european ict poles of excellence eipe - european ......2014/07/04 · orbis (bureau van dijk) 5....

JRC-IPTS / CONNECT joint project nr 31786-2010-06

Giuditta De Prato & Daniel Nepelski Institute for Prospective Technological Studies - IPTS Joint Research Centre - European Commission www.jrc.es / is.jrc.es

Disclaimer: The views expressed are those of the presenter and may not in any circumstances be regarded as stating an official position of the European

Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this

presentation.

European ICT Poles of Excellence

EIPE

Project overview & results

IPTS

Part of the JRC of the EC

Mission

“to provide customer-driven

support to the EU policy-making

process by developing

science-based responses

to policy challenges that have

both a socio-economic as well as

a scientific/technological

dimension”

European Commission – Joint Research Centre

Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS)

Overview of the EIPE project Mapping ICT in the EU City sights of 5 EIPEs London, Paris, Darmstadt, Dublin & Copenhagen

General findings

Some implications

Summary

3


General findings

Some implications

Summary

4

The question:

What and where

are the European

ICT

Poles of world-class

Excellence?

The challenge:

to identify places generously endowed in ICT activities

across the whole of Europe

on the basis of quantitative indicators..

The EIPE project

5

Agglomeration Globalisation Networking

Use of acknowledged databases and techniques Documented and standard modus operandi

Fully based on available quantitative data Development of indicators

European-wide data used Location data aggregated for 1303 NUTS3 level regions

ICT as technology and as industry ICT R&D, but also Innovation and Businesses

27 Member States; World MNEs; Global networks 42 indicators; 3 sub-indicators; 1 EIPE Composite

Indicator

The project provides a new perspective on ICT activities in Europe

European coverage/ Global and broad scope

ICT focus

Locational purpose

Quantitative approach

Transparent methodology

Founded in past and current literature

The EIPE project

6

Defining the object of investigation:

The European ICT Pole of world-class Excellence (EIPE)

The geographical agglomeration of best performing

Information and Communication Technologies R&D, innovation and business activities,

located in the European Union, playing a central role in global networks

Definition

7

Business

Innovation

R&D

Agglomeration

Internationalisation

Networking

ICT Activities

Ch

ara

cte

risti

cs

of

ICT

acti

vit

ies

Methodological framework

Crépon, Duguet & Mairesse – CDM – Model (1998)

1. R&D centre location (HIS iSuppli)

2. REGPAT (EPO/OECD)

3. QS World University Ranking

4. ORBIS (Bureau van Dijk)

5. European Investment Monitor

(Ernst&Young)

6. Venture source (Dow Jones)

7. FP7 (DG Connect)

8. Web of Knowledge (Thomson

Reuters)

42 Indicators

Indicators

Fully based on a set of acknowledged,

available and broad encompassing

primary data sources

9

ICT R&D activity


Agglomeration

Internationalization

Networking

• Universities

• Ranking of IT faculties

• R&D expenditures

• FP7 funding

• Location of ICT R&D centres

• ICT-related publications

• QS World University Ranking R&D

• Orbis (Bureau van Dijk)

• FP DB (DG CONNECT)

• R&D centre database (IHS iSuppli)

• Web of Knowledge (Thomson R.)

• ICT R&D centres owned by

companies from a region located

abroad

• ICT R&D centres located in a

region owned by foreign companies

R&D centre database (IHS iSuppli)

Network analysis of

R&D collaboration

Framework Program funding

(DG CONNECT)

Measurement Data source Characteristic

ICT Innovation activity

Agglomeration


Networking

• Investment in intangibles

• VC financing

• ICT patents

• Orbis (Bureau van Dijk)

• Venture Source (DowJones)

• REGPAT (EPO-OECD)

International co-inventions

REGPAT (EPO-OECD)

Network analysis of

international co-inventions

REGPAT (EPO-OECD)



ICT Business activity

Agglomeration


Networking

• Employment

• Number of affiliates of ICT SB firms

• Turnover

• New business investments

Orbis (Bureau van Dijk)

EIM (Ernst & Young)

International affiliates in a region

Affiliates located abroad


Network analysis of

business locations




Generating the EIPE Identity Card of each of the 1303 regions

Indicators

ICT R&D Agglomeration

indicators

ICT R&D Internationalisation

indicators

ICT R&D Networking indicators

ICT Innovation Agglomeration

indicators

ICT Innovation Internationalisation

indicators

ICT Innovation Networking indicators

ICT Business Agglomeration

indicators

ICT Business Internationalisation

indicators

ICT Business Networking indicators

ICT R&D composite indicator

ICT Innovation composite indicator

ICT Business composite indicator

EIPE composite indicator

..and the EIPE composite indicators

Indicators


General findings

Some implications

Summary

15

Mapping ICT in EU

EIPE Indicator Final Ranking (> 40)

