eu-india conference on advanced biofuels · provides sustainable solution for waste valorization....

Presentation at

by

Rajaram Ghadge, Ramesh Bhujade,

RIL R&D

RCAT-HTL Reliance Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction:

Promising pathway for sustainable biorefinery

Copyright © 2019 Reliance. All rights reserved.

EU-India conference on

Advanced Biofuels

2

Contents

Overview of Reliance R&D

RCAT-HTL, Novel Green Technology with Global Impact

RCAT-HTL Development Journey at RIL

RCAT-HTL Commercialization plan


3

Reliance and R&D at a Glance

• Reliance, a Fortune Global 500 company. Integrated business approach. Reliance’s portfolio ranges from hydrocarbons to consumer businesses.

• Reliance R&D: 68 patents granted/192 patents filed (2017-18), 24 state-of-the-art labs. 900+ scientists and engineers

• R&D in refining, petrochemicals, catalysts, alternate energy, novel materials, bio-fuels, synthetic biology, nanotechnology

• Breakthrough R&D using Algae platform technology – Sustainable source of biofuels, bio-chemicals and nutritional products.

• RCAT- HTL, spin-off technology from algal research. A novel process that provides sustainable solution for Waste valorization. Recognized with Golden Peacock Award and Global Clean Energy Award in 2018

Reliance R&D has end-to-end presence in value chain from feed stocks to valuable products


Panoramic view of refinery One of the R&D Labs 2.5 acre Algae Pond RCAT-HTL Pilot Plant

4

Replaces

fossil crude

and produces sustainable

transportation

fuels

Handles any organic waste - Feed –flexible Technology

(Waste water sludge, MSW organics, food waste, food

processing waste, Agro waste, manure, industrial

waste, mixed non-recyclable plastics, automobile waste

tyres)

Energy efficient: Uses water in waste as a reactant and recovers fertilizer-rich water. No need of drying wet waste

Drop-in renewable crude as product: Energy-dense liquid crude, compatible with petroleum crude. Can be processed in existing refining infrastructure. No change required in engine technology

Energy-rich and drop-in nature of liquid renewable fuel makes process economically sustainable

RCAT-HTL produces “Drop-in” liquid fuel

RCAT-HTL Waste collection and Processing Existing Refinery

Infrastructure

Jet

Diesel

MFO Green

Drop-in Crude


5

Criteria Specified for SAF RCAT-HTL

Drop in fuel

Produced from Sustainable Feedstock such as

• Agricultural and forestry residues

• Municipal solid waste

• Used cooking oil

• Material category of fossil waste material

including Waste plastic, end-of-life tyres

Does not contribute to adverse climate change Conserves an ecological balance- Feedstock requires

Limited Fresh water, No deforestation, No

competition with needed food production

Same supply infrastructure- No additional Capex Does not require the adaptation of Aircraft or

Engines

Reduction in Lifecycle Carbon Emissions

Scalable feedstocks are key to Sustainable Aviation Fuel growth

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)


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Raw material assurance: Rising waste generation (despite best efforts to reduce waste)

guarantees waste as a resource for sustainable production of SAF.

Co-processing wastes: Besides MSW organics, RCAT-HTL can co-process agro waste,

bio-solids from water treatment plants, thereby improving profitability of the business

Business potential: Using RCAT-HTL, MSW organics alone has potential to produce

700-1000 million barrel of sustainable aviation fuel (30%-40% of world’s ATF demand).

First mover advantage: Being “first mover’, business partners will have added advantages.

Besides economics, contribution to societal cause is much more significant.

