810 161.205 156.487 91 101

Greece 44.514 49.414 231.081 222.152 19 22

Spain 250.667 285.110 1.048.060 1.048.883 24 27

France 440.683 494.523 1.885.762 1.936.720 23 26

Italy 360.880 412.509 1.519.695 1.551.886 24 27

Cyprus 6.883 7.303 16.854 17.406 41 42

Latvia 8.136 9.661 18.521 18.039 44 54

Lithuania 14.454 18.765 26.654 27.608 54 68

Luxembourg 58.918 68.784 36.027 39.906 164 172

Hungary 70.920 83.972 91.415 96.585 78 87

Malta 4.883 6.041 5.969 6.317 82 96

Netherlands 393.050 460.493 573.235 588.740 69 78

Austria 138.253 154.950 276.151 286.397 50 54

Poland 122.534 149.791 310.681 354.616 39 42

Portugal 47.236 54.109 168.529 172.860 28 31

Romania 36.170 44.039 118.196 124.328 31 35

Slovenia 20.861 23.500 35.556 35.607 59 66

Slovakia 44.328 52.959 62.794 65.870 71 80

Finland 64.352 72.005 172.318 178.796 37 40

Sweden 140.261 173.157 292.472 349.945 48 50

United Kingdom 453.634 522.108 1.573.465 1.709.607 29 31

Croatia 16.389 17.656 44.778 44.423 37 40

Norway 109.291 128.677 272.959 317.862 40 41

Switzerland 184.914 215.144 367.134 416.079 50 52

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

Share of exports of goods

and services in GDP (%)

GDP at market prices

(mill ions of euro)

Exports of goods and services

(mill ions of euro)

9


1.3 Share of imports of goods and services in EU27 total




Definition Imports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (purchases, barter, gifts or grants) from non-residents to residents (ESA95, 3.129). Import prices are measured c.i.f., including duties, freight and insurance costs.

Calculation This indicator is calculated by dividing the compiling countries’ imports of goods and services by the EU27 total imports of goods and services (National Accounts variable P7 - Imports of goods and services). This indicator is also calculated for several non-EU member states (Croatia, Norway, Switzerland). Take into account that imports of goods and services of those countries are not included in EU27 total

Eurostat database

Imports of goods and services: [nama_exi_c]

Relevance This measure indicates to what extent the compiling countries contribute to the total imports of the European Union. It enables benchmarking between member states.


o format: share of 100 percent, expressed in percentages o unit of measurement: numerator and denominator in millions of euro o data coverage: whole economy


o By partner country o intra-EU: P7_S211 Imports of goods and services to the EU Member States o extra-EU: total minus intra-EU

o By type of trade o Goods: P71 Imports of goods o Services: P72 Imports of services

10

Share of imports of goods and services in total EU27

GEO/TIME 2009 2010 2009 2010

European Union (27 countries) 4.216.214 4.892.021 100,0 100,0

Belgium 238.743 276.461 5,7 5,7

Bulgaria 19.681 21.381 0,5 0,4

Czech Republic 78.094 94.805 1,9 1,9

Denmark 97.790 105.903 2,3 2,2

Germany 889.610 1.034.440 21,1 21,1

Estonia 8.161 10.413 0,2 0,2

Ireland 120.352 128.326 2,9 2,6

Greece 71.002 70.020 1,7 1,4

Spain 270.189 308.109 6,4 6,3

France 475.139 538.347 11,3 11,0

Italy 368.947 442.752 8,8 9,1

Cyprus 7.839 8.387 0,2 0,2

Latvia 8.411 9.906 0,2 0,2

Lithuania 14.921 19.313 0,4 0,4

Luxembourg 47.325 55.974 1,1 1,1

Hungary 66.479 77.696 1,6 1,6

Malta 5.013 5.951 0,1 0,1

Netherlands 352.983 412.487 8,4 8,4

Austria 125.820 142.931 3,0 2,9

Poland 122.301 154.072 2,9 3,1

Portugal 59.717 67.439 1,4 1,4

Romania 43.310 51.162 1,0 1,0

Slovenia 20.149 23.137 0,5 0,5

Slovakia 44.631 53.113 1,1 1,1

Finland 61.539 69.736 1,5 1,4

Sweden 121.311 151.519 2,9 3,1

United Kingdom 476.758 558.830 11,3 11,4

Croatia 17.975 17.855 0,4 0,4

Norway 75.667 90.741 1,8 1,9

Switzerland 144.363 168.479 3,4 3,4

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

*note that imports of goods and services of Croatia, Norway and Switzerland are not included in EU27 total

Imports of goods and services

in total EU27 (%)

Imports of goods and services

(mill ions of euro)

11


1.4 Share of exports of goods and services in EU27 total




Definition Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents (ESA95, 3.128). Figures are presented as shares of the EU27 total. Export prices are measured f.o.b. excluding duties, freight and insurance costs.

Calculation This indicator is calculated by dividing the compiling countries’ exports of goods and services by the EU27 total exports of goods and services (National Accounts variable P6 - Exports of goods and services). This indicator is also calculated for several non-EU member states (Croatia, Norway, Switzerland). Take into account that exports of goods and services of those countries are not included in EU27 total.

Eurostat database

Exports of goods and services: [nama_exi_c]

Relevance This measure indicates to what extent the compiling countries contribute to the total exports of the European Union. It enables benchmarking between member states.


o format: share of 100 percent, expressed in percentages o unit of measurement: numerator and denominator in millions of euro o data coverage: whole economy


o By partner country o intra-EU: P6_S211 Exports of goods and services to the EU Member States o extra-EU: total minus intra-EU

o By type of trade o Goods: P61 Exports of goods o Services: P62 Exports of services

12

Share of exports of goods and services in total EU27

GEO/TIME 2009 2010 2009 2010


Belgium 248.035 284.533 5,7 5,7

Bulgaria 16.596 20.698 0,4 0,4

Czech Republic 83.829 99.832 1,9 2,0

Denmark 106.517 119.105 2,5 2,4

Germany 1.006.540 1.173.340 23,2 23,4

Estonia 8.953 11.376 0,2 0,2

Ireland 146.369 157.810 3,4 3,1

Greece 44.514 49.414 1,0 1,0

Spain 250.667 285.110 5,8 5,7

France 440.683 494.523 10,2 9,9

Italy 360.880 412.509 8,3 8,2

Cyprus 6.883 7.303 0,2 0,1

Latvia 8.136 9.661 0,2 0,2

Lithuania 14.454 18.765 0,3 0,4

Luxembourg 58.918 68.784 1,4 1,4

Hungary 70.920 83.972 1,6 1,7

Malta 4.883 6.041 0,1 0,1

Netherlands 393.050 460.493 9,1 9,2

Austria 138.253 154.950 3,2 3,1

Poland 122.534 149.791 2,8 3,0

Portugal 47.236 54.109 1,1 1,1

Romania 36.170 44.039 0,8 0,9

Slovenia 20.861 23.500 0,5 0,5

Slovakia 44.328 52.959 1,0 1,1

Finland 64.352 72.005 1,5 1,4

Sweden 140.261 173.157 3,2 3,5

United Kingdom 453.634 522.108 10,5 10,4

Croatia 16.389 17.656 0,4 0,4

Norway 109.291 128.677 2,5 2,6

Switzerland 184.914 215.144 4,3 4,3

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

*note that exports of goods and services of Croatia, Norway and Switzerland are not included in EU27 total

Exports of goods and services

(mill ions of euro)

Exports of goods and services in

EU27 total (%)

13

Factsheets International Investments

(Main indicator 2.1 on International Investments)

2.1 Share of inward FDI stocks in GDP Source o Regulation (EC) No 184/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council on

Community statistics concerning balance of payments, international trade in services and foreign direct investment.

o European System of Accounts - ESA 1995 (Council Regulation 2223/96).



Definition Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) stocks (or positions) denote the value of the investment at the end of the period. Inward FDI stocks are recorded as liabilities of the compiling economy. FDI is the category of international investment made by an entity (direct investor) to acquire a lasting interest in an entity operating in an economy other than that of the investor (direct investment enterprise). The lasting interest is deemed to exist if the investor acquires at least 10% of the equity capital of the enterprise. Data are expressed as percentage of GDP to remove the effect of differences in the size of the economies of the reporting countries, and to allow cross-country comparisons.