16

Mapping ICT in EU

EIPE Indicator Final Ranking (> 40)

17

201

454

327

124

72

52

2511 8 8 3 7 2 3 2 1 3

0

100

200

300

400

500

Fre

qu

en

cy

0 20 40 60 80 100

18

Mapping ICT in EU

EIPE Indicator Final Ranking: Frequency

1st tier

40<EIPE<100: top 34 regions

2nd tier 3rd tier

EIPE

Atlas of ICT activity in Europe

28

Mapear la actividad TICs

en Europa

Benchmarking

Perfiles detallados y

casos de estudio

..mas allá de mapear

Concepts

Methods

Data & Information

The EIPE Tool

Mapping ICT activity

in Europe

Benchmarking locations

Detailed profiles

Beyond Mapping

A monitoring tool to measure and assess

the ICT activity in Europe

The EIPE tool


General findings

Some implications

Summary

29

Rank NUTS3 code Region name EIPE CI

1 DE212 Munchen, Kreisfreie Stadt 100

2 UKI12 Inner London - East 98

3 FR101 Paris 96

4 DE122 Karlsruhe, Stadtkreis 80

5 UKH12 Cambridgeshire CC 79

6 SE110 Stockholms lan 78

7 DE711 Darmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt 73 8 NL414 Zuidoost-Noord-Brabant 71

9 FI181 Uusimaa 70

… … … … 14 ITC45 Milano 59

15 DE300 Berlin 59

16 IE021 Dublin 57

17 NL333 Delft en Westland 56

18 DEA21 Aachen, Kreisfreie Stadt 56

… … … … 20 UKM25 Edinburgh, City of 51

21 DE111 Stuttgart, Stadtkreis 51

… … … … 24 DK011 Byen Kobenhavn 49

25 BE100 Arr. de Bruxelles 49

… … … …

30 DE712 Frankfurt am Main 44

City sights

Business

Innovation

R&D

Agglomeration

Internationalisation

Networking

ICT Activities

Ch

ara

cte

risti

cs

of

ICT

acti

vit

ies

Crépon, Duguet & Mairesse – CDM – Model (1998)

