Evolution of Technology

CONTENTSWHAT IS TECHNOLOGY ???CASE STUDY ON EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGYREFERENCE

What is TECHNOLOGY ???

Technology is the usage and knowledge of tools, techniques, and crafts, or is systems or methods of organization, or is a material product (such as clothing) of these things. 

Case Study on Evolution of TechnologyPalm Island

Flyovers

Bridges

Dynamic Architecture

The Palm Islands

These are artificial island

in Dubai, United Arab Emirates

PALM ISLANDS

Commercial &

Residential Infrastructu

res

Constructed By: Nakheel Properties

MARINE CONTRACTORS: JAN DE NUL & VAN OORD

U.A.E. hired drudging ships from Belgian & Dutch

CONSTRUCTIONInitially a breakwater is made in the sea and sand

is sprayed on it in beds.The sand is sprayed by dredging ships. Each rock was placed individually by a crane,

signed off by a diver and given a GPS coordinate.The Jan De Nul Group started working on the

Palm Jebel Ali in 2002 and had finished by the end of 2006.

There are approximately 10,000,000 m3 of rocks

in the slope protection works.

There are three PALM ISLAND•Palm Jumeirah

•Palm Jebel Ali

•Palm Deira

PALM JUMERIAHIt has a crown with 17

frondsDimension: 5 km * 5 km

1400 villas2500 shoreline apartments

Palm Jebel Ali50% larger than PALM

JUMERIAHDue to financial crisis

price of properties were reduced by 40%

Palm Deira8 times than PALM

JUMERIAH5 times than PALM

JEBEL ALIDimension: 14 km to

8.5 kmIt has 41 fronds

FLYOVERS

What is a FLYOVER ???

An overpass (called a flyover in the UK and most Commonwealth countries) is a bridge, road, railway or similar structure that crosses over another road or railway.

Overpass:

Higher Capacity

Lower Capacity

Underpass:

Higher Capacity

Lower Capacity

CAPACITY•Number of lanes•Measured traffic count

World’s 1st flyover : 1842By : London and Croydon RailwayPlace : Norwood Junction Railway Station.

BRIDGES

A bridge is a structure built to span a valley, road, body of water, or other physical obstacle, for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle. Designs of bridges vary depending on the function of the bridge and the nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed.

What is a bridge???

•Nineteenth-century Chicago's geography presented unusual requirements.

•A narrow river, with low banks, ran through the heart of the city, requiring frequent crossings.

•Yet the navigable river was one of the world's great ports, and the low bridges had to accommodate frequent passage of masted ships.

HISTORY

A new type of bridge, the Scherzer rolling lift bridge, was designed in 1894 for the Metropolitan West Side Elevated Railroad and nearby Van Buren Street crossings.

At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the city had 37 operable street drawbridges, including 5 over the Calumet River, opened nearly 30,000 times a year.

OPERABLE BRIDGES

DYNAMIC ARCHITECTUREWorld’s 1st SKYSCRAPER

What is DYNAMIC ARCHITECTURE ???

Dynamic architecture is a product of architecture which is in motion.

The Dynamic Tower The Dynamic Tower is also known as Dynamic Architecture building or the Da Vinci Tower.

The Dynamic Tower  is a proposed 420-metre (1,378 ft), 80-floor tower in Dubai,United Arab Emirates. It is under construction.

THE ASTONISHING FEATURES OF THE TOWER. Uniquely each floor of this tower will be able to rotate independently which will result in constantly changing shape of the tower.

Each floor of the tower is designed to rotate a maximum of 6 meters per minute and 90 minutes per rotation.

The entire tower will be powered from wind turbines and solar panel.

Enough surplus electricity  should be produced to power five other similar sized buildings in the vicinity. The total construction time will be more than 30% less than a normal skyscraper of the same size

REFERENCE

www.wikipedia.comGoogle images

www.youtube.com

Abha SinghHarisankar. KNisha SinghPiter BiswasK.M.Sonia