Calculation Value of inward FDI stocks divided by the value of the GDP in the compiling country.

Eurostat database

o Inward FDI stocks: [bop_fdi_main] o GDP: [nama_gdp]

Relevance Inward FDI provides data on the monetary value of investment by multinational enterprises in the global economy. An increase of the ratio implies a greater share of foreign investment in domestic enterprises, thus an increase in the relative share of globalisation. It is also an indicator of the attractiveness of the compiling country for foreign investors. It is to be noted that FDI stocks and GDP are not fully compatible measurements. Nevertheless, in the absence of other more meaningful cross-country comparisons of the relative size of globalisation, GDP remains as the best common reference.


o format: ratio, expressed in percentages o unit of measurement: numerator and denominator in millions of euro o data coverage: all statistical units receiving or performing foreign direct investment.


By partner country: intra-EU and extra-EU

14

Share of inward FDI financial stocks in GDP

Geo / Time 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009

Austria 106.439 119.836 282.744 276.151 38 43

Belgium 613.310 313.221 346.374 340.777 177 92

Bulgaria 31.659 34.170 35.431 34.933 89 98

Cyprus 11.979 12.779 17.157 16.854 70 76

Czech Republic 81.468 87.304 154.270 142.197 53 61

Denmark 109.573 109.362 235.133 223.985 47 49

Estonia 11.775 11.654 16.235 13.762 73 85

Finland 60.017 58.768 185.670 172.318 32 34

France 693.068 716.248 1.933.195 1.885.763 36 38

Germany 657.117 650.686 2.473.800 2.374.500 27 27

Greece 27.141 28.131 233.198 231.081 12 12

Hungary 62.005 68.279 105.536 91.415 59 75

Ireland 135.294 171.766 178.882 161.275 76 107

Italy 235.618 252.968 1.575.144 1.519.695 15 17

Latvia 8.063 7.998 22.890 18.521 35 43

Lithuania 9.191 9.560 32.414 26.654 28 36

Luxembourg 59.595 69.982 37.372 36.027 159 194

Malta 5.757 6.662 5.859 5.857 98 114

Netherlands 463.894 458.458 594.481 573.235 78 80

Poland 116.914 128.948 363.175 310.681 32 42

Portugal 71.833 79.629 171.983 168.504 42 47

Romania 48.345 49.889 139.765 118.196 35 42

Slovakia 36.226 36.469 64.414 62.794 56 58

Slovenia 11.236 10.538 37.244 35.556 30 30

Spain 423.152 438.328 1.087.788 1.048.060 39 42

Sweden 200.314 230.683 333.256 292.472 60 79

United Kingdom 693.305 767.113 1.809.576 1.573.466 38 49

Croatia 21.740 24.979 47.538 44.778 46 56

Norway 80.992 102.418 311.285 270.011 26 38

Switzerland 320.277 341.981 357.725 367.134 90 93

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

GDP in compiling countryShare of inward FDI stocks

in GDP (%)Stocks of inward FDI (all countries of

the world) in mill ions of Euros

15


2.2 Share of outward FDI stocks in GDP Source o Regulation (EC) No 184/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council on


o European System of Accounts - ESA 1995 (Council Regulation 2223/96).



Definition Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) stocks (or positions) denote the value of the investment at the end of the period. Outward FDI stocks are recorded as assets of the reporting economy. FDI is the category of international investment made by an entity (direct investor) to acquire a lasting interest in an entity operating in an economy other than that of the investor (direct investment enterprise). The lasting interest is deemed to exist if the investor acquires at least 10% of the equity capital of the enterprise. Data are expressed as percentage of GDP to remove the effect of differences in the size of the economies of the reporting countries, and to allow cross-country comparisons.

Calculation Value of outward FDI stocks divided by the GDP of the compiling country.

Eurostat database

o Outward FDI stocks: [bop_fdi_main] o GDP: [nama_gdp]

Relevance Outward FDI provides data on the monetary value of investment by multinational enterprises in the global economy. An increase of the ratio implies a greater share of investment in foreign units by domestic enterprises, thus an increase in the relative share of globalisation. It is to be noted that FDI stocks and GDP are not fully compatible measurements. Nevertheless, in the absence of other more meaningful cross-country comparisons of the relative size of globalisation, GDP remains as the best common reference.





16

Share of outward FDI stocks in GDP

Geo / Time 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009

Austria 106.870 113.307 282.744 276.151 38 41

Belgium 584.378 281.006 346.374 340.777 169 82

Bulgaria 1.037 971 35.431 34.933 3 3

Cyprus 7.740 8.212 17.157 16.854 45 49

Czech Republic 9.021 10.272 154.270 142.197 6 7

Denmark 135.918 145.954 235.133 223.985 58 65

Estonia 4.764 4.605 16.235 13.762 29 33

Finland 82.014 89.674 185.670 172.318 44 52

France 986.645 1.062.109 1.933.195 1.885.763 51 56

Germany 854.915 892.096 2.473.800 2.374.500 35 38

Greece 26.915 29.765 233.198 231.081 12 13

Hungary 12.395 13.279 105.536 91.415 12 15

Ireland 121.381 200.826 178.882 161.275 68 125

Italy 317.874 337.621 1.575.144 1.519.695 20 22

Latvia 737 615 22.890 18.521 3 3

Lithuania 1.413 1.597 32.414 26.654 4 6

Luxembourg 82.986 86.808 37.372 36.027 222 241

Malta 697 1.065 5.859 5.857 12 18

Netherlands 639.425 663.921 594.481 573.235 108 116

Poland 17.111 20.527 363.175 310.681 5 7

Portugal 45.272 47.530 171.983 168.504 26 28

Romania 1.044 968 139.765 118.196 1 1

Slovakia 2.113 2.188 64.414 62.794 3 3

Slovenia 5.677 5.568 37.244 35.556 15 16

Spain 424.440 429.032 1.087.788 1.048.060 39 41

Sweden 232.112 245.228 333.256 292.472 70 84

United Kingdom 1.127.153 1.105.147 1.809.576 1.573.466 62 70

Croatia 2.639 4.560 47.538 44.778 6 10

Norway 95.748 114.026 311.285 270.011 31 42

Switzerland 518.440 574.277 357.725 367.134 145 156

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

GDP in compiling countryShare of outward FDI

stocks in GDP (%)Stocks of outward FDI (all countries

of the world) in mill ions of Euros

17


2.3 Share of inward FDI stocks in EU27 total Source Regulation (EC) No 184/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council on




Definition Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) stocks (or positions) denote the value of the investment at the end of the period. Inward FDI stocks are recorded as liabilities of the compiling economy. FDI is the category of international investment made by an entity (direct investor) to acquire a lasting interest in an entity operating in an economy other than that of the investor (direct investment enterprise). The lasting interest is deemed to exist if the investor acquires at least 10% of the equity capital of the enterprise. Figures are presented as shares of the EU27 total.

Calculation This indicator is calculated by dividing the compiling countries’ inward FDI stock by the EU27 total inward FDI. This indicator is also calculated for several non-EU member states. Take into account that outward FDI stocks of those countries are not included in EU27 total.

Eurostat database

Inward FDI stocks: [bop_fdi_main]

Relevance Inward FDI provides data on the monetary value of investment by multinational enterprises in the global economy. It is an indicator of the attractiveness of the compiling country for foreign investors.