City sights Activity Characteristic Name of Indicator Indicator ID Rank

R&

D

Agglomeration

Universities ranked in the QS University Ranking AgRD 1 18

Academic ranking of a Computer Science faculty AgRD 2 7

Employer ranking of a Computer Science faculty AgRD 3 3

Citations ranking of a Computer Science faculty AgRD 4 6

R&D expenditures by ICT firms AgRD 5 7

FP7 funding AgRD 6 18

FP7 participations AgRD 7 17

FP7 funding to SMEs AgRD 8 18

FP7 participations by SMEs AgRD 9 17

Location of ICT R&D centres AgRD 10 314

Ownership of ICT R&D centres AgRD 11 16

Scientific publications in Computer Science AgRD 12 4

Internationalisation Outward ICT R&D internationalisation IntRD 1 16

Inward ICT R&D internationalisation IntRD 2 260

Networking

Degree in ICT R&D network NetRD 1 4

Closeness centrality in ICT R&D network NetRD 2 4

Betweenness centrality in ICT R&D network NetRD 3 7

Eigenvector centrality in ICT R&D network NetRD 4 5

Innovation

Agglomeration

Investment in intangibles by ICT firms AgIn 1 15

Venture Capital financing to ICT firms AgIn 2 1

ICT patents AgIn 3 372

Internationalisation International co-inventions IntIn 1 561

Networking

Degree in ICT innovation network NetIn 1 50

Closeness centrality ICT innovation network NetIn 2 30

Betweenness centrality ICT innovation network NetIn 3 76

Eigenvector centrality ICT innovation network NetIn 4 11 Busin

ess

Agglomeration

Location of ICT Scoreboard Headquarters AgBuss 1 20

Ownership of ICT Scoreboard affiliates AgBuss 2 6

Location of ICT Scoreboard affiliates AgBuss 3 1

Location of ICT firms AgBuss 4 1

ICT employment AgBuss 5 5

Growth in ICT employment AgBuss 6 82

Turnover by ICT firms AgBuss 7 5

Growth in turnover by ICT firms AgBuss 8 1264

New business investments in the ICT sector AgBuss 9 2

Internationalisation Outward ICT business internationalisation IntBuss 1 27

Inward ICT business internationalisation IntBuss 2 2

Networking

In-degree in ICT business network NetBuss 1 1

Out-degree in ICT business network NetBuss 2 5

Closeness centrality in ICT business network NetBuss 3 2

Betweenness centrality in ICT business network NetBuss 4 4

Eigenvector centrality in ICT business network NetBuss 5 1

ICT R&D activity

London

• Strong public research infrastructure with high scientific output

• Computer Science faculties high on the employer ranking

Indicator ID

Name of indicator Rank London universities in QS university ranking

AgRD 1 Universities ranked in the QS University Ranking

18

1. Goldsmiths, University of London

2. King's College London

3. University College London

4. Queen Mary, University of London

AgRD 2 Academic ranking of a Computer Science faculty

7 University College London

AgRD 4 Citations ranking of a Computer Science faculty

6 Goldsmiths, University of London

AgRD 12 Scientific publications in Computer Science

4

Total number of publications

% in EU total

10436 8%

Research organizations with the highest number of publications

1. UNIVERSITY OF LONDON (3537)

2. IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON (1787)

3. COLLEGE LONDON (1314)

4. KINGS COLLEGE LONDON (1284)

ICT R&D Agglomeration: Universities & bibliometrics

City sights

ICT R&D activity

London



• Rather average participation in FP7

ICT R&D Agglomeration: FP7 funding and participation Indicator

ID Name of indicator

Rank

AgRD 6 FP7 funding 18

Total amount of funding (in Mln of Euro) % in EU total

358 3.06%

1. UNIVERSITY COLLAGE OF LONDON (50) 2. IMPERIAL COLLEGE (33) 3. NEC EUROPE LTD (32) 4. QUEEN MARY (25) 5. BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS (18)

AgRD 7 FP7 participations

17

Number of participations % in EU total

879 2.94%

1. IMPERIAL COLLEGE (133) 2. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON (98) 3. NEC EUROPE LTD (64) 4. QUEEN MARY (47) 5. BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS (41)

AgRD 8

FP7 funding to SMEs

18

Total amount of funding (in Mln of Euro) % in EU total

68 2.86%

1. THE SHADOW ROBOT COMPANY LIMITED (2.7) 2. AVANTI COMMUNICATIONS LIMITED (2.4) 3. GOV3 LTD (2.1) 4. IC FOCUS LIMITED (2.1) 5. Q-SPHERE LIMITED (1.8)

AgRD 9 FP7 participations by SMEs

17

Number of participations % in EU total

213 2.93%

1. GLOBAL SECURITY INTELLIGENCE LIMITED (6)

2. THE SHADOW ROBOT COMPANY LIMITED (6)

3. GOV3 LTD (5)

4. IC FOCUS LIMITED (5)

5. Q-SPHERE LIMITED (5)

City sights

ICT R&D activity

London




• Considerable private R&D expenditures and ownership of R&D centers

ICT R&D Agglomeration: R&D expenditures and centres

Indicator ID

Name of indicator Rank

AgRD 5 R&D

expenditures by ICT firms

7

Total amount of funding (in Mln of Euro)

% in EU total

1.044 5%

R&D investors based in London with the highest amount of R&D expenditures

1. TELIT COMMUNICATIONS PLC

2. PREMIER FARNELL PLC

3. ALLOCATE SOFTWARE PLC

4. ARCONTECH GROUP PLC

5. TIKIT GROUP PLC

AgRD 10 Location of

ICT R&D centres

314

Number of R&D centres located in London

% in EU total

n.a. n.a.

Organizations with the highest number of R&D centres located in London

n.a.

AgRD 11 Ownership of

ICT R&D 16

Number of R&D centres owned by firms based in London

% in EU total

39 5%

Organizations based in London with the highest number of R&D centres owned worldwide

1. BAE

2. Invensys

3. Sony-Ericsson

City sights

ICT R&D activity

London





• Strong outward ICT R&D internationalisation

ICT R&D Internationalisation

Indicator ID

Name of indicator Rank

InRD 1 Outward ICT R&D

internationalisation 16

Number of ICT R&D centres located abroad (outside the country) that are owned by

companies' headquarters located in a region

32

InRD 2 Inward ICT R&D

internationalisation 260

Number of ICT R&D centres located in a region that are

owned by foreign companies n.a.

City sights

ICT R&D activity

London






• Important position in the ICT R&D network despite relatively low participation in FP7

ICT R&D networking

Indicator ID NetRD 1 NetRD 2 NetRD 3 NetRD 4

Indicator Name

Degree in ICT R&D network

Closeness centrality in ICT

R&D network

Betweenness centrality in ICT

R&D network

Eigenvector centrality in ICT

R&D network

Rank 4 4 7 5

City sights

ICT R&D activity

Paris

• Diverse public research infrastructure with considerable scientific output

• Computer Science faculties acknowledged for their scientific output

• Very high private R&D expenditures and ownership of R&D centers

• One of the major hubs of the European ICT R&D network

Darmstadt

• Just one university

• Very high scientific output and all by Technische Universität Darmstadt

• Relatively high private R&D expenditures and ownership of R&D centers

• An important, medium-sized node in the European ICT R&D network

Dublin

• Diverse public research infrastructure

• Highly ranked scientific activity

• Weak participation in FP7


Copenhagen

• Two universities

• High private R&D expenditures

• Weak participation in FP7

• Among the top 10% nodes of • the European ICT R&D network

London






• Important position in the ICT R&D network despite relatively low participation in FP7

