PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE OF CA MATI CITY PROJECT PREPARATION UNIT OF URBAN UPGRADING

FOR CA MAU CITY

MEKONG DELTA REGION URBAN UPGRADING PROJECT CA MAU CITY SUB-PROJECT

ETHNIC MINORITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Ca Mau, December 2011

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PEOPLE'S COMIvlITTEE OF CA iVIAU CITY PREPARATION UNIT OF CA MAD CITY URBAN UPGRADING PROJECT

**** *

MEKONG DELTA REGION'S URBAN UPGRADING PROJECT

CA MAU CITY SUB-PROJECT

ETHNIC MINORITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN

FOR THE OWNER. PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE

OF CA MAU CITY

·L

FOR THE ONSULTANT: THlKECO INVESTMENT CONSULTANCY ~ FOR DEVELOPMENT & CONSTRUCTION

JOINT STOCK COMPANY

THIKECO

BQ CONG TlHfONG MTNISTRY OF TNDUSTRY AND TRADE CONG TY CO PHAN nrvAN DAti TUPHAT TRIEN VA XAY DljNG THlKECO

TIIIKECO INVESTMENT CONSULTANCY FOR DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION J.S.CO. 411 KlM MA - BA DiNH - HA N(n

Tel. (84) (4) 3846-4681, 3846-4492 * Fax. (84) (4) 3831-5375 * E-mail:thikeco@hn.vnn.vn

MAINLY RESPONSIBLE BY:

. Managedby:

Manager a/Technical &Planning Dept:

HoANGH!C / JY QUANTATTHANG ·~

ISO 9001:2008

Head 0/ Project Team: LETrENHUNG ~

Prepared by: NGUYEN HONG CHUONG ~~

HOANG LlfC

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. . Definition of terms

Preambles

Executive Summary

TABLE OF CONTENTs

1

2

I INTRODUCTION 4

1.1 Background of the Proj ect 4

1.2 Ca Mau City Upgrading Project 5

1.3 Objectives of Ethnic Minority Development Plan (EMDP) 5

II. SOCIO ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF KHMER PEOPLE IN PROJECT AREA

2.1 Ethnic minority commnunities in Ca Mau city and in Sub-Project area

2.2 Socio-economic characteristics of Khmer group in sub-project region

III

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

IV

4.1

4.2

V

5.1

5.2

VI

VII

7.1

7.2

VIII

IX

9.1

9.2

9.3

x. 10.1

LEGAL FRAMEWORK TO ETHNIC MINORITY PEOPLE

National legal Framework

World Bank's Policy on Indigenous People

Policies ofCa Mau Province to Ethnic Minority People

Project principles to Ethnic Minority People

POTENTIAL AFFECTS OF THE PROJECT TO KHMER PEOPLE

Positive impacts of Project to the ethnic minority

Negative impacts and mitigation measures

METHOD TO ENSURE BENEFITCIARY FROM PROJECT TO KHMER PEOPLE

Mitigation measures

A framework for ensuring free, prior, and informed consultation with the affected Khmer communities during project implementation

GRIEVANCE AND COMPLAINT SETTLEMENT MECHANISM

ETHNIC MINORITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Support to mitigate adverse impacts

Building capacity of Khmer community

EMDP IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Monitoring principles

Internal monitoring

External monitoring

BUDGET AND FINANCE

Budget source

6

6

15

17

16

18

18

19

27

27

30

32

32

33

33

37

37

37

37

38

42

42

10.2 Cost Estimation 42

XI. EMDP DISCLOSURE

eo

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ABBREVIATION

CRC City Resettlement Committee

DMS Detail measurement survey ",

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

", EMDP Ethnic Minorities Development Plan

FS Feasibility Study

GOV Vietnamese government

IDA International Development Association

IP Indigenous People

LIA Low Income Area

PAHs Project Affected Households

PCs People's Committee

PMU Project Management Unit

RAP Resettlement Action Plan

RPF Resettlement Policy Framework

SA Social Assessment

TOR Terms of Reference

WB World Bank

Indigenous Peoples to

o.

Project impact

Displaced (affected) people

Vulnerable groups

Culturally appropriate

Consultation and Participation

Collective attachment

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Equivalent to Ethnic Minorities (EMs) in Viet Nam. To refer to a distinct, vulnerable, social and cultural group possessing the following characteristics in varying degrees: (i) self-identification as members of a distinct indigenous cultural group and recognition of this identify by others; (ii) collective attachment to geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territories in the project area and to the natural resources in these habitats and territories; (iii) customary cultural, social, economic, social or political institutions that are separate from those of the dominant society and culture; and (iv) an indigenous language, often different from the official language of the country or region.

Any consequence immediately related to the taking of a parcel of land or to restrictions in the use of legally designated parks or protected areas. People directly affected by land acquisition may lose their home, farmland, property, business, or other means of livelihood. In other words, they lose their ownership, occupancy, or use rights, because of land acquisition or restriction of access.

Individuals or businesses that are directly affected socially and economiCally by Bank-assisted investment project caused by the involuntary taking of land and other assets that results in: (i) relocation or loss of shelter; (ii) loss of assets or access to assets; or (iii) loss of income sources or means of livelihood, whether or not the affected persons must move to another location. The involuntary taking of land includes the exercise of possession when the proprietor has allowed and benefited from others' occupation of the area. In addition, displaced person is one for whom involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas that result in adverse impacts on livelihoods also; this category of displaced person would be unlikely in the urban area, however.

Distinct groups of people who might suffer disproportionately or face the risk of being further marginalized by the effects of resettlement and specifically include: (i) women headed household (widow, disabled husband with elderly or children), (ii) disable or the elderly alone, (iii) poor people (living below the state poverty threshold), (iv) the landless, and (v) ethnic minority groups.

Having regard for all facets of the cultures, and being sensitive to their dynamics.

Where the project affects EMs, the borrower engages in free, prior and informed consultation with EMs. The borrower ensures: a) an appropriate gender and intergenerational inclusive framework that provides opportunities for consultation at each stage of project preparation and implementation among the affected people; b) using appropriate method to the social and cultural values of the affected EM communities and their local conditions; and c) providing the affected EM communities with all relevant information about the project in a culturally appropriate manner at each stage of proj ect preparation and implementation.

For generations there has been a physical presence in and economic ties to lands and territories traditionally owned, or customarily used or occupied, by the group concerned, including

'.

areas that hold special significance for it, such as sacred sites. "Collective attachment" also refers to the attachment of transhumantlnomadic groups to the territory they use on a seasonal or cyclical basis.

Customary rights to lands and Patterns of long-standing community land and resource usage in resources accordance with Ethnic Minority Peoples' customary laws, values,

customs, and traditions, including seasonal or cyclical use, rather than formal legal title to land and resources issued by the State.

".

Introduction

This Ethnic Minority Development Plan (EMDP) was prepared to ensure that the project complies with the World Bank's Indigenous Peoples policy (OP4.1O) referred here as ethnic minorities (EMs), who are living in the project's low income selected areas. The objectives of the EMDP are to ensure that: (a) EMs affected by the project receive culturally appropriate social and economic benefits; and (b) when potential adverse effects on EMs are identified, those adverse effects are avoided, minimized, mitigated, and compensated.

The OP 4.10 confirms development projects, under distinct circumstances, could affect ethnic minorities (EMs) putting them at risk and causing irreversible cultural and socio-economic impacts. EMs as social groups with identities distinct from that of dominant society, frequently are among the most marginalized and vulnerable segments of the population. Economic, social, and legal status often limit their capacity to defend their rights to land, territories, and other productive resources, and restricts their ability to participate in and benefit from development interventions.

The EMDP was prepared based on the results of the social assessment (SA) carried out in the project. areas as well as free, prior and informed consultations in 18 low income areas of Ca Mau city. Consultations were conducted in order to ensure all the needs and concerns of EM communities are included in the project activities and confirm their support to the project. Th~ EMDP sets up a plan and activities that project executing agencies will implement during project implementation.

Vietnam IHekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 7

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Ca Mau is a grade 2 city that belongs to the Ca Mau province with an area of 250km2 and total population of214.377 people. As most small to medium-sized cities in Vietnam, in Ca Mau City low income areas (LIAs) are constrained by high-density population, inadequate infrastructure provision, poor hygienic conditions and frequent flooding. A demand for upgrading infrastructure was confinned in selected project's areas. Ca Mau City Upgrading Subproject is comprised of the following components: Component 1, Tertiary Infrastructure Upgrading in eighteen LIAs; Component 2, Supporting Primary and Secondary Infrastructure; Component 3, Resettlement Sites and on-site resettlement site in 11 LIAs; Component4, Implementation and Project Management;

The project will bring about pragmatic benefits for the city and 18 of its LIAs, including l38 households (HHs) that belong to the Khmer ethnic minority. However, the project also would cause adverse impact on 3,180 HHs including 48 Khmer tills when affecting their land and residential houses the relocation of 11 HHs. The project will not affect physical cultural structures, historical sites, nature and biodiversity reserves considered as collective attachment of the Khmer people. In addition,. quantitative data on people's land and assets will be updated at the time of project's measurement survey (DMS).

This EMDPwas prepared to provide with measures by which negative impacts to the ethnic minority people are mitigated and benefits are enhanced. The EMDP was based on the fmdings of the social assessment and results of free, prior and informed consultations with the affected Khmer people conducted in 18 low income areas (LIAs) in May 2011 by THlKECO's consultant. The social assessment defined the methods for consultations and the EMDP sets up the measures to: (a) minimize, mitigate, and compensate for potential adverse impacts on Khmer communities; (b) ensure that Khmer people receive social and economic benefits in a culturally appropriate manner and inclusive in both gender and intergenerational terms.

The free, prior and informed consultations conducted by social specialists included group discussions and in-depth interviews with households' heads and representatives of l38 Khmer HHs. Participants in LIAs I and 2 were invited to join group discussions in their resident areas, as well as Khmer fils' members living in the remaining LIAs of the project's selected areas. According to the results of social assessment, it was confirmed that Khmer people in the project area speak fluent Vietnamese. Therefore, group discussions were conducted in Vietnamese without any translator's support during the meetings, as it was not requested by the participant EMs.

The project's objectives and potential positive and negative impacts, mitigation measures, and compensation and resettlement entitlements were disclosed among and consulted with the participants. All representatives of Khmer households agreed and sllppolted the project by voting. They are aware that the project will improve their living conditions with investments such as drainage, flood, environment pollution. All 11 Khmer HHs that will be relocated confirmed their cultural preference for relocating in their current resident area, so as to ensure they maintain their relations with their neighbours and social networks. All participants suggested the construction of drainage systems not be carried out in their resident area during great festivals of Khmer people such as CMl Chanam Thmay, Buddha's Birthday, Don ta festivals .

A consultation process during project implementation was designed to ensure compliance with the Indigenolls People Policy (OP4.10) of the World Bank: ensuring (i) broad support project objectives from the EMs; (ii) provide EMs with the opportunity to identify their preferences and constraints, as relate to compensation, resettlement and livelihood restoration. The disseminatiDn of RPs among ethnic minorities will be done before project's appraisal. The approved RPs and ENIDPs will be summarized and delivered to the project communes and head of villages so that people can access and refer when they need.

The establishment of grievance redress mechanism the project and was informed to EMs. Therefore, all EMs' complaints or grievances related to involuntary resettlement or any other aspect of the project

Vie/tWill. Mekong Della Urhan Upgrading Projec/ 8

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intervention will be received and solved up timely and satisfactorily without any fee or payment by relevant agencies as stipulated in the Grievace Mechanisms

Regarding the institutional arrangements the Ca Mau City PMB in combination with the City Resettlement Committee (CRe) will be responsible for the overall EMDP implementation, including capacity building for EMs and the implementing agencies. The ethnic minorities affected were informed and agreed on the project's internal Monitoring and Evaluation mechanisms as well as on external monitoring by an agency recruited by the PMB for the independent monitoring and evaluation (see chapter 9) .

The total estimated budget for implementing the Ethnic Minority Development Plan is 528,000,000 VND, which includes costs for training workshop on home business, capacity building for Khmer people, and contingency (see chapter 10).

Vietnam.· Alekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 9

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background of the project

With the remarkable economic growth since 1990, Vietnam is urbanizing rapidly with yearly average increase of one million persons in urban areas. By 2020, it is estimated that, population in Vietnam will increase to 100 million persons. Of which 40% of the population will live in urban areas compared to the current urban popUlation of about 29%. The Government's Urban Development Strategy of 2000, updated in 2008, emphasizes the positive relationship between urbanization and economic development and the potential to further reduce overall poverty rates. The strategy has important poverty alleviation aspects (Vietnam entering the 21st century) and effective urban management can enhance the benefits of urbanization.

Despite great achievements in poverty reduction and strong economic growth, intra-urban inequality is still evident in the poor living conditions and lack of access to basic services such as housing, land tenure, drainage and sanitation and overcrowding in some pockets, etc. Low-income areas within cities are characterized by high population density and lack of, or poorly maintained infrastructure and social services. The quality of housing is usually low; many houses are settled around lakes and canals and have limited access to water supply, and sewerage connections are not available. Flooding occurs frequently due to inadequate drainage. Poor sanitation often results from the direct discharge of waste into nearby drains, canals, rivers or lakes without treatment, which is posing environmental and health risks. Together with urbanization, inflow of people from rural to urban areas causes housing encroachment and illegal settlement. Higher population density inevitably puts additional pressures on these areas that are already destitute of adequate infrastructure and services.