Business Potential


Waste million tons

per annum

Food Waste 1066

Agro waste 820

MSW 2000

Paper mill waste 40

RCAT-HTL

Sustainable Liquid Fuel

4 to 5 billion barrel including 1.4 – 1.8 billion barrel aviation fuel

60%-80% of World’s current ATF demand

Global Scenario

RCAT-HTL is a sustainable technology, addressing Climate-Energy-Water nexus

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ETP Sludge

Food Waste

MSW

Agri residue

Spent wash Alage B/m

Feed Processing

Sequential

HTL

RCAT HTL

BioJet BioDiesel

Existing Refinery

Infrastructure Or

Hydrotreating/FCC

Protein Extract

Poly

urethane

Arginie

Production

Carbs Recovery

Cosmetics Health

Food

Typical Bio refinery


Step 1: Feed stock collection, transport and processing suitable for RCAT HTL

Step 2: Sequntial HTL- Oil quality enhancement by removal of hetero atoms (N and O) from bio-oil

Step 3: Biomass convert to biocurde by RCAT HTL and transport to common facility for upgradation

Step 4 : Integration with existing refinery set-up Or independent hydrotreating /Hydrocracking to Bio-jet or Bio-diesel

High throughput – Low CAPEX

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Biomass to Energy- Technology comparison

Catalytic Pyrolysis

Fermentation Ethanol

Dry Biomass to Electricity 1 KG = 1.7 kWh = 1465 KCAL Thermal eff = 27%

Dry Biomass to HC Fuel 1 KG = 280 GRAM = 2960 KCAL Thermal eff = 56%

Dry Biomass to Ethanol 1 KG = 252 GRAM = 1780 KCAL Thermal eff = 34%

Power Generation Power

*Wet Biomass to Biocrude 1 KG = 500 GRAM = 3475 KCAL

Thermal eff = 66% RCAT- HTL

Gasoline/Diesel/Kerosene

RCAT-HTL Biocrude *In case of wet feed (>80% water) except HTL and AD, all other processes become energy negative


Anaerobic Digestion

Biogas = 2890 KCAL , Overall Thermal eff = 48%

Biogas to Electricity = 1.25 kWh Overall Thermal eff = 18% Power

Biogas

Biogas

Any organic

waste

agri-residues,

bagasse, lignin, food,

dairy waste, etc.

ETP Sludge

Food Waste

Dairy waste

Agri residue

Converting biomass to energy-dense liquid hydrocarbons is more efficient

9 Copyright © 2019 Reliance. All rights reserved.

Assessment with Competing technologies

RCAT-HTL Scores higher among all Technologies

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RCAT-HTL: Catalyst Development at RIL

No Catalyst

1st Gen Catalyst

2nd Gen Catalyst

3rd Gen Catalyst

2012 2013 2014 2015

Bio oil yield

Bio oil yield

w/o Catalyst Heterogeneous Catalyst

X Low yield Increase in oil yield X Low cat. Recovery X Complex Reactor design

Homogeneous Catalyst

Catalyst recovery Higher stability Catalyst recyclablility

Homogeneous Catalyst

RCAT- HTL, spin-off technology from algal research. It provides sustainable solution

for wet waste valorization. Over 125+ Homo- & Heterogeneous catalysts evaluated

Current 3rd Gen Catalyst increased bio-oil yield by 20-25%


11

4ml

300 ml

2L

1 6 14 33 34 Cumulative Patents

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

First expt.

at RIL

1X

75X

500X

RIL’s Proprietary

catalyst

RIL’s

Upgradation

catalyst

Reaction

pathways

Knowledge Development Technology Development Business Development

TRL 1 TRL 2 TRL 3 TRL 4 TRL 5 TRL 6 TRL 7 TRL 8 TRL 9

Cont. Operation

Bench Scale

2018

Pilot (Y) Semi-commercial (200 Y)

Kinetics &

Molecular Model

to predict yield

RCAT-HTL

Integrated Pilot Plant

in Industrial Set-up

Y

200Y

Semi-commercial plant for waste

Pilot unit

NAABB

RIL-Genifuel-PNNL

6500X

Technology Review

Validation

RCAT-HTL

Development

Process Design

& Scale-up

Economic Sensitivity $/bbl

Capacity - TPD(700 : 300 : 100)

Yield (60% : 50% : 40%)

slurry w/w % (25% : 20% : 15%)

Tipping Fee $/wet ton(-20 : -10 : 0)

NG price $/mmbtu (5 : 10: 15)

