Exploration & Colonization Test Review

Why were the 3 main reasons for European exploration?

• Glory• Gold• God

The trade of goods, plants, animals and diseases from Europe to the

Americas was known as the ________________

• Columbian Exchange

The trade of goods from Europe to Africa to the Americas is known as the _______________________

• Triangular Trade

Define mercantilism.

• Countries want to export more than they import to make a profit

What impact did Columbus’ arrival have on the future of America?

• Death of Native Americans• Loss of land• Spread of disease• New land/space for Europeans• New trade routes• New resources

Name some specific effects the Columbian Exchange had on the

Americas

• Crops introduced into the New World (fruit, wheat, coffee)

• Animals like pigs, horses and cattle introduced to America

• Exchange of diseases (like influenza, small pox)• Large influx of people

What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?

• Settled land dispute between Spain and Portugal. Land to West belonged to Spain. Land to East belonged to Portugal.

Explain the connection between the Protestant Reformation and

the settling of the Americas

• Reformation= Church of England• Church of England= Official Religion of England• People want to purify Church of England= need place to do

so• Settle America• Those who did not follow Church of England need to escape

persecution= settle America

What happened to the Lost Colony of Roanoke?

• Unknown• When English returned, no sign of the

colonists was found

Name the 1st permanent settlement in the New World.

• Jamestown

What are headrights?

• Pay for passage across the Atlantic, given 50 acres of land upon arrival in Americas

Which group of people settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

• Puritans

What happened to the Native Americans when the English arrived?

• Death of Native Americans• Loss of culture• Loss of land

Why did the Puritans leave England?

Purify the Church of EnglandLive a better Christian lifeFollow the religion the way they thought it should be followed

The economy of this region was reliant on fishing and shipbuilding.

• New England

What is a cash crop? Give 2 examples.

• Crop grown to be sold rather than for personal use

• Wheat, Tobacco, Cotton

Which region is known as the “Breadbasket”? Why was it called this?

• Middle Colonies• Wheat was the main cash crop

When a person’s passage was paid to the New World in return for 7 years

of work, this is known as _____________________________.

• Indentured Servitude

The southern colonies depended greatly on this type of labor to

work the large plantations.

• Slave Labor

What is the term for when a king/queen leaves its colonies to

govern themselves as long as they are making money?

• Salutary Neglect

What is the Act of Toleration?

• Religious Freedom• Adult, Male Christians have the right to vote

and hold office

What colony was originally settled by the Dutch and was then taken

by the English?

• New York

Name 2 colonies that were formed as an opposition to the strict rules of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

• Rhode Island• Connecticut

Which colony was founded for debtors, former criminals and the poor?

• Georgia

Which colony was originally one but was split into 2 because of political

disagreements?

• Carolinas

Which colony was founded by the Quakers?

• Pennsylvania

Which colony was founded by the Catholics to escape religious persecution

in England?

• Maryland

Which colony was a royal colony ruled by an appointed governor?

• New Hampshire

Which colony was originally 2 colonies that were combined into one?

• New Jersey

Who gave the “City on a Hill” sermon? Where was he from?

• John Winthrop• Massachusetts Bay Colony

Why was there mass hysteria in Salem in the Massachusetts Bay

Colony in 1692?

• Salem Witch Trials

What were 2 reasons that Bacon’s Rebellion began?

• Poor soil/lack of land• Unhappy Indentured Servants• High taxes

What were the 2 outcomes of Bacon’s rebellion?

• Lower Taxes• Slavery expands in the Southern colonies

What is a direct democracy? Give an example that we’ve discussed in class.

• People participate directly in the the rules and decisions making for their group

• Mayflower Compact/Plymouth

What is a representative democracy? Give an example that we have discussed

in class.

• People choose representatives to make decisions on their behalf

• House of Burgesses (Virginia)