In 2007, Ministry of Construction (MoC) prepared the National Urban' Upgrading Strategy and Overall Investment Plan for Urban Upgrading to 2020 (NUUP), which is based on lessons learn from Vietnam Urban Upgrading Project in four cities (Ho Chi Minh, Can Tho, Hai Phong, and Nam Dinh). This Strategy has been approved by the Prime Minister in June 2009. Overall investments in basic infrastructure needs to the year 2020 were estimated to be more than US$ 11 billions. According to this approved Strategy, Government of Vietnam seeks support from World Bank to implement the National Urban Upgrading Program. Mekong River Delta Region is supported in the Project taking into consideration that this region has the highest demand for infrastructure upgrading in low-income areas and a critical need for investments in drainage and wastewater collection. Based on the demand for infrastructure upgrading in low income areas, Mekong River Delta Region is proposed as key area in Vietnam National Urban Upgrading Program. Six (06) cities were selected in this Project, including CAn Tha, My Tho, Tri Vinh, Cit Mau, Rach Giii and Cao Uinh.

The project aims to improve the living conditions and infrastructure services in low-income areas in six cities in the Mekong Delta Region: to improve urban management and planning capacity of those cities' agencies; and to support National Urban Upgrading Program through a list of urban upgrading projects based on the National Urban Upgrading Strategy and Overall Investment Plan for Urban Upgrading to 2020.

1.2. Ca Mau City Upgrading Subproject

1. Ca Mau is a grade 2 city belonging to Ca Mau province with total area of 250km2 and popUlation of 214,377 people.

2. Like most small to medium-sized cities in Vietnam, income areas in Ca Mau city are constrained by high-density population, inadequate infrastructure, poor hygienic condition and frequent flooding.

Therefore a need for upgrading infrastructure and social conditions in low income areas of the Ca Mau City and thus included as part of Upgrading SUbproject including 4 components:

Component 1: Upgrading tertiary infrastructure in 18 LIAs (alley roads, water supply and drainage, lighting, garbage and solid waste collection and environmental hygiene), improving social infrastructure services (schools, places for community activities, market, cultural and sport houses).

Component 2: Upgrading related primary and secondary infrastructure as a basis for connection to tertiary infrastructure: newly constructing road on Tinh Doi canal - main access to LIA No.9 and

Vietnam: Mekong Delta Urbal/ Upgrading Project 10

residential areas in ward 8; newly constructing the extended Hai Thuong Lan Ong road; improving embankments and constructing roads along river, installing sewers, planting tree, landscaping along the embankment of river and channels (LIAs 9,12,17,18);

Component 3: Constructing resettlement sites in LIAs 1,2,3,4,8,9, 10,11, 12, 14, and 16;

Component 4: Assist housing and land management work (investment in equipment and software, technical assistance, training and capability enhancement for authorised units in charge of management and grant of building ownership and land use right certificates for households).

1.3 Objectives of EMDP

The social assessment conducted in project areas by a consultant of THIKECO in May 2011 shows that there are Khmer people, Kinh people (dominant ethnic group) and Chinese people living in 18 project selected LIAs. Chinese people are not considered as EMs under OP 4.10 and are not part of vulnerable groups in the project area. Chinese people have similar economic profiles with Kinh people and speak both Vietnamese and their own languages.

According to the Indigenous People Policy (OP 4:10) of the World Bank, the project affects EMs, so an EMDP is required aiming to: a) minimize and mitigate project impact on the livelihoods of EMs in the project area and; b) ensure that the development process fosters full respect for the dignity, human rights and cultural uniqueness of ethnic minorities in the project affected area, and takes into account their development needs and aspirations. Specifically, the EMDP aims to:

(i) define· mitigation measures to minimize negative impacts among ethnic minority communities, and maximize benefits of the project by selecting the most suitable design alternative;

(ii) prepare, the analysis of the EMs legal and policy framework concerning EMs, the budget and implementation plan to effectively carry out targeted activities for affected EMs.

(iii) Provide the results of free, prior and informed consultation and define an active participation framework for project implementation; and

(iv) ensure that local EMs are involved in the process of project design and implementation so that EM peoples receive social and economic benefits in a culturally appropriate manner and inclusive in both gender and intergenerational terms, and broad community support for the project.

(v) define the monitoring and evaluation for the project.

Vielnam: Mekong Della Urban Upgrading Projeci 11

"..

II. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KHMER PEOPLE IN THE PROJECT AREA

A social assessment was conducted in May 2011 by THIKECO consultant in the subproject areas. The following parts will present key findings of socio-economic characteristics of Khmer people and their expectations of compensation and resettlement.

2.1. Ethnic minority commnunities in Ca Mau city and in the Sub-Project area

According population statistics, Kinh people accounts for 95% of city population, ethnic minority people (including 07 groups) accounts for 5%, of which Hoa people accounts for 3.75%, Khmer people accounts for 1.32% and the rest accounts for 0.06%. Hoa people mainly resides in ward 2, inner city wards and T!c Van communes. Khmer people lives mainly in ward 1, nearby the Monivongsa pagoda. Khmer people are considered as ethnic group having their distinct communities, own religion Thervada Buddism, and language (source: population census 2009). Ca Mau City Upgrading Subproject will be implemented in 18 LIAs, where 138 Khmer households (713 persons) are living (mainly in LIAI and LlA2) together with Kinh people.

2.2. Socio-economic characteristics of Khmer group in the Ca Mau sub-project region

2.2.1. Population characteristics and habitation situaiion

In the 18 project's selected LIAs ofCa Mau city, Khmer people reside mainly around the Monivongsa pagoda. Total Khmer households in 18 LIAs are 138 with 713 persons (accounting for 2.9% of total population of 18 LIAs). Male and female proportion is 46.1% and 53.9%, respectively. Average Khmer household size is 5.2 personslhousehold, largest size comparing to other groups (average size of 4.1 persons/household). Among the 138 Khmer households in the region, there are 41 female­headed households.

Habitation status. Most Khmer households reside in the subproject region before December 18, 1980 accounting for 48.5% of total Khmer population in the region, from December 18, 1980 to October 15, 1993 accounting for 34.1%, and from October 15, 1993 is only 17%.

2.2.2. Economic characteristics of Khmer people in the subproject region

The Khmer traditions in wet rice cultivation are ancestral. Animal husbandry, weaving, pottery and sugar making from the "Thot Not" Trees are other forms local income generating activities. In Ca Mau city, Khmer perform un-skilled jobs and small commerce and trading. According to the social assessment (SA) results conducted by THlKECO consultant in May 2011, main income of Khmer households in the selected 18 LIAs come from unskilled jobs such as porters, motobike drivers' services, hairdressers, and tailoring (59.2% of total people in working age); this is followed by small business (accounting for 20.5%); government officials (4.1%). The jobless percentage in Khmer group is rather high (13% of total people in working age). Average income per capita per month of Khmer people is 934,000 VND/pcrson, lower than that of other non-EM groups in LIAs (1,238,000 VNO/person). Poor households among Khmer group accounts for 16.7% (23 poor households, of which 9 are female-headed households).

2.2.3. Situation of land use right

According to the SA results, only 34 Khmer households (24.6%) have their land use right certificates (LURCs), 104 out of 138 households (75.4%) use land without LURC. Khmer households that lack the required documentation for the official land use certification, are entitled to full compensation.

2.2.4. Situation electricity and clean water provision

According to the SA data, 117 out of 138 Khmer households in LIAs are electricity users from City Electricity Department (84.8%), 18 households (13%) are using the service from neighbors and 3 households (2.2%) do not have electricity. Regarding clean water provision 110 households (79.7%) have access directly supplied from water supply and drainage company, 21 households (15.2%) use water from neighbor households, and 7 households have no access to clean water and use water from canals (5.1%).

Viet nom. Afekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 12

2.2.5 Culture, customs and traditions identities

Language: Khmer's own language is spoken mainly among families and community members. The Khmer have preserved their own language and writing whieh is taught at the Khmer pagodas and pass onto new generations mainly orally.

Culture and ancestral traditions. Khmer people mainly practice Brahmanism and Rinayana Buddhism. A Khmer pagoda is a meeting place for cultural activities and practices. Before reaching adulthood, young Khmer people often attend pagodas to study and improve their ancestral knowledge. In rural area, Khmer people share mixed multiethnic settlements with the Kinh and Roa in so-called "soc" (villages), and "phum" or "ap" (hamlets). Their houses are built with local materials thatched or tiled roofs. In the city Khmer people live in wards together with Kinh people. Major Khmer festivals include, "Chon Cho Nam Tho May" (New Year Festival), Buddha's Birthday, "Don Ta" (Forgive the Crimes of the Dead), and "Ooe Om Bok" (Moon Worship). During these large festivals and celebrations some Khmer elders wear their traditional clothes. Men wear white loose-fitting blouses, black trousers (or black blouses) and scarves in their head. Women wear xam p6t hOI, a cloth r~ge creating a sort of short and wide pants.

2.2.6 Gender and Social practices

Gender-based exclusion is not evident among the Khmer, families decision-making (for example buying valuables, marriage of offspring, donation to pagoda,) are made with mutual consent of both husband and wife. Family property ownership is shared by both spouses and common assets obtained during marriage shall be owned by both of them. Gender discrimination practices are not evident, and within families kin and in laws are treated with equity and inherit equally. Often parents live with the last borned child regardless of being male or female, who commonly are the heirs of the parents assets. Divorce percentage among Khmer is low due to Buddhist religious practices

The rate of Khmer people involved with local administrative positions due in part to their low schooling rates. Nearly 5 out of 483 Khmer are engaged with local official administrative organizations (taking 1.04% of total number of persons under working age), of which 2 are Khmer females working at the office of ward people's committee, 1 female as official in ethnic department of Ca Mau city and 2 males working at the office of the ward people's committee.

Vietnam: Mekong Della Urban Upgrading Project 13

III. LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ETHNIC MINORITY PEOPLE

3.1~ National Legal Framework

All ethnic groups in Vietnam enjoy full citizenship under the law and national constitution. The Constitution of Vietnam (1992, amended 2001) acknowledges equality among ethnic groups and includes general principles as stipulated in Articles 5, 30, 36 and 39 of the Constitution:

a. Vietnam is a united nation of all ethnic groups living within the country.

b. The State applies a policy of equality, solidarity and mutual support among the various ethnic communities and prohibits all acts of ethnic discrimination and division.

c. All ethnic groups have the right to use their own languages and writing systems and to preserve their traditional customs and culture.

d. The State implements policies of all-round development aimed at gradually improving and raising the material and spiritual conditions of life of ethnic minorities.

e. The State will take charge of and will ensure the promotion of the cultural values of all the nationalities in Vietnam.

f. The State gives priority for development of education and health care to mountain inhabitants and ethnic minorities.

Policies The Government of Vietnam has passed a series of policy .resolutions related to ethnic minority development, particularly in remote mountainous areas. One of the most relevant of these is Decision No. 13412004/QD-TTg (referred to as "Program 134") of the Prime Minister, dated on 20 July 2004, which includes a number of policies to provide support in tenns of land for agricultural production, residential land, dwelling houses and clean water for daily-life to poor ethnic minority households meeting with difficulties.

Participation/Grassroots Democracy' Regulations from the Government relating to grassroots democracy and public participation are also relevant to this EMDP. Ordinance No.34/2007IPL­UBTVQHll, dated on 20 April, 2007 (superseding Decree No.79/2003/ND-CP of7 July 2003) on the implementation of democracy in communes, ward and township levels, provides the basis in Viet Nam for community participation in the preparation of development plans and their supervision. Prime Minister's Decision No. SO/2005/QD-TTg, dated on IS April 2005, promulgates regulations on investment supervision by the community.

The adaptation of economic and social policies to each region and each group, taking the needs of ethnic minorities into account, is a requirement. The Socio-Economic Development Plan and Socio­Economic Development Strategy of Vietnam specifically call for attention to ethnic minorities. Major programs targeting ethnic minority people include Program 135 (socioeconomic development for extremcly poor communcs in ethnic minority and mountainous areas, Phase 1 &2) and Program 134 (support of productive land, residential land, housing and clean water for poor ethnic minorities and hard life). A policy on education and health care for ethnic minorities is in place. AlilegaJ documents relate to EMs as follows:

• Constitution of Socialist Republic of Vietnam, April 15th, 1992.

• Resolution No.22INQ-TW of 11 November 2003 of the Party's Politburo on a number of policies for the economic-social development in the mountainous communes.

• Resolution of the IX session Party Central Committee's No 24/-NQITW dated on 12, March, 2003 on ethnic minorities activities.

• Decree No. 60/200SIND-CP of Government dated May 9th, 200S on functions, tasks, rights and organization of Commitees for Ethnic Minorities.

• Resolution of National Assembly dated on July 7th, 2003 on Regulation for Commitees for Ethnic Minority Commitee.

Vie/flam: Mekong Della Urban Upgrading Project 14

• .

• Decision No. 13412004/QD-TTg of the Prime Minister, dated on 20 July 2004, on a number of policies to provide support to poor ethnic minorities (supporting residential land, productive land and clean water for poor ethnic people with difficult living conditions).

• Decision 170/20051QD-TTg dated December 25,2005 by Prime Minister issuing criteria of a poor household in 2006-2010 .

• Decision 32/2007/QD-TTg dated on March 5, 2007 by Prime Minister on giving capitals to disadvantageous ethnic minority households to promote production.

