experiencing english 2. oxford university unit 1 famous universities harvard university cambridge...

Experiencing English 2

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Univ

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UnitUnit 11Famous Famous

UniversitiesUniversities

Harvard University

CambridgeUniversity

Princeton University

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Unit 1Famous Famous

UniversitiesUniversitiesIn this unit, you willIn this unit, you will

first listen, and then talk about famous universities;

read about Oxford University and Stanford University;

learn new words and expressions; summarize both Passage A and Passage B; understand both Passage A and Passage B; visit Culture Salon for the mission

statement of Birmingham University and a tradition of Princeton University;

check goals.

Unit 1 Famous Universities


• Lead in

• Dialogue Samples

• Passage A

Teaching procedures

I. Listen and Talk

II. Read and Explore

III. Culture Salon

Related Information

Notes to the Text

Summary of the TextWords and Expressions

Understanding the Text

Think About It

home

ListeListenn



TalkTalkandand

Part IPart I

Directions: Listen to the following passage and try to fill the missing words. Click here to listen.



Famous universities are located all over the world, and they attract students from all over the world, too. Oxford and Cambridge are the two oldest universities in Britain with a history of Oxford 1.___1100s. Princeton was established in 1746 and is 2.___ in Princeton, New Jersey, a state on the east coast of America. MIT began in 1861 and is located in another 3.___state, Massachusetts. Stanford is a famous university in California. In 1891, Mr. and Mrs. Leland Stanford wanted to 4.___a university in the west where young men and young women could 5. ___ a degree. They donated many acres of land to the establishment of Stanford. It is one of the largest campuses in America today.

Harvard is the oldest university in America 6. ___ many historic buildings and an 7. ___ of American history. Students 8. ___ Harvard have more than 40 areas of undergraduate studies to choose from. There are schools of medicine, business, design, law, public health, public policy, to 9. ___ a few. First year students, called freshmen, are required to live on campus. Sophomores and upper classmen can choose off campus living in an 10. ___ or a house. There are many activities students can participate in from music to sports to student government.



keys 1. dating back to 2. located

3. eastern 4. establish

5. earn 6. surrounded by

7. atmosphere 8. attending

9. name 10. apartment



Dialogue SamplesDialogue 1 Going to the School LibraryKey words and patterns: ◆May I help you? ◆What class are you talking? ◆It’s no problem. ◆It’s pleasure to meet you. ◆I hope to see you around campus. ◆Thanks again for your help.



Dialogue 2Talking About the Examkey words and patterns: ◆How are your studies going for the final

exam coming up? ◆How come you haven’t studied for it? ◆We could have pair study sessions. ◆That sounds like just the thing I need. ◆I’m available on Monday, Tuesday, and

Thursday afternoons.


UniversitiesUniversities Directions: Listen to the following paragraphs and decide which picture is described in detail. Click here to listen.



These six pictures show one of the faces of six famous universities. Discuss them with your classmates.

1. How much do you know about Oxford University?2. What do you know about John Harvard and his statue

at Harvard University?3. What other famous universities around the world can

you describe to your classmates?

ReadRead



ExplorExploree

andand

Part IIPart II

Passage A

Oxford UniversityOxford University





Words and Expressions of passage A 1.award v. give, especially as the result of an

official decision eg: She’s been awarded a scholarship to st

udy at Oxford. n. something ,esp. a prize or money, gi

ven as the result of an official decision eg: an award of $5000 to these injured in the

explosion 2. Challenging a. needing the full use of on

e’s abilities and effort eg: a challenging problem


Experiencing English 2 eg: She finds her new job very challenging

challenge v. (to) 1)invite sb to compete against one in fight , match, ect.

eg: I challenged him to a game of tennis. 2)to question the rightness of eg: She challenged the authority of the court. 3. competition n. ( with, between, for) eg: a crossword competition eg: There was intense competition between th

e journalists to get the story.



eg: He was in competition with some world-class runners, so he did well to win the race.