18

Share of inward FDI stocks in total EU27

Geo / Time 2008 2009 2008 2009


Austria 106.439 119.836 2,1 2,4

Belgium 613.310 313.221 12,3 6,4

Bulgaria 31.659 34.170 0,6 0,7

Cyprus 11.979 12.779 0,2 0,3

Czech Republic 81.468 87.304 1,6 1,8

Denmark 109.573 109.362 2,2 2,2

Estonia 11.775 11.654 0,2 0,2

Finland 60.017 58.768 1,2 1,2

France 693.068 716.248 13,9 14,5

Germany 657.117 650.686 13,2 13,2

Greece 27.141 28.131 0,5 0,6

Hungary 62.005 68.279 1,2 1,4

Ireland 135.294 171.766 2,7 3,5

Italy 235.618 252.968 4,7 5,1

Latvia 8.063 7.998 0,2 0,2

Lithuania 9.191 9.560 0,2 0,2

Luxembourg 59.595 69.982 1,2 1,4

Malta 5.757 6.662 0,1 0,1

Netherlands 463.894 458.458 9,3 9,3

Poland 116.914 128.948 2,3 2,6

Portugal 71.833 79.629 1,4 1,6

Romania 48.345 49.889 1,0 1,0

Slovakia 36.226 36.469 0,7 0,7

Slovenia 11.236 10.538 0,2 0,2

Spain 423.152 438.328 8,5 8,9

Sweden 200.314 230.683 4,0 4,7

United Kingdom 693.305 767.113 13,9 15,6

Croatia 21.740 24.979 0,4 0,5

Norway 80.992 102.418 1,6 2,1

Switzerland 320.277 341.981 6,4 6,9

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

*note that inward FDI stocks of Croatia, Norway and Switzerland are not included in EU27 total

Stocks of inward FDI (all countries


Share of inward FDI in

EU27 total (%)

19


2.4 Share of outward FDI stocks in EU27 total Source Regulation (EC) No 184/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council on




Definition Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) stocks (or positions) denote the value of the investment at the end of the period. Outward FDI stocks are recorded as assets of the reporting economy. FDI is the category of international investment made by an entity (direct investor) to acquire a lasting interest in an entity operating in an economy other than that of the investor (direct investment enterprise). The lasting interest is deemed to exist if the investor acquires at least 10% of the equity capital of the enterprise. Figures are presented as shares of the EU27 total.

Calculation This indicator is calculated by dividing the compiling countries’ outward FDI stock by the EU27 total outward FDI. This indicator is also calculated for several non-EU member states. Take into account that outward FDI stocks of those countries are not included in EU27 total.

Eurostat database

Outward FDI stocks: [bop_fdi_main]

Relevance Outward FDI provides data on the monetary value of investment by multinational enterprises in the global economy. An increase of outward FDI implies a greater share of investment in foreign units by domestic enterprises, thus an increase in the relative share of globalisation.





20

Share of outward FDI stocks in total EU27

Geo / Time 2008 2009 2008 2009


Austria 106.870 113.307 1,8 2,0

Belgium 584.378 281.006 10,0 4,8

Bulgaria 1.037 971 0,0 0,0

Cyprus 7.740 8.212 0,1 0,1

Czech Republic 9.021 10.272 0,2 0,2

Denmark 135.918 145.954 2,3 2,5

Estonia 4.764 4.605 0,1 0,1

Finland 82.014 89.674 1,4 1,5

France 986.645 1.062.109 16,9 18,3

Germany 854.915 892.096 14,7 15,4

Greece 26.915 29.765 0,5 0,5

Hungary 12.395 13.279 0,2 0,2

Ireland 121.381 200.826 2,1 3,5

Italy 317.874 337.621 5,5 5,8

Latvia 737 615 0,0 0,0

Lithuania 1.413 1.597 0,0 0,0

Luxembourg 82.986 86.808 1,4 1,5

Malta 697 1.065 0,0 0,0

Netherlands 639.425 663.921 11,0 11,4

Poland 17.111 20.527 0,3 0,4

Portugal 45.272 47.530 0,8 0,8

Romania 1.044 968 0,0 0,0

Slovakia 2.113 2.188 0,0 0,0

Slovenia 5.677 5.568 0,1 0,1

Spain 424.440 429.032 7,3 7,4

Sweden 232.112 245.228 4,0 4,2

United Kingdom 1.127.153 1.105.147 19,3 19,1

Croatia 2.639 4.560 0,0 0,1

Norway 95.748 114.026 1,6 2,0

Switzerland 518.440 574.277 8,9 9,9

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

*note that outward FDI stocks of Croatia, Norway and Switzerland are not included in EU27 total

Share of outward FDI in EU27 total

Stocks of outward FDI (all countries


21


2.5 FDI intensity – market integration Source Regulation (EC) No 184/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council on




Definition FDI intensity as percentage of GDP is the average of inward and outward FDI flows divided by GDP.

Calculation This indicator is calculated by calculating the average of inward and outward FDI flows and dividing it by the GDP.

Eurostat database

FDI intensity: [bop_fdi_str]

Relevance A combination of inward and outward FDI flows is an indicator for market integration. A higher index indicates higher new FDI during the period in relation to the size of the economy as measured by GDP.





22

FDI intensity - market integration indicator

FDI intensity (%)

Geo / Time 2009 2010

European Union (27 countries) 2,6 2,1

Austria 2,5 1,4

Belgium 1,9 4,2

Bulgaria 3,4 1,8

Cyprus 8,2 3,1

Czech Republic 1,0 1,8

Denmark 1,7 -1,8

Estonia 8,9 4,6

Finland 1,3 3,5

France 2,5 2,1

Germany 1,5 2,4

Greece 0,7 0,3

Hungary 1,5 1,4

Ireland 11,7 15,7

Italy 1,0 1,0

Latvia 0,1 0,8

Lithuania 0,2 1,1

Luxembourg 431,0 403,4

Malta 4,9 6,1

Netherlands 4,6 2,9

Poland 2,2 2,2

Portugal 0,8 -1,1

Romania 1,4 0,9

Slovakia 0,5 1,6

Slovenia -0,4 0,2

Spain 0,8 2,8

Sweden 4,4 2,1

United Kingdom 2,6 2,0

Croatia 3,7 0,2

Norway 6,3 5,5

Switzerland 5,4 10,2

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

23

Factsheets GVC’s and international organisation

(Main indicator 3.1 on international organisation)

3.1 Employment in foreign controlled enterprises as a share of total

domestic employment

Source o Regulation (EC) No 716/2007 of the European Parliament and the Council (EC) on

the structure and activity of foreign affiliates o Regulation (EC) No 295/2008 of the European Parliament and the Council of 11

March 2008 concerning structural business statistics



Definition The number of persons employed foreign controlled enterprises as a share of the total number of persons employed in the compiling country, where the number of persons employed in both the numerator and the denominator is defined by variable code 16 11 0 (of persons employed) of Regulation (EC) No 2700/98

Calculation Number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) of the Inward-FATS divided by the number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) of the Structural Business Statistics.

Eurostat database

o Persons employed in foreign controlled enterprises: [fats_g1a_08] o Total persons employed : [sbs_na_sca_r2]

Relevance Both (FDI) and FATS reflect aspects of the role of multinationals in the global economy. FDI provides data on the monetary value of investment; FATS describe the economic activity of companies receiving the investment (take into account different scopes for FDI and FATS regarding ownership thresholds). While inward FDI statistics give an idea of the total amount of capital invested by foreigners in the EU economy (or EU member states), inward FATS provides insights into the economic impact those investments have in the receiving country in terms of, for example, job creation. In order to enable cross-country analysis, this inward FATS variable is taken as share of total domestic employment. So this indicator shows the relative employment impact of inward FDI.


o format: ratio, expressed in percentages o unit of measurement numerator /denominator: number of persons employed o coverage:

o I-FATS: NACE Rev.2 Sections B to N and Division 95, excluding K (from 2008) o SBS: NACE Rev.2 Sections B to N and Division 95, excluding K


o By activity: aggregated to NACE Rev.2 Sections B to N and Division 95, excluding K o By country of UCI: intra-EU and extra-EU

24

Employment in foreign controlled enterprises as a share of total employment

Geo / Time 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010

Austria 2.536.256 2.557.287 473.127 480.159 18,7 18,8

Belgium 2.496.547 2.649.160 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Bulgaria n.a. 1.927.935 263.663 263.879 n.a. 13,7

Cyprus 238.772 242.049 10.567 12.672 4,4 5,2

Czech Republic n.a. 3.460.140 932.442 926.124 n.a. 26,8

Denmark 1.542.160 1.505.933 288.053 n.a. 18,7 n.a.