• Decision No. 33/2007/QD-TTg dated on March 5, 2007 by Prime Minister on Policies to Support Relocation of Ethnic Minority Inhabitants for Sedentary Farming and Settlement in the 2007 -2010 period.

• Decision 112/2007/QD-TTg dated 20th July, 2007 by the Prime Minister on the policy supporting services to improve the people's life, and legal support to increase the legal awareness under the program 135 phase II.

• Comprehensive Poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy of Vietnam.

• Program 135 on infrastructure investment for poverty and remote area.

• Policy on education and health care for ethnic minorities.

• Decision No.05/2007/QD-UBDT dated on September 6, 2007 by Committee for Ethnic Minority recognizing communes of three ethnic minority and mountainous regions based on development status.

• Decision No. 06/2007/QD-UBDT dated January 12, 2007 of Committee for Ethnic Minority on the strategy of media for the Program 135-phase 2.

• Circular No. 06/2007ITT-UBDT dated on September 20th, 2007 of Committee for Ethnic

Minority guidance on the assistance for services, improved livelihood of people, technical assistance for improving the knowledge on the laws according the Decision 112/2007/QD­TTg.

• Directive No.393-TTg of 10 June 1996 of the Prime Minister on population planning, improvement of infrastructure and production restructuring in the regions of ethnic minorities and mountainous regions.

• Directive No.68-CT/TW dated on April 18, 1991 of Party Secretaries Board on activities in Khmer people area.

• Inter-ministerial Circular No. 50-TTILB in 1995 by Ministry of Finance and Committee for Ethnic Minority on guidance on management, distribution and utilization of support funds for ethnic minorities and Khmer peoples with extreme difficulty living conditions.

• Decision No.267 12005/QD-TTg of Prime Minister on October 31, 2005 on job-training policies towards boarding schools ethnic minority pupils.

• Directive No.03/2002/CT-BTC dated on September 6, 2002 by Minister of Finance enhancing the work of building, training and fostering the contingent of fmancial officials for communes, wards and townships. In this Directive, Khmer people officials are concentrated specially.

• Directive NO.04/2003/CT-BTC dated on March, 19, 2003 by Minister of Finance strengthening financial officials as Khmer and Cham peoples communes, wards and townships in the south-west province.

• Decision No. 74/2008/QD-TTg by Prime Minister of June 9, 2008, on a number of support policies on allocation of residential land and production land and creation of jobs for poor ethnic minority people with difficult living conditions in the mekong river delta during 2008-2010

• Decision No. 965/QD-TTg July 21, 2008 by the Prime Minister on amending and supplementing the Decision No.289IQD-TTg by the Prime Minister regarding issuance of

Vietnam.' Mekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 15

policies to support ethnic minority groups, poor and nearly poor people and fishermen; Decision 602/QD-TTg dated May 22, 2008 regarding amendment and supplementation of Decision 201lQD-TTg dated February 19, 2008 and Decision No.289/QD-TTg dated March 18,2008.

• Decision No.102/2009/QD-TTg by Prime Minister dated on August 7, 2009 on direct assistance for the poor in disadvantage area.

• Correspondence No. 10/KH-UBND dated February 25th, 2010 by Ca Mau Provincial People' Committee on implementation plan for distribution of support finance for housing land, production land and creation of job for poor ethnic minorities with difficult living conditions in 2010 in Ca Mau province.

• Correspondence No.1S/KH-UBND dated June 3rd, 2010 by Ca Mau Provincial People' Committee on implementation plan for Program 135 Phase 2 in 2010.

• Correspondence No.19/KH-UBND dated July 19th, 2010 by Ca Mau Provincial People' Committee on implementation plan for direct assistance policy for poor households in difficult living conditions area in 2010.

In 1995, CEMA developed a framework for External Assistance for the Development of Ethnic Minorities. This framework resulted in a strategy for the development of ethnic minority people within the Government's goal of stability, sustainable growth and reduction of poverty. The key points of this framework are: a) to fight against poverty; b) to encourage active participation of the populations of ethnic minorities in their own development; c) to reinforce the institutions involving ethnic minorities; d) to develop natural and human resources in a sustainable manner; and e )toensure mutual respect .. between, and increase responsibility of the parties involved. Decree No.601200SJND-CP the Prime Minister, dated on 9 May 2008, prescribes the functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the Committee for Ethnic Minority Affairs (CEMA). This ministerial level agency under the Government performs its functions of state management on nationwide ethnic minority affairs, and on public services within its authorities, and provincial departments. Provinces with a significant ethnic minority population have a Department of Ethnic Minority Affairs under the Provincial People's Committee. The functions of CEMA ranges from development of laws to implementation of the programs, their monitoring and acting as inter-agency of different ministries of Vietnam and cooperating with international organizations within its authorities regulated by law.

Vietnam Policies applied to Khmer peoples

Directive of Party Secriatery Board No. 68-CTITW dated on April IS, 1991 on activities in Khmer people living area: "Khmer nation is unscperate part of the community of 54 nationalities living on the territory of Vietnam. The State carries out a policy of equality, solidarity and mutual assistance among all nationalities, and forbids all acts of national discrimination and division. This is stated clearly in Constitution of Vietnam and is respected in the fact".

The State of Vietnam is interested and supports favour conditions to improve living conditions of all ethnic minorites, including Khmer people, al1 are treated equally. According to Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2008, local government created new 358 thousand jobs for Khmer peoples (increase about 1.2% comparing to year 2007). 4,000 Khmer persons worked in overseas as labor export with GDP per capita is about 14.8 mil. VND (equipvalent to 890 USD), number of poor households reduced, abollt 11.2% (reduced more than 1.6% comparing to year 2007).

3.2. Policies of Ca Mau Province and programs for Ethnic Minority People.

To carry out Government policies on ethnic minorities such as Programs 134, 135, Ca Mau Provincial People's Committee (PPC) issued the following Decisions: (i) Decision No. 10/KH-UBND dated February 25th, 2010 by Ca Mall PPC on implementation plan for distribution of Sllpport finance for residential land, productive land and job creation for poor ethnic minorities with difficult living conditions (2010); (ii) Decision No.18/KH-UBND dated June 3rd, 2010 by Ca Mall PPC on implementation plan for Program 135 Phase 2 (2010); (iii) Decision No.191KH-UBND dated July 19th, 2010 by Ca Mau PPC on implementation plan for direct assistance policy for poor households in

Viemam: t\,Iekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 16

. .

difficult living conditions area (2010); (iv) Ca Mau City television program in Khmer language and weekly newpaper in Khmer language.

During period 2006-2010, Ca Mau PPC has achieved significant outcomes of assistance for EM people in the province as follows: assisted 500 households with cash for productions of crops, livestock, food for livestock, poultry and shrimp; from Program 135, about VND 2,640 mil. were provided for other production projects; VND 16,110 mil. provided for infrastructure investment in communes belonging to Program 135; VND 238,800 mil provided for trainning, capacity building for 441 officials in communes belonging to Program 135; regular assistance to elderly people over 80 years old with allowance amount of 180,000 VND/month; and under Program 134, 53 houses were built for Khmer households living in LIAs.

3.3. World Bank's Operational Policy on Indigenous Peoples (OP/4.10)

The WB's OP4.10 ensures Indigenous Peoples (hereby ethnic minorities) do not suffer adverse effects during the project's development process and receive culturally compatible social and economic benefits. The strategy for addressing the issues pertaining to indigenous peoples must be based on the informed participation and EMs themselves through direct consultation.

Indigenous peoples are commonly among the poorest segments of a popUlation. All projects proposed for World Bank financing affecting Indigenous Peoples are required

./ Screening to identify whether ethnic minorities are present in, or have collective attachment to, the project area;

./ If, based on the screening, and once confirmed that EMs are present in, or have collective attachment in the project area, a social assessment shall be undertaken to evaluate the project's potential positive and adverse effects on the. ethnic minotities, and to examine_and modify project design to mitigate the potential adverse effects and optimize the positive effects of the project;

./ A process of free, prior and informed consultation with the effected people ethnic minority communities in order to full identify their views and to ascertain whether there is broad community support for the project;

./ If the free, prior and infonned consultation concludes that ethnic minority communities broadly support the project, EMDP will be prepared in, and consultation with the communities, outlining the benefits that they will receive from the project and how any adverse impacts have been minimized or mitigated;

./ Disclosure ofthe EMDP to EMs people.

To ensure that EM groups are included in the development process the policy requires preparation of an Ethnic Minority Development Plan.

3.4. Project principles for Khmer people

The basic ethnic minority development principles of the project are:

Khmer people are encouraged, and arrangements put in place to ensure their participation in project's activities that affect orl and benefit them.

The project will ensure to support culturally appropriate activities, including taking into account their language, livelihood practice, customs and traditions.

Regarding involuntary resettlement: adverse impacts on Khmer communities will be avoided or minimized by exploring all viable options such as constructing drainage system in the bed of existing roads or walkways; affected Khmer households are entitled to full compensation for losses or affected assets, income and business activities based on replacement price, and proper livelihood restoration measures will be provided to SllPPOlt them to improve or at least maintain their living standard, income and production ability as the same level before the project implementation; the lack of legal right to landholdings

Vietnam.' kfdong Delta Urhan Upgrading Project 17

and/or resources (including traditional hunting, fishing and community natural resources) will not affect their right for getting full compensation and assistance. In the subproject, all affected Khmer households without legal use rights certificates (LURes) will be entitled to full compensation for their affected land, residences and lost assets. Khmer households will be relocated within their original resident area or preference so as to ensure they maintain their culture and social cohesion and institutions; implementation schedule and budget for EMDP planning and implementation must be incorporated into each subproject and the overall project; additional to compensation for land and lost assets, households with female headed, households with disabled and old persons will be provided with special allowances to help them restore their livelihoods and income.

Vietnam: Mekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 18

t

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IV. POTENTIAL PROJECT IMP ACTS ON KHMER PEOPLE 4.1 Project positive impacts on the Khmer people

Four components of the project will bring benefits to local people in general and Khmer people in particular. The project will improve living conditions for low income people in terms of transportation, environment and sanitation, water supply, school, market, housing, and security. Positive impacts of project components on local people are summarized in below table:

Table 4.1. Project positive impacts on the Khmer people

No Positive affects Description of impacts Number of Action to enhance positive beneficiaries affects

1 Improved living Upgrade tertiary infrastructure in Component I and Active subproject design and conditions LIAs will improve living 2 have direct implementation with Khmer

conditions of Khmer people. positive impacts on community participation Concretely: (I) wastewater shall be 138 Khmer including full consultations treated (2) flooding shall be reduced households (713 and their proposals considerably, environment and persons) incorporated into the health shall be improved remarkably implementation plans. Civil. (3) lighting system shall be provided works of components 1 and 2, at alleys will provide prior opportunity

to Khmer labourers in LIAs, for them to implement civil works and other services provision for the Subprojects.

2 Increased awareness Through community consultation, For all Khmer in Subprojects at design stage on the role of and participation Khmer people the LIAs consulted with Khmer people Khmer EM to shall provide suggestions and as to help Khmer people design activities for recommendations for project design strengthen their awareness, the living conditions and implementation of Subproject participation and key role on improvement, and for ensuring projects sustainability urban upgrading. contributions with manpower and materials

3 Cultural choices and Component I will support for For Khmer Office of Khmer art group and preferences of improving office of Khmer art communities in the the fence of graveyard in Khmer peoples group of Ca Mau province and city (713 persons) pagodas upgraded following respected and fence grave areas in Buddhist recommendations and supported Pagodas. proposals posed during

consultations.

4 Jobs opportunities During construction of civil works, F or all Khmer Defined procedure s agree d for Khmer peoples contractors are required to labourers in project with Khmer people ensured prioritizcd prioritize local Khmer peoples areas they benefit of temporary

offering jobs opportunities jobs' opportunities during the project cycle

5 Skilled Khmer Consultation and participation in For all Khmer Opportunities for Khmer people supported project design and implementation people (713 people to participate in

will create skills for group working persons) in LIAs subproject design and implementation processes .are supported and making part of participatory defined plans

6 Khmer people's Alleys are widened, transportation All Khmer Khmer people's awareness on security and assets condition improved (so that communities (713 the risk of public land protected and better ambulance and fire truck can access persons) encroachment in roads, secured to residential areas). walkways and allies

enhanced through capacity building.

7 Living conditions Khmer people are provided with 18 households Capacity building on the use and health of Khmer cleaned and treated water, using electricity of of services provided and people improved electricity and drainage supplies others and 3 improved by the project

ensuring both adequate tariffs, and households are not an improved service quality used electricity. 21

households using water from other

Vietnam: AIekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 19

'.

No Positive affects Description of impacts Number of Action to enhance positive beneficiaries affects

households and 7 households do not have fresh water

8 Security conditions Public lighting system constructed All Khmer Capacity building on public of Khmer people by the subproject helps Khmer communities in energy and road safety improved people travel conveniently and LIAs (713 persons) provided

safely at night.

