family and the economy
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Family and the Economy. Chapter 9. The Significance of Work. Work is a physical or mental activity that accomplishes or produces either goods or services. How did work change during the industrial revolution-Advent of capitalism Economy ? Types of economic systems - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Family and the Economy
Chapter 9
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The Significance of Work
• Work is a physical or mental activity that accomplishes or produces either goods or services. – How did work change during the industrial
revolution-Advent of capitalism• Economy? Types of economic systems– Being employed leads to a sense of
accomplishment and helps give us an identity.– The ideas of Karl Marx
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Work in the Contemporary United States
• Deindustrialization
• Globalization
• Offshoring
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How the Economy Affects Families-Contemporary Trends
• Low wage jobs• Part time work/Contingency work• Downsizing• Unemployment• Poverty• Homelessness– The new homeless
• Who comes to mind when you think of a typical poor person?
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Income Distribution and Families
• Poverty– Absolute poverty– Relative poverty
• The poverty line?
• Growing inequality in income and wealth– The shrinking middle class– CEO compensation
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Growing Inequality in the U.S.
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Effects of Poverty on Marriages and Families
• Physical health• Mental health• Personal and marital satisfaction• Life span• Most common relational problem?– How does poverty affect a child’s life• U.S. has highest child poverty rate of wealthy nations
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• Why do Americans tolerate such massive concentrations of income and wealth and high levels of poverty?
– Are the richest American families the hardest working?
– Do CEO’s deserve what they get paid?
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The American Dream is one of the most powerful concepts and constructions in American society
The land of opportunity
Meritocracy
“Rags to Riches”
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Effects of Employment on Spouses
• Money as power
• Working Wives– Dual Earner marriages– The mommy track
• Wives who “opt out”
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Two-Income Families
Dual-Earner versus Dual-Career Families– In dual-earner couples, both partners work outside the
home. These couples make up about 55% of the all married couples. Despite their dual incomes, dual earner families are rarely affluent.
– In dual-career families, both partners work in professional or managerial positions that require extensive training or a long-term commitment. The better educated the couple, the more hours they work.
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Three Types of Dual-career Marriages
• HER /his career– Where the wife’s career takes precedence.
• HIS/her career– Where the husband’s career takes precedence.
• HIS/HER career– When the careers of both partners are given equal
status in the relationship.
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Effects of Employment on Children
• Do mothers who work outside the home have a negative effect on their children?
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Effects of Employment on Children
• “Quality” Time
• Day care considerations– Quality– Cost
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Balancing Work and Family
• Gender and Balance
• Role conflict
• Superwoman/Supermom– The “Second shift”– The “Third Shift”
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Global Poverty and The Sociological Imagination
• Half of developing world live on less than $2 a day (2 billion people) and ¼ live in extreme poverty (less than $1.25 per day)– Sub-Saharan Africa– Tremendous inequality between nations and
within nations-The richest 1 percent in the world own 40% of global household wealth; the richest 2% own more than half of global wealth; and the richest 10% own 85% of total global wealth.
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Poverty-Why?
• Why do other industrialized/wealthy nations have lower rates of poverty for female headed families?• Family Friendly Policies?