Estonia 382.037 365.677 85.051 82.407 22,3 22,5

Finland 1.440.193 1.418.193 224.725 215.253 15,6 15,2

France n.a. 15.208.233 1.730.748 1.722.537 n.a. 11,3

Germany 24.819.182 24.932.382 2.217.517 2.472.616 8,9 9,9

Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Hungary 2.437.115 2.437.262 587.703 601.946 24,1 24,7

Ireland 1.139.334 1.080.859 252.725 254.202 22,2 23,5

Italy 15.604.219 15.309.796 1.140.090 1.101.672 7,3 7,2

Latvia 558.146 540.151 95.691 93.402 17,1 17,3

Lithuania 820.705 775.203 113.913 110.120 13,9 14,2

Luxembourg 225.646 232.228 89.013 95.515 39,4 41,1

Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Netherlands 3.941.963 3.864.883 803.245 804.404 20,4 20,8

Poland 8.412.688 8.372.380 1.216.687 1.297.848 14,5 15,5

Portugal 3.163.311 3.257.064 295.633 298.875 9,3 9,2

Romania 3.963.543 3.713.223 962.306 942.997 24,3 25,4

Slovakia 1.006.142 1.471.438 337.640 330.077 33,6 22,4

Slovenia 624.873 604.720 74.087 75.467 11,9 12,5

Spain 10.314.515 11.989.152 1.141.132 1.270.499 11,1 10,6

Sweden 2.820.473 2.892.259 624.216 620.757 22,1 21,5

United Kingdom 18.107.772 17.738.876 3.249.274 3.263.412 17,9 18,4

Croatia 1.153.441 1.075.442 n.a. 104.872 n.a. 9,8

Norway 1.455.828 1.447.456 280.434 289.473 19,3 20,0

Switzerland n.a. 2.560.014 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

Number of persons employed in

foreign controlled enterprises

Foreign controlled enterprises ’

share of employment (%)

Number of persons employed

in the compiling country

25

(Main indicator 3.2 International Organisation)

3.2 Employment in foreign affiliates (extra-EU) as a share of total domestic employment

Source o Regulation (EC) No 716/2007 of the European Parliament and the Council (EC) on the structure and activity of foreign affiliates

o Regulation (EC) No 295/2008 of the European Parliament and the Council of 11 March 2008 concerning structural business statistics



Definition The number of persons employed in foreign affiliates (extra-EU) that are controlled by institutional units resident in the compiling country as a share of the number of persons employed in the compiling country, where the number of persons employed in both the numerator and the denominator is defined by variable code 16 11 0 (Number of persons employed) of Regulation (EC) No 2700/98.

Calculation Number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) of the Outward-Foreign Affiliates Statistics divided by the number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) of the Structural Business Statistics.

Eurostat database

o Persons employed in foreign affiliates *extra-EU): [fats_out2_r2] o Total persons employed: [sbs_na_sca_r2]

Relevance Both (FDI) and FATS reflect aspects of the role of multinationals in the global economy. While FDI provides data on the monetary value of investment, FATS describe the economic activity of companies receiving the investment (take into account different scopes for FDI and FATS regarding ownership thresholds).. Outward FATS give an idea of the economic impact of EU investments abroad. In order to enable cross-country analysis, this outward FATS variable is taken as share of total employment in the compiling country. So the indicator shows the relative employment impact of outward FDI (extra-EU).


o format: ratio, expressed in percentages o unit of measurement numerator /denominator: number of persons employed o coverage

2: O-FATS activity to be adapted to SBS

o O-FATS: NACE Rev.2 Sections B to S excluding O (from 2010) o SBS: NACE Rev.2 Sections B to N and Division 95, excluding K


o By activity: aggregated to NACE Rev.2 Sections B to N excluding K o By country of location: extra-EU

2 O-FATS published according to NACE Rev.2 since 2010, while SBS and I-FATS are published according to NACE Rev.2 since

2008. This implies difficulties when comparing these figures for the years 2008 and 2009, because different NACE

classifications are applied.

26

Employment in foreign affiliates (extra-EU) as a share of domestic employment

Geo / Time 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010

Austria 2.536.256 2.557.287 164.319 174.696 6,5 6,8

Belgium 2.496.547 2.649.160 96.833 69.783 3,9 2,6

Bulgaria n.a. 1.927.935 9.046 8.795 n.a. 0,5

Cyprus 238.772 242.049 21.237 20.858 8,9 8,6

Czech Republic n.a. 3.460.140 15.250 13.983 n.a. 0,4

Denmark 1.542.160 1.505.933 242.329 261.241 15,7 17,3

Estonia 382.037 365.677 4.014 3.637 1,1 1,0

Finland 1.440.193 1.418.193 218.347 226.063 15,2 15,9

France n.a. 15.208.233 2.679.990 2.825.111 n.a. 18,6

Germany 24.819.182 24.932.382 2.306.927 2.435.572 9,3 9,8

Greece n.a. n.a. 31.912 36.268 n.a. n.a.

Hungary 2.437.115 2.437.262 16.906 13.977 0,7 0,6

Ireland 1.139.334 1.080.859 n.a. 92.302 n.a. 8,5

Italy 15.604.219 15.309.796 806.513 893.482 5,2 5,8

Latvia 558.146 540.151 1.878 1.671 0,3 0,3

Lithuania 820.705 775.203 8.773 8.233 1,1 1,1

Luxembourg 225.646 232.228 115.211 153.598 51,1 66,1

Malta n.a. n.a. 627 n.a. n.a. n.a.

Netherlands 3.941.963 3.864.883 761.055 796.249 19,3 20,6

Poland 8.412.688 8.372.380 30.867 37.738 0,4 0,5

Portugal 3.163.311 3.257.064 83.596 71.101 2,6 2,2

Romania 3.963.543 3.713.223 1.630 1.287 0,0 0,0

Slovakia 1.006.142 1.471.438 7.210 6.670 0,7 0,5

Slovenia 624.873 604.720 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Spain 10.314.515 11.989.152 632.519 586.239 6,1 4,9

Sweden 2.820.473 2.892.259 511.307 553.582 18,1 19,1

United Kingdom 18.107.772 17.738.876 3.834.235 3.823.057 21,2 21,6

Croatia 1.153.441 1.075.442 n.a. 5.914 n.a. 0,5

Norway 1.455.828 1.447.456 90.529 94.306 6,2 6,5

Switzerland n.a. 2.560.014 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

* in 2009 NACE Rev.1; in 2010 NACE Rev.2 for O-FATS

Number of persons

employed in foreign

affil iates (extra-EU)*

Number of persons

employed in the

compiling country

Employment in foreign

affil iates (extra-EU) as share

of domestic employment (%) *

27

Factsheets R&D and Technology

(Main indicator 4.1 R&D and Technology)

4.1 Shares of enterprises engaged in innovation-cooperation with partners abroad

Source Commission Regulation (EC) No 1450/2004 of 13 August 2004 implementing Decision No

1608/2003/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the production and development of Community statistics on innovation

Periodicity Every second year

Reference period 3-year periods

Definition The number of enterprises engaged in innovation-cooperation with partners abroad (ie. Europe, United States, China or India, Other) as a share of the total number of enterprises engaged in innovation cooperation. Innovative enterprises are defined as: product and/or process innovative enterprises, regardless organisational or marketing innovation (including enterprises with abandoned/suspended or on-going innovation activities).

Calculation Number of enterprises engaged in innovation cooperation with partners from respectively Europe, United States, China or India and Other divided by the total number of enterprises engaged in innovation cooperation. Take into account that innovation-cooperation only covers enterprises with 10 or more employees.

Eurostat database

Innovation cooperation: [inn_cis7_coop] (2008-2010)

Relevance This indicator reflects the extent of cross-border innovation cooperation. This cooperation might be with other enterprises within the group, suppliers, commercial labs, universities or public research institutes. Innovation is one of the main drivers of productivity and hence economic growth. Innovation cooperation with foreign partners yields cross-border knowledge spillovers, and is hence an important indicator for innovation in a globalising world.


o format: ratio, expressed in percentages o unit of measurement numerator /denominator: enterprises engaged in innovation

cooperation o coverage: NACE B05-B09, C10-C33, D35, E36-E39, G46, H49-H53, J58, J61,

J62, J63, K64-K66, M71 (only enterprises with 10+ employees)


By partner country: ‘EU, EFTA & EU-candidates’, ‘China or India’, ‘United States’, ‘Other’.

