evaluation of banana varieties for the australian subtropics · 2015. 9. 14. · evaluation of...
TRANSCRIPT
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Evaluation of banana varieties for the
Australian subtropics
Mike Smith, David Peasley, Jeff Daniells and André Drenth
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Australian banana growing areas:
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Australian banana industry at a glance:
Region Production
Hectares Tonnes Percentage No. Farms
North Queensland 11,360 322,600 93% 301
New South Wales/SEQ 1,100 10,400 5% 356
Other regions 420 7,000 2% 56
Total 12,890 340,000 713
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Australian banana industry at a glance:
Region Diseases
TR4 STR4 R1 Freckle YS BBTV
North Queensland + - + - + -
New South Wales/ SEQ - + + - + +
Western Australia - + + - + -
Northern Territory + - - + + -
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• Cavendish (AAA) account for over 90% of the domestic fresh market
• Lady Finger (AAB) approximately 5%
• Other varieties include Sucrier (AA), Ducasse (ABB), Plantains (ABB), Red Dacca (AAA), Goldfinger and Little Gem (AAAB)
• Bananas are largest single horticultural industry in Australia with annual farm gate value of approximately AU$500m; production is only for domestic market
Australian banana industry at a glance:
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• Australian Banana Growers’ Council (ABGC) is Australian banana industry’s peak national representational organisation– Policy, biosecurity, RD&E, pest and disease management,
supply chain issues and banana marketing
• Funded through a compulsory levy on sale of fruit– 1.7 cents per kilo
– 0.54 ¢/kg directed to RD&E
– Matched $ per $ by Australian Government
• Horticulture Innovation Australia (HIA) manages the Australian banana industry’s RD&E and marketing programs
Industry funding and support for RD&E:
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• Lower productivity compared to northern producers but closer to major metropolitan markets
• Product differentiation on the market
– Smaller, sweeter fruit
– Varieties better adapted to subtropics
– Grown locally/sold locally
• Urban pressures put constraints on operational procedures and land availability for farming
• Shortage of labour and ageing workforce
What are the big issues for Australia’s
subtropical banana growers?
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The big issues
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Varieties currently grown commercially in the
Australian subtropics
Williams (Cavendish, AAA)
Lady Finger (AAB)
Ducasse (ABB)
Goldfinger, Little Gem (AAAB)
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• Screening site at Duranbah, NSW, for Fusarium wilt R1
evaluation and ‘clean’ site for agronomic performance
What varieties are currently under
evaluation in the subtropics?
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Results from Race 1 evaluation:
Variety Rating (1-6)
Internal symptoms: Plant Crop
Internal symptoms:1st Ratoon
Williams 1.0 a 1.0 a
GCTCV-105; GCTCV-217 1.0 a 1.0 a
Cocos 5.5 c -
IBP 5-B; IBP 5-61; IBP 12 5.8 – 6.0 c -
Hom Thong Mokho 1.1 a 1.2 a
Lady Finger 4.8 b -
Little Gem 1.0 a 1.0 a
FLF-1 1.0 a 1.0 a
High Noon 1.3 a 2.7 b
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• A range of Gros Michel and Lady Finger types have been
evaluated for their resistance to Fusarium wilt Race 1
– Little Gem and FLF-1 (a local selection from FHIA-18?) have shown
a high level of resistance and excellent productivity in the subtropics
– Hom Thong Mokho has shown partial resistance and consistently
rates highly in taste panels with high brix but is cold susceptible
Results from Race 1 evaluation:
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• A range of Cavendish types, and other varieties from Race
1 trial, are being evaluated for their productivity in the
subtropics
– DPM-25 was an irradiated Dwarf Parfitt (R1 & STR4 resistant extra-
dwarf Cavendish) with partial resistance to STR4 and cold tolerance
Current trial is evaluating agronomic
performance in a ‘clean’ block
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• 4 Cavendish selections from the Canary Islands
• 3 Cavendish somaclones from TBRI,Taiwan
• 3 Cavendish selections from Israel
• 6 AAA hybrids from CIRAD, France
• AAAB hybrids from EMBRAPA, Brazil?
What varieties are in the pipeline for
evaluation in the subtropics?