9 Traffic system inside According to the sub-project design, 138 Khmer Capacity building on each LIA improved, small alleys in LIAs will be widen households (713 improved environment environment and rose up level to get better traffic persons). pollution and its sustainability pollution reduced conditions for local people. When provided, along with road and land value infrastructure of LIAs is upgraded, safety increased the land price at LIAs will increase

accordingly -

4.2. Negative impacts and mitigation measures

Undoubtedly, the project brings significant benefits to local people including Khmer EMs. However, it also involves negative impacts as a result of land acquisition, that could be affecting livelihoods and incomes. The identified negative impacts of project's components on Khmer people and mitigation measures are summarized in table below:

Table 4.2. Negative impacts anti mitigation measures

No. Negative affects Description of impacts Numtier of PAPs- Mitigation measures -of negative impacts

1 Livelihoods activities In order to upgrade tertiary 48 Khmer During project design measures to and income of Khmer and secondary technical households are minimise and mitigate land people are affected due infrastructure, requires land affected, of which acquisition included: social to land acquisition adquision affecting Khmer 11 households assessment survey ,free, prior and

peoples livelihoods and have to be infonned consultations with Khmer income relocated. people. These provided

participation on project's desicion making for Khmers contribution to project desing and desicion -making about confirmed project support

2 Relocation impacts on Some Khmer households 11 Khmer Alternative designs made to reduce Khmer people losing their residential land households have to relocation such as upgrading

and houses are relocated. relocate. existing canals and drainage, The main occupation of constructing civil works on public Khmer people is small land. trading and simple work near

Resettlement for Khmer households their resident area, therefore, respond ed to their demands and relocation would affect their

income, or could cause jobs cultural preferences and arranged

loss. relocation at the same LIA to minimize impacts in their cultural practices are provided

3 Residential land of According to Subproject 48 Khmer Land-for -land and or cash some Khmer design, 48 Khmer households will be compensation options for acquired households are affected households will be partly affected,ofwhich land at full replacement cost and

affected their residential land 11 HHs are to be assistance for rehabilitation of the relocated living conditions for the affected

Khmer households, according to cultrual preferences provided

4 Khmer families with During construction and It is estimated Relevant construction measures small business at home upgrading ofteriatery about 5% Khmer taken into account to shorten period affected tempora rely infrastructureome Khmer households shall of impact on those Khmer

business activities. shall be be temporarily households' business,; temporarily affected affected their compensation for income lost during

business and trade business activities provided

Vietnam.· Mekong Della Urban Upgrading Project 20

, ,

'.

5 Ground floor of some According to the design of households living along alleys which have been both sides of alleys supported by most of being upgraded are households, the level of alley lower that alleys' roads shall be raised in surface. accordance with city

standard, therefore some households living along both sides of alleys whose ground floor is low may be flooded during heavy rain.

6 Local transportation is Construction process at LIAs impacted druing shall affect the traffic of construction. local people, eapecially

pupils going to school every day.

7 HIV I AIDs, drug use, During construction time, many infetious diseases, workers come and stay in LIAs, environmental social evils as mentioned may pollution, violance , happen and affect order and increased due to security of local people. increased number of people during construction

Vietnam: Alekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project

activities

It is estimated that Credit funds to upgrade houses for about 20% of Khmer people as, part of livelihood Khmer households rehabilitation measures will be shall be flooded provided during heavy rain because of raising level of roads

All people living Construction plan for a quick and in LIAs, including tidy intevention and minimized 138 Khmer impacts. Construction time carried households out during less traffic hours.

Implementation of proposed_ environmental management plan. Construction prevented near Monivongsa pagoda during festivals.

Safety signals boards for danger at construction revention and temporary fence at construction holes prevent casualities and accidents reinforced with capacity building.

Khmer young . Strengthened awareness of males and females contractors and workers and Khmer

people about risks of social evils and measures to protection and prepareness through capacity building .. Close monitoring of environmental management plan during construction.

21

V. METHOD TO ENSURE BENEFITS FROM PROJECT TO KHMER PEOPLE 5.1. Mitigation measures.

Ca Mau City Upgrading Subproject will cause negative impacts on households due to land acquisition for Components 1 and 2. Therefore, mitigation measures at the stage of project design included: (i) to look at technical design alternatives to minimise and mitigate negative impacts and where unavoidable impacts were confirmed, a proper compensation considered for land, structure, and income losses proposed; (ii) free, prior and infonned consultations with Khmer communities on a drafted resettlement plan were carried out and will continue during project implementation; (iii) based On consultations resettlement sites selected for relocated household were considered as to enSure response to the affected preferences and have the least impact to their livelihoods and income generating activites. Two options of resettlement sites were provided for relocated households, resettlement sites which will be constructed in LIAs by the project and self-relocation in other prefered places; (iv) before submision of the compensation plan to the authorized agency for approval, it will be disclosed to affected households through public meetings. The approved compensation plans will be disclosed to affected households through public meetings and providing written infonnation in public areas; (v) during construction, a method to minimize and address adverse impacts On business and traffic of Khmer people will be developed. Labor safety measures will be issued and closely monitored to minimize accidents.

5.2 Free, prior, and informed consultation with the affected Khmer communities during project implementation.

5.2.1 Objectives

Consultation aim at addressing concerns, incorporate suggestions and recommendations·· and minimize impacts among the project affected people and integrate local stakeholders' opinions for. project planning and implementation. The participatory approach encouraged Khmer people on project decision-making during project design, and will continue to do so ensuring a sound project implementation

5.2.2 Summary of consultation results with Khmer communities during project preparation

During the project preparation process, consultation with key stakeholders were carried out. Therefore meetings with the monks of the MoNiVongSa pagodas and 2 group discussions with Khmer households living in LIAs I and 2 where most Khmer households are living were conducted by the Project Preparation Council and consultants. For Khmer living in the other LIAs, the consultant visited their houses. In meetings and group discusions, project information, project design, measures of impact mitigation, compensation and resettlement entitlements of affected people were discused with Khmer people in Vietnamese because Khmer people can speak Vietnamese. The results of consultations are sllmmaried as follows:

138 consulted Khmer people agreed and broardly supported the Project because they confinned that the project will improve their living conditions.

- All 11 relocated households expected to resettle within their LIAs so that they can maintain their cultual social practices, and avoiding to affect their income activities and business.

- All consultated Khmer households wished to borrow a loan with low interest and installment payment within 5 years for improving their houses because their ground floor is lower than road surface level. This loan fund will be included in existing credit progams in project communes.

- All participants suggested that during Khmer's great festivals such as Chol Chanam Thmay, Buddha's Birthday, Don ta festival the construction should be temporarily stopped so that their festivals and celebrations won't be affected, since there are many games and competitions organized during these events.

5.2.3 Consultation and Participation strategy during project implementation

Consultation and participation should be conducted throughout the implementation process of the project with different stakeholders, including Khmer people. A strategy of consultation with and participation of different stakeholders is established:

Vietnam. Afekol1g Delta Urban Upgrading 22

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c::> Conducting group discussions with representatives of commune/ward authorities, persons in charge of land management, and PMB staff to discuss on land acquisition of and resettlement for Khmer people.

c::> Consulting with representatives of all Khmer households living in LIAs on compensation plans and relocation measures .

c::> Meeting with Head of monks in Khmer Monivongsa pagodas in project area to consult them about land acquisition, resettlement and restoration of livelihoods and incomes of Khmer people.

c::> Meeting with representatives of social organizations such as Ward/Commune Women Union, Youth Union, etc. to discuss on their role and responsibility in supporting Khmer people to rehabilitation of their lives after resettlement.

Specific action plan:

• During process of fmal design and construction for civil works, Khmer communities, head of monks qf pagoda will have additional consultation and ensuring to provide information thoughout the entire project cycle. .

• For all the resettlement activities, traditions and cultural preferences, customs and lifestyle of Khmer people and Khmer households will be follow. Joint decision making will be ensured to identify any potential impacts or vulnerabilities during project

. implementation.

• HHs relocation activities will avoid any disruption to their cultural and customary social relations,

• Provide opportunity for all Khmer affected households to be involved in the desicion making process about inventory of their land and assets losses and ensured their representives of social associations witness and acceptance.

• Representatives of Khmer afected households participated and involved in replacement cost survey.

• Khmer afected households participate in the preparation of livelihood restoration measures and programs.Income restoration activites witt be provided as to ensure long term income generation culturally appropiated

• The Khmer people monitor the process of project implementation. Guidance and capacity building will be provided to ensure participatory monitoring

Vietnam: /v[ekong Delta Urhan Upgrading Project 23

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VI. GRIEVANCE AND COMPLAINT SETTLEMENT MECHANISM

During project implementation, EMs and other local communities and stakeholders may raise their grievance to executing agencies or local authorities about issues related to resettlement, entitlements for compensation as well as project implementation. A grievance redress mechanism for the project will ensure full access to Khmer. In a culturally appropiated manner. Key principles of the grievance mechanism must ensure that: (i) the basic rights and interests of affected EM peoples are protected; (ii) EM Peoples have the rights to lodge grievances and get their grievances settled for free of charge; (iii) the grievance procedure will be an important part of the conflict resolution that a community-based mechanism, involves EMs and representatives of other vulnerable groups.

The grievance mechanism must be publicly disclosed to the Khmer affected communities during public consultations throughout the project implementation process. Khmer people should be informed about contact addresses of the respective organizations at relevant levels where complainants and grievances are to be sent Grievances related to any aspect of the Project will be handled aim~d at achieving consensus and facilitating translators to their own lanaguage when needed.

Grievance Redress Mechanism

The grievance mechanism will resolve complaints, including those of EM Peoples and will pass through 3 stages before they could be elevated to a court of law, as the last resort. For this project, an independent Grievance Redress Panel (GRP) is also required to be established to solve PAPs' complaints. This GRP will include 01 deputy chairman of the Peoples' Committee of the City, 01 person from the PMU, 01 person from Fatherland Front Committee.ofthe City, 01 person from the Natural Resource and Environment Department of the City, 01 representative of local lawyer association/lawyer office, 01 chairman of the ward having grievance (this position will not be fixed, only chairman of the ward having grievance will be involved in the Grievance Redress Panel) and 03 representatives of the community having grievance (these three positions will not be fixed either, depending on the area having grievance).

First stage, at Commune People's Committee. An aggrieved affected household may bring hislher complaint before the receiving department of the Commune People's Committee to be received and guided for necessary procedures. The CPC will meet personally with the aggrieved affected household together with Monks of Khmer pagodas to resolve the complaints within 5 days following the lodging of the complaint. The CPC secretariat is responsible for documenting and keeping file of all complaints that it handles. If the household is not satisfied with the CPC solution, the household can elevate hislher complaint either to the CityPC or to the project GRP.

Second stage, at the City level: Upon receipt of complaint from the household, the CityPC/GRP will have 30 days following the lodging of the complaint to resolve the case. The CityPC/GRP is responsible for documenting and keeping file of all complaints that it handles. If the household is still not satisfied with the CityPC decision, the household can elevate his/her complaint to the PPC.

Third Stage. at the provincial level: Upon receipt of complaint from the household, the PPC will have 30 days following the lodging of the complaint to resolve the case. The PPC and GRP are responsible for documenting and keeping file of all complaints. If the decision of the PPC does not satisfy the household, they can elevate their complaint to the city court within 45 days.

To assure that the mechanism described above is pragmatic and acceptable to affected EM Peoples, and affected communities about this mechanism, particularly addressing the needs of bilungual information provided when required.

Vietnam: lvlekong Delta Urban Upgrading J'roj(!ct 24

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VII. MEASURES AND ACTIVITIES FOR ETHNIC MINORITY

The proposed measures consist .of the following three categories: Measures to avoid or mitigate adverse impacts; Measures to enhance positive impacts; Measures to ensure project benefits accrue to affected Khmer people in a preferential or in an appropriate manner.

The scale and scope of the proposed measures are subject to modification from time to time depending on the finalization of project design and various other factors.

7.1 Measures to support for mitigation of adverse impacts

According to results of the free, prior and informed consultations with Khmer people during the social assessment (conducted in May 2011 by consultants) all affected Khmer households defined their preference: to access loans to develop home business such as food services provision. People prefer to receive cash allowances, training courses for related to investment of credits in their own chosen business.

The PMU will conduct an assessment of Khmer people's demand for loans. With a list of potential borrowers, the city authorities will decide in consensus with the affected EMs about credit programs with an average loan amount of 10million VNDlhousehold, to be provided by banks or social organizations in the city such as city's Women Union or social policy Bank. These programs should be included in existing credit programs in the project communes, as is not a component of the project.

Orientation training on business for Khmer households who plan to do business will be supported by the project. The PMB of the city will coordinate with consultants and other agencies to carry out capacity building on handcrafts production and marketing; to support hands-on training (workshops) to present and showcase sucessful small private enterprises including experiences and lessons learned' with business development; to support training visits to sucessful business models that may be suitable to Khmer households so that they evidence operational experiences as opportunities to help them foresee difficulties that they may cope when doing business.

Table 7.1. Measures measures to support/or mitigation 0/ adverse impacts and budgets

Proposed measures Targets/indicators Beneficiaries Budgets Time

: Invest in small home Among 48 Khmer 10 million 2012-2016 business households who have VNDlhousehold from

demand for business Camau city budget and loan.

Provision of loan Invest in upgrading Among 48 Khmer 10 million 2012-2016 houses households who have VNDlhousehold from

demand for upgrading Camau city budget their houses

Orientation training Introduction of Among 48 Khmer 300million VND m 2012·2014 ! courses handicrafts, successful households who want EMDP

experience and models to do business implementation costs of business

Vocational training Cash allowance instead 55 affected Khmer 3million VND 2012·2013 allowance of vocational training laborers. included in RP

courses

7.2 Building capacity of Khmer community

A project's fund will support Khmer community in building their capacity for participation in project implementation, strengthening their awareness for an effective participation. The PMB in combination with Provincial Department of Culture and Communication, Television and local broadcast stations set up communication programs in Khmer language to disseminate project information about the potential project's opportllnities for Khmer people. The RP and EMDP will be disclosed and disseminated in summarized version and in Khmer language to inform ward/commune office before project's appraisal.

