factors influencing the processes of exclusion/integration experienced by homeless people. relation...
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Presentation given by Elia Solana Gimeno, ES at the Ninth European Research Conference on Homelessness, "Homelessness in Times of Crisis", Warsaw, September 2014 http://feantsaresearch.org/spip.php?article222&lang=enTRANSCRIPT
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9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Factors Influencing the Processes of
Exclusion/Integration experienced by Homeless
People: Relations between the Type of
Intervention and the Processes
Elia María Solana
Universidad Pública de Navarra, Spain
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9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Issues, current debates
1. Integration processes depending on the social
intervention and profiles. Need for longitudinal
studies.
2. Articulation between structural and personal
factors in processes of integration / exclusion.
3. Autonomy or Institutionalization? Factors
influencing.
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9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Aims
Relate social intervention - integration processes.
Detect influential factors by quantitative and
qualitative assessment of integration processes.
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2 CASE
STUDIES
Methodology
DAY CENTRE
Quantitative process
assessment: needs and
development process
by intervention areas.
RESIDENCE
Qualitative process
assesment: interacting
factors and way of
living
Main source: monitoring
record, also interviews.
Creating tool for recording
information
Main sources:
monitoring record,
meetings, observation
and active
participation.
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First Study Case: Centro S. Miguel, a Day
Centre for Homeless
I. Analysis of the type of
intervention
II. Analysis of the processes
experienced by the homeless
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Annual average of the number of
interventions
Parallel intervention in housing, economic monitoring, employment and government benefits
Housing area: the highest correlations with the others areas
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Employment Economic monitoring
Government benefits
Rights-SS Housing Mental health
Centers Criminal conduct
Drugs and Alcohol
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Number of interventions by gender
Annual average
Number of interventions by origin Annual average
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Men Women
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
National Origin Foreign Origin
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77,2
70,2
70,2
47,4
33,3
21,1
17,5
14,0
5,3
5,3
5,3
3,5
Shelter
Street
Flatshare
Guest house
Institution
Prison
Family housing
Substandard housing
Supervised apartment or protected patron
Partner´s housing
Known house-holds
Appartment
Accommodations homeless have lived in during their stay in the Day Centre
% PSH
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Pe
rce
nta
ge
Increase of shared flatsShared flat Appartment or family flat
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3,4
4,5
Annual Average by Gender
Women Men
STRONG INSTABILITY
Annual average of
accomodation changes: 3.5
2,4
4,1
Annual average by origin
Foreigners Nationals
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Educational Area
Marked gap origin.
It might get a better response:
- Differentiated spaces and several programs according to their needs
- Harm Reduction Program with controlled alcohol consumption for further deterioration profile.
Economic Area
Marked inequality by
gender and origin: less
intervention, signed
agreements and economic
monitoring in immigrants
and in women.
A clear sexual division of
labour
Housing Area
Achievement of intervention: increase in shared flats.
High instability
Worse evolution in
women (greater
deterioration)
Vulnerability of foreign
homeless.
Health Area
- Strong physical and mental deterioration. - Evolution average is negative - Women: more intervention and poorer outcome due to further deterioration - Immigrants: less intervention and less deterioration.
Relationship Area
-Many without familiar links
- Detected relation between
familiar links and be a couple
- More women with a
partner than men.
-Inmigrants: less support
network, conflictivity and
punishable behaviour than
nationals.
- It´s worthy to intervene on
gender violence situations.
Adiction Area
- The treatments show their effectiveness in improving processes.
- Consumption profile: more pronounced in women, less in immigrants
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CONCLUSIONS: process assessment
52% 37%
11%
Processes evolution Positive Negative Remains the same
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Assessment Average of process by areas
Scale (-1,+1)
Development of PSH is primarily related to the health and housing areas.
Relationship between the number of interventions and achievements in all
areas except in Health.
0,14 0,13
-0,05
0,25
0,11
Economy Housing Health Relations Consumption
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Process assesment by areas: better results in men and nationals in all the
analized areas .
Scale (-1, +1)
0,06 0,04
-0,15
0,08
0,04
0,16 0,15
-0,02
0,3
0,14
Economy Housing Health Relations Consumption
Foreign Origin National Origin
0,09
-0,13
-0,21
0,13
0,06
0,15 0,17
-0,02
0,27
0,12
Economy Housing Health Relations Consumption
Women Men
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Other factors influencing the
improvement of integration processes
Signing of agreements
Regular attendance
Length of stay in the center
Total number of interviews/contacts
Report of Gender Violence
Having some, but not many family ties.
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Second Case Study:
Nazaret Residence for single men
Qualitative study:
Factors by intervention areas: how they affect
and how they interact.
Exemplifying cases.
Questions generated in the intervention.
Qualitative assessment of processes by
intervention areas.
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Favorable/unfavorable factors
for independent life
Qualitative description:
15 favourable factors
19 unfavourable factors
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Desires of Independent living
Slept desires
Fears Accompaniment
Mates
Vulnerabillity
Loneliness Failure
Motivation
INDEPENDENT
LIVING
€
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Independent Living: common features
Ilnes Health: they do not want.
Young immigrant with schizophrenia:
cannot do it.
Alcoholic people: fears.
Economic exclusion and lack of
household: independence and
loneliness.
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Conclusions about the integration processes
lived according to the social intervention
Intervention change process change
Accompaniment independence
processes
Plans and agreements: awareness and
involvement-participation.
Difficulty: lack of public resources.
Integrated project promotes mental health
stabilization.
Alcoholism: few achievements and
questions.
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Main factors influencing the improvement of
the process of integration in the residence
With regard to the type of intervention:
Social Accompaniment
Signing of agreements
Working in occupational workshop
Coordination
Personal factors:
Motivation and participation.
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Economic Area
Lack of resources and
policies for independent
living.
Agreements, economic
monitoring and financial
support favour
processes
Housing Area
Independent living
15 factors favour
19 factors difficult
Health Area
The integrated project favours stability in people with mental illness: - Administration of medication - Occupational Workshop - Home Environment
Consumption Area
Economic management slows down further deterioration process while performing. But after that?
It is required a more specific focus for process improvement.
Relationships
Area
Strong difficulty to
create new social
networks.
The total absence
of network causes
isolation and
depression.
Employment and
occupational Area
Chronicity/stability in
occupational workshop.
Difficulties of access to
work and social
occupational or
employment resources.
Scarce performance of
Social Services in
labour integration.
Lack of resources and
policies for independent
living.
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CONCLUSIONS A change in the social intervention involves changing processes of
exclusion/integration: accompaniment generates independence
processes (shared flats in Day Centre and outputs in Residence).
Social accompaniment plans and signing of agreements positively
influence the improvement of the integration processes.
Development of Homeless is primarily related to the health and
housing areas. In the Day Centre, there is a relationship between
the number of interventions and achievements in all areas except in
Health; In the Residence, the integrated project promotes mental
health stabilization.
Men obtain best achievements that women in all analyzed areas,
and nationals better than foreigners (in the Day Centre).