Farmers in Transition Towards Sustainability: How Can We Speed Up the Process? – a WorldFish perspective

Michael Phillips, Malcolm Beveridge, Wayne Rogers and Steven Hall

Overview

•  sustainability ”ambition” •  experiences •  roles and responsibility •  challenges •  moving forward

Where WorldFish is coming from

•  reduce poverty and hunger by improving fisheries & aquaculture

•  develop and promote aquaculture value chains that:

–  produce food that meets poor consumer needs

–  help reduce vulnerability of poor producers and others involved in aquaculture value chains

–  achieves this without harming the environment and those who depend on it

Achieving sector sustainability

•  challenge! •  social, economic and

environmental dimensions •  multiple approaches

–  certification trajectories as an example

•  inclusive approach considering scales, species and systems

•  markets, public and private

Year

Pro

duct

ion

(milli

on to

nnes

)

20

40

60

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

80

100

120

Pig

Chicken

Fish

Production targets (national data)

Production forecast (this study)

Year

Pro

duct

ion

(milli

on to

nnes

)

20

40

60

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

80

100

120

FAO (2004)Wijkstrom (2003)

IFPRI (2003)Ye (1999)

Fish

•Baseline  scenario

•Technological  advances  in  aquaculture

•Ecological  collapse  of  fisheries

• Global  consumption    remains  at1996   levels  (15.6  kg/y)

• Global  consumption  rises  to  22.5  kg/y

Growing fisheries (0.7% per annum)

Stagnant fisheries

Year

Pro

duct

ion

(milli

on to

nnes

)

20

40

60

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

80

100

120

FAO (2004)Wijkstrom (2003)

IFPRI (2003)Ye (1999)

Fish

•Baseline  scenario

•Technological  advances  in  aquaculture

•Ecological  collapse  of  fisheries

• Global  consumption    remains  at1996   levels  (15.6  kg/y)

• Global  consumption  rises  to  22.5  kg/y

Growing fisheries (0.7% per annum)

Stagnant fisheries

Jonell et al (2012)

Research in development

•  Systems, species, value chains

•  Geography and people –  country and “hubs”

•  Impact and results •  Evidence for outcomes and

impact –  noting -- environmental

outcomes poorly documented

Eastern

Significant opportunity for improvement in environmental performance

.. within species groups

3x difference

… and between species groups

Experiences – Aceh regional approach

•  small-scale commercial shrimp and milkfish

•  bottom of pyramid •  farm improvements delivers

economic, social and environmental outcomes –  aquatic animal disease risk

reduced –  pesticide use reduced –  Fish in Fish Out (FIFO) –  water use, habitats

•  cooperative business model for 20,000 farmers

$10,126  $92,434  

$475,464  

$1,804,103  

$3,096   $52,546  

$233,683  

$1,148,210  

$396,981  

$726,343  $527,156  

$252,900  

0  

200,000  

400,000  

600,000  

800,000  

1,000,000  

1,200,000  

1,400,000  

1,600,000  

1,800,000  

2,000,000  

2007   2008   2009   2010  

revenue  from  all  farmers  (USD$2.39m)  

net  profit  from  all  farmers  (USD$1.44m)  

project  investments  (USD$1.90m)  

Experiences – Cambodia

•  sectoral analysis •  scenario setting for 2030 •  map high and low impact

pathways •  investments needed to

support that

Challenges

•  impacts at scale •  understanding impacts

–  sector –  commodity –  local

•  “inclusive” approach to sector development

•  business not project •  right combination of

investment •  organizations

Vietnam  -­‐ 1  million  freshwater  fish  farms

Moving forward (with emphasis on small-scale…)

1.  Targeting analysis 2.  Investments in transition

and improvements 3.  “Ecosystem” of tools,

knowledge and partners enabling farmers and intermediary organizations

4.  Communications and advocacy of effective approaches

5.  M&E

www.worldfishcenter.org M.Phillips@cgiar.org