28

Shares of enterprises engaged in innovation-cooperation with partners abroad

Country total EU, EFTA & EU candidates United States China or India Other EU, EFTA & EU candidates United States China or India Other

Austria 3.576 2.112 384 206 275 59,1 10,7 5,8 7,7

Belgium 2.722 1.509 455 203 252 55,4 16,7 7,5 9,3

Bulgaria 579 329 78 46 82 56,8 13,5 7,9 14,2

Cyprus 315 191 37 28 67 60,6 11,7 8,9 21,3

Czech Republic 2.441 1.495 269 197 279 61,2 11,0 8,1 11,4

Denmark 1.361 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Estonia 636 453 46 27 54 71,2 7,2 4,2 8,5

Finland 1.494 1.033 458 334 284 69,1 30,7 22,4 19,0

France 8.580 3.852 1.515 874 1.183 44,9 17,7 10,2 13,8

Germany 19.814 6.659 1.772 1.210 1.260 33,6 8,9 6,1 6,4

Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Hungary 1.251 491 63 55 61 39,2 5,0 4,4 4,9

Ireland 922 568 224 98 119 61,6 24,3 10,6 12,9

Italy 5.802 1.928 455 370 538 33,2 7,8 6,4 9,3

Latvia 201 143 35 31 56 71,1 17,4 15,4 27,9

Lithuania 552 326 50 50 145 59,1 9,1 9,1 26,3

Luxembourg 243 205 53 45 44 84,4 21,8 18,5 18,1

Malta 41 29 10 6 6 70,7 24,4 14,6 14,6

Netherlands 4.030 1.581 385 305 336 39,2 9,6 7,6 8,3

Poland 2.742 1.279 247 154 228 46,6 9,0 5,6 8,3

Portugal 1.826 815 167 74 211 44,6 9,1 4,1 11,6

Romania 905 n.a. n.a. n.a. 0 n.a. n.a. n.a. 0,0

Slovakia 575 497 80 57 83 86,4 13,9 9,9 14,4

Slovenia 645 502 109 86 123 77,8 16,9 13,3 19,1

Spain 4.911 1.172 247 118 220 23,9 5,0 2,4 4,5

Sweden 3.115 1.783 848 545 532 57,2 27,2 17,5 17,1

United Kingdom 3.237 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Croatia 706 432 85 61 123 61,2 12,0 8,6 17,4

Norway 882 473 169 98 95 53,6 19,2 11,1 10,8

Switzerland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

Enterprises engaged in innovation co-operation (2008-2010)Shares of enterprises engaged in innovation co-operation per geographical

location of innovation partner (2008-2010 ) (%)

29

(Main indicator 4.2 R&D and Technology)

4.2 Intra-mural Business Enterprise R&D expenditures in foreign controlled enterprises as a share of total intra-mural Business Enterprise R&D expenditure

Source o Regulation (EC) No 716/2007 of the European Parliament and the Council (EC) on

the structure and activity of foreign affiliates o Commission Regulation No 753/2004 on statistics on science and technology (OJ L

118, page 23 from 23 April 2004)

Periodicity Every second year


Definition Research and experimental development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. Eurostat statistics on R&D expenditure and personnel are compiled using the guidelines described in the Frascati Manual.

Calculation Total intra-mural Business Enterprise R&D expenditure (variable code 22 11 0) of foreign controlled enterprises divided by the total expenditure on R&D (variable code 22 11 0) in the compiling country. Take into account that total intra-mural R & D expenditure only covers enterprises with 10 or more employees.

Eurostat database

o Business Enterprise R&D expenditure in foreign controlled enterprises: [fats_g1a_rd] o Total Business Enterprise R&D expenditure: [rd_e_berdindr2]

Relevance This indicator shows to what extent R&D is financed by enterprises under foreign control. The higher the ratio, the more a country’s domestic market is internationalised and reflects its interdependence with other countries. It is an important indicator, because R&D is a driver for innovation, which is one of the main drivers for productivity and economic growth.


o format: ratio, expressed in percentages o Unit of measurement numerator /denominator: million Euros o Coverage:

o I-FATS: NACE Rev.2 sections B, C, D, E, F o R&D: NACE Rev.2 All sections (only enterprises with 10+ employees)


o By country of UCI: intra-EU and extra-EU o By activity: aggregated to NACE Rev.2 B-F

30

Total intra-mural R&D

expenditure in compiling

country (mill ion euro)

Total intra-mural R&D expenditure

in foreign controlled enterprises

(mill ion euro)

Share of intramural R&D

expenditure of foreign

controlled enterprises (%)

Geo / Time 2009 2009 2009

Austria 3481,9 2078,8 59,7

Belgium 3023,5 n.a n.a

Bulgaria 13,5 n.a n.a

Cyprus 5,1 n.a n.a

Czech Republic 800,2 n.a n.a

Denmark 2540,8 n.a n.a

Estonia 20,9 n.a n.a

Finland 3977,4 n.a n.a

France 14734,4 n.a n.a

Germany 39010,3 n.a n.a

Greece 0,0 n.a n.a

Hungary 424,7 199,5 47,0

Ireland 743,3 n.a n.a

Italy 7363,7 n.a n.a

Latvia 12,3 n.a n.a

Lithuania 29,6 n.a n.a

Luxembourg 0,0 n.a n.a

Malta 14,0 n.a n.a

Netherlands 3588,0 1113,1 31,0

Poland 358,5 190,3 53,1

Portugal 515,7 0,2 0,0

Romania 126,6 3,6 2,8

Slovakia 84,0 n.a n.a

Slovenia 340,9 n.a n.a

Spain 3690,1 981,3 26,6

Sweden 5577,7 n.a n.a

United Kingdom 6947,5 4,5 0,1

Croatia 68,0 n.a n.a

Norway 1078,2 208,0 19,3

Switzerland 0,0 n.a n.a

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

Intra-mural Business Enterprise R&D expenditures in foreign controlled enterprises as a share of total intra-mural

R&D expenditure

31

Factsheets Employment

(Main indicator 5.1 on Employment)

5.1 Employment development in domestic and foreign controlled

enterprises





Definition A benchmark of the annual change in the absolute values of: o the number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) in foreign controlled

enterprises o the number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) in domestic controlled

enterprises

Calculation o the number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) in foreign controlled enterprises in year t minus the value from year t-1 divided by the value from year t-1

o the number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) domestic controlled enterprises in year t minus the value from year t-1 divided by the value from year t-1

Eurostat database

o Persons employed in foreign controlled enterprises (inward): [fats_g1a_08] o Persons employed in compiling country: [sbs_na_sca_r2]

Relevance This indicator consists in fact of two indicators: the annual development of employment in domestic and foreign controlled enterprises. It shows the dynamics of ownership on employment. Take into account that these figures are influenced by the economic climate and also by the change of ownership (of especially large enterprises).


o format: 2 tables with ratios, expressed in percentages (development t-1, t) o unit of measurement: development in number of persons in percentages o data coverage:

o SBS: NACE Rev.2, Sections B to N and Division 95, excluding K; o Inward FATS Rev.2, Sections B to N and Division 95, excluding K


o By country of UCI: intra-EU and extra-EU

32

Employment development in domestic and foreign controlled enterprises

Employment development

in domestic controlled

enterprises (%)


in foreign controlled

enterprises (%)

GEO/TIME 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009-2010 2009-2010

Austria 2.536.256 2.557.287 2.063.129 2.077.128 473.127 480.159 0,7 1,5

Belgium 2.496.547 2.649.160 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Bulgaria 2.041.918 1.927.935 1.778.255 1.664.056 263.663 263.879 -6,4 0,1

Cyprus 238.772 242.049 228.205 229.377 10.567 12.672 0,5 19,9

Czech Republic n.a. 3.460.140 n.a. 2.534.016 932.442 926.124 n.a. -0,7

Denmark 1.542.160 1.505.933 1.254.107 n.a. 288.053 n.a. n.a. n.a.