compete v. (with , against, for) try to win sth in competition with sb

eg: She and her sisters are always competing for attention.

competent adj. having the ability or skill to do sth.

eg: My secretary is perfectly competent, but she doesn’t have much initiative.

competitive adj. based on, or decided by competition

eg: the competitive nature of private industry


Experiencing English 24.corporate a. forming a single body 合为一

体的 eg: The university is a corporate body forme

d by several different colleges.5.diploma n. (in) eg: She has a diploma in high education. 她取得了教育学文凭 . diplomatic adj. eg : the diplomatic service 外交部门 dipl

omatic relations 外交关系6.distinct a. 1) clearly different or separate (f

rom)



eg: Those two ideas are quite distinct from each other.

2) clearly seen, heard, understood, etc; noticeable.

eg: There is a distinct possibility that she will be appointed as a director.

distinction n.1) (between) clear differenceeg: I can’t see any distinction between the

se two cases. 2) excellenceeg: a writer of real distinction distinctive adj. clearly marking a person o

r



thing as different from others. 有特色的 . eg: She has a very distinctive way of walking.7.elect v. choose (someone) for an official po

sition by voting eg: She has been elected to the committee.

They elected him as President. They elected him President. They elected her to represent them on th

e committee. 8. eligible a. fulfilling the necessary conditio

ns (for, to) eg: Is she eligible for marriage leave?


Experiencing English 2 Anyone over 18 is eligible to vote.

9.enterprise n. 1) willingness to take risks and do things that are difficult, new, or daring 进取精神

eg: I admire their enterprise in trying to start up a new business.

2) an organization, esp. a business firm.

eg: This company is one of the largest enterprises of its kind.

enterprising adj. having or showing enterprise

eg: It’s very enterprising of them to try and start up a business like that.



10.equip v. 1) make able, fit, or prepared (for) eg: Your education will equip you for your f

uture life. 2) to provide with what is necessary for doi

ng sth. eg: a well-equipped /poorly-quipped hospit

al11.exchange n. giving and receiving in retur

n (something of the same type or equal value) eg: He gave an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.


Experiencing English 2 exchange rate= rate of exchange 汇率

12. exploit v.1) use for advantage 利用 eg: exploit the country’s mineral resources 2) use a person unfairly for one’s o

wn profit or advantage. eg: The firm exploits its workers disgracefully.

13. facilitate v. help; make easy or easier 有助于；使容易

eg: The new underground railway will facilitate the journey to the airport.

14. facilities n. things such as buildings, shops, or services that are useful or helpful to do



something （提供方便、服务等的）设施eg: The school has excellent sporting faciliti

es.15. fellow n. a high-ranking member of an O

xford or Cambridge college 16. grant v.1) give especially as a favor 授予补助金；助学金 ; 恩准

eg: They have been granted permissions to pull down the old theatre.

17. Higher a. more advanced, especially in development, organization, or knowledge needed

18. historical a. connected with history as a study



19. innovation n.1) the introduction of new things 创新

eg: If our industry shy away from innovation, we will never compete successfully with other countries

2) a new idea, method. eg: recent innovations in printing techniqu

es20. institution n. an organization, usually a l

ong-established or well respected one 社会机构



21.joint a. shared by two or more people 共同的

eg: We did it together; it was a joint effort. joint venture 　合资项目22. minimum n. the smallest number, amou

nt, etc. 最小量 minima or minimumseg: This price is her minimum; she refuses to

lower it any further. maximum n.



23. property n. something which is owned 财产

eg: That car is my property; you mustn’t use it without my permission.

24. pursue v.1) continue steadily with 继续从事，追求

eg: She is pursuing her studies at the university.

2) follow, esp. in order to catch, kill or defeat

eg: The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner.


