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Farming God’s Way Isikhokhelo sokulima imifuno

ngendlela kaThixo

By Grant Dryden

Reproduction Copyright © 2013 GW Dryden Translation Ndzululeka, V., 2014. Copies of this publication can be downloaded from www.farming-gods-way.org Reproduction and dissemination of this publication in unaltered form for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged with the recommended citation below. Reproduction of material in this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is permitted only with written permission of the author, G.W. Dryden – [email protected] Recommended Citation Farming God’s Way Vegetable Guide. Dryden, G.W., 2013. Translation Ndzululeka, V., 2014. Sponsors The Vegetable Guide was sponsored by the Bountiful Grains Trust. The Xhosa translation was kindly sponsored by the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU).

The statements, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this guide are those of the author. Bountiful Grains Trust 109 Fordyce Rd Walmer, Port Elizabeth, RSA IT 949/2007; NPO 061-902; PBO 930025934 Orders To order the training DVD series or printed copies of any of the Farming God's Way resources: Email: [email protected] Telephone: +27 41 5811833

Cover Picture Orscilla Haggard’s vegetable garden, planted and managed by Ation Mari Farming God’s Way Farming God’s Way is a resource given to the wider body of Christ, to serve the poor and deliver them from the yoke of poverty. Motto Motivated by obedience, rooted in compassion and delivered with love. Farming God’s Way Logo The logo has many aspects designed to fully capture the heart of Farming God's Way. The poor across the globe are central in this theme and the orange glow depicts the promise of Isaiah 58 “Your light will break forth like the dawn”, starting with Africa as our core focal point and extending to the remotest parts of the earth. The cross and bowl, symbolise Christ like humility and servanthood, where He was prepared to give up His crown and glory to serve the poor wholeheartedly. The horizontal portion of the cross is golden to represent God’s Blanket protecting and covering the brown soil, which is such an important inheritance to pass on through generations. The vertical portion of the cross is blue to depict the provision of God’s blessing in rainfall passing through the lush green growth and God’s golden blanket, penetrating deeply, filling up the soil profile.

http://www.farming-gods-way.org/

Itheyibhile yokuqulathiweyo Intshayelelo ................................................................................................................................................. 2

Izikhokhelo zophuhliso lwempumelelo yokulima imifuno ngendlela kaThixo ........................................ 3

1.1. Isitiya esizinzileyo sokutyala imiqolo eyi 75cm ukuqaqelana ......................................................... 3

1.2. Umhlaba ophakanyisiweyo kwindawo ethandwa ngamanzi. ......................................................... 4

1.3. Ukulungiselela unkcenkceshelo ngemijelo .................................................................................... 5

1.4. Izityana zokuxhasa amakhaya ngemifuno ..................................................................................... 6

1.4.1. Ukulungisa umhlaba kunyaka wolungiselelo ......................................................................... 6

1.4.2. Umhlaba olungiselelwe unyaka wesibini neminye ................................................................. 6

1.4.3. Ukutyala ............................................................................................................................... 7

1.5. Ukulungisa umhlaba ongangentsimi ............................................................................................. 8

1.5.1. Ukuvundiswa komhlaba kunyaka wolungiselelo .................................................................... 8

1.5.2. Umhlaba olungiswe kunyakawesibini olandelayo .................................................................. 8

1.5.3. Ukutyala ............................................................................................................................... 8

1.6. Ingubo kaThixo ............................................................................................................................. 9

Izitiya zokuxhasa ikhaya ......................................................................................................................10

2.1. Utshintsho lwezilimo ...................................................................................................................10

2.2. Indlela elula yesitiya sokondla ikhaya...........................................................................................10

2.3. Inkqubo yokutyala isitya sokondla ikhaya ....................................................................................11

2.4. Inkcubeko yokutyala imifuno .......................................................................................................12

Imigaqo yemifuno ...............................................................................................................................13

3.1. Imifuno evelisa iziqhamo .............................................................................................................13

3.2. Imifuno evelisa Amagqabi ............................................................................................................15

3.3. Imifuno evelisa Ngengcambu .......................................................................................................17

4. Southern African Summer Rainfall Region Vegetable Planting Guide ...................................................21

5. i-Nursery yezithole ..............................................................................................................................22

6. Ukwenza i-compost .............................................................................................................................24

7. Case Studies ........................................................................................................................................28

7.1. Case Study 1: Martin Dower ........................................................................................................28

7.2. Case Study 2: Vumile Ndzululeka .................................................................................................30

7.3. Case Study 3: Pius Mutie..............................................................................................................31

7.4. Case Study 4: Tess Gebers ...........................................................................................................31

8. Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................32

Esisikhokelo sokulima imifuno ngendlela kaThixo kumele ukusetyenziswa ndawonye nesinye isikhokelo ekuthiwa yi-Farming God’s Way Trainers Reference guide ukuze ihlanganiswe nezitshixo eziseLizwini kunye nasekwenzeni zona eziqinisekileyo ukuba zinako ukosula ngokugqibeleleyo, zaphule zonke idyokhwe eziluxinzelelo olunamandla kubomi bamahlwempu.

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Farming God’s Way Vegetable Guide

Intshayelelo

Esisikhokelo sokulima imifuno ngendlela kaThixo singuvimba, ubugcisa obuvunyiweyo nobulula bokulima ngempumelelo kumahlwempu Ukulima ngendlela kaThixo kungaphezulu kude lee kunesisombululo sobunzulu lwazi yaye eyonanto ibalulekileyo sigxinanisa nkqi kwimigaqo yokwenza lento ubawo ayenzayo ncakasana zona ke ezi zibangela ukuphazamiseka komhlaba kancinci, 100% yokombathiswa komhlaba ngengubo kaThixo, siqinisekise kutshintsho lwezityalo, kwaye siqhubekeke ngokugxininisa kwindlela kaThixo eziselizwini nase kwenzeni. Ilizwi likaThixo lingundoqo ekukhululeni ubomi babantu ebomini, yaye ndiyakukhuthaza ukuba usebenzise izitshixo zelizwi ngokugqibeleleyo rhoqo xa ufundisayo Musani ukusebenzisa ukudla okutshabalalayo, sebenzelani ukutya okuhlalayo kusebomini obungunaphkade oyakunipha kona unyana womntu kuba uyise uThixo utywinwe waqiniselwa yena lowo. YOHANE 6:27 Wathi ke Uyesu isonka sobomi esi ndim, lowo ukholwayo kum akasayi kulamba, lowo ungakholwayo kum akasayi kunxanwa naphakde YOHANE 6:35 Indlela ngeendlela zokuvelisa imifuno zisukela ekwembeni izigingqi, izityalo ezisisangqa, izitiya eziyingxowa, Lasagne garding, ibhedi eziphakanyisiweyo ze compost, ukulinywa nzulu neRotavating, umxube wezichumiso, etc. Ezinye zisebenza kakuhle, ezinye azinako ukunza nantoni na edingekayo Ke singakwazi na ukutyala imifuno na ukutyala imfuno ngendlela kaThixo yezolimo Isitiya sendlela kaThixo yezolimo. Isitiya sendlela kaThixo esilawulwa ngu Antion Mari sibonakalisa emantloko encwadi impendulo yalombuzo. Imifuno ayifani nezinye izityalo

a. Zinexeshana elincinane lokukhula b. Zi-ethe –ethe nengcambu ezingenzulu c. Yaye zisebenzisa isichumiso esininzi Ukuze sibenako ukuphumelelisa ezizidingo kumele ukuba sibenendawo yokuqalisa ezinzileyo netyebileyo, umhlaba olungisiweyo, umhlaba ontlaka-ntlaka kungabi ngoko nyaka wolungiselelo. Abalimi bezityalo zemifuno abanyamezeli kakhulu yaye bathanda ukukhawuleza batyale. Abalimi abaninzi bathanda ukuqalisa ngeyona mifuno inobunzima enokubanika isivuno esingephi. Mayela nemifuno le, yonke into oyiqalisa kwangoko kufuneka ube nokuyiqwalasela yaye uyiqonde uba yiyiphi na.

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Farming God’s Way Vegetable Guide – Xhosa Translation

Izikhokhelo zophuhliso lwempumelelo yokulima imifuno ngendlela

kaThixo

1.1. Isitiya esizinzileyo sokutyala imiqolo eyi 75cm ukuqaqelana

Hlakula isitiya ususe yonke imithana, nokhula, noqaqaqa, ngoku luncothula neengcambu. Ngokukhethekileyo xa unexesha elaneleyo ungalufuthanisela ukhula olunje ngoqaqaqa ngokugalela ingca phezulu kwalo ngange 10cm kwinyanga ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba ulungise umhlaba, ukuze ulutshabalalise lonke ungwengwe. Linganisa wonke umhlaba oza kuwulima uwubiyele, usazinje ukuba kulungile ukuqala kancinane kancinane uye uwukhulisa ngokokukhula kwamava akho. Qiniseka ukuba isitiya sakho asikho phantsi komthunzi yaye sikufutshne namanzi. Zininzi indlela zokutyala imifuno nemiqathango yokulungiselela oko, kodwa sikhethe eyona ndlela elula yokuthi nca kwi 75cm singaphazamisani nokugqagqana kwemiqolo esele ikhona yaye utshinthso lwemifuno silwenze kwakuloo miqolo engatshintshayo, mqolweni minye ukutsho.Le miqolo eyi 75cm ukutsho ilungele imeko zonke ngokufanayo nokuba ngexineneyo okanye egqagqeneyo. Xa utyala imifuno exinanayo enje nge-carrots, onion, ne- beetroot sebenzisa ukugqagqana kwemiqolo okuyi 18.75cm. Yimba imiqolo ibemithathu, owesine uwushiye ungenanto, ushiya i-37.5cm yokuhambahamba phakathi kwemiqolo rhoqo umana ubuyela ekulungiseni laa 18.75mc. Xa ugalela i-compost phezu komhlaba (jonga kulaa ndawo ekuthiwa lulungiso lomhlaba 1.4no 1.5) kubakhona umselana oyi-2cm ubunzulu wenze lula i-18.75cm ukugqagqana kwemiqolo. Green beans, isipinach, rape, lettuce, amaranth kwimiqolo eyi 37.5cm ebangela ukuba ngamagqagqa azo kugqumakale kakuhle. Ke i–egg plant ne tomato ne-pele-pele kunye ne-erityisi i-75cm ilungile, nolunye uhlobo lwe-tomato lulunga kakuhle kwi-1.5m imiqolo. Linganisa ngenkathalo imiqolo ngokuthambeka kwayo i-75cm. Ke ukuba kumhlaba osemazantsi apho amanzi athi eme kuze kubekhona isidaka kufuneka imiqolo ingathambeki koko yehle (qaphela kwi- section 1.2) ngamaxesha amaninzi ukutyala kwiindawo ezizinzileyo kulungile kwindlela yokulima ngendlela kaThixo. Indawo zokuhamba phakathi kwemifuno, nendawo ekutyalwa kuzo ezisigxina, minyaka le apho kusoloko kugalelwa isivundiso rhoqo, ziyawuphakamisa umhlaba. Qiniseka ukuba emva kwe 75cm ubethelela izikhonkwana ezisisigxina macala omabini esitiyeni sakho zize zibeyi 30cm ubude sisinye nokuba yintsimbi okanye uluthi jonga kwiphepha 78kwi-trainer reference guide kwezizitshixo zethu ezokukhokhela kukwenza yonke into (ngezinga eliphezulu) ke ngokugcina lendlela sinezizikhokwane ezisigxina siyakufumana elozinga eliphezulu. “Nako konke enisukuba nikwenza, kusebenzeni ngokwasempefumlweni kunge kuyi Nkosi akukho nakubantu” Kwabasekolose 3:23

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1.2. Umhlaba ophakanyisiweyo kwindawo ethandwa ngamanzi.

Uba unendawo ezima amanzi kufuneka nakanjani uwunyuse umhlaba ngokuba imifuno ayimi emanzini. Umhlaba ophakanyiswayo kufuneka ukuba ube 15cm ubude, ne 100 cm ububanzi ne 120m phaya phantsi , nendawo zokuhamba eziyi 30cm. Qaphela ukuba mibini imiqolo eyi 75cm, lemiqolo ke ingohlulwa ukwenza ibe mithathu eyi 37,5 cm okanye ibe imiqolo eyi 18,75 cm. Kwindawo apho izikhukhula zifikelela khona, jika ukuma kwemiqolo kujonge ezantsi kungathambeki ukwenzela ukuba amanzi angene ngentla aphume ngezantsi kude nezityalo zakho. Wulinganise umhlaba ngesilinganiso (tape measure) nezikhonkwane ezisigxina eziyi 75cm umgca, ulinganise la 30cm yokuhamba ukuze kwenzeke i-100cm ububanzi. Lomhlaba ophakanyisiweyo one-compost ngaphezulu liyakwenza ukuba ingcambu zezityalo zibe kude lee kunamanzi (Jonga kwi-section 1.4.1) Nangona oluhlobo luchasene nokunga wulimi umhlaba, xa olulungiselelo ulwenze ngendlela eyiyo kuqala oko kuyobangela ubenendawo eziphakamileyo ezisigxina ngamaxesha onke. Ke yona ingubo kaThixo ibekwa ngaphezulu.

Umhlaba oqokelelweyo waphakama waba yibedi esisigxina

eyenziwa kwindawo ezima amanzi rhoqo.

75cm

15cm

120cm 120cm

100cm

30cm

75cm75cm

15cm100cm

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1.3. Ukulungiselela unkcenkceshelo ngemijelo Abalimi aba sakhasayo bafumana amanzi ngeempompo ezithile nemijelo yamanzi ethi xa isetyenziswe ngendlela eyiyo inike impumelelo

30cm

120cm 120cm

Indlela ekulungiselwe ukunkcenkceshela ngemijelo

100cm

30cmwalkway

75cm

Water to max 5cm deep per application30cm

walkway75cm15

cm b

asin

dept

h

10cmdeepCanal

100cm 100cm100cm

120cm 120cm120cm

30cmwalkway

30cmwalkway

15cm

15cm

15cm

400c

m

400c

m

400c

m

400c

m

400c

m

400c

m

400c

m

400c

m

Amanzi omjelo ehla lula xa uwalungisele njalo

Cros

s sec

tion

of f

lood

irrig

atio

n ba

sins &

irrig

atio

n ca

nal l

ooki

ng d

owns

lope

15cm basin depth

100cm

120cm

Water to max 5cm deep per application

75cm 37.5cm 37.5cm75cm100cm

30cm

60cm

75cmUbe bemiqolo yezityolo

75cmUbe bemiqolo yezityolo

37.5cmUbe bemiqoloyezityolo

Crop

Water to max 5cm deep per application

Crop

1) Bibilza oludonga oluvale amnzi otsho angene

2) Valela amanzi ngengxowa yenttabathi ukuwajikela amazi aye kwesisiginkqi ufuna aye kuso

3) Wavulele amanzi ade abenobunzulu obuyi 5cm

4) Amanzi amjelo wavulele aye kwelinye icala

5) Phinda uwavale amanzi akwanela rhoqo

6) Afufika kule 5cm ubunzulu avulelwe kwelinye icala

7) Soloko ke uyitshintshela kwenye indawo lengxowa yentlabathi akwanela amanzi

8) Udongo olu oluvala amanzi mane uluvala futhi xa amanzi analeyo

9) Phinda – phinda ke.

Ukujonga kule khonto uvele ecaleni bobume bayo

Imbonakalo yalendlela yolunkcenkceshelo xa ujonge uvele ngentla

Canal Wall

Permanent Peg

Ingubo le ka Thixo isebenza ngempumelelo xa usebenzisa uluhlobo, yaye awavaleleki amatizi okanye amanzise

ngokugqithisileyo60

cm

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1.4. Izityana zokuxhasa amakhaya ngemifuno

1.4.1. Ukulungisa umhlaba kunyaka wolungiselelo Ukukhubela umhlaba Ekuqaleni susa lonke urhexe olubonakalayo, uqhite umhlaba kangangobunzulu bomhlakulo (15 cm deep), uquthe imiqolo oza kutyala kuyo. Faka ifolokhwe yokulima emhlabeni ngangobunzulu i-15 cm uphinde uyikhuphe ude uqiniseke ukuba umhlaba untlaka-ntlaka. Susa onke amatye onokuweva ngale folokhwe, kodwa ungaphazami ngokuwuguqula umhlaba, qha uwuhlakaze ungawuphethulanga. Qhubeka ke nokwenza njalo kuyo yonke i-5 ukuya kwi 10 cm, uxhomekeke ekuqineni komhlaba. Into oyenzayo awulimi luwuhlakaza kuphela umhlaba kulo ndawo ozakutyala kuyo. Lonto i-compost elungileyo futhi nengubo kaThixo ikhona. Qhibezela ngokureyikha (rake) Ukulungisa umhlaba omuncu Imihlaba emuncu itshabalalisa izinongo zomhlaba ezidingekayo ezityalweni ezinje-ngephosphates, yaye ibangele ukungakhuli kakuhle kwezityalo. Ukuze imihlaba enjalo ilungiswe kufaneleke sisebenzise UMTHUTHU WENKUNI, bone meal okanye ilime. Kunzima kakhulu ukulithelekela ubungakanani bomlinganiso ogalelwayo kumhlaba ongaxilongwanga xa ithe yagalelwa okokuqala yaye ne-compost igalelwa minyaka le, ke akudingeki ukuba uziphinde ilime nemithuthu ngenxa yamandla e-compost leyo, ukufafaza i-20 lt yomthuthu wenkuni kwi-6* 6m yesitya. Ukuba usebenzisa ilime uhlwayela malunga ne 10lt kwi-6*6m. Uba umhlaba uludongwe ungaluphakamisa ugalelo nge 1.5. Eyonanto ebalulekileyo ekusebenziseni umthuthu wenkuni okanye ibone-meal zikwanezinye izinongo zongezelekile kwimpilo yezityalo nombala weziqhamo ezo nokomelela. Ukugalelwa kwe-compost ngaphezulu Xa sithetha ngokuphandle, imifuno ikhula kakuhle ngenxa ye-compost ngaphezu kwaso nasiphi isichumiso. Umgquba ungasitshisa isityalo (xa isityalo sisesincinane uze umgquba uchukumise ingcambu okanye isikhondo) Sona isiduli sinamandla angeneno (nangona ezinye izityalo ezinesiqhamo ezinga magqabi zilunga). Xa sithetha nge-compost sitsho eye xabiso eliphezulu, echumileyo, elafu-lafu, eyenziwe ngezinto ezifanelekileyo (section 6 indlela yokwenza i-compost eyiyo). Galela i-compost eyi-10cm kwibedi yesityalo xa usaqalayo.Ayibalulekanga uyigalele icompost kumhlaba osele usetyenzisiwe ngaphantsi kufuneka uyigalele kumhlaba kusasele inyanga phambi kokutyala. Khumbula ukwenza ezizinto “ngexesha elililo” kubaluleke kakhulu. Lena yindlela ebalulekileyo yaye inxulumene nemigaqo yendlela ka Thixo enokuphazamisa umhlaba kancinci nangona izityalo zokuqala zingenako ukukunika ngoko mlinganiselo ophakamileyo kodwa ukugalele icompost phezu komhlaba iwubangela umhlaba ubenesiqalo esilungileyo esinguno bangela womsebenzi ka Thixo ophakamileyo wokuphilisa umhlaba.

1.4.2. Umhlaba olungiselelwe unyaka wesibini neminye Ukugalelwa kwezinto ezingundayo ngamandla lonto eyakubangela uba ubumuncu bomhlaba buthobeke ngokumangalisayo iphinde iwenze umhlaba ilungele ukukhulisa imifuno, ngako oko ukugalela ilime kungabi sadingeka ngaphandle kokuba umhlaba wakho umuncu. Phambi kokuba ugalele enye i-compost kwakho qiniseka ukuba ingubo kaThixo uyisusile uze uyibuyisele emva kokutyala (see section 1.6) .Ukulimela ngaphantsi ingubo kaTHixo ingavundanga ngokugqibeleleyo kunokubangela uba umhlaba ube nengxaki eninzi nakwizityalo ezilandelayo. Ingubo kaThixo ayiyongxaki kodwa ukuyifaka ngaphantsi kwe-compost kubangela ingxaki.

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Ngalinye yisuse ingubo kaThixo kuqala ugalele i-compost, tshitsha-tshintsha iziqhamo, namaqhabi neziqhamo ezisezingcanjini, uphinde utyale uze uyibuyisele ingubo kaThixo. Emva konyaka wolungiselelo i-compost edingekayo ingange 5 cm ukuphakama. Kuyo kudingeka ukuba lento uyiphinda-phinde rhoqo xa uza kutyala ukuqiniseka ngezinongo ezidingwa zizityalo kodwa ke akudingeki oko xa utyala i-carrots ne-onions kunyaka olandelayo ngoba intsalela yonyaka odlule iyonela i-carrots ne-onion.

1.4.3. Ukutyala Emva kwenyanga enye la 10cm ye-compost ibigalelwa emhlabeni izoba ngoku seyixinzelelekile yaba yi-7 cm, ilungele ibhedi yokutyala imbewu itsho intshule kakuhle, kungabikho xinzelelo ludingekayo ngaphambi kokutyala. Ukuba awulungiselanga “ngexesha elililo” beka iplanga eliyi 20cm phezu komhlaba one-compost uhambe phezulu kwalo, phinda-phinda lento kuso sonke isitiya, ngalo ndlela uxinizelela i-compost ngaphambi koba uwulungiselele umhlaba. Ukutyala ngqo-beka kwa iplanga elinye macala onke omqolo uxinzelele, ukwenzela uba ubunzulu bokutyala kufane umz. 2cm kwisipinatshi okanye yomba imingxuma okanye imisele ngokufanelekileyo, faka imbewu uze uyogqumbe nge-compost leyo ude uyixinzelele kancinane. Izithole : jonga u-section 5 “seedlings nurseries”. Ngaphambi kokuba uzikhe izithole qiniseka ukuba uzomelezile ngokuzisusa kwindawo yazo eyogqunyiweyo iveki yonke nokuthoba ukuzi nkcenkceshela kwakho nokuziveza elangeni.

Esona sixhobo silungileyo sokutyala izithole DUBBLE STICK, elikhuni elitsolo lilungele ukutyala izithole emhlabeni. Lona ke kufuneka libebukhali ngaphambili lize ibelikhulu ngasemva, futhi libe likhulu kune zithole, libenayo ke indawo yokubamba, Xa uza kutyala libe lude kodwa bona abatyali bemifuno basebenzisa i20-25 cm ubude bekhuni nokuba yintonga yomtshayelo elungisiweyo.

Nyanzela olulthi emhlabeni ecaleni kwentsontela yokulinganisa ngobunzulu obufanelekileyo, ulikhuphe ufake isithole qho. Ngoku usasiphethe ngesandla yiba ulifaka komnye umngxuma, wakugqiba ukusifaka isithole xinzelela isithole emacaleni ukuze kungabikho moya ophazamisa ingcambu zesithole. Imingxunyana enokudaleka ungayixinzelela ngesandla nangenyawo uba inokuvaleka.

Dibble Stick - T shaped

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1.5. Ukulungisa umhlaba ongangentsimi Entsimi ngaphandle kokuba unee-toni ze-compost, kulungile ukuba i-compost uyigalele kwimingxuma oza kutyala kuyo okanye kwimiqolo ozakutyala kuyo ngendlela yokulima ngendlela kaThixo. Ukwahlula phakathi kwemingxuma nemisele yokutyala kuxhomekeke kwinto oyityalayo.

1.5.1. Ukuvundiswa komhlaba kunyaka wolungiselelo

Ukuhlakazwa komhlaba Kuqala susa lonke urhexe oluvayo ngefolokhwe yokulima ngangobunzulu obuyi 15cm. Faka ifolokhwe emhlabeni ngangobunzulu obuyi 15cm uphinde uyikhuphe ude ubone umhlaba ukuba untlaka-ntlaka uze ungawuphethuli umhlaba. Qhubekeka ukwenza njalo yonke indawo ozakutyala kuyo ukwenzela ingcambu zikhule lula, akudingeki uba uphinda-phinde minyaka le lonto. Izichumiso Izityalo kwindawo zokutyala ezinje ngetomato, pele-pele ne egg plant, yomba imingxuma eyi 10cm ubunzulu ugalele umthuthu wenkuni, ibone meal necetshana le-lime umngxuma ngamnye emva koko ugalele i-500ml ye-compost uze ugalele umhlaba ulingane. Xa ulungiselela izityalo ezembelwa imisele ezinje ngespinatshi i-rape, i-amaranth njalo njalo, yomba imisele engange 8cm ubunzulu, emva koko ugalele icephe lomthuthu wenkuni okanye ibone meal, okanye icetshana le-mile kwi- 60cm. Yongeza i-3lt ukuya kwi 4lt komlinganiselo owamkelekileyo wentsimi oyi-350-500ml nge meter, ngokuba imifuno inexesha elifutshane lokukhula yaye inesidingo esiphakamileyo sesondlo ngesichumiso. Imiqolo yakho emhlabeni yokutyala iyakuguquka ngokukhawuleza ibe kwizinga eliphezulu yaye lixhotyiswe kakhulu ngokuchuma okumangalisayo, eliya kondla usapholwakho nezizukulwana ezizayo qguma lomsele onezozichumiso ngomhlatyana ushiye indawana ozakutyala kuyo imbewu.

1.5.2. Umhlaba olungiswe kunyakawesibini olandelayo Qhubeleka ke ngokungqinelanayo naleminyaka yolungiselelo yemisele okanye imingxuma. Yehlisela ingubo kaThixo ibengezantsi kwemisele okanye imingxuma uphinde ugalele umthuthu okanye i-lime ulandelise nge-compost, gquma ngomlinganiselo womhlaba emveni koko iyakuba imilile imbewu ubuyisele ingubo. Ukuba uchumisa ngomgquba xa utyala kufuneka usoloko ugalela umthuthu weenkuni ne-mile minyaka le kodwa xa usebenzisa i-compost ugalela iminyaka emibini utsibe omnye unyaka ngokubona kwakho isidingo.

1.5.3. Ukutyala Galela imbewu emiseleni okanye emingxunyeni ngokwemilinganiselo uze wogqume ngomhlaba ocolekile nokuba zizithole ngokufanayo, usebenzise I DIBBLE STICK.

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1.6. Ingubo kaThixo

Ingubo kaThixo kufuneka amaxesha onke ibesemasimini ethu noba isesitiyeni esingange 1m2 okanye 100,000 m2 entsimini. Ungasebenzisa nayiphi na evundayo, njengengca yokuthunga, amaqhabi ebhanana, nepalm fronds, namaqhabi asehlathini njalo-njalo, kodwa ke imfungu-mfungu ethambileyo ilungele kakuhle imifuno. Lento ke ikhuthaza impilo yomhlaba, ikhusele uba umhlaba ungabi lodlolo, uthobe nokhukhuliseko lomhlaba, uthobe ukuphephetheka kokufuma. (see page 92-101 trainers reference guide) Ngonyaka wee-1960 s inenekazi elingu Mrs Mulnch, RUTH Stout wabhala ngokucacileyo ngendlela yakhe yokombathisa umhlaba (60cm of straws) entwasahlobo aze atyale phantsi kwaloo mfungu-mfungu eninzi, yena ke wamhlonipha uThixo ngokuthi encwadini yakhe (isitiya ngaphandle kokusebenza) andizange ndakhe mfungu-mfungu ngu Thixo owayakha. Nangona le mfungu-mfungu eqokelelwe ndawonye iyinto eyamkelekileyo ukuze ibenemveliso epheleleyo ithatha iminyaka. Thina ukusebenzisa kwethu lemfungu-mfungu kuqalela kwi-2.5-5cm ukuphakama. Ke malunga neembewu zemifuno, qiniseka ukuba ingubo kaThixo ayiyogqumanga phezulu kwemiqolo, ngoba ezinye iimbewu zemifuno azinawo amandla ngoku pheleleyo okugqobhoza phakathi kwengubo kaThixo xa intshulayo. Isithuba esiyi 5cm yomhlatyana silungile phezu kwemiqolo okanye imingxuma etyaliweyo ukuze imbewu zintshule kakuhle. Yakuntshula ke ulandelise ingubo kaThixo. Kumaxesha apholileyo, ukuntshula kwezityalo kuya khawuleza. Phantsi kwezizathu ezinjalo ilindwe imbewu ide intshule ngokupheleleyo, wandule ke ukubuyisela ingubo ka Thixo.

Coriander

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Izitiya zokuxhasa ikhaya Kwizitiya zokubonisa kude kufundiswe sngazo kubalulekile ukuba kukhethwe ezona zingqinelana nesimo salo ndawo. Ezo zikhethiweyo kufuneka zibe zezo ezikhathaleleka lula zaye zibe nesondlo esaneleyo futhi zomelele zingathintwa zizifo.

2.1. Utshintsho lwezilimo Sahlule isitiya kathathu ngokulinganayo, ibe ngevelisa isiqhamo, amagqabi, nengcambu. Ke ezintlobo ezintathu zingatshintshwa ukuze kufunyaniswe zonke izinto ezixhamlwayo ezichazwe kwi-Trainer Reference Guide, kudityaniswa nokukhawulwa kokuphila kwezinambuzane ne-nitrogen ebakhona kumhlaba ophuculiweyo. Lumkela kwakho ukutshintsha-tshintsha izityalo ngohlobo olunye ngoba izinambuzane ziphila lula kwimeko enjalo umzekelo onjalo ngowokutyala I-cabbage uze ulandelise nge-broccoli kunyaka olandelayo. Owona mzekelo onguwo okhethwe ngokwalenchazo ingasentla nanku: Isiqhamo - imbotyi, tomato, egg plant, squash Igqabi - spinach, rape, amaranth Ingcambu - ibatata, icarrots, ibeetroot, onion

2.2. Indlela elula yesitiya sokondla ikhaya

Ezizityalo zithathu ezibonakaliswe ngasentla, ngokwesimo sezulu salapha eAfrika zingatyalwa unyaka wonke yaye zinesondlo ngokupheleleyo zaye ziyathandwa ngabemi kulula nokuzilawula.

1

3

5

1

3

5

1

3

5

0cm

75cm

150cm

225cm

300cm

375cm

450cm

525cm

600cm

INDLELA ELULA YESITIYA SOKONDLA IKHAYA 6*6mImbotyi 10cm In row; 37.5cm Rows; planting depth 3cm

iBeetroot 10cm In row; 18cm Rows; planting depth 2cm

Imbotyi 10cm In row; 37.5cm Rows; planting depth 3cm

Imbotyi 10cm In row; 37.5cm Rows; planting depth 3cm

Ispinatshi 20cm In row; 37.5cm Rows; planting depth 2cm



iBeetroot 10cm In row; 18cm Rows; planting depth 2cm

Week

Isiq

ham

oIg

qabi

Ingc

ambu iBeetroot 10cm In row; 18cm Rows; planting depth 2cm

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2.3. Inkqubo yokutyala isitya sokondla ikhaya Umgaqo olula wokutyala ngokokulandelana kweveki ukuze uqiniseke ukuba imifuno yakho ayizuba seyilungele ukutyiwa ngexesha elinye. Lonto iginisekisa ukuba usoloko unemali engena rhoqo nesondlo esiqhubelekayo. Umzekelo wotshintsho lokutyala imifuno yakho imi ngoluhlobo Ukutyala kokuqala Portion A: Isiqhamo - September Week 1 – Plant 1st bed, 2 rows beans;

Week 3 – Plant 2nd bed, 2 rows beans; Week 5 – Plant 3rd bed, 2 rows beans

Portion B: Igqabi - September Week 1 – Plant 1st bed, 2 rows spinach; Week 3 – Plant 2nd bed, 2 rows spinach;

Week 5 – Plant 3rd bed, 2 rows spinach Portion C: Ingcambu - September Week 1 – Plant 1st bed, 3 rows beetroot;

Week 3 – Plant 2nd bed, 3 rows beetroot; Week 5 – Plant 3rd bed, 3 rows beetroot

Ukutyala kwesibin Portion A: Ingcambu - January Week 1 – Plant 1st bed, 3 rows beetroot;

Week 3 – Plant 2nd bed, 3 rows beetroot; Week 5 – Plant 3rd bed, 3 rows beetroot

Portion B: Isiqhamo - January Week 1 – Plant 1st bed, 2 rows beans; Week 3 – Plant 2nd bed, 2 rows beans; Week 5 – Plant 3rd bed, 2 rows beans

Portion C: Igqabi - January Week 1 – Plant 1st bed, 2 rows spinach; Week 3 – Plant 2nd bed, 2 rows spinach; Week 5 – Plant 3rd bed, 2 rows spinach

Utshintsho lonyaka Kwintwasa hlobo yonyaka olandelayo kufuneka uphinde utshintshe, umfuno ovelisa isiqhamo uye kwindawo engu – B, ovelisa amagqabi uye ku – C, ovelisa ngengcambu uye ku - A. Kunyaka wesithathu le evelisa ngengcambu iyaku B, evelisa ngesiqhamo ku C, evelisa ngegqabi iya ku A njalo njalo.

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2.4. Inkcubeko yokutyala imifuno Uba umlimi wemifuno ube nesitiya esinempumelelo uya kukhathazwa ukuba asiphinde ze kuthi xa iphinde yabanempumelelo imifuno yakhe inokutshitshwa ngeminye ngaphandle kwalendlela ibonisiweyo.

Imizekelo eyamkelekileyo yokuqaqelana yeentlobo zemifuno Akunyanzelekanga kuba lemifuno ityalwe ngexesha elinye njengalendlela ibonisiweyo ngasentla, kodwa umntu angangeza nezinye intlobo ngaphezu kwezi ezintathu.

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Imigaqo yemifuno Lomgaqo uthatha ngokuba wakha ngezinga eliphezulu ngenxa yenkathalo yakho, elungiselwe umhlaba ochumileyo nempilo yezityalo. Ngalondlela enikwe ngayo neyenziwe ngayo lomgaqo we-compost elungileyo. Asikho isizathu semifuno yakho idinge olunye uhlobo lwesichumiso. Kuqala ukuba awunayo i-compost ungasebenzisa umgquba omdala kwimifuno engamagqabi neneziqhamo kunye neengcambu, kodwa awunako ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela enye kuba inako ukuyitshisa imbewu nesiqu sesityalo.Kufuneka umgquba lowo ugalelwe emingxumeni okanye emisileni ngange 500ml-m. Emva koko yogqunywe nge 3cm yomhlaba kuze kutyalwe imbewu phezu komhlaba. Esisikhokelo asinakho ukusinika isisombululo mayela nezifo zezityalo nendlela zokuzikhusela. Zininzi indlela zokukhusela izinambuzane ezitya izityalo. Enye yazo yile “Producing food without pesticides.” LJ Fuglie, 1998.

3.1. Imifuno evelisa iziqhamo

1) i-Green Beans Ngaphandle kokuba zona zine proteins ezininzi, ezibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abahlelelekileyo apho ukutya kwabo kune-carbohydrates, i-green beans zino Vitamin A,B,C NO-K, njalo njalokwimpilo yomntu. I-green beans zona zityalwa ukusukela entwasa hlobo kude kube sekupheleni kwe-ntwasa hlobo. Inkqubo yesitiya sasekhaya : yomba imisele eyi-3cm ubunzulu ibeyi 37.5cm ugqagqana. Tyala imbewu eyi10cm ukugqagqana uze uyogqume ngomhlaba ocolekileyo. Umboniso wentsimi: yomba imisele eyi 8cm ubunzulu 37.5cm ukugqagqana. Galela icephe lomthuthu wenkuni ne-3-4lt ye-compost nge-meter yomsele ngamnye, ushiya 3cm yobunzulu bokutyala. Galela kwimbewu ngamaxesha onke ukulungiselela i-nitrogen engemkiyo.Tyala imbewu ngange 10cm enye kwenye emqolweni wogqome ngomhlaba ocolekileyo kangango kuba umhlaba ube buphakama phezu kwemiqolo. 2) i-Tomato i-tomato ngezona zaziwayo ezixhotyiswe ngezona zinongo zempilo ezinje nge Vitamin A no Vitamin C njalo njalo. i-tomato zikholwa ukutyalwa entwasa hlobo kude kube sehlotyeni. Yomba imingxuma 75cm imiqolo nokugqagqana okuyi 60cm.Uhlobo oluninzi lukhula ngokubhijela ngezinye izinto ezivelisa iziqhamo zalo ngamaxesha alandelanayo zityale ke ezo nge 150cm emigceni ne 60cm emigceni nakumgca. Abanye abantu balutyala kakhulu olohlobo lwetomato bayi tyala ngoluhlobo lungentla ngenxa yokulungiselela ukukhanya nokuhamba-hamba phakathi kwazo, kodwa sona isitiya sasekhaya sinomhlaba omncinci kufuneka senzelelelwe.

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Isitiya sekhaya nomlinganiselo wentsimi : Galela icephe lomthuthu weenkuni ne-500mlye-compost kumngxuma ngamnye ube sele ugcwalisa ngomhlaba. Tyala ke izithole xa ziyi 10 -12cm ubude. Sebenzisa iDibbler stick xa utyala izithole ukuze uqiniseke ngobungakanani bemingxuma otyala kuyo, ngeloxesha wakusityala isithole ngasinye uyasixinzelela ngomhlaba ecaleni kwaso ukuze uqiniseke ukuba akukho moya ungenelelayo ezingcanjeni eso. Isiqhamo setomato sibanzima kakhulu isithole sisindwe isikhondo sayo itomato, ngako oko kuyacetyiswa ukuba zixhaswe ngezinto, kwakhona itomato iba lixhoba lezifo ngezifo ngako oko kubalulekile kubekhona isithuba seminyaka emibini ukuze yona uyityale kulo ndawo inye. 3) i-Eggplant Nangona ke zingenazo ivitamins ngokupheleleyo ne minerals, kodwa zona zine-anti –oxidant concentration ephakamileyo i-Eggplant le yona ikhetha ixesha lasentwasa hlobo. Yomba imingxuma yakho eyi 75cm ukugqagqana phakathi kwemiqolo ze- ibeyi 60cm phakathi kwe mingxuma. Isitiya sekhaya nomlinganiselo wentsimi : Galela icephe lomthuthu weenkuni ne-500mlye-compost kumngxuma ngamnye ube sele ugcwalisa ngomhlaba. Tyala ke izithole xa ziyi 10-12cm ubude. Sebenzisa iDibbler stick xa utyala izithole ukuze uqiniseke ngobungakanani bemingxuma otyala kuyo, ngeloxesha wakusityala isithole ngasinye uyasixinzelela umhlaba ecaleni kwaso ukuze uqiniseke ukuba akukho moya ungenelelayo ezingcanjeni eso. 4) Squashis - ithanga, butternut ne jam-squash Izi-quash zingovimba be vitamin A no Vitamin C. Tyala i-squash entwasa hlobo nasehlotyeni.

Isityalo sekhaya nomlinganiselo wentsimi: Yomba imingxuma kumqolo wesithathu nge 2.25m ukugqagqana ne 1.8m phakathi kwemingxuma. Yomba umngxuma ongange 30cm ububanzi ne 20cm ubunzulu. Gcwalisa lo mngxuma ngomhlaba oxutywe ngemihlakulo emibini ye-compost okanye umgquba. Tyala imbewu zibentathu malunga ne 10cm ukugqagqana, kubunzulu obuyi 3cm kumngxuma ngamnye,uzohlulile ngokulinganayo xa sele zihlumile ziphe kusale zibentathu kumngxuma ngamnye.

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3.2. Imifuno evelisa Amagqabi 1) i-Spinatch Ispinatshi sine-anti- oxidant ephakamileyo ngaphezulu kwayo yonke eminye imifuno, yaye sine vitamins A, B, C no K aphakamileyo, zityebile nge-iron nezinye iminerals. Olohlobo lwemifuno lungamagqabi ayibalulekanga qha ngezinongo ezinempilo, kodwa ukukhula kwaso kulula ngokumangalisayo nokukhathalelwa kwaso akukhathazi. Sityale ispinatshi entwasa hlobo kude kube nokuphela kohlobo, kodwa kwindawo ezinezinga lobushushu obungaphezulu 27 °C asilungi kakuhle. Lungisa ibhedi yakho ngokomba imisele okanye uyityale ngokuyihlwayela phantsi komlinganiselo oyi-5cm ye-compost. Umlinganiselo wokutyala isitiya sasekhaya: Lungisa wombe imisele 2cm ubunzulu ibe 37.5cm umqolo ukugqagqana. Sebenzisa iplanga elidala okanye i-rake okanye ikhuba. Tyala imbewu i- 20cm ukugqagqana ngaphezu kwe-compost. Yogqume nge compost ucinezele ngela-planga kancinane. Umlungiselelo wentsimi: Yomba imisele ibeyi 8cm ubunzulu ne-37.5cm ukugqagqana uze uyigcwalise nge-compost 3-4lt nge-meter, ushiye i-2cm. Imbewu kufuneka ityalwe ngobunzulu i-2cm ngange misele egqunywe ngomhlaba Xa uvunayo wagqawule la magqabi amabini amakhulu ukwenzela ukuba akhule amanye.Ispinatshi siyakuqhubeleka ukuvelisa amagqabi ixesha elide. 2) Rape/Kale/Collard Greens Oluhlobo lwemifuno evelisa ngamagqabi yaye luqhelekile e afrika yaye iKate yona kwisukma wiki e-kenya iyasetyenziswa. Zonke ke zisuka kwi brasika oleracea yezizalwane futhi nangona ifana ne

cabbage kulula ukuyikhulisa yona. Ziyefana nesipinatshi ngangokuba nayo ikwaveliswa ngamagqabi. Ihlala ivunwa ixesha elide, imeko yesisityalo esiyi-Rabe sikhula ngokuphakama. Amagqabi wona ano-vitamin C omninzi no-vitamin K. Yityale i-Rape entwasa hlobo uphinde uyityale ebusika, njengoko izithole zingakwaziukunyamezela ubushushu obuphakamileyo, Lungisa ibhedi okanye imingxuma okanye umhlaba one – compost one 5cm.

Umlinganiso wesitiya sekhaya: Yomba imisele enobunzulu obuyi 2cm ize ibeyi 37.5cm ukugqagqana. Sebenzisa icala elingqalileyo leplanga okanye lekhuba okanye le rake. Tyala imbewu yakho ibeyi -30cm ukugqagqana kwayo imbewu nganyephezulu kwe compost esasaziweyo. Uphinde ke uyogqume kwangenye i-compost uze uxinzelele ngelicala libanzi leplanga.

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Umlinganiselo wentsimi: Yomba imisele ebunzulu buyi -8cm kwimiqolo eyi 37.5cm uphinde usigcwalise nge 3-4lt ye-compost nge meter. Imbewu le kufuneka ityalwe ngobunzulu obuyi 2cm kwi 30cm nemisele le yogqunywe ngaloo mhlaba ubumbiwa kulemisele lo ubuwembele ngezantsi 3) Amaranth I-amarath yona ingatyalwa ngegqabi okanye imbewu. Amagqabi la wona anesondlo esikhulu yaye ano-vitamin A, B no C futhi ane-calcium aphakeme kakhulu ne iron ide ibengaphezulu kakhulu nakweyamagqabi espinatshi. I amaranth isisityalo esiqinileyo yaye inokunyamezela naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaba olungachumiyo, amazinga aphakamileyo ubushushu nemeko eyomileyo, iyenze ke lonto ukuba ilungele uhlobo kakhulu ngamagqabi ayo aluhlaza kunesipinatshi ne rape. Yityale I amaranth entwasa hlobo nasehlotyeni.Yenza ibhedi ngemisele okanye ngokukhethekileyo kumhlaba ogalelwe i-5cm ye-compost, nge -15cm phakathi kwezityalo kwimiqolo 37.5cm, ukuze ubenako ukusika amagqabi. Ukuba isityalo sikhula sibe side yisike ibeyi -15cm ubude kuze kukhule amanye amagqabi amatsha. Umlinganiselo wesitiya sekhaya: Yomba imisele eyi 1cm ubunzulu ieyi 37.5cm ukugqagqana. Sebenzisa elicala lingqalileyo le planga okanye i-rake nokuba likhuba. Tyala imbewu ibeyi15cm phezu kwe-compost ieyi 15cm ukugqagqana.Yogqume nge-compost uze uxinzelele nge planga ngelicala lisisixwexwe. Umlinganiso wentsimi: Yomba imisele eyi 8cm ubunzulu obuyi 8cm kwimiqolo eyi -37.5cm uphinde uyigcwalise nge 3-4 lt ye-compost nge meter. Imbewu ke le kufuneka ityalwe ngobunzulu obuyi-2cm kwi 30cm nemisele le kufuneka yogqunywe ngalomhlaba ubumbiwa kulemisele ubuyembele ngezantsi.

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3.3. Imifuno evelisa Ngengcambu 1) i-Carrots i-carrots zinempilo kakhulu kubalulekile ukuzityala esitiyeni sekhaya ngoba zinebeta carotene (uvimba ka vitamin A), C, K kwano B. Kulula ke ukuyityala icarrots kuba ityalwa unyaka wonke ilungele ukukhula kumlinganiselo obuyi 15-24°C. Yityale i-carrots entwasa hlobo, nanini na yenzele ibhedi, uyityale ngokukhethekileyo emvakwesityalo ebesine compost eyaneleyo. Lumkela ukuyityalakwi compost okanyekumgquba osemtsha kuba lonto yenza ibe nemihlumela emininzi engafunekiyo, yilonto kulungile uyityale emva kwesinye isityalo. Imbewu yayo yona kufuneka ityalwe ngobunzulu obuyi 1cm uyishiyanisa nge 2cm enye kwenye kwimiqolo eyi 18.75cm. Tyala ngoku kwimiqolo emithathu uwushiye owesine ungenanto. Umlinganiselo wesitiya sasekhaya: Lo mqolo oyi 75cm wohlule kanye ubeyi 37.5cm icala ngalinye uphinde kwakhona uwohlule kude ukuqaqelana phakathi kwemiqolo kube yi 18.75cm. Yomba ke ngoku imisele ibeyi 1cm ubunzulu usebenzisa elicala elingqalileyo le-planga. Xa ngaba ityalwe nzulu emhlabeni ihluma kade. Tyala imbewu ibe yi 2cm phakathi kwenye emhlabeni one compost uze uyogqme nge compost wakugqiba. Wakugqiba uxinzelele ngecala elibanzi leplanga. Umlinganiselo wentsimi: Yomba umsele ube bubunzulu obuyi 1cm kwimiqolo eyi 18.37cm uze utyale imbewu phezulu komngxuma okanye kumsele ube yi-2cm phakathi kwenye. Gquma nge 1cm ye compost okanye umhlaba ovela kwezingqumba zingezantsi. Yakuba imilile yiphe nge 5cm isithole kwesinye. 2) i-Bretroot i-beetroot yaziwa njengemifuno enesondlo nempilo entle, kunye nezinga eliphezulu lezinto ezinje ngeeminerals namagqabi anokutyiwa njengawesipinatshi, itsho lonto iyenze ukuba ibe sesona sityalo esingundoqo apho ezinye izityalo ezingamagqabi zisanqabile esitiyeni i-beetroot le ifana nqwa necaroots ngexesha lokuyityala. Kwizinga lobushushu eli 15-24°C, kanti yona iyalunyamezela izinga lobushushu eliyi 30 degr.Yityale ibeetroot ukusukela entwaswa hlobo kude kube sekwindla. Imbewu yayo yityale ubunzulu bube yi 2cm, ize ibe yi 10cm phakathi kwenye nenye, kwimiqolo eyi 18.75cm. Tyala imiqolo ibe mithathu ngalendlela utsibe wesine Umlinganiselo westiya sekhaya nesentsimi: Ukulungiselela ukutyala ibeetroot kufana nqwa nokutyala icarrots qwidi nje ngobunzulu bokuyityala obuyi 2cm

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3) Onion/onion yasentwasa hlobo i-Onion ixhaphakile kukutya kwama-Afrika. Yona ino vitamin C ophakamileyo ne-folate yaye zine peptite ephakamileyo encedisayo nokulwa lento ekuthiwa yi-osteoporosis. i-Onion le yona ilungele ukutyalwa kwizinga lobushushu obuyi 12-25°C yaye zityaleka ngempumelelo xakubanda kunaxa kushushu yaye zithatha elona xesha elide ukukhula ezinyangeni ezine ukuya kwezesixhenxe, ngako oko kumlinganiselo wokondla ikhaya kukhona izityalo ezinokutyalwa kulomhlaba, kunye ne-onion yasentwasa hlobo. Tyala i-onion ekupheleni kwehlobo ukuya ekuqaleni kobushushu ukhumbule ke i-onion inxanwa kakhulu ekukhuleni kwayo, ngako oko kwindawo ezina ehlotyeni nobusika obimayo qiniseka ukuba unendlela yokunkcenkceshela oluphilileyo. Ukutyala ngqo imbewu ye–onion Xa utyala ngqo imbewu ye-onion. Tyala imbewu ibe-2cm ubunzulu, 5cm phakathi kwenye nenye, nemiqolo eyi 18.75cm. Tyala imbewu imiqolo emithathu ngale ndlela uze owesine uwushiye ungenanto ityaliweyo ukuze kubelula ukufikelela. Kweminye ize ibhedi elandelayo imiqolo emithathu. Emva kokuntshula yiphe ngange 10cm phakathi kwesityalo ngasinye, uphinde ezo ubuzikha uzityale kwenye indawo. Ukutyala ngqo imbewu yasentwasa ntlobo.

Ukutyala ngqo imbewu yase ntwasa hlobo Ngokwezi onion zingentla ngangokulungisa ukugqagqana okuyi 2-3cm kwi-onion yasentwasa hlobo ube sele uyipha 5cm ukuntshula kwayo, emva kweveki ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezisibhozo zobe izithole ngasinye sinobubanzi obuyingange ballpen zilungele ukohlulwa zityalwe. Zingasuswa iingcambu zibe yi-2cm ubude isiqu sona sibe yi- 10cm ubude, zomiswa zigcinelwe ukutyalwa kwixesha elizayo. Izithole ze-onion zityalwa nge-dibble stick ngange 10cm ukugqagqana kwimiqolo eyi 18.75cm. Tyala imbewu imiqolo emithathu ngale ndlela uze owesine uwushiye ungenanto ityaliweyo ukuze kubelula ukufikelela. Kweminye ize ibhedi elandelayo imiqolo emithathu. Emva kokuntshula yiphe ngange 10cm phakathi kwesityalo ngasinye, uphinde ezo ubuzikha uzityale kwenye indawo. Ithatha i-onion ixesha eliyi 4-7 month ukuvuthwa ngokupheleleyo. Okokuqala amagqabi Akuqalisa ukubatyheli waphule ungagqawuli, wakwenza okoi-onion iyakhawuleza ukoma. Wakuba uwavunile amagqabi ayo wagcine emthunzini kwindawo eyomileyo enomoya. Qala ukusebenzisa onke amagaqa amoshakalayo uze uwaqwalasele angangenwa zizifo.

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i-Spring Onion: Yityale izizithole nge-Dibble stick kwimiqolo eyi-18.