Technology proven at large Pilot scale. Next step : Commercialization by scaling from Y to 200Y and

achieve profitability at scale

RCAT-HTL Development at Reliance

Commercialization


12

Role of Reliance till date Role of Reliance in RCAT-HTL Commercialization

Plant

Capacity

Lab

Scale

Continuous

Bench

Scale

Largest of its

kind Pilot plant First Demo plant First Commercial plant nth Commercial plant

Design Concept - to - Commissioning End-to-End Technology support: Technology information package,

Feasibility study, Process Design Package, Start-up and Commissioning Support

Feed Feeds tested : Algae, Food waste, Industrial

sludge, Distillery effluent MSW, Bio-sludge, Agro-waste, Animal Manure, Lignin residues

Specialize

d Expertise

Kinetics & Molecular Modeling, Stochastic

modeling and Techno-economic Analysis,

Life cycle analysis (LCA)

Support in efficient operation of plants by providing in-house expertise,

Continuous R&D to spearhead technology advancement in future

Revenue

Turn around Success as a business

Success as a new product

Product Launch

Technology Transfer

Cu

mu

lati

ve

pro

fit/

loss

Research Development

Commercialization 2011

2019

Source : Forbes

Time

Investor

Funding

RCAT-HTL Commercialization plan


13

Waste as a sustainable feed

In 2016, world generated 2 billion tons of MSW, including

242 million tons of plastic waste (source: World Bank Report 2018).

Existing waste disposal processes – Landfilling, Incineration,

biomethanation - have limitations. Wet waste and mixed waste worsen

the situation.

In developing countries, wet waste is rapidly increasing. Waste has

inbuilt Energy, Water and Nutrients. All are lost, when waste is not

treated well. Global cost due to food waste alone is $ 2.6 trillion (source

FAO 2014)

RCAT-HTL is feed flexible. Overcomes limitations of existing

technologies and recovers energy, nutrients and water.

RCAT-HTL provides Sustainable Solution to growing waste problem (3.7 bn tons by 2050)

Ref:World Bank, “What a Waste 2.0 : A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050. Urban Development” ,2018, Lisa Yao, Perinaz Bhada-Tata, and Frank Van Woerden.

ASPECT COST (US DOLLARS)

Economic 1 trillion

Environmental 700 billion

Social 900 billion

Total 2.6 trillion

GLOBAL COSTS OF FOOD WASTE

(FAO 2014)


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Summary

Technology proven at large scale pilot plant and ready for commercialization.

RCAT-HTL is more feed-flexible – can handle both dry as well as wet biomass/waste by

co-processing or independently

TO

Rising waste is a global concern.

RCAT-HTL can convert 80% of

MSW components into drop-in

green crude

Drop-in green crude from RCAT-

HTL can be processed in existing

refinery to produce transportation

fuels including SAF. Avoids extra

Capex for refining, transport and

distribution

30+ patents

Concept-to-Commissioning &

Scale up expertise

AI based Kinetic Models

End-to-End Solution to

Entrepreneurs. Due diligence and

head-to-head assessment done

with competing technologies

Golden Peacock Award for

Eco-Innovation 2018.

Global Clean Energy Award

2018 – Clean technology/Solution

Recognized by many global institutes/companies

Enormous business potential –

Production of SAF from only MSW

using RCAT-HTL can meet 30-40%

of global ATF demand


Thank You

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Any statement, opinion, prediction, comment, or observation made in this

presentation/publication are those of the presenter/author only and in no condition

should be construed necessarily representing the policy and intent of Reliance

Industries Ltd. (RIL).

The information presented herein are of the presenter/author’s own and in no way

RIL attracts any liability for any inconsistency or irregularity in terms of the

accuracy completeness, veracity, or truth of the content of the

presentation/publication. In addition, RIL shall not be liable for any copyright

infringement and misrepresentation for the presented content as the content is

presumed in good faith to be a creation of presenter’s/author’s own mind.

The scope of this presentation/publication is strictly for knowledge sharing

purposes and not necessarily to provide any advice or recommendation to the

audience/readers. Any endorsement, recommendation, suggestion, or advice

made by the presenter/author shall be in his personal capacity and not in

professional capacity as an employee of RIL. Any person acting on such

endorsement, recommendation, suggestion, or advice will himself/herself be

responsible for any injury/damage.

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