Facts You Should Know about Organ Donation

Dr Priti KapadiaGuptaProfessor and head,

Department of Ophthalmology,Govt. Medical College ,Surat

What’s covered in this presentation

1. Organ donation at a glance2. What organs can be donated3. Who can donate4. How to register to be a donor5. Whom to inform6. Consent process7. Myths to be solved

1. Organ donation is the donation of biological tissue or an organ of the human body, from a living or dead person to a living recipient in need of a transplantation.

IndiaTransplantation of Human Organs and Tissues (Amendment) Bill, 2008 – Drafted by

Ministry of Health.

Living Donors• Kidney• Portion of liver• Portion of lung• Bone marrow

Dead donors• Kidneys• Heart• Lungs• Liver• Pancreas• Parts of the eyes• Skin• Bones

1. To stop commercial dealing in organs especially Kidneys.

2. Accepting Brain death as a definition of death.

3. Define that only the first relative can donate kidneys in case of related kidney transplant operation. 4. Not to reveal details of donor or host .

Strict guidelines are made in the act

The need is great

StateNo. of Deceased

Donors

Total no. of

Organs Retrieved

Organ Donation

Rate per Million

Population

Tamil Nadu 83 252 1.15

Maharashtra 29 68 0.26

Gujarat 18 46 0.30

Karnataka 17 46 0.28

Andhra Pradesh 13 37 0.15

Kerala 12 26 0.36

Delhi-NCR 12 31 0.29

Punjab 12 24 0.43

Total 196 530 0.16

At 1 per million donation rate we would have 1100 organ donors -or 2200 kidneys, 1000 hearts, 1100 Livers, 1100 pancreas and 2200 Eyes. This should take care of almost all current demands for organs in India.

At 2 per million donation rate there would be 2200 organ donors and the above figures would double . There would be no necessity to undertake living kidney donations.

INDIA : ONLY 1300 transplants of organs done till now

Almost anyone can be a donor.

• Organs and tissues accepted from babies to senior citizens

• Medical professionals decide whether organs, tissues and eyes are suitable for donation at time of death

Donation :when Brain death

• A patient who is brain dead is in an irreversible state and is totally dependent on ventilators and has constant need for medications to keep their heart and circulation functioning. Normally in death as we understand, the heart comes to a stop first and the brain cells die within a few minutes due to lack of blood circulation but in brain death the reverse takes place.

Consent :

• opt in" (only those who have given explicit consent are donors)

• "opt out" (anyone who has not refused is a donor..a presumed consent).

One person can help many

• Organs from just one individual can help as many as eight people.

• One person’s tissues can make life better for as many as 50 people.

The system for assigning organs is fair.

• Strict guidelines in place• Severity of illness, length of time on waiting

list, blood type and other matching factors considered

• Race, gender, age, income and celebrity status not relevant

Which patients need organ transplantation:

Kidneys: Glomerular Diseases, Diabetes, and Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis

Liver :Cirrhosis due to viral hepatitis, Cirrhosis due to fatty liver, Cirrhosis due to alcohol, and Cirrhosis due to autoimmune disease

Heart: Coronary Artery Disease, Cardiomyopathy, and Congenital Heart Disease

Lung: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, and Emphysema/COPD

Pancreas: Diabetes

We can officially register and get information

• donatelifeindia.org

• www.dorso.org

• www.mohanfoundation.org

Say Yes to Eye Donation!

Eye donors can belong to any age group or sex.Eye donation is only after death and should be collected within six hours of death.

Eyes (corneas) will be collected at the donors place at any time in the day or night.

Collection, processing and distribution of eyes are done free of cost.

Collection of eyes will take only 10-15 minutes and will not disfigure the face of the donor.

One pair of eyes gives vision to TWO corneal blind people.

Diabetes, Hypertension, Cancer, old age, wearing spectacles etc, are no bar for eye donation.

• 35 million people are BLIND (preventable)

• Out of 3 million corneal blind people 60% are children below the age of 12. Target retrieval of corneas by Eye bank of India is 150,000 corneas per year.