Vir/nam. ivlekong Del/a Urban Upgrading Project

t

During project implementation, social consultants should be hired to guide and train Khmer people to participate in the process of project implementation. Participatory methods and skills development will be introduced

Upon design process of resettlement sites, 11 relocated Khmer households and high-ranking bonze of Monivongsa pagoda will be invited to the sites to contribute with ideas and give comments on the design of resettlement sites to ensure the selected sites and its design suitable to their culture, customs and habits. In the same manner to ensure project is benefiting Khmer community.

Table 7.2. Measures to building capacity of Khmer community and budget

Proposed measures Targets/indicators Beneficiaries Budgets Time

Television and Translating project 48 Khmer households 10million VNDILIA 2012-2013 broadcasting programs information and policy and Khmer monks in EMDP in Khmer language in Khmer language implementation costs

and disseminating by television and -

broadcasting programs

Guidance of Khmer Training In 48 Khmer households Budget included in 2012-2013 people on participatory methods project management participation in the and skills, and guiding costs process of project practice of implementation participation in the

project implementation, monitoring

Contribution to Relocated households II relocated Budget included in 2012-2013 selection and design and monks participate households and monks RAP implementation

• of resettlement sites in selecting and of Khmer pagodas costs designing resettlement

! sites

Vietnam: Mekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 26

VIII. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR EMDP IMPLEMENTATION

8.1. Institution arrangement

Ca Mau PPC will establish a PMB to implement this project. The PMB in combination with Ca Mau city Resettlement Committee (CRC) are responsible for implementation of THE involuntary resettlement plan and the EMDP. It needs to organize training workshop for staff ofPMB and CRC to strengthen their capability of project implementation, including implementation of resettlement and EMDP. Supporting and strengthening capability of Khmer community will be integrated with RAP implementation.

To ensure the EMDP is implemented in compliance with the EMPF, PMB is responsible for internal monitoring the implementation process of EMDP. PMB will recruit a team or organization specialized in social development and experienced in social safeguard policy of the WB to monitor the process of EMDP and RAP implementation as the independently external organization. The internal monitoring is carried out monthly and the external monitoring is twice a year with the monitoring indicators ( see Chapter 9).

8.2 EMDP implementation schedule

The implementation plan fofEMDP is set up as follows:

Table 8.1: Proposed EMDP implementation plan

Nr Preparation phase Implementation phase , 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Ql Q2 Q3 Q4

I Subproject preparation

1.1. Preparation ofFS, RAP, EMDP

1.2. Approval ofFS, RAP, EMDP ... 1.3 Sign loan agreement •

I II Implementation Plan of

EMDP

2.1. Orientation training courses

2.2. Training workshop on home

I business

2.3. Community consultation with ethnic minority!

2.4. Training and strengthening

capability for Khmer people.

2.5 Implementation of measures to

minimize adverse impacts

i(DMS, compensation and

resettlement, livelihood

restoration ... )

2.6 Checking, monitoring and

assessment I i

Remarks: - 1 TIllS stage is CommtUlity consultation and dissemination of Etlmic Minority Development Plan after getting approval including consultation about this Ethnic Minority Development Plan

Vietnam' lvlekong Delta Urbun Upgrading Project 27

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....

IX. MONITORING AND EVALUATION

9.1 Monitoring Principles

To ensure the EMDP is implemented and complies with the World Bank's Indigenous People Policy (OP4.l 0), a Monitoring and Evaluation Mechanism needs to be established and carried out throughout the process of project implementation. Monitoring and evaluation is a continuous process. The PMB will be in charge of internal monitoring. Basing on the monitoring mechanism, a monitoring and evaluation plan of the mitigation measures will be made by the PMB. The mechanism will describe:

• the internal monitoring process;

• key monitoring indicators which would be used for internal and external monitoring (as proposed in 9.2 item);

• institutional arrangements;

• frequency of reporting and content for internal and external monitoring, process for integrating feedback from internal and external monitoring into implementation;

• methodology for external monitoring;

• financial arrangements for external monitoring and evaluation

9.2 Internal Monitoring

Objectives of the internal monitoring aim to:

a. ensure all negative impacts of the subproject on EM Peoples are mitigated, minimized or compensated in compliance with RPF, RAP, EMPF and EMDP.

b. ensure mitigation measures are implemented in culturally appropriate way for ethnic peoples.

c. identifY whether the free, prior and informed consultations for ethnic people communities are conducted in culturally appropriate manner for ethnic peoples or not.

d. determine if complaint procedures are followed the EMPF and propose solutions if there are pending issues.

e. conformity between relocation and land clearance and construction commencement to ensures that affected EM Peoples have been provided with compensation, allowance, and relocation satisfactorily before construction commencement.

Internal monitoring will be monthly conducted by the PMB. All findings of the internal monitoring should be reported to the PPC and the WB. In practice, the internal monitoring of EMDP implementation should be combined with internal monitoring of RAP implementation. The findings of both RAP monitoring and EMDP monitoring should be included in one report to submit to PPC and the WB for review.

Key internal monitoring indicators: a. Consultation with and participation of Khmer people are culturally appropriated conducted during

project implementation (# of consultations events and documentation provided). b. Payment of compensation to affected Khmer people are provided based on DMS results and

replacement costs of affected assets at the market prices at the time of the effective payments ( 100% of affected land and assets confirmed).

c. Resettlement activities are conducted according to the compensation policies as per agreed RPF and RAP for the sub-project ( 100% of affected HHs confirmed full compensation payments).

d. Determine if the required transition and income restoration measures and allowances are timely provided (100 % of households by on going report assessment issued).

e. Assess if all income and livelihood restoration measures have been provided properly for income restoration of Khmer and propose remedial measures if objectives of restoring income of households have not been met ( 100% of the impacted HHs on going assessment report issued).

f. Implementation of information disclosure and community consultation (number of events documented and reported).

Vietnam.· I'v/ekong Della Urban Upgrading Project 28

g. Determine if complaint procedures are followed and propose solutions if there are pending issues (grievance redress mechanism on-going documentation and reports issued).

h. Number of training courses and workshops were held and number of beneficiaries.

9.3. External Monitoring and Evaluation

External monitoring will be conducted by an external agency who is specialized in the social science. The external monitoring of E?vIDP implementation should be included in the external monitoring of RAP implementation with the same methodology and monitoring indicators, but focusing on ethnic minority peoples. The monitoring is periodically conducted twice a year and fmdings reports will be submit to the PPC and the WB for review.

Key indicators of external monitoring and evaluation

a. Public consultation and awareness of project benefits, resettlement policy and entitlements of Khmer PAPs;

b. DMS of affected assets and compensation payment as per policies in approved RAPs; .

c. Land acquisition and transfer procedures;

d. Construction/rebuilding of replacement houses and structures on residual land or to new relocation sites;

e. Level of satisfaction of Khmer PAPs with the provisions and implementation of the RAPs and EMDP;

f. Grievance redress mechanism (documentation, process, resolution);

g. Effectiveness and sustainability of entitlements and income rehabilitation measures for Khmer PAPs;

h. Gender impacts and strategy;

1. Capacity of Khmer PAPs to restore/re-establish livelihoods and living standards. Special attention provided or to be provided to severely affected and vulnerable households;

j. Resettlement impacts caused during construction activities;

k. Participation of Khmer PAPs in RAP and EMDP planning, updating and implementation;

l. Institutional capacity, internal monitoring and reporting; and

m. Channelling of government funds for compensation payment and allowances for severely Khmer PAPs or displaced PAPs.

n. Number of training courses and workshops were held and number of beneficiaries.

Vietnam. ivlekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 29

' ..

X. BUDGET AND FINANCE

10.1. Budget source

Budget for implementation of EMDP are counterpart fund. PPC should allocate and provide this fund sufficiently and timely to ensure that EMDP is implemented successfully.

10.2. Cost Estimation

Costs of compensation, ressetlement and assistance for affected Khmer people, vocational training course, job introduction and monitoring EMDP implementation are incorporated into costs of RAP implementation. Cost estimate stated here is expenditures for trainning workshops on business for Khmer househols in need, assistance for strengthening capability of Khmer community to participate in the project implementation process.

Costs for training workshops on business for Khmer households are estimated about 300,000,000VND, including allowance for participants, remuneration for presenters, stationary, visiting costs. Assistance costs for building and strengthening community capacity are estimated around 10 mil. VND for each LIA where the Khmers live. Total costs for EMDP implementation is estimated about 528,000,000VND. See Table 10.1 for details.

Table 10.1. Cost estimate

No. Description Quantity Rate I Amount !

(VND) (VND)

I 1 Training workshops on home business for [Among 48 Khmer 300,000,000

Khmer women and men. . . Ihouseholds

I 2 Building and strengthening capacity of 14 LIAs 10,000,000 . 140-,000,000

communities, including Khmer women.

•

3 Contingency (20% of 1+2) 88,000,000

TOTAL (1+2+3) 528,000,000

Vietnam: Alekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 30

;

XI. EMDP DISCLOSURE ARRANGEMENTS

To ensure full disclosure with EM Peoples, all communication concerning the project will take place in an appropriate manner - in the Khmer language (if they cannot speak and read Vietnamese) and in a culturally proper way. Public meetings will be arranged in villages, using participatory methodology and the ethnic minority language(s) (if required). Information will be posted in a central public location such as the ward/commune People's Committee office. Infonnation will be mostly pictorial in order to guarantee accessibility of the information for Khmer people with poor literacy skills.

Local people's opinions will be recorded in an appropriate way through minutes from the meetings. Notes also will be taken from all regular meetings between PMB and leaders of Khmer communities or village representatives chosen at village meetings. All the concerns from involved people will be recorded this way and brought into the project planning process and used during implementation to adjust project activities. Any concerns, claims or grievances brought up in meetings or other consultations will be recorded in the same way. The draft EMDP will be disclosed at commune level in a public meeting including all relevant stakeholders. The final EMDP also disclosed at a commune level public meeting. Women representing affected households must be present at the disclosure meetings. Copies (in Khmer language, if necessary) of the EMDP will be available at the ward/commune People's Committee offices, villagelhamlet leader's house and EM leader's house. It is also restored at the Infoshop of the WB in Ha Noi and posted on the website of the World Bank.

Vietnam: Alekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 31

MEETING MINUTES OF ETHNIC MINORITY COMMUNITY

,

Vietnam: Mekong Delta Urban Upgrading Project 32

ANNEXl

MEETING MINUTES OF ETHNIC MINORlTY

COMMUNITY

Vietnam. Mekong De/ta fJrbcm Upgrading Project 44

CA MAU PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE

PROJECT PREPARATION BOARD

OF URBAN UPGRADING IN CA MAU CITY

No.: ITrBB-BCB

SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

Independence - Freedom - Happiness

Ca Mau city, April2ih, 2010

MINUTES OF THE MEETING Community consultation of ethnic minority groups

Urban Upgrading project in Ca Mau City Ward: 1, LIAI

Group: 01 Location: At households

Participants:

- Preparation Board: Mrs. T~ Bich Van, Mr. Huynh T~n Len - group of communication and community development.

- THIKECO consultancy unit: Mr. Le Ti~n Hung Project manager, Mr. Nguy@n H6ng Chuang Specialist.

- Head of residential group.

- Representatives of the Khmer households: 25 people (4 male, 21 female at various ages).

- The meeting starts at I8.00PM on April 27ili, 2011.

CONTENT

I - Introduction of purpose and content of the meeting

Representatives of project preparation board and THIKECO consultancy units introduce about the purpose and content of the meeting.

1 - Purpose of meeting: collect opinions of Khmer people on urban upgrading project in Ca Mau city and their aspirations to the project.

2 - Contents

- Consultant and community specialist briefly introduce about the project, the fundamental items of the project, the impact of the project, the safety policy of the project, the benefits of affected people related to compensation and assistance and resettlement, the contributions of residents and issues relating to the claims.

- Opinion of the Khmer households.

- Guidance of supplying information for questionnaire form.

II-The discussed opinions

- Representatives of the Khmer households (l 00%) agree and support for the project because the project improved the living conditions of households.

-,

Regarding policy frame for compensation and assistance, the households wish to have entirely satisfactory compensation.

100% of Khmer households affected by the project want to be loaned for home improvement.

6 households are insignificantly affected on land (10%) and willing to donate land.

The relocated households have aspirations to be resettled at site to decrease disorder of their life.

The meeting finishes at 20.00PM on April 27th, 2011.