City sights

ICT innovation activity

London

• Strong investments in intangibles by ICT firms

• A heavy-weight recipient of VC funding: Nr 1 in Europe

• Rather average innovation performance & average low level innovation internationalisation

• An important position in the ICT innovation network with strong connections to the key nodes

Paris

• Very high investments in intangibles by ICT firms

• Nr 2 in Europe in terms of the VC funding

• Rather average innovation performance & the level of innovation internationalisation

Darmstadt

• Relatively high investments in intangibles

• Important recipient of VC funding

• Very strong innovation performance

• Software AG: the local multinational

Dublin

• Magnet for VC funding: Nr 5 in Europe

• Rather low innovation performance

• Well-connected in the ICT innovation network with linkages to Silicon Valle and Japan

Copenhagen

• Very high investments in intangibles by ICT firms

• One of the prime destinations of VC funding: Nr 4 in Europe

• Rather weak innovation performance

City sights

ICT business activity

Paris

• High level of new investments in the ICT sector

• Strong business base in the ICT sector

• Relatively high level of internationalisation of business activity

• One of the key hubs in the ICT business network

Darmstadt

• Strong industrial base in the ICT sector

• Software AG: the local multinational

• Growing ICT activity

• Nr 1 in new investments in the ICT sector

Dublin

• Very vibrant business location

• An important location for foreign companies, e.g. US, UK, Germany

• Strongly embedded in the ICT business network & connected to key nodes in Europe, US and Japan

Copenhagen

• An important location of business activities with 4 ICT R&D Scoreboard headquarters

• Very high number of new investments in the ICT sector

• An important destination for foreign firms, e.g. US, Germany, the Netherland and Norway

London

• "The place" in the business world

• Important center of corporate ownership

• Low business dynamics

• A key place for "doing business" for companies from all around the world

• And THE HUB of the ICT business network

City sights

40

And so on, and

so on…


General findings

Some implications

Summary

41

General findings

43

Paris: ~7% of the total FP7 budget

Darmstadt:

0.2% of the EU Venture

Capital funding

(0.03% of the EU population) Copenhagen:

2% of all new investments in

the ICT sector in the EU

(1% of the EU population)

London:

>5% of EU total R&D by

ICT firms

General findings

44

1

General findings

Paris EIPE Scoreboard

New investments by activity

Lo

nd

on

Darm

sta

dt

Paris

Du

bli

n

Co

pen

hag

en

General findings

46

Darmstadt:

internationalisation of

ICT innovation

>10% of patents cover inventions

developed jointly with inventors from

outside of Germany

Paris: Outward ICT R&D

internationalisation

Dublin: Inward ICT business

internationalisation

>320 (71%) affiliates of top ICT

R&D investors belong to foreign

from outside of Ireland

General findings

47

General findings

Global network of

ICT R&D location


General findings

Some implications

Summary

48

49

Towards policy implications..

European ICT Poles of world-class Excellence show some common characteristics:

1.Concentration / agglomeration Their strength creates problems?

2.Some forms of proximity with neighbouring regions Growth process?

3.Global reach for knowledge and business Role of DSM and "Go global"?

4.Structured networking capacity Join but be selective !

5.ICT activity in close relation to other vertical sectors Diversity can pay off

6.Balanced presence of R&D, Innovation and Business Specialised complementarities?

7.A development rooted in time (decades) No fast emergence

European ICT Poles of world-class Excellence show also diversity in their characteristics:

•In profile (composition, size, specialisation,..)

•In background history (often national, but not only)

•In policies applied (Hands on/off, sectoral, spatial,..)

What do these common characteristis and diversity tell us about tailoring EIPE-related EU-wide policies ?

Torwards policy implications..

50

EIPE policy implications ?

EIPE occupy a justified role in world-class ICT R&D, innovation and business activities

But they deeply lack the necessary "political marketing"

Europe does host several "silicon valleys"

Excellence is not about becoming essential within global networks

EIPE are world-level hubs

Unobservable from the rankings how those hubs co-operate within Europe

Several scenarios are plausible

A European Silicon valley ?

This calls for taking in account the core EIPE, supporting the domestic spillovers, and the EU and global complementarities altogether

FP, ERA or EIT-type policies can try to orient the system

A political will for "new" EIPE might be mistaken

The ranking reflects the slow building up of (local) economies resulting in balanced scores on all activities

The stability of rankings is confirmed by other cases

51

52

Thank

you!

http://is.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pages/ISG/EIPE.html

european ict poles of excellence eipe - european ......2014/07/04 · orbis (bureau van dijk) 5....

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