Estonia 382.037 365.677 296.986 283.270 85.051 82.407 -4,6 -3,1

Finland 1.440.193 1.418.193 1.214.394 1.202.940 225.799 215.253 -0,9 -4,7

France n.a. 15.208.233 n.a. 13.485.696 1.730.748 1.722.537 n.a. -0,5

Germany 24.819.182 24.932.382 22.601.665 22.459.766 2.217.517 2.472.616 -0,6 11,5

Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Hungary 2.437.115 2.437.262 1.849.412 1.835.316 587.703 601.946 -0,8 2,4

Ireland 1.139.334 1.080.859 886.609 826.657 252.725 254.202 -6,8 0,6

Italy 15.604.219 15.309.796 14.464.129 14.208.124 1.140.090 1.101.672 -1,8 -3,4

Latvia 558.146 540.151 462.455 446.749 95.691 93.402 -3,4 -2,4

Lithuania 820.705 775.203 706.792 665.083 113.913 110.120 -5,9 -3,3

Luxembourg 225.646 232.228 136.633 136.713 89.013 95.515 0,1 7,3

Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Netherlands 3.941.963 3.864.883 3.138.718 3.060.479 803.245 804.404 -2,5 0,1

Poland 8.412.688 8.372.380 7.196.001 7.074.532 1.216.687 1.297.848 -1,7 6,7

Portugal 3.163.311 3.257.064 2.867.678 2.958.189 295.633 298.875 3,2 1,1

Romania 3.963.543 3.713.223 3.001.237 2.770.226 962.306 942.997 -7,7 -2,0

Slovakia 1.006.142 1.471.438 668.502 1.141.361 337.640 330.077 70,7 -2,2

Slovenia 624.873 604.720 550.786 529.253 74.087 75.467 -3,9 1,9

Spain 10.314.515 11.989.152 9.173.383 10.718.653 1.141.132 1.270.499 16,8 11,3

Sweden 2.820.473 2.892.259 2.196.257 2.271.502 624.216 620.757 3,4 -0,6

United Kingdom 18.107.772 17.738.876 14.858.498 14.475.464 3.249.274 3.263.412 -2,6 0,4

Croatia 1.153.441 1.075.442 n.a. 970.570 n.a. 104.872 n.a. n.a.

Norway 1.455.828 1.447.456 1.175.394 1.157.983 280.434 289.473 -1,5 3,2

Switzerland n.a. 2.560.014 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

Number of persons

employed in compiling

economy

Number of persons

employed in foreign

controlled enterprises

Number of persons

employed in domestic


33

(Main indicator 5.2 on Employment)

5.2 Employment development in domestic controlled enterprises and in

foreign affiliates (extra-EU)





Definition A benchmark of the annual change in the absolute values of: o the number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) in domestic controlled

enterprises o the number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) in extra-EU affiliates

Calculation o the number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) domestic controlled enterprises in year t minus the value from year t-1 divided by the value from year t-1

o the number of persons employed (variable code 16 11 0) in extra-EU affiliates in year t minus the value from year t-1 divided by the value from year t-1

Eurostat database

o Persons employed in foreign affiliates (outward): [fats_out2_r2] o Persons employed in compiling country: [sbs_na_sca_r2]

Relevance This indicator consists in fact of two indicators: the annual development of employment in domestic controlled enterprises and in foreign affiliates (extra-EU). It shows how employment develops in domestic controlled enterprises compared to foreign affiliates, of these domestic controlled. Take into account that these figures are influenced by the economic climate and also by the change of ownership (of especially large enterprises).


o format: 2 tables with ratios, expressed in percentages (development t-1, t) o unit of measurement: development in number of persons in percentages o data coverage

3:

o Outward FATS: NACE Rev.2, Sections B to S excluding O; o SBS: NACE Rev.2, Sections B to N and Division 95, excluding K


o By activity: largest common aggregation of NACE Rev. 2: sections B to N, excluding K

3 O-FATS published according to NACE Rev.2 since 2010, while SBS and I-FATS are published according to NACE Rev.2 since

2008. This implies difficulties when comparing these figures for the years 2008 and 2009, because different NACE

classifications are applied.

34

Employment development in domestic controlled enterprises and in foreign affiliates (extra-EU)


in domestic controlled

enterprises (%)

Employment

development in foreign

affil iates (extra-EU) (%)*

GEO/TIME 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009-2010 2009-2010

Austria 2.063.129 2.077.128 164.319 174.696 0,7 6,3

Belgium n.a. n.a. 96.833 69.783 n.a. -27,9

Bulgaria 1.778.255 1.664.056 9.046 8.795 -6,4 -2,8

Cyprus 228.205 229.377 21.237 20.858 0,5 -1,8

Czech Republic n.a. 2.534.016 15.250 13.983 n.a. -8,3

Denmark 1.254.107 n.a. 242.329 261.241 n.a. 7,8

Estonia 296.986 283.270 4.014 3.637 -4,6 -9,4

Finland 1.214.394 1.202.940 218.347 226.063 -0,9 3,5

France n.a. 13.485.696 2.679.990 2.825.111 n.a. 5,4

Germany 22.601.665 22.459.766 2.306.927 2.435.572 -0,6 5,6

Greece n.a. n.a. 31.912 36.268 n.a. 13,7

Hungary 1.849.412 1.835.316 16.906 13.977 -0,8 -17,3

Ireland 886.609 826.657 n.a. 92.302 -6,8 n.a.

Italy 14.464.129 14.208.124 806.513 893.482 -1,8 10,8

Latvia 462.455 446.749 1.878 1.671 -3,4 -11,0

Lithuania 706.792 665.083 8.773 8.233 -5,9 -6,2

Luxembourg 136.633 136.713 115.211 153.598 0,1 33,3

Malta n.a. n.a. 627 n.a. n.a. n.a.

Netherlands 3.138.718 3.060.479 761.055 796.249 -2,5 4,6

Poland 7.196.001 7.074.532 30.867 37.738 -1,7 22,3

Portugal 2.867.678 2.958.189 83.596 71.101 3,2 -14,9

Romania 3.001.237 2.770.226 1.630 1.287 -7,7 -21,0

Slovakia 668.502 1.141.361 7.210 6.670 70,7 -7,5

Slovenia 550.786 529.253 n.a. n.a. -3,9 n.a.

Spain 9.173.383 10.718.653 632.519 586.239 16,8 -7,3

Sweden 2.196.257 2.271.502 511.307 553.582 3,4 8,3

United Kingdom 14.858.498 14.475.464 3.834.235 3.823.057 -2,6 -0,3

Croatia n.a. 970.570 n.a. 5.914 n.a. n.a.

Norway 1.175.394 1.157.983 90.529 94.306 -1,5 4,2

Switzerland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

* in 2009 NACE Rev.1; in 2010 NACE Rev.2 for O-FATS

Number of persons

employed in domestic


Number of persons

employed in foreign

affil iates (extra-EU)*

35

Factsheets Business Dynamics (Main indicator 6.1 on Business Dynamics)

6.1 Survival rate 5

Source Regulation (EC) No 295/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2008 concerning Structural Business Statistics.



Definition Survival: In the Business Demography context, survival occurs if an enterprise is active in terms of employment and/or turnover in the year of birth and the following year(s). Two types of survival can be distinguished: 1. An enterprise born in year t is considered to have survived in year t+5 if it is active in terms of turnover and/or employment in any part of year t+5 (= survival without changes). 2. An enterprise is also considered to have survived if the linked legal unit(s) have ceased to be active, but their activity has been taken over by a new legal unit set up specifically to take over the factors of production of that enterprise (= survival by take-over). The survival rate is defined by dividing surviving enterprises born in a certain year by the total number of enterprises born in that year.

Calculation Number of enterprises that are newly born in t-5 having survived to t of the SBS Business Demography Statistics divided by total number of enterprises newly born in t-5 having survived to t of the SBS Business Demography Statistics, expressed as a percentage.

Eurostat Database

Business demography indicators [bd_9bd_sz_cl_r2]

Relevance This indicator reflects the survival of new enterprises as a share of the total enterprise population in the compiling country and is an indicator for the survival chances of new entrants in the economy. New entrants are important for competitiveness in an economy and for generation of employment.


o format: ratio, expressed in percentages o unit of measurement numerator/denominator: number of enterprises o data coverage: Section B to N, excluding K64.2.


-

36

Survival rate 5

Survival rate 5

(2009)

Survival rate 5

(2010)

GEO/TIME 2004 2005 2004-2009 2005-2010 2004-2009 2005-2010

Austria 24.236 25.441 14.615 15.081 60,3 59,3

Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Bulgaria 41.936 43.116 18.515 18.694 44,2 43,4

Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. 1.389 n.a. n.a.

Czech Republic 89.305 77.672 39.999 34.424 44,8 44,3

Denmark n.a. n.a. 9.798 11.512 n.a. n.a.

