EXPERIMENTAL DOMESTICATION Morpho Functional

approach

of skeleton

development

in captivity

Cucchi T., Puymerail

L.,

Adriaensen

H.

,Baly, I., Blanc B., Callou

C., Cornette R., Herrel

A., Lecompte, F.,

Locatelli Y., Macchiarelli

R., Ortiz K., Pellé

E., Rabier R., Renaud S., Roux P. Simon R., Tresset

A., Vigne J.D.

Documenting early steps of animal domesticationwith morphological markers remains a challenge

10ky

9ky

8ky

7ky

6ky

PPNA

Khiamian

Natu-fian

EarlyPPNB

MiddlePPNB

LatePPNB

PotteryNeol.

Cal BC

Size decrease Neoteny

Ervynck et al. 2001. Paléorient, 27, 2 : 47–73

Early attempts to find initial domestication signal in bone structure

Drew et al. Science

1971

Claim for diffrerent

hydroxyapathite

orientationin weight

bearing

bones

between

wild

and domestic

sheep/goats

These

results

couldn’t

be

replicated

(Watson 1975,

Zeder

1978)

More likely

the different

of taphonomic

processes

(Watson 1975)

Approach

abandonned….

Bones structure and shape interact with their biomechanical environment during life

After Pearson & Lieberman 2004

Externalforce

Strain

1. Applied

load

2. Sensory

perception

3. Cell

activation

4. Growth

response

+ +++

++

+ ++++++

------ --

Haversian

remodelling

Osteocytes

Osteon

Haversian canal

lacuna

1. Trabecular architecture

2. Cortical bone cross sectional geometry

3. Thin section histology

4. Joint surface analysis

Markers to study bones responses to biomechanical

changes

Recent applications in Zooarchaeology

Anthropozoologica

2007

Journal of Archaeological

Science 2013

DOMEXP: Experimenting

the effect

of captivity

on the skeleton

development

of an ungulate

(Sus scrofa)

DOMEXP(Natural réserve

La Haute Touche)

Paris

5000 m28

m2

MOBILTY

Wild-boar

farm

In vivo

longitudinal record of skeletal

changes with

computarised

Tomography

(CT)

CT1

CT2

CT3

CT4

CT5

CT6

CT7

CT8

8 CT per individual

over 2 years

Bones

of interest

and phenotypic

markers

Trabecular architecture

Cortical bone

Joint surface

Hypothesis

tested

and outcome

Hypothesis : Animals that experience a reduced mobility during their growth

are predicted to display a different bone structure and formcompared to a wild population

The plastic signal willvary according to the intraskelton

location

The plastic signal willbe greater in shaftand trabecular than

in joint surface

The reduced mobilityduring growth

will induce differentontogenic trajectories

Biomarkers of captivity applicable to the zooarchaeological

record

Method

1 : geometric

cross-section and morphometric

mapping

of cortical bone

0

1

1,9mm

6,5mm

post. lat. ant. med. post.80%

25% perimeter

Bondioli et al., American Journal of Physical Anthropology 2010Puymerail et al. Journal of Human Evolution 2013

Method

2: geometric

morphometric analysis

of Bone

surfaces size and shape

Generalized

Procrustes

Superimposition

Size ShapeBody mass

LandmarksSemilandmarks

Method

3: Trabecular

bone

structural analysis

Trabecular

bone

morphometric

variables

1.Degree

of Anisotropy

(DA)2.Trabecular

number

(Tb.N)

3.Trabecular

thickness

(Tb. Th)4.Connectivity

density

(Conn. D.)

Volume of Interest

Zooarchaeological application

Noyen

: Mesolithic

wild

Sus scrofa

Bercy: Neolithic

wild/domestic

Sus scrofa

Balloy: Neolithic

domestic

Sus scrofa

DOMEXP

YEAR

1YE

AR 2

YEAR

3YE

AR 4

Start : Septembre 2013

End : Septembre 2017

Setting up theExperimental

boar

farm

in a zoological

park

Acclimation

of the piglets

to

their

experimental

envrionment

ICAZ 2014

DOMEXP WEBSITE

Open Acess

database

of 3D images and metrics

LicenseCreativeCommons Conditions 4.0

CC Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND)You are free to download and share it with others as long as you credit us without any changes or commercial uses.

This presentation is under a Creative Commons license Awarding / Thomas Cucchi – CNRS – UMR7209 Archéozoologie,

Archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements Sharing in the same 4.0 International conditions To get a copy of the licence : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

or send a mail to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.

http://creativecommons.org/choose/