AResearchIns,tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Experience with Residential Solar & Electrical

Storage after a Hurricane

DannyParker,FloridaSolarEnergyCenter

November2019

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

PredictedfutureweathershiCfromIPCCReport:

Hurricanesarelocaldisasterthreat,butthereareothers:-Earthquake-Wildfire-IceStorm-Brownout/Blackout

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

OurhomeinCocoaBeach:Whiteroof,Solarhotwater,PV-pumpedpooland6kWPVsystem

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

DailySolarvs.ConsumpSon:2017Outage:Haveit,can’tuseit…

IrmaNoPowerforaweek

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Problems&Headaches

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

InstallaSonoftwoTeslaPowerwall2son22May201913.5kWhea.=27kWhStorage

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

WhatisPowerwallinstallaSon?

TwoPW2s:14kWMax;10kWcon4nuous

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

CostofPowerwall2•  Cost:$6,700ea+$1,100gateway•  CostoftwoPowerwalls:

–  $18,100turnkey–  Wouldhavebeen$10,600for

singlePowerwall–  Installcosts=$3-4K+

•  6kWPV+Powerwall=$30K:$21KaZertaxcredit–  Saves$1000ayear–  Reducesemissions

•  Context:–  Wholehousegeneratorcancost

$15Kinstalled–  Savesnothing,needsannual8me&

maintenance,coststooperate,increasesemissions

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

NoPower:ConvenSonalOpSons?•  PortableGenerator:$500-$1000

–  Upto4000Wout–  Refrigerator,lights,chargers–  5gallonsofgas/24hours–  Noisy,usesalotoffuel

•  InverterGenerator:$1000-$2000–  2000-6000Wout–  Refrigerators,lights/chargers–  3-5gallonsoffuel/24hrs–  Quieter,cleanerpower,lessfuel

•  Danger:Carbonmonoxide•  Wholehousegeneratorcost:

$7-$15Kinstalled–  Naturalgas,propaneordieselfuel–  Requirelargetankfordiesel–  Expensiveandrequiremaintenance

•  E.g.DieselfueluselessaZer2years

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Wantedtropicaldepressiontotest,notCategory5Dorian!

Moral:BecarefulofWhatyouaskfor…

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

LisaSesdownherboatsinthecarportwiththeTeslaPowerwalls.ShedrivesaFordCmaxEnergiwith20milesofbaaery

range(Level2Chargeronthewall)

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Ourhomeallshuaered:September3rd,2019

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

PowerwallAppshowing2kWbeingproducedbysolar;1.3kWgoingtogridandthehouseelectricloadat0.7kW

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Performanceofsolar,grid,storageandhomeenergysystemson3Septemberashurricaneapproached

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

HurricaneDorianpassesbytheEastCoastofFloridaon4September2019.BluedotmarksourlocaSon

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

MeasuredrooCopwindspeedonSept3-4asHurricaneDorianapproaches

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

4Sept.2019:Performanceofsolar&PowerwallsystemduringHurricaneDorian.Closestapproachat4AM

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Interiortemperature(orange)andrelaSvehumidity(blue)insidehomefromSept-3rd-9th,2019

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Performanceofsolarsystem,homeandPowerwallaCerstorm:September5th

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Home,SolarandPowerwallPerformancefromSeptember3-8,2019

SeptDate

HomekWh SolarkWhPowerwallkWh

GridkWh

From To From To

3 21.7 13.4 0 0.6 14.2 5.3

4 12.7 6.5 3.4 13.2 4.1 0.1

5 21.6 21.5 8.9 14.4 0.2 0.1

6 25.1 24.4 9.8 9.1 0.2 0.2

7 21.5 24.9 11.0 8.5 0.1 0.5

8 23.7 24.5 12.3 1.1 0.1 0.1

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

UsingaLevel1chargerwithsolarthedayaCerHurricaneDoriantoaddrangetoanElectricCar

Level1ChargerAdds5milesrangePerhourwithexcesssolar+2ndAircondi,oner,Laundry&dishwasher

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Disaster?Solar+BaaeriesWork•  PV+baderieswork•  Costofstorage=$11-$18K•  Wholehousebackuppowercosts

$5-$15K+needfuel•  Keyishomeefficiency•  Withlowpowermini-splitheat

pumps:coolen8rehome•  Key:minimizenightloads:LED

ligh8ng,lownigh8mecooling•  Helpedbyefficiency

–  Heatpumpwaterheaters–  Goodwindowsandinsula8on=low

cooling•  Possibletooperateindefinitelyby

controllingloads WithPV:PowertoburnwhenPVoutputishigh

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Solar&storage:equityissues•  Disasteraffectseveryone•  Affordingsolar/storage?•  U8li8esprovideincome

dependentrebates?

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

OtherElectricalStorageSystems•  Othermanufacturers&baderychemistries

•  Outback:Lead-acid/Li-ion•  Sonnen:(LiFePO4baderychemistry)–  Crestone&Control4EMS

•  16kWh:$22.8K

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

•  MostnetmeteringinFL–  Retailrate

•  Changes:JacksonvilleElectricAuthority(JEA)–  Netmeteringwasatretailrate

•  $0.105/kWh•  Nowincrementalfuelcost$0.0325/kWh

•  $2000incen8vetoinstallstoragewithsolar

•  Realincen8vetoincreaseself-consump8onofsolar

Solar&ElectricalStorage:ReducedNetMeteringCompensaSon

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Economics:HowdoOpSonsCompare?

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

What’sNeededGoingAhead?•  Storagecoststofallsignificantly,butfixedinstallcostshi((~$3-4K)–  Complexelectricalchallenge(sub-panel)

–  Onesizesfitsone•  Emergencyuseofcarbadery(Vehicle-to-House)

•  U8lityprogramstoaddressequityissues

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

Solar&ElectricalStorage:Value

•  DemandCharges•  TimeofUse(TOU)rates

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

WhatDuckCurve?SelfConsumpSonMode

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

HowMuchSolarEachDay?•  ~23kWhperday

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

MeasuredhousetotalloadsonThursday,August29th.BlueishouseloadsinkW,whitetogrid,greentoPowerwall,yellowissolaroutput.(Therecurrent

square-wavesinhousepoweristhehomemainrefrigeratorcycling)

FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida

IncreasingNumberofMajorHurricanes