~

SECRETARY THIKECO PP DEPARTMENT MANAGER VICE DEPARTMENT MANAGER

Huynh TAn Len Le Ti~n Hung

Vice manager of Construction Department

N guy~n Hii'u Do

I

I

i

i

I

I

I

PROJECT PREPARATION BOARD

OF URBAN UPGRADING IN CA MAU CITY

SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

Independence - Freedom - Happiness

No.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

20 21 22 23 24 25

GROUP OF COMMUNICATION AND

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Ca Mau, April 2ih, 2007

LIST OF COLLABORATORS OF LIAI PARTICIPATING SOCIOECONOMIC SURVEY OF ETHNIC MINORITY'S HOUSEHOLDS

Fullname

Hfru Thi Hfru Thanh Th?ch Phen Th?ch Bich Th?ch Thi Men Lieu Thi Hong Th?ch Mien Hfru Thi Cam Hfru Kha Lam Hfru Tam (Ut) Hfru Thj B inh Ly Ngan Hien Tran Thi H?nh Ly Theli Hoang Danh Hoang Vii Hfnl Chanh

. LyThi Quach Thi DuoI' Th?ch Thi Xuan Hoa Tnln Thi D~ng

I Th(;lch Thi Hu~ Hfru Thi Hien Hfru H?Uh HfruKim Hfru Thi Mi

Address

1321103 1321103 1321105 1321105 132/105 1321105 1321105 1321103

1321101A 1321101 132/103 132/99 132/97

I 13211 0311 1321105C

I 1321103A I 132/135

1321103/2 1321103/3

132/103/4 132/99/3

j 13211 03 : Residential group 2

Residential group 2 I Residential group 2

Number of Norm of

Amount signa~re working payment days

i

I

I

I

I I i

!

!

IN CHARGE OF GROUP OF COMMUNICATION AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

LEADER

T~ Bieh Van

I

"I ! I I

i

J

I

I

••

PROJECT PREPARATION BOARD

OF URBAN UPGRADING IN CA MAU CITY

SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

Independence - Freedom - Happiness

GROUP OF COMMUNICATION AND

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Ca Mau, April 2th, 2007

LIST OF COLLABORATORS PARTICIPATING SOCIOECONOMIC SURVEY OF ETHNIC MINORITY'S HOUSEHOLDS (KHMER)

No. Fullname 1 Phi;lm Van Dam 2 Tran Huu L~rc 3 Thi;lCh Scm 4 Thi;lch Thi Men 5 Hfru Thi Ken 6 I Quach Thanh Hau 7 : Kim Van N~uy~n 8 Nguy~n Tuyet Phuqng 9 Le Thai Minh Phuc 10 I Nguy~n Thi My_Dung

Address I Note Residential group 2, ward 1 Residential group 2, ward 1 Residential group 2, ward 1

. Residential group 2, ward 1 Residential groujJ 2, ward 1 i

Residential gLoup 2, ward 1 Residential ~roup 2, ward 1 Residential group 2, ward 1 I Residential ~roup 2, ward 1 I Residential grouy 1, ward 1

IN CHARGE OF GROUP OF COMMUNICATION AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

LEADER

T~ Bieh Van

CA MAU PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE

PROJECT PREPARATION BOARD

SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

Independence - Freedom - Happiness OF URBAN UPGRADING IN CA MAU CITY

No.: ITrBB-BCB

Ca Mau city, April 28th, 2010

MINUTES OF THE MEETING Community consultation of ethnic minority groups

Urban Upgrading project in Ca Mau City Ward: 1, LIA1

Location: At households

Participants:

Group: 02

- Preparation Board: Mrs. T? Bich Van, Mr. Huynh T~n Len - group of communication and community development.

- THIKECO consultancy unit: Mr. Le TiSn HUng - Project manager, Mr. NguySn Hfmg Chuong - Specialist.

- Head of residential group.

- Representatives of the Khmer households: 26 people (5 male, 21 female at various ages).

The meeting starts at 14.00PM on April 28th, 2011.

CONTENT

I - Introduction of purpose and content of the meeting

Representatives of project preparation board and the THlKECO consultancy units introduce about the purpose and content of the meeting.

1 - Purpose of meeting: collect opinions of Khmer people on urban upgrading project in Ca Mau city and their aspirations to the project.

2 - Contents

- Consultant and community specialist briefly introduce about the project, the fundamental items of the project, the impact of the project, the safety policy of the project, the benefits of affected people related to compensation and assistance and resettlement, the contributions of residents and issues relating to the claims.

- Opinion of the Khmer households.

- Guidance of supplying information for questionnaire form.

II-The discussed opinions

Representatives of the Khmer households (l 00%) agree and support for the project because the project improved the living conditions of households.

- Regarding policy frame for compensation and assistance, the households wish to have entirely satisfactory compensation.

100% of Khmer households affected by the project want to be loaned for home improvement.

- 5 households are insignificantly affected on land (10%) and willing to donate land.

- The relocated households have aspirations to be resettled at site to decrease disorder of their life.

- Households proposed not to construct on their holidays as Chanam Chol Chanam Thmay festival, Buddha's birthday celebration, Don ta ceremony

The meeting fmishes at 16.00PM on April2Sth, 2011.

SECRETARY TIDKECO

Huynh Tin Len

PP DEPARTMENT MANAGER VICE DEPARTMENT MANAGER

Vice manager of Construction Department

Nguy~n Hu'u Do

PROJECT PREPARATION BOARD

OF URBAN UPGRADING IN CA MAU CITY

SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

Independence - Freedom - Happiness

No. f----

1 2

i----

3 4 5 6 7

r~ 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

---17 18

19 20

. 21 t--------

22 23 24

GROUP OF COMMUNICATION AND

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Ca Mau, April 28th, 2007

LIST OF ETHNIC MINORITY'S HOUSEHOLDS OF LIA 1, RESIDENTIAL GROUP 2, WARDS 1

-.- ~-----'-' Fullname Address Position signature

Hfru Thi Lien , Th~chHuyen

Hfru Thi Thoai Danh Thi Pho Danh Thi Thu Th~ch Nhan Danh Thi Phuong Th~ch Thi Hel Uim Giu !

-

Danh Thi ThuQt Nguy€n Van Thanh Danh Thanh Binh Danh Hoang Kh6i Danh Minh Phuan& Danh Thi Thu I

Chung TAnDful'--j

Chung TAn TuAn Nguyen Thj Kiem ClIC Danh Ph~t Hffll Tti Liem Nguyen vrm Day

,

[

.---~---.--.-~-

Huu Thi Xuan --

Ly Thi f)~t .-~.

Th~ch Minh Hai

Note -.~

-~

--

----.

~~----

---------

~+$?anh Phuang Thao I

I

-------,-----I ~~ T'!~I!_Lien 08

i I

--!-----~ ._---.

- -- -.~-----

IN CHARGE OF GROUP OF COMMUNICATION AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

LEADER

T~ Bieh Van

••

CA MAD PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE

PROJECT PREPARATION BOARD

SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

Independence - Freedom - Happiness OF URBAN UPGRADING IN CA MAU CITY

No.: ITrBB-BCB

Ca Mau city, April 28th, 2010

MINUTES OF THE MEETING Community consultation of ethnic minority groups

Urban Upgrading project in Ca Mau City Ward: 1, LIA1

Location: At households

Participants:

Group: 03

- Preparation Board: Mrs. T~ Bich Van, Mr. Huynh T~n Len - group of communication and community development.

- THIKECO consultancy unit: Mr. Le TiSn HUng - Project manager, Mr. NguySn H6ng Chuang - Specialist.

- Head of residential group.

- Representatives of the Khmer households: 29 people (4 male, 25 female at various ages).

The meeting starts at 18.00PM on April 28th, 2011.

CONTENT

I - Introduction of purpose and content of the meeting

Representatives of project preparation board and the THIKECO consultancy units introduce about the purpose and content of the meeting.

1 - Purpose of meeting: collect opinions of Khmer people on urban upgrading project in Ca Mau city and their aspirations to the project.

2 - Contents

- Consultant and community specialist briefly introduce about the project, the fundamental items of the project, the impact of the project, the safety policy of the project, the benefits of affected people related to compensation and assistance and resettlement, the contributions of residents and issues relating to the claims .

- Opinion of the Khmer households.

- Guidance of supplying information for questionnaire form.

II-The discussed opinions

- Representatives of the Khmer households (100%) agree and support for the project because the project improved the living conditions of households.

T.

..

- Regarding policy frame for compensation and assistance, the households wish to have entirely satisfactory compensation.

100% of Khmer households affected by the proj ect want to be loaned for home improvement.

- 7 households are insignificantly affected on land (10%) and willing to donate land.

- The relocated households have aspirations to be resettled at site to decrease disorder of their life.

- Households proposed not to construct on their holidays as Chanam Chol Chanam Thmay festival, Buddha's birthday celebration, Bon ta ceremony

The meeting finishes at 20.00PM on April 28th, 2011.

SECRETARY THIKECO

Huynh Tin Len Le Ti~n Hung

PP DEPARTMENT MANAGER VICE DEPARTMENT MANAGER

Vice manager of Construction Department

Nguy~n Hu'u Do

PROJECT PREPARATION BOARD

OF URBAN UPGRADING IN CA MAU CITY

SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

Independence - Freedom - Happiness

GROUP OF COMMUNICATION AND

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

LIST OF RESIDENTIAL COMUNITY LIAI PARTICIPATING SOCIOECONOMIC SURVEY OF ETHNIC MINORITY'S HOUSEHOLDS (KHMER)

,------T----~--~--~------,---~---____,_-~-~---,~---~._-- ~- ,..--------

No. Fullname Address

Number of Norm of

Amount signature working payment

~ ___ ~ ____________ 4_ __ ~_--_+-_d_~ __ ~---~~ __ ~ ____ ~~-__ ~ 1 Huynh Thi Lan Residential

group 3, ward 1

~~-~-------------~--------~-------+-----+------r-------4 2 Kim Van Residential

group 3, ward 1

r----------f---~-------~---4_~--------~------+_--~~---+_----_+_-- ---\-----------

3

4

5

16 7

8

9

[--10

11

12

Kim Thi Lgi

Kim Van Nghia

LyThi~ch

Chung Tan Turn--~

Thi Xung

Residential group 3, ward 1

---~~-----~------+-------~-----~ Residential group 3

-

Residential group 3

--""-------- ~-

Residential g:roup 2 --Residential group 2

- P"--~-~-~-----Danh Sang

Th?ch Lugt

~-

Th?ch Phgot Sm! Thi My L~

Kim San

Residential group 2 Residential

~Qup2

Residential group 2 Residential T group 2

13 Kim Thi Sang~Sidential

I ~:s~~e~tial .. t, - -~ 14 Th?ch Di~p ! group 2 . _~ _

r--15--rT-h-?-c-h-T--h-~i-M-~~i ---!Residential I . I

h6HUY~h Till ~i~nh ~~¥~e~tial i ---~-I' ~--~-~r' ----I Duven group 2 I ~---~.---' -~------ ~~--- ----'--~-~,-~.-~

.-------~-

No.

17

-.--18

19

20

21

22

-. 23

24

25

26

27

28

29 '---..

