f. genova, berlin 7, paris, 2 december 2009 the astronomical information network
TRANSCRIPT
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
The astronomical information network
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
Sharing astronomical data : why (1)
• Major scientific objectives– Long term observations of variable natural phenomena– A large number of objects, complex interactions, many
scales
• Observations with different techniques, at different scales (ground- and space-based observatories, large surveys)Multi-wavelength observations makea significant and increasing fraction of publications
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
Very Large Telescope
Planck
SPITZER
Also: small and mediumsize ground-based telescope
Cosmic background+ objects
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
Sharing astronomical data: why (2)
• Re-using data for scientific objectives different from the original ones, i.e. optimize the science return of large ground- and space-based instruments and of large surveys
IUE (1978-1996): five times more publications from data retrieved in the archive than from the selected observing teams (Wamsteker, Griffin, 1995) – a major precursor
• More than 300,000 queries/day on the CDS services (which are only a part of the global information system)
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
‘Data’ in astronomy
• A huge amount of heterogeneous, distributed ‘data’ (continuum): observations, added-value databases (e.g. CDS’ SIMBAD, VizieR), tools, bibliographic data (academic journals, ADS) – also, theory data
• International partnership to define common standards to share data – e.g. FITS – and links
• A network of on-line information, which begun soon after the advent of the internet, and has revolutionized the way astronomers work
• Early, excellent collaboration between academic journals, data centres and archives to build a ‘bibliographic network’
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
The astronomical data network• Data policy
– Observational data is available after a proprietary period (1 year)
– Academic journals (a few ‘large’ journals)• Table of contents and abstracts freely available• Full content in general available after 3 years – some in open
access• Some data tables immediately available through data centres
• It seems easy – it is so easy to do a web page! BUT lots of work behind the scene: Using and re-using data requires– it is properly described– users are confident in its QUALITY
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
From bibliography to data
The NASA ADS bibliographic database
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
Access to the data in archives (ESA, ESO, NASA…)
Added-value work at the archives to create the links
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
A single view of the tables published in academic journals; Collab. journals + data centres
Catalogues and published tables
A single standard
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
An homogeneous view of very heterogeneous information in a single service
• A new paradigm: published tables = data (1993)• Additional quality checks in addition to referee• Data discovery (Unified Content Descriptors)
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
Courtesy ofM.G. Allen
One among many available tools: tha Aladin portal to imagesUnified access to distributed data bases
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
European strategic exercisefor astronomy:
Astronet Roadmap (2008)
The data/serviceinfrastructure isan important partof the disciplinary infrastructure
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F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009
The astronomy knowledge infrastructure• Science driven information network widely used by the
scientific community• A model based on open access to data and services
(pragmatic open access strategy)• A fully distributed model with no central point
– Agencies responsible for large infrastructures provide data archives – Established data centres provide value-added services and tools– Now smaller, motivated actors are appearing
• Links, portals, access tools• International interoperability standards: a complex task• Mid-term sustainability
– Support to archive/data centres– Support to national projects which work on interoperability (VObs)