Estonia 5.944 6.440 2.794 2.959 47,0 45,9

Finland 20.721 21.253 9.349 10.559 45,1 49,7

France 223.087 224.819 114.122 115.525 51,2 51,4

Germany 303.338 283.105 122.011 112.693 40,2 39,8


Hungary 59.122 52.646 23.830 20.476 40,3 38,9

Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Italy 300.018 308.307 151.385 153.840 50,5 49,9

Latvia 6.396 7.278 2.955 3.192 46,2 43,9

Lithuania n.a. n.a. 5.830 7.508 n.a. n.a.

Luxembourg 2.101 2.225 1.127 1.205 53,6 54,2

Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. 1.535 n.a. n.a.

Netherlands 52.831 62.040 24.797 28.348 46,9 45,7

Poland 174.939 195.970 78.359 86.016 44,8 43,9

Portugal 92.133 83.866 35.120 36.696 38,1 43,8

Romania 72.266 76.337 38.905 34.435 53,8 45,1

Slovakia 28.782 43.278 12.773 18.118 44,4 41,9

Slovenia 7.702 8.579 4.879 5.182 63,3 60,4

Spain 282.307 317.273 138.023 144.890 48,9 45,7

Sweden 36.525 41.212 23.015 25.429 63,0 61,7

United Kingdom n.a. n.a. 119.710 108.870 n.a. n.a.

Croatia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Norway 24.829 24.811 9.819 10.256 39,5 41,3

Switzerland 10.841 10.250 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

Total number of newly

born enterprises in t-5

Total number of newly born

enterprises in t-5 having survived to t

37

(Main indicator 6.2 on Business Dynamics)

6.2 Birth rate of enterprises Source Regulation (EC) No 295/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March

2008 concerning Structural Business Statistics



Definition The number of births of enterprises in year t as a share of the population of active enterprises in the year t. A birth amounts to the creation of a combination of production factors with the restriction that no other enterprises are involved in the event. Births do not include entries into the population due to mergers, break-ups, split-off or restructuring of a set of enterprises. It does not include entries into a sub-population resulting only from a change of activity. A birth occurs when an enterprise starts from scratch and actually starts activity. An enterprise creation can be considered an enterprise birth if new production factors, in particular new jobs, are created. If a dormant unit is reactivated within two years, this event is not considered a birth.

Calculation Number of births of enterprises in year t (variable code 11 92 0) of the SBS Business Demography Statistics divided by the population of active enterprises in year t (variable code 11 91 0) of the SBS Business Demography Statistics.

Eurostat database

Population and births of enterprises: [bd_9ac_l_form_r2]

Relevance The birth of new enterprises is often seen as one of the key determinants of job creation and economic growth. Enterprise births are thought to increase the competitiveness of enterprises, by obliging them to become more efficient. As such, they stimulate innovation and facilitate the adoption of new technologies, while helping to increase overall productivity within an economy.


o format: ratio, expressed in percentages o unit of measurement numerator /denominator: number of enterprises o data coverage: NACE Rev.2 Sections B to N excluding K64.2


-

38

Birth rate of enterprises

Geo / Time 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010

Austria 334.776 337.141 21.165 22.028 4,6 5,2

Belgium 526.013 534.783 24.099 27.969 17,6 11,4

Bulgaria 327.647 323.872 57.741 36.890 10,9 11,4

Cyprus 57.378 51.464 1.746 2.011 9,8 10,9

Czech Republic 933.760 969.801 102.021 110.880 8,3 8,7

Denmark 210.245 212.593 20.576 23.266 10 11

Estonia 72.734 70.302 7.229 7.794 6,9 5,8

Finland 283.955 286.599 26.224 28.887 7,2 7,8

France 2.901.100 2.947.623 445.382 376.631 15 12,8

Germany 2.937.202 2.958.720 244.199 258.076 7,2 6,7


Hungary 559.414 563.368 n.a. n.a. 3,0 3,9

Ireland 199.241 195.431 13.810 11.237 16 17

Italy 3.998.096 3.985.434 288.834 265.060 14,7 21,1

Latvia 79.742 82.650 13.093 13.803 9,3 9,5

Lithuania 121.404 120.830 17.869 25.463 9,2 10,0

Luxembourg 26.686 27.611 2.474 2.629 12,1 9,9


Netherlands 808.679 787.170 97.875 77.530 6,3 6,5

Poland 1.910.364 1.957.113 245.331 270.271 13 14

Portugal 761.565 876.907 85.794 103.950 11,3 11,9

Romania 498.127 450.168 47.247 39.211 9,5 8,7

Slovakia 362.928 374.114 59.290 49.354 11,3 10,3

Slovenia 119.653 123.467 13.557 12.757 16,3 n.a.

Spain 3.194.175 3.102.016 229.540 242.228 9,2 10,1

Sweden 651.917 667.421 46.240 50.214 7,1 7,5

United Kingdom 2.109.610 2.013.215 212.830 210.955 10,1 10,5


Norway 271.208 268.949 23.544 20.758 8,7 7,7

Switzerland n.a. n.a. 10.227 n.a. n.a. n.a.

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

Population of active enterprises Number of births of enterprises Birth rate (%)

39

(Main indicator 6.3 on Business Dynamics)

6.3 Death rate of enterprises Source Regulation (EC) No 295/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11

March 2008 concerning Structural Business Statistics



Definition The number of deaths of enterprises in year t as a share of the population of active enterprises in the year t. A death amounts to the dissolution of a combination of production factors with the restriction that no other enterprises are involved in the event. Deaths do not include exits from the population due to mergers, take-overs, break-ups or restructuring of a set of enterprises. It does not include exits from a sub-population resulting only from a change of activity. An enterprise is included in the count of deaths only if it is not reactivated within two years.

Calculation Number of deaths of enterprises in year t (variable code 11 93 0) of the SBS Business Demography Statistics divided by the population of active enterprises in year t (variable code 11 91 0) of the SBS Business Demography Statistics.

Eurostat database Population and deaths of enterprises: [bd_9ac_l_form_r2]

Relevance This indicator reflects the disappearance of enterprises as a share of the total enterprise population and is an indicator for exits of enterprises from the economy. Enterprises exit the economy when they experience (high) losses, and therefore this is an indicator for profitability in the economy.

Formal characteristics o format: ratio, expressed in percentages o unit of measurement numerator /denominator: number of enterprises o data coverage: NACE Rev.2 Sections B to N excluding K64.2


-

40

Death rate of enterprises

Geo / Time 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009

Austria 335.605 334.776 22.648 21.440 6,8 6

Belgium 521.634 526.013 17.549 20.798 3,4 4,0

Bulgaria 271.272 327.647 35.442 25.772 13,1 8

Cyprus 59.099 57.378 1.408 2.193 2,4 4

Czech Republic 840.464 933.760 68.910 92.213 8,2 10

Denmark n.a. 210.245 n.a. 26.305 n.a. 13

Estonia 74.612 72.734 9.853 10.621 13,2 14,6

Finland 281.485 283.955 21.927 25.271 7,8 9

France 2.670.242 2.901.100 206.556 212.502 8 7,3

Germany 2.972.219 2.937.202 n.a. 261.297 n.a. 9


Hungary 575.382 559.414 62.193 60.548 10,8 11

Ireland 203.083 199.241 19.530 24.511 10 12

Italy 4.054.307 3.998.096 283.273 314.880 7,0 8

Latvia 77.299 79.742 10.803 11.899 14,0 15

Lithuania 140.572 121.404 40.837 29.855 29,1 25

Luxembourg 25.898 26.686 2.006 1.962 7,8 7


Netherlands 758.648 808.679 58.700 63.254 7,7 8

Poland 1.834.960 1.910.364 165.216 223.354 9 12

Portugal 799.978 761.565 148.198 167.411 18,5 22

Romania 512.753 498.127 53.150 89.736 10,4 18

Slovakia 345.987 362.928 39.358 50.480 15,0 n.a.