•

~~~~.~~--~~.--~- - ~--.~~~~,----~~-~-

'~~-. -r------~-I Number of Norm of .

Fullname Address ki t Amount sIgnature wor ng paymen days

I .--~~---

Nguy€n Thi Residential Phuong -.-.-~--.--~-

~roup 2 Huynh Van Thirn Residential

group 2 ~

Kim Thu Residential ~t¥0Up 2

Tran VanLy Residential group 2

Thi Ki- Residential group 2

Danh Thi Quit Residential group 2

Muong NgQc Lien Residential group 2

Muong NgQc Sanh Residential group 2

--"~-~

Uim ThiKim Residential Thanh

-~rou.Q. 2

L6 Thi Y Residential group 2

.~

Dim Thi Thien Residential

- gro-"E1. -aIf ----~--~--~-Nguyen Thi Hoa Residential .

. group 2 ----~ .. ---~-. J:'If--Vii Thi S\f Residential

ro~ I

IN CHARGE OF GROUP~FCOMMUNICATION AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

LEADER

T~ Bieh Van

PROJECT PREPARATION BOARD OF URBAN UPGRADING IN CA MAU CITY

SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence - Freedom - Happiness

GROUP OF COMMUNICATION AND

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Ca Mau, April 27th, 2007

LIST OF COLLABORATORS OF LIA2 PARTICIPATING SOCIOECONOMIC SURVEY

OF ETHNIC MINORITY'S HOUSEHOLDS (KHMER)

I~r Fullna_m~_e ____ --+ ____ A_d_d_r._e_ss ___ --i ___ N_o_t~e. __ _ r--~l _ __+_-B~u.-i B_a_L-!..Q_c _____ . ___ Resident~l group 3, ward_l-l--___ --" ___ --l

2 Bui Vi~t Hung Residential rou 3, ward 1 3 Le Dinh Thea ____ -'I_R_e_s_idential group 3, ward_l-'--____ ~ _ __'

IN CHARGE OF GROUP OF COMMUNICATION AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

LEADER

T~Bich Van

",

CA MAU PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE

PROJECT PREPARATION BOARD

SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

Independence - Freedom - Happiness OF URBAN UPGRADING IN CA MAU CITY

No.: ITrBB-BCB

Ca Mau city, April 28th, 2010

MINUTES OF THE MEETING Community consultation of ethnic minority groups

Urban Upgrading project in Ca Man City Ward: 1, LIA1

Group: 04

Location: At the quarter of residential group 3

Participants:

- Preparation Board: Mrs, T;;t Bich Van, Mr. Huynh T§n Len - group of communication and community development.

- THlKECO consultancy unit: Mr. Le TiSn Hung - Project manager, Mr. NguySn H6ng Chuang - Specialist.

- Head of residential group.

- Representatives of the Khmer households: 5 people (1 male, 4 female at various ages).

The meeting starts at 16.45PM on April 28t\ 2011.

CONTENT

I - Introduction of purpose and content of the meeting

Representatives of project preparation board and THIKECO consultancy unit introduce about the purpose and content of the meeting.

1 - Purpose of meeting: collect opinions of Khmer people on urban upgrading project in Ca Mau city and their aspirations to the project.

2 - Contents

- Consultant and community specialist briefly introduce about the project, the fundamental items of the project, the impact of the project, the safety policy of the project, the benefits of affected people related to compensation and assistance and resettlement, the contributions of residents and issues relating to the claims.

- Opinion of the Khmer households.

- Guidance of supplying information for questionnaire form.

t

II-The discussed opinions

- Representatives of the Khmer households (100%) agree and support for the project because the project improved the living conditions of households.

- Regarding policy frame for compensation and assistance, the households wish to have entirely satisfactory compensation.

100% of Khmer households affected by the project want to be loaned for home improvement.

- 7 households are insignificantly affected on land (10%) and willing to donate land.

- The relocated households have aspirations to be resettled at site to decrease disorder of their life.

The meeting finishes at l8.00PM on April 28 th, 2011.

SECRETARY THIKECO

Huynh TAn Len Le Ti~n Hung

PP DEPARTMENT MANAGER VICE DEPARTMENT MANAGER

Vice manager of Construction Department

Nguy~n Hu'u Do

APPENDIX 2 SURVEY VOUCHER OF SOCIOECONOMIC OF

ETHNIC MINORITIES

'.

VIETNAM URBAN UPGRADING PROJECT CAMAU SUB-PROJECT

Ward: ................................... .

LIA: ............. ; Resident group: ........... .

Voucher No.: ........ .

SURVEY VOUCHER OF SOCIOECONOMIC OF ETHNIC MINORITIES

*** Name of surveyed per:sont: ___________________ _ Survey time: ____________________ _

1. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT HOUSEHOLD

1. L Householder name: 1.2. Address: ____ - __________________ _

1.3. Number of people in household:

I 1.7. 1.8. 1.9

1.5. Gender 1.6. Relationship Education Residence 1.4. Name of person

Age with· in the household I householder

degree status

I Male i Female i !

-.-r 1. N arne of person I who answers I

2. I

3.

4. I I

5. I

6. r

7. I

8. I

f--::---- I 9. I

I 10.

II.

C I I

~ i I ...

14. i

I 15. -.--.-~.

I Note: Gender: Male: 1 Education degree Haven't graduated at primary school yet = 1 Haven't graduated at secondary school yet = 2

I

!

I I

I I

I I I I

1 I I

i

I

Female: 2

"

'w'

Haven't graduated at high school yet = 3 Haven't graduated at university yet = 4 Over university degree = 5 Residence status:

Permanent residence:

Temporary residence:

o o

2. INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT:

2.1. How many people do have income in a family? ___ _

2.1.4.

Distance 2.1.2. 2.1.3. between

No. 2.1.1. Full name Working Monthly living code income/person location and

working location

1.

2.

3.

4. I I I

I 5.

6. :

7.

I 8. I i i

I I I

income of a household per month:

2.1.5.

Mean-of transport

I

I I

I I

Job Distance Mean of transport • Worker = 1 • At home = 1 • Walking = 1

• Official = 2 • < 1km = 2 • Bike = 2 (administrative, education, health care ... )

• Business/Service = 3 • 1- 3km = 3 • Motorbike 3

• Unskilled 4 • > 3km = 4 • Bus = 4 worker/seasonal worker

• Other job = 5 • No clear = 5 • Other mean = 5

2.2. How many people are unemployed at working age?

2.2.2. 2.2.3. No

2.2.4 Reason

INo. 2.2.1. Name Previous working time

for no work workinK I

ill I

I ------------

! i

"

I 4

! 5

j I I 7 :

Previous work: Write working code as described in Item 2

Time: Number of year having no work

Reason for no working: Lack of working (seasonal work) = 1 Without finding work = 3 Unsuitable professional = 2 Other reason (clearly state)= 4

2.3. Monthly average expenditure of a family:

L I I

I

l

2.3.1. Expenditure items 2.3.2. Amount (VND) l. Market amount

.2. Electricity 3. Water

! 4. Garbage 5. Movement I

B. House hire (if any) I

7. Schooling !

8. Health care r-

9. Entertainment 10. Others (marriage,

funeral) r-- .-.-~.---

. 2.2.4. Total

3. HOUSING

3.1. When did the household move to here?

--

1 - Before 18/12/1980

3 - Since 15/10/1993

o o

2 - From 18/12/1980 to before 15/10/1993

3.2. Where did the household live?

1 - Can Tho city 2 Beyond Can Tho 0

o

3 - Other CitylProvince

3.3. Area

o o 4 - Other country (clearly state) __ . __ _

3.3.1. House area (DxR) ___ m x ___ m = ___ m 2

3.3.2. Land area (DxR) ___ m x ___ m = m 2

3.4. House status:

2. Semi-permanent house o 1. Permanent house

3. Temporary house

o o 4. Other (clearly state): ____ ~ _______ _

i

3.5. Certificate

3.5.1.Do the household have certificate of land / house ?

L Yes 0 2. No 0 3.5.2.If any, what type of certificate?

1. Land use right certificate 2. House use right certificate 0 3. Temporary Certificate

o o 4. Other certificate (clearly state): ____ _

3.5.3.If not, indicate the reason for no documentation

1. Too expensive 0 2. Legal procedures is not enough 0 3. Hiring house 0 4.0ther reason (clearly state): _____ _

3.6. Status of house ownership

1. Private house 0 2. Hired house of individual 0 3. Hired house of State 0 4. Community/Religion 0 5. Other Owner (Clearly state): _____ _

3.7. House location

1. Front house 0 2. House in alley with width less than 2m 0 3. House in alley with width from' 2m to 4 m 0 4. House/Alley> 4m 0 5. House along channel/river 0 6. House on channel/river 0

4. LIVING CONDITIONS 4.1. Where is drinking-waterniving water come from?

4.1.1. Drinking-water 4.1.2 Living water

l. Tap water through a separate meter 0 2. Tap water through a collective meter 0 3. ChannellRiver water 0 0 4. Rain water 0 0 5. Well water 0 0 6. Change water 0 0 7. Other source 0 0

4.2. Where is waste water discharged?

1. Sewer 0 2. Ditch 0 3. River/channel/small ditch 0 4. Self absorb 0 5. Other (clearly state): _________ . __

4.3. Toilet

4.3.1.Do household have toilet ? 1. Yes o 2. No 0 4.3.2. If any, where is waste water discharged?

1. Self - ruin basin 0 2. Public water drainage system 0 3. Other (Clearly state):

4.3.3. Without private toilet, where do the household go to the toilet?

1. Public toilet 0 2. Land areas near house 0 3. On channel 0 4. Anywhere I Others (clearly state): __ _

0 0

t,

4.4. Garbage collection service:

4.4.1. Are there garbage collection service in living area of the household?

1. Yes D 2. No D 4.4.2. If any, whose the garbage collection services are they?

1. State D 2. Private individual D 3. Other private service D 4.4.3. Without garbage collection service, where do the household empty garbage?

1. Burn D 2. Public dust-hole D 3. In the street D 4. Channel D 5. Other (clearly state) ____________ _

4.5. Electricity using

4.5.1. Do the household use electricity? 1. Yes D 2. No D 4.5.2. If have whom is electricity supplied by?

1. State [j 2. Electricity using neighbor electricity meter D 3. Using other sources (clearly state): _

4.6. Current road to the household is

1. Asphalted road

3. Cobble road

D D

2. Concrete road

4. Pathway

4.7. Flooded status

4.7.1. In the past year, is the house flooded? 4.7.2. Reason of flood

1. Heavy rain

3. House base is lower than road

5. Without water drainage system

5. HEALTH & ENTERTAINMENT

5.1 Health status:

D D D

D D

1. Yes D

2. Flood-tide

2.No D

4. Bad water drainage system

6. Other reasons

5.1.1. In two,E.S;st weeks, is there an;t.!!,ody sick in the family? 1. Yes U 2. No U

5.1.2. Ifany, who is sick?) what is disease? Where is he/she treated? ...

No. 1. Name of the sick 2. Age I 3. 4. Sick

i Gender symptom 1

2

3

4

Note: Gender Male: 1 Female: 2 Sick symptom~

D D D

Treatment location

Fever 1 Flu) disease ear) nose, throat = 2

Dysentery 4 Typhoid::: 5

Diarrhea, stomachache = 3

Headache = 6

Bachache =:: 7 Other (clearly state} ............... . = 8

Treatment location: Buy medicine by themselves = 1

Private Doctor 3 Oriental medicine = 5

Health care station of ward = 2

Health station / Hospital = 4 Other (clearly state) = 6

"

5.2. Do the diseases relate to environmental conditions of area where you are living?

1. Yes o 2. No o 3. Do not know o 5.3. If any, what is the main reason of these diseases? (May select more than one

reason)

1. Drinking water without cleaning

3. Lack of nutrition in regime

5. Flood, muddy

o o o

2. Fly and insect in garbage

4. Food product without cleaning

6. Low and damp house

o o o

7. Other reason (clearly state) _______________________ _

5.4. Do the household go to health station at ward? 1. Yes 0 2. No 0 5.4.1. If any, are the household satisfied? 1. Yes 0 2. No 0 5.4.2 If not, Why?

1. Too expensive

3. Bad service quality

5.5. Entertainment

o o

2. Lack of transport mean 0 4. Other (clearly state) 0 _____ _

5.5.1.1s there any entertainment in your living area? 1. Yes D 2. No 0 5.5.2. If any, Which entertainment?:

1. Park 0 2. Cinema 0 3. Outdoor amusement park D 4. Swimming pool 0 5. Entertainment areas for family D 6. Other (clearly state): ___ _

5.6. Satisfaction

5.6.1. Do the household satisfy with entertainment and sport in the area?

1. Yes 0 2.No 0 5. 6.2.if not, state the reason

1. Too expensive 0

3. Bad equipment 0

2. Have no time 0

4. Other reason (clearly state): __

6. URBAN UPGRADING DEMAND, IMPROVEMENT OF LIVING ENVIRONMENT AND CONTRIBUTION ABILITY: 6.l.What is the following problems the household feel imperative?

1. Unemployed 0 2. Not enough money for living

4. Diseases 0 5. Bad sanitation

o 3. No security 0 o 6. Bad living condition D

7. Flood 0 8. Lack of entertainment/park o 9.Dead D 10. Others (clearly state) _______ ~ _________ ~ _____ _

6.2. The most important demands for improving your family's living environment are:

6.2.1. Infrastructure (3 options maximum) 6.2.2. Living condition (3 options maximum)

1. Water drainage system o 1.Solve/create more jobs 0 2. Water supply system o 2.Having more schooling/training condition 0 3. Waste collection system o 3.Make area more safety 0 4. More than roads o 4.Better health! sanitation 0 5. Expand alley/road o 5.Building and repair house 0 6. No longer flood D 6.Others (clearly state): ___ . __ _

7 Others (clearly state): _.

6.3. What shall the household contribute if the sewer, road, electricity, water and area needed to be improved, upgraded better?

2. May show the contribution ability is ____ _ VND 1. Expense. 0 3. Effort. 0 4. Professional skill (clearly state) ________ _

6.4. Demand of house repair:

6.4.1. Do the household have demand for hOllse repair? 1. Yes 0 2. No 0 6.4.2. If any, how much do the household repair? __________ VND

6.5. Do the household borrow money to repair house? 1. Yes 0 2. No 0 6.5.1. If any, amount is VND 6.5.2. Amount the household shall monthly pay by instalment: _ .. _____ _

6.6. Other opinion and aspiration of the household: 6.7. Solution proposal of the household

7. COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES OF ETHNIC MINORITIES 7.1. Do the household participate in religion activities?

7.2. Do the household go to the church or pagoda periodically?

7.3. Do members o/the household learn ethnic language?

7.4: Is there any mutual special assistance among ethnic households? Assistance mode: ........................ .

1. Yes 0 1. Yes 0 1. Yes 0 1. Yes 0

2. No 0 2. No 0 2. No 0 2. No 0

7.5. Do the household meet difficulties in community activities? 1. Yes 0 2. No 0 List of difficulties: ........................ .

7.6. Is the minority ethnic given special treatmentfrom the State and local authorities?

1. Yes 0 2. No 0 Give special treatment: ........................ .

Thanks for answering INVESTIGATOR

, .

APPENDIX 3 PHOTO OF COMMUNITY CONSULTATION OF

KHMER PEOPLE

?

Anh Chua Mien Monivoongsa cua nguOi Khome

..

. .

APPENDIX 4 ETHNIC MINORITIES IN VIETNAM AND CA MAU CITY

Table P4.1 List and population of ethnic minority groups in Vietnam

No. Name of ethnic

Languages Population minority groups