Experiencing English 225.rigorous a. 1) strict; painful; severe

eg: the rigorous hardships of the journey. 2) careful, thorough and exact eg: The planes have to undergo rigorous saf

ety checks. 26. scheme a. 1) a formal, official, or busines

s plan eg: propose a new health insurance scheme 2) a clever dishonest plan 阴谋 eg: a scheme to escape taxes27.specialized a. suitable or developed for o

ne particular use 专门（化）的



eg: Don’t try doing it yourself; it requires specialized knowledge

specialize v. (in) limit all or most of one’s study to a particular subject

eg: After she qualified as a lawyer, she decided to specialize in contract law.

Passage A



Lead-in PicturesLead-in PicturesBefore reading Passage A, describe the following pictures .

Quad o

f B

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Students at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, prepare to receive their academic degrees. The sashes of their gowns are lined with different colors of silk, designating each student’s respective college or field of study.

Sundial on College Building



Lead-in QuestionsLead-in Questions

1. What do you know about Oxford University? Share what you know with each other.

2. How do you like your university professors and lecturers to do their teaching?3. Have you ever received a scholarship? Do you think universities should try their best to provide their students with more scholarships? Explain.

(Click the button below to go to each part.)



Notes to the TextNotes to the TextClick the following words to listen to the text.

Listen to the whole text. Listen to paragraph 1.Listen to paragraph 2.Listen to paragraph 3.Listen to paragraph 4.Listen to paragraph 5.Listen to paragraph 6.Listen to paragraph 7.Listen to paragraph 8.Listen to paragraph 9.Listen to paragraph 10.Listen to paragraph 11.Listen to paragraph 12.



Summary of the TextSummary of the Text

Oxford is one of the world's most famous universities. It began in the 1100's. In 1999-2000 it had over 16,300 students in 35 colleges and 5 private halls. Each college has its own buildings, teachers, and students. But the university grants the degrees, not the colleges. Oxford has students from over 130 countries. Rhodes and Marshall Scholarships are among the ways foreign students may attend Oxford.



Summary of the TextSummary of the Text

Competition for admission and financial aid is intense, but students of all backgrounds are strongly encouraged to apply. Recently Oxford has won a national innovation award and formed an international distance education partnership with Stanford and Yale. Oxford is a leader in research, while also promoting good teaching with individual tutorials and small group interactions.



Understanding the TextUnderstanding the Text

1. How many international students are studying at Oxford?

About 4,000 international students are studying at Oxford.




2. How are colleges at Oxford governed?

Colleges at Oxford are governed by their own heads and fellows.




3. What does a tutor do?

A tutor supervises the students' course of study and meets with them every week.




4. Are good students often granted a scholarship?

Not necessarily. Because most of the scholarships are restricted to certain nationalities and/or courses.




5. Why did the students and staff visit more

than 3,700 schools and colleges in 2001?

They visited those schools in order to encourage the brightest and best students to apply to Oxford.




6. How is Oxford cooperating with Stanford and Yale?

They are cooperating on a joint 'distance learning' venture.




7. Would you like to study at Oxford University if you have an opportunity? List as many reasons as you can think of.

Open.



Oxford University 　

Oxford University is the oldest university i

n Britain and one of the world's most famous institutions of higher learning. Oxford University was established during the 1100's. It is located in Oxford, England, about 80 kilometers northwest of London. 　

　



The university has over 16,300 students (1999-2000), almost a quarter of these students are from overseas and more than 130 nationalities are represented. It consists of 35 colleges, plus five private halls established by various religious groups. Three of the five private halls are for men only. Of the colleges, St. Hilda's and Somerville are for women, and the rest are for men and women. 　



At Oxford, each college is a corporate body distinct from the university and is governed by itsown head and fellows. Most fellows are college instructors called tutors, and the rest are university professors and lecturers. Each college manages its own buildings and property, elects its own fellows, and selects and admits its own undergraduate students. The university provides some libraries, laboratories, and other facilities, but the colleges take primary responsibility for the teaching and well-being of their students. 　



] Each student at Oxford is assigned to a tutor, who supervises the student's program of study, primarily through tutorials. Tutorials are weekly meetings of one or two students with their tutor. Students may see other tutors for specialized instruction. They may also attend lectures given by university teachers. Students choose which lectures to attend on the basis of their own special interests and on the advice of their tutors. 　