Slovenia 113.313 119.653 7.522 8.890 6,6 7

Spain 3.286.851 3.194.175 310.598 305.446 9,5 10

Sweden 636.225 651.917 37.430 40.295 5,9 6

United Kingdom 2.157.830 2.109.610 253.765 298.510 11,8 14


Norway 272.075 271.208 18.570 19.127 6,8 7

Switzerland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

Death rate (%)Population of active

enterprises

Number of deaths of

enterprises

41

Factsheets Economic Growth (Main indicator 7.1 on Economic Growth)

7.1 Value added development in domestic and foreign controlled

enterprises Source

o Regulation (EC) No 716/2007 of the European Parliament and the Council (EC) on the structure and activity of foreign affiliates


Periodicity

Annually

Reference period

Calendar year

Definition Value added at factor cost is the gross income from operating activities after adjusting for operating subsidies and indirect taxes. It can be calculated from turnover, plus capitalised production, plus other operating income, plus or minus the changes in stocks, minus the purchases of goods and services, minus other taxes on products which are linked to turnover but not deductible, minus the duties and taxes linked to production. This indicator is a benchmark of the annual change in the absolute values of: o the value added (variable code 12 15 0) in foreign controlled enterprises o the value added (variable code 12 15 0) in domestic controlled enterprises

Calculation o the value added (variable code 12 15 0) in foreign controlled enterprises in year t minus the value from year t-1 divided by the value from year t-1

o the value added (variable code 12 15 0) domestic controlled enterprises in the compiling country in year t minus the value from year t-1 divided by the value from year t-1

Eurostat database

o Value added in foreign controlled enterprises (inward): [fats_g1a_08] o Value added in compiling country: [sbs_na_sca_r2]

Relevance This indicator consists in fact of two indicators, which show the annual development of value added in domestic and foreign controlled enterprises. Placing these figures next to each other provides an overview of how value added development compares between domestic and foreign controlled enterprises.

4 Take into account that these figures are

influenced by the economic climate and also by the change of ownership (of especially large enterprises).


o format: 2 tables with ratios, expressed in percentages (development t-1, t) o unit of measurement: development in value added (millions of euros) at factor cost in

percentages o data coverage:

o SBS NACE Rev.2 Sections B to N and S95, excluding K; o Inward FATS Rev.2 Sections B to N and S95, excluding K


By country of UCI: intra-EU and extra-EU

4 Take into account that value added in foreign affiliates may be underestimated because of issues such as transfer prices.

42

Value added development in domestic and foreign controlled enterprises

Development of value

added in domestic


Development of value

added in foreign


Geo / Time 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009-2010 2009-2010

Austria 143.864 151.348 110.848 113.236 33.016 38.112 2,2 15,4

Belgium 168.268 176.405 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Bulgaria n.a. 16.554 n.a. 11.602 4.416 4.952 n.a. 12,1

Cyprus 8.676 8.789 8.120 8.103 556 686 -0,2 23,3

Czech Republic n.a. 82.697 n.a. 47.337 32.251 35.360 n.a. 9,6

Denmark 107.774 114.878 81.278 n.a. 26.497 n.a. n.a. n.a.

Estonia 6.770 7.247 4.824 5.012 1.946 2.235 3,9 14,8

Finland 78.818 84.621 63.518 68.031 15.300 16.590 7,1 8,4

France 811.938 871.787 686.251 734.566 125.687 137.221 7,0 9,2

Germany 1.205.206 1.297.866 992.593 1.034.183 212.614 263.683 4,2 24,0

Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Hungary 42.704 46.158 21.788 23.448 20.916 22.710 7,6 8,6

Ireland 85.371 81.431 44.820 37.139 40.551 44.292 -17,1 9,2

Italy 592.395 670.216 513.987 578.194 78.409 92.022 12,5 17,4

Latvia 7.454 7.715 5.542 5.452 1.912 2.264 -1,6 18,4

Lithuania 8.880 9.408 6.504 6.638 2.376 2.770 2,1 16,6

Luxembourg 15.115 17.986 8.517 10.399 6.597 7.587 22,1 15,0

Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Netherlands 300.048 298.021 230.261 221.562 69.787 76.459 -3,8 9,6

Poland 149.216 166.138 108.119 119.038 41.097 47.100 10,1 14,6

Portugal 74.583 77.866 61.452 64.318 13.131 13.548 4,7 3,2

Romania 44.494 46.478 26.570 26.629 17.925 19.849 0,2 10,7

Slovakia 21.559 31.470 12.233 19.994 9.326 11.476 63,5 23,0

Slovenia 16.171 17.625 13.514 14.619 2.657 3.006 8,2 13,1

Spain 365.361 476.509 298.437 392.913 66.924 83.597 31,7 24,9

Sweden 150.803 184.834 107.109 131.780 43.695 53.054 23,0 21,4

United Kingdom 864.267 925.088 617.448 656.342 246.819 268.746 6,3 8,9

Croatia 22.305 21.474 n.a. 17.009 n.a. 4.465 n.a. n.a.

Norway 161.534 181.403 121.905 135.912 39.629 45.491 11,5 14,8

Switzerland n.a. 250.679 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

EU27

Other

Source: Eurostat

Total value added at

factor cost (m€) in the

compiling country

Value added at factor

cost (m€) in domestic


Value added at factor

cost (m€) in foreign


43

Annex 1 Abbreviations

Abbreviation Description

CIS Community Innovation Survey

R&D Research and Development

FATS Foreign Affiliates Statistics

SBS Structural Business Statistics

NACE Nomenclature des Activités Économiques dans la Communauté Européenne

BOP Balance of Payments

FDI Foreign Direct Investment

GVC Global Value Chain

GDP Gross Domestic Product

44

Annex 2 Overview of suggested breakdowns per indicator

Indicator Indicator name Economic activity

Size class Legal status

Partner country Other

1.1 Share of imports of goods and services in GDP - - - Intra/extra-EU Goods/services

1.2 Share of exports of goods and services in GDP - - - Intra/extra-EU Goods/services

1.3 Share of imports of goods and services in EU27 total - - - Intra/extra-EU Goods/services

1.4 Share of exports of goods and services in EU27 total - - - Intra/extra-EU Goods/services

2.1 Share of inward FDI stocks in GDP - - - Intra/extra-EU -

2.2 Share of outward FDI stocks in GDP - - - Intra/extra-EU -

2.3 Share of inward FDI stocks in EU27 total - - - Intra/extra-EU -

2.4 Share of outward FDI stocks in EU27 total - - - Intra/extra-EU -

2.5 FDI intensity - market integration - - - Intra/extra-EU -

3.1 Employment in foreign controlled enterprises as a share of total domestic employment - - - Intra/extra-EU -

3.2 Employment in foreign affiliates (extra-EU) as a share of total domestic employment - - - extra-EU -

4.1 Shares of enterprises engaged in innovation-cooperation with partners abroad - - - China or India, EU, EFTA & EU-candidates, US, Other

-

4.2 Intra-mural Business Enterprise R&D expenditures in foreign controlled enterprises as a share of total intra-mural Business Enterprise R&D expenditure

- - - Intra/extra-EU -

5.1 Employment development in domestic and foreign controlled enterprises - - - Intra/extra-EU -

6.1 Survival rate 5 - - - -

6.2 Birth rate of enterprises - - - - -

6.3 Death rate of enterprises - - - - -

7.1 Value added development in domestic and foreign controlled enterprises - - - Intra/extra-EU -

45

Annex 3 Overview of economic activity coverage

Data source Economic activity coverage Start NACE Rev.2

Inward FATS5 NACE Rev.2, Sections B to N and S95, excluding K 2008

Outward FATS NACE Rev.2 Sections B to S excluding O 2010

SBS ACE Rev.2, Sections B to N and S95, excluding K 2008

Business demography NACE Rev.2 B to N excluding K64.2 2008

CIS NACE Rev.2 B05-B09, C10-C33, D35, E36-E39, G46,

H49-H53, J58, J61, J62, J63, K64-K66, M71

2008

R&D NACE Rev.2 All sections 2008

International trade in goods All goods which add or subtract from the stock of

material resources of the reporting Member State

by entering or leaving its economic territory.

-

International trade in services

(BOP)

All the economic transactions between residents

and non-residents regarding the provision of

services.

-

FDI stocks (BOP) All direct investors (for outward FDI) and by all

direct investment enterprises (for inward FDI).

-

5 For I-FATS intra-mural R&D expenditures (variable code 22 11 0) only these activity sections are mandatory: NACE Rev.2

sections B, C, D, E, F

essnet on measuring global value chains · essnet on measuring global value chains work package 1...

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