1 Kinh (Vi~t) Vi~t Muang language 65.795.718

2 Tfly ethnic group Vi~t Muang language 1.477.514 !

'. 3 Thai ethnic group Vi~t Muang language 1.328.725 .

4 Muang ethnic group Vi~t Muang language 1.137.515

5 Khmer ethnic group Mon Kha me language 1.055.174

6 Boa ethnic group Boa - Ban language 862.371

7 Nung ethic group Tcly Thai language 856A12

8 Mong ethic group Mong Dao language 787.604

9 Dao ethic group Mong - Dao language 620.538

10 Gia rai ethic group N am dcio language 317.557

11 E Be ethic group N am dcio language 270.348

12 Ba na ethic group I Mon - Kha me language 174.456

13 San Chay ethic Tcly Thai language 147.315 group

14 Cham ethic group N am dcio language 132.873 ,

15 Ca hO ethic group Mon Kha me language 128.723

16 Xa Bang ethic group Mon - Kha me language 127.148

17 San Diu ethic group Boa - Ban language 126.237

18 Ha re ethic group Mon - Kha me language 113.111 I

19 Raglai ethic group Nam dcio language 96.931

20 Mnong ethic group Mon Kha me language 92.451 ,

21 Th6 ethic group Vict Muang language 68.934

22 Xtieng ethic group Mon Kha me language 66.788

23 Kha mil ethic group Mon Kha me language 56.542

24 Bru- Van Kieu ethic Mon Kha me language 55.559 group

,

25 Ca Tu ethic group Mon Kha me language 50.458

26 Giay ethic group Tfly Thai language 49.098 .

27 Tfl oi ethic group Mon - Kha me language 34.960 ,

28 M~ ethic group Mon Kha me language I

33.338

I 29 Gie-trieng ethic Mon Kha me language

,

30.243 group

30 Co ethic group Mon - Kho me language 27.766 i i

31 Cho ro ethic group Mon - Kho me language 22.567 •

32 Xinh-mun ethic Mon Kho me language 18.018

1

group •

33 Ha Nhi ethic group T~nglanguagelanguage 17.535 '

'. 34 Chu ru ethic group Mon - Kho me language 14.978

I 35 Lao ethic group Tay Thai language 11.611

36 La Chi ethic group Ka dai language 10.765

37 Khang ethic group Mon - Kho me language 10.272 •

38 Phil la ethic group T~nglanguage 9;046 I

39 La Hu ethic group T~nglanguage 6.874 i •

40 La Ha ethic group Kadai language 5.686 •

41 Pa Then ethic group Mong - Dao language 5.569

42 Lu ethic group Tay Thlii language 4.964

43 Ngai ethic group Hoa - Han language 4.841

44 Chfrt ethic group Vi~t MuO'ng language 3.829

45 L6 Lo ethic group T~nglanguage 3.307

46 Mang ethic group Mon Kho me language 2.663 ,

47 CO' Lao ethic group Kadai language 1.865 i

48 ! Bo Y ethic group . T ay Thai language 1.864 • ,

49 Cong ethic group T~nglanguage 1.676

50 Si La ethic group T~nglanguage 840

51 I PlL Peo ethic group Kaclai language 705

52 ! Ro mam ethic group Mon - Kho me language 352

53 Brau ethic group Mon Kho me language 313

54 () du ethic group Mon - KhO' me language 301 I

Table P4.2. Population of ethnic minority groups in Camau city

I No. Name of ethinic group Language ~pulation

1 Kinh (Vi~t) Vi~t muong language I 203.658

2 Boa Boa - Ban language 7.235

3 Khame Khrmer language 2.829

'. I 4 Other ethnic groups 129

APPENDIX 5 GENERAL SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KHMER

..

I'

3.2.1. General Characteristics

Kluner is the word written in English transliteration, COlllll10nly fOlmd in English dictionaries. Vietnamese transliteration of this word is Kha-mc. Through Han language, Kluner word is transcribed into Cao Mien which is abbreviated as Mien. Therefore, some Vietnamese people call this ethnic group is Mien. Before 1975, there are other names such as CuI, Cur, Vi~t people but have origin from Mien, Th6, ...

According to Directive No. 117-CT/TU on September 29th ,1981 promulgated by the Secretariat of Central committee of Vietnam Communist Party and Directive No. 122-CT on May 12nd

, 1982 of the President of the Vietnamese Council of Ministers on "Tasks for the Khmer people" uniformly regulating on name of the Khmer, Khmer people and do not allow to use the incorrect names or imply disparagedly such as CuI, Cur, Vi~t people but have origin from Mien, Th6, ... , etc ..

Language and handwriting of the Khmer belongs to the Mon-Khmer language.

Khmer people are divided into two parts, such as Khmer Cr<)m living in Vietnam, and Kluner La living in Cambodia. "Cr<)m" and "La" is the Vietnamese transliteration of the Khmer language, means "Below" and "Above."

Most Khmer people are Kluner La people gathering in Cambodia. The rest is Kluner Cr<)m people living in the Mekong delta, including provinces: S6c Trang, Tn} Vinh, B~c Lieu, Cit Mau, Kicn GicU1g, An Giang, H~u Giang, Cftn Tha, VInh Long, D6ng Thap, Long An, Tien Giang, B~n Tre.

According to survey data of population and housing in 2009, Khmer people in Vietnam has a popUlation of 1,260,640 people. They are present in all 63 provinces and cities. Khmer people mainly gather in the provinces such as S6c Trang (397,014 people, accounting for 30.7% of the province's population and 31.5% of the Khmer people in Vietnam), Tra Vinh (317,203 persons, accounting for 31.6% province's population and 25.2% of the Khmer people in Vietnam), Kien Giang (210,899 people, accounting for 12.5% of the province's population and 16.7% of the Khmer people in Vietnam), An Giang ( 90,271 people), B~c Lieu (70,667 people), Cit Mau (29,845 people), H6 Chi Minh City (24,268 people), V-mh Long (21,820 people), clin Tha (21,414 people), H~u Giang (21,169 people), BInh Phuac (15,578 people), Binh Duong (15,435 people)1

Housing

Khmer people mainly stayed in stilt houses, but now they are only a few along the Vietnam - Cambodia border and in the Khmer Buddhist pagoda where is the meeting place of monks and believers ... The living layout of Khmer people is quite simple. Today, most Khmer people stay in soil house. The framework of the soil house is made quite strong.

House is decorated as follows: the house is divided into two sections horizontally, one is for living, the remaining is for the kitchen

Living section is divided into two sections vertically: the front section, middle section is decorated by desk and chair for guests, next to this section is glass cabinet containing embroidered pillows which is to decorate as well as to use for guests. Buddhist altars is behind the desk and chair for guests. In the last section, the right is the room of husband and wife. Room on the left is for their daughter.

I .. Sur'::f;'V of population and hOtlsing in Vietnam in ~009: Total results. Hanoi, June-20lO Table 5, page. 1 34-225.

2

, J

f.

Economic characteristics

Khmer people have already known the wet rice cultivation for a long time. They also know how to select rice breed, to irrigate and to take advantage of tide for deacidification to improve soil. And some locals grow many watermelons. Khmer people also develop comprehensive economic such as breeding cattle for plowing, pigs, chickens, ducks, fish and other handicraft such as weaving, pottery, make sugar from the palmyra.

Culture Long ago and nowadays, Khmer pagoda is the place where take place the cultural -social activities of Khmer people. There are many monks in each pagoda (called ong h,lc) and headed by superior monk. Youth Khmer people often go to the pagoda to learn to virtue and knowledge before they grow up. Today, there are over 400 Khmer pagodas in the South. The pagoda is a place where often teach production experience and Khmer language.

Khmer people have their own language and script, but they have common culture, history of protecting and building Vietnam. Khmer people living interspersed with Kinh people and Hoa people in residential areas, small village, Hamlet.

Khmer people in the South has many customs and unique art cultures. The large pagodas usually have drum, trumpet, music instrument, ghe gho team ... Every year, there are many traditional festivals take place in Khmer.

Khmer people have big holidays called Chon Cha nam tha may (happy new year), Buddha's birthday celebration, Don ta ceremony (the death pardon ceremony), 06c born bo6c celebration (the moon celebration).

Clothing

Traditional clothing with the specific style is dresses and clothing style associated with Buddhism.

+ Clothing for men

Middle-aged men and older people often wear ba ba shirt with black and wrap bandana on their head. On T~t holiday, they often wear ba ba with white, black trousers (or black shirt, white scarf which is wrapped across the flank and then put on the left shoulder). During the wedding ceremony, the groom often wear the "xil rong" (hoI) custom and short red shirts. This is the kind of clothes cut in the chest, stand-up collar with buttons. The groom shall wrap white craft crossing his left shoulder and wear a 'wedding knife' (called kfun pach) means protect the bride. Today, Khmer youth do not usually wear clothes at home and only wrap the 'xa rong' with stripes.

+ Clothing for women

About thirty or forty years ago, Southern Khmer women worn 'xam p6t' (dress). That dress is made by silk with tubular shape (sealed). Typical dress is called xam p6t chcm khen which is an open skirt, wrapped around the body. However, it is unlike other dress. It is inserted between the legs from back to front, then pulled up and fasten the hips. It looks like a short and wide pants.

The model and patterns of dresses may be same with other ethnic minorities. However, this way of dress - wearing can be considered as a unique characteristic of the south Khmer people. They usually wear these dress in the big holidays with different colors every day during those holidays. That kind of dress is called "xam p6t pha muong".

.~

Today, type of these dresses is rarely, we only see them on the traditional stage. Khmer people have method of dye cloth ensuring gloss black and fastness from "mi;ic lzra" fiuitto make clothes. Today, the daily Khmer costumes are influenced by King culture. During the holidays or New Year, they wear long dresses like the Cham people. In addition, Khmer women often wrap Krama scarf with blue and red squares on white background. In wedding ceremony, the bride wears xam pdt hoI with dark purple or lotus pink, tam pong red dress, wrap the scarf crossing the body, wear a pkel plac hat or hats with pinnacle and many layers which is made by metal or cardboard

4

APPENDIX 6 LAND ACQUlSmON IMPACTS TO ETHNIC MINORITY PEOPLE

IN PHASE 1 OF THE SUB-PROJECT

Land acquisition impacts to the ethnic minority people (the Khmers) in Phase 1 of the sub-project

As stated in this document, there are groups of Kinh people, the Khmers and Chinese people living in LIAs within sub-project area. Only the Khmer group is considered, however, the ethnic minority people as they live in communities and have specific religion, character and languge. This group needs special attention in report on resettlement.

Targets of Policy OPIBP 4.10 given by the World Bank in the implementation of the subproject are to assure development process and respect human dignity, human right and cultural character of the ethnic minority people, especially to assure ethnic minority people being free from adverse impacts, in stead they can get benefits in conformity with -their culture. The ethinic minority is considered the poorest group in the society and vunerable, thus the followings must be assured during the subproject performance:

(i) All adverse impacts to local ethnic minority community, if being unavoidable, will be minimized, and positive impacts should be promoted by the selection of the most suitable design options, and

(ii) Institution conditions, budget, implementation plan as well as inspection, evaluation shall be prepared correlatively to successfuly implement planned activities relating to ethnic minority community as well activities for affected people who are ethnic minority people.

(iii)The local ethnic minority community is provided with sufficient information, consulted and allowed to initiatively participate in preparation and implementation of the subproject.

(iv)During design process, it should assure that the ethnic minority community shall have right to contribute oppinions and all designs must be in conformity with cultural, socio-economic conditions of the local ethnic minority community.

According to survey, there are 138 ethnic minority households living in 18 LIAs, mainly in LIA 1 and LIA 2 (89 households counting for 64% of total Khmer households). The remaining households live dispersely in LIAs 3, 4,5, 6, 8, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 with household number of about 1 to 8 households per LIA. The Khmer household is not found in 4 LIAs (LIAs 7, 10, 11, 12).

Out of 3,180 households being affected by the subproject, 48 households (277 persons) are the Khmers and of which 11 households must to move. Table P6.1. Total of land acquisition impacts to the Khmer households in phase 1 of the subproject.

Design and implementation of the subproject must assure development process and respect human dignity, human right and cultural character of the ethnic minority people, especially to assure ethnic minority people being free from adverse impacts, in stead they can get benefits in conformity with their

. .

r.

culture. In order to reach the said targets, during design process, minimization of impacts to the Khmers must be considered. Also during preparation and implementation of the subproject, community consuitation must be often made to maximize benefits for the Khmers and to increase awareness and contribution of the ethnic minority people to the sUbproject. Community consultation shall be continous process during the subproject execution . Community consultation will be made throught different ways such as organization of meetings, intensive interview, visits to monks in Mien Monivongsa pagoda for the subproject design consultation.

Table P6.1. Total of land acquisition impacts to the Khmer households in phase 1

Number of

No. LIA's area Affected Affected HHs being

HHs area subject to (BBs) (m2) removal

(BBs)

I Component 1 48 950

11

1 LIA 1 34 763 10

2 LIA2 4 54 0

3 LIA3 2 25 0

4 LIA4 3 31 0

5 LIA5 2 29 1

6 LIA6 1 14 0

7 LIA 7 0 0

8 \LIA8 0 0

9 LIA9 1 21 0

10 LIA 10 0 0,

11 LIA 11 0 0

12 LIA 12 o , 0

13 LIA 13 0 0 0

14 LIA 14 1 13 0

15 LIA 15 0 0 0

16 LIA 16 0 0 0

17 LIA 17 0 0 0

18 LIA 18 0 0 0

II Component 2 0 0 0

19 Road Truong PhUng Xuan (LIA9) 0 0 0

20 DuOng s6 1 (LIAI0) 0 0 0 Canal Xang Cau Mau- B~c Lieu I

21 (LIAI2) 0

22 Road Ganh Hao (LlAI7) 0 0 0

• . .

23

25

26

III

Canal Xang Cau Mau- B~c Lieu (LIA18)

Canal Tinh DQi

Hai ThUQllg Uin Dng

Component 3

Total:

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 o. 0 0 0

48 950 11