　 The university, not the individual colleges, grants degrees. The first degree in the arts or



sciences is the Bachelor of Arts with honors. O

xford also grants higher degrees, diplomas, and certificates in a wide variety of subjects.

　 The Rhodes scholarship program enables students from the United States, Canada, and many other nations to study at Oxford for a minimum of two years. The British government grants Marshall scholarships to citizens of the United States for study at Oxford and other universities that are located in Britain.



The competition for scholarships and grants is, however, extremely strong and there are usually strict requirements. Students should check carefully that they are eligible to apply for a particular scholarship before making an application as most of the schemes are restricted to certain nationalities and/or programs. 　　 The students and staff at Oxford are actively involved in over 55 initiatives (2001), including visits to more than 3,700 schools and colleges, to encourage the brightest and best students to apply to Oxford, whatever their background. 　



The university has been named the UK's most innovative university in the Launchit 2001 competition, which aimed to discover which British university has demonstrated the greatest achievements in innovation and enterprise across the broadest range of activity. In the national Teaching Quality Assessment exercises for 2000, Oxford was awarded top marks in six out of ten subjects assessed. 　 Oxford, Stanford and Yale Universities have recently become partners in a joint 'distance learning' venture, the Alliance for Lifelong Learning, which will provide online courses in the arts and sciences.



The mission of Oxford is to aim at achieving and maintaining excellence in every area of its teaching and research, maintaining and developing its historical position as a world-class university, and enriching the international, national, and regional communities through the fruits of its research and the skills of its graduates. 　



In support of this aim the university will provide the facilities and support for its staff to pursue innovative research by responding to developments in the intellectual environment and society at large; and promote challenging and rigorous teaching which benefits from a fruitful interaction with the research environment, facilitating the exchange of ideas through tutorials and small-group learning and exploiting the University's resources in its libraries, museums, and scientific collections, to equip its graduates to play their part at a national and international level. 　



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions1. represent: stand for or be a sign or

symbol of

Examples:

• The foreign minister represented the country at the conference.

• Each dot on my map represents a town.



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions2. consist of: (no passive) be made up of

Examples:

• The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

• That area's future weather pattern might consist of long, dry periods.



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions3. establish: set up

Examples:

• Father established this business forty years ago.

• Public schools for girls were established in some places.



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions4. elect: choose (somebody) by voting

Examples:

• They elected him to represent them.

• We must urge that delegates be elected from the various factories in a district.



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions5. facility: aids, circumstances, which make

it easy to do things

Examples:

• One of the facilities our students have is a large library.

• This kitchen has a garbage disposal and other modern facilities.



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions6. assign: give as a share or duty

Examples:

• They assigned me a small room.

• Two pupils were assigned to sweep the floor.



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions7. enable: make able

Examples:

• This train enables me to get there in time.

• This would enable them to double their output of machine guns.



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions8. apply: write to ask for (a job,

membership, etc.)

Examples:

• He has applied for a post in England.

• I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions9. demonstrate: show clearly by giving

proof(s) or example(s)

Examples:

• The salesman demonstrated the new washing-machine to the customers.

• These figures clearly demonstrate the size of the economic problem facing the country.



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions10. enrich: make rich, improve (in quality,

flavor, etc.)

Examples:

• An education enriches the mind.

• American culture has been enriched by European immigrants.



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions

11. at large: as a whole

Examples:

• The people at large wanted peace.

• The country at large is hoping for great changes.



Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions12. benefit from / by: gain by; receive

advantage from

Examples:

• Who would be most likely to benefit from the old man's death?

• You will benefit by taking a holiday.



Notes to the TextNotes to the Text

1.Each student at Oxford is assigned to a tutor, who supervises the student's program of study, primarily through tutorials. (para. 4)

Each Oxford student has a private supervisor who advices and instructs the student in a one-to-one basis.

在牛津，每个学生都配有一个导师，主要通过导师制监督学生的学习。



Notes to the TextNotes to the Text2.Students should check carefully that they are el

igible to apply for a particular scholarship before making an application as most of the schemes are restricted to certain nationalities and/or programs. (para. 7)Students should make sure that they are qualified for applying for a particular scholarship because most of the plans will only accept applicants from some specified nations and/or majors.

学生们在申请某一项奖学金之前应仔细核查是否有资格，因为多数奖学金对学生国籍和（或）课程都有限制。



Notes to the TextNotes to the Text

3.In support of this aim the university will provide the facilities and support for its staff to pursue innovative research by responding to developments in the intellectual environment and society at large. (para. 12)To help meet this goal the university will give financial and technical support to its teachers in their advanced scientific research for developing the academic environment and the society as a whole.

为了实现这个目标，学校将针对智力环境和整个社会发展的需要，为员工提供进行创新研究所需的设施和支持 .



Oxford University Oxford is a unique and historic institution. As the oldest English- speaking university in the world, it

lays claim to eight centuries of continuous existence. There is no clear date of foundation, but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167, when Henry II banned English students from attending

the University of Paris.



Harvard University Harvard University established in 1636 by

vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Harvard was named after its first benefactor, John Harvard, of Charlestown, Massachusetts. Upon his death in 1638, the young minister left his library and half his estate to the new College. In 1639, in recognition of John Harvard's bequest, the Great and General Court ordered "that the college agreed upon



formerly to be built at Cambridge shall be called Harvard College."

Founded 16 years after the arrival of the Pil

grims at Plymouth, the College has grown from 9 students with a single Master into a University with an enrollment of more than 18,000 degree candidates.



UNIVERSITY HALL In 1884 Samuel

J. Bridge presented the University with a bronze statue of John Harvard as co

nceived by Daniel Chester French. The statue is nicknamed "The Statue of Three Lies.“



The Fogy Museum

SCIENCE CENTER



Tsinghua University Situated on several former royal gardens

of the Qing Dynasty, surrounded by a few historical sites in northwest Beijing, is the campus of Tsinghua University. The garden-like landscape, with the Wanquan River meandering through, has inspired and motivated generations of students.

Tsinghua University was established in 19

11 originally as "Tsinghua Xuetang," a



preparatory school for students who would be sent by the government to study in univ

ersities in the United States. The school was renamed "Tsinghua School" in 1912. The university section was instituted in 1925 and undergraduate students were then enrolled. The name "National Tsinghua University" was adopted in 1928, and in 1929 the Research Institute was set up.



Benefactor: person giving ( esp. financial) support

Estate: property consisting of land and usu. a large house

Bequest: money or property that is bequeathed (leave to a person in a will)

Conceive: think, imagine



United KingdomUnited Kingdom

United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy in northwestern Europe, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. England is the largest and most populous division of the island of Great Britain, making up the south and east. Wales is on the west and Scotland is to the north. Northern Ireland is located in the northeast corner of Ireland, the second largest island in the British Isles. The capital of the United Kingdom is the city of London, situated near the southeastern tip of England.

http://encarta.msn.com/find/Concise.asp?z=1&pg=2&ti=761553483

Click the flag to listento the Anthem of the U.K.“The God Save the Queen”.



EnglandEngland

England is a political division of the island of Great Britain and the principal division of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It occupies all of the island east of Wales and south of Scotland, other divisions of the island of Great Britain.


Lands End, Cornwall



EnglandEngland

Click the picture to play the video clip.



LondonLondon

London is the capital of the United Kingdom. It is situated in southeastern England along the Thames River. With a population of about 7 million, this vast metropolis is by far the largest city in Europe, a distinction it has maintained since the 17th century.


Thames River, London Big Ben, London



The Houses of ParliamentThe Houses of Parliament

The Houses of Parliament by the river Thames in London. There are two Houses in the Parliament-the House of Lords and the House of Commons, where the elected m

embers of Parliament meet. The words "Parliament" and "the House of Commons" indicate what its function was in the past and what it i

s still today. It's a place for debates between, on the one hand, the government (used to be the king) and on the other hand, the representatives of the communities: the communes, the commons, into which the country was divided. They used to come together to have a dialogue. The king wanted their support and their taxes and they wanted the king to follow their policies and to redress any local grievances. That's what it was in the past, centuries ago and that's what it still is today: a place for debates.

Click the picture to play the video clip.



The Rhodes ScholarshipThe Rhodes Scholarship

Rhodes scholarship is a scholarship for study at Oxford University, a sum of money awarded annually to students from the United States, South Africa, and several Commonwealth countries to help pay for studies in the United Kingdom at Oxford University

http://dictionary.msn.com/find/entry.asp?refid=1861739731



Marshall ScholarshipsMarshall Scholarships Marshall Scholarships finance young America

ns of high ability to study for a degree in the United Kingdom. Up to forty Scholars are selected each year to study either at graduate or occasionally undergraduate level at an UK institution in any field of study.

The scheme allows the Scholars, who are the potential leaders, opinion-formers and decision-makers in their own country, to gain an understanding and appreciation of British values and the British way of life. It also establishes long-lasting ties between the peoples of Britain and the United States. Each scholarship is held for two years.

http://www.marshallscholarship.org/index.html



Yale UniversityYale University Chartered in 1701, Yale Universit

y in New Haven, Connecticut, is one of the oldest and most highly acclaimed universities in the United States. It has a residential college system modeled after England's Cambridge and Oxford universities. The towering Harkness Hall, shown here, houses a 54-bell carillon, one of the largest in the world.

http://encarta.msn.com/find/MediaMax.asp?pg=3&ti=761568610&idx=461568285



The Mission of Oxford The Mission of Oxford

The mission of Oxford: --achieving and maintaining excellence in every area of its teaching and research, --maintaining and developing its historical position as a world-class university, and --enriching the international, national, and regional communities through the fruits of its research and the skills of its graduates.



The Homepage of OxfordThe Homepage of Oxford

http://www.ox.ac.uk/



Goal CheckingGoal Checking On a scale of A to E, where A stands for "very well", B for "well", C for "moderate

ly well", D for "not very well", and E for "not at all", rate how well you have achieved the goals set at the beginning of this unit.

A B C D E talk about famous universities A B C D E understand the two reading passages A B C D E use the new words and expressions A B C D E write about Oxford University and its colleges A B C D E use the subjunctive mood A B C D E fill in the application form A B C D E comprehend the meaning of the missions and traditions of the uni

versities

If you have given yourself a C or lower rating on any of these goals, please: -visit the Experiencing English website for additional help. -review the section that you found difficult. -ask your teacher for extra help. -work with a peer or form a study group to reinforce your progress.



Culture SalonA Tradition of Princeton University

The Tiger emerged as a symbol of Princeton, ironically, not very long after Woodrow Wilson's class, at its graduation in 1879, gave the College a pair of lions to guard the main entrance to Nassau Hall. The growing use of the tiger -- rather than the lion -- as Princeton's totem has been ascribed by Princetonians of that period to two things: the College cheer, which, like other cheers of that time, contained a ``tiger'' as a rallying word; and the growing use of orange and black as the college colors.

The tiger also began to appear in Princeton songs, beginning with “The Orange and the Black,'' written in the late 1880s by Clarence Mitchell 1889: "Although Yale has always favored The violet's dark hue, And the many sons of HarvardTo the crimson rose are true,We will own the lilies slender, Nor honor shall they lack, While the tiger stands defenderOf the Orange and the Black."



Culture SalonMission Statement of Birmingham University

- We will maintain an international reputation for the highest quality of scholarship and research for academic excellence.

- We will attract and welcome students of the highest ability to study in a wide range of disciplines and will give encouragement and support to them and to all the staff who work with them.

- We will continue the tradition of making a university education available to the members of any community able to benefit from it.

- We will, through changing times, maintain an unswerving commitment to truth, wisdom and academic freedom.

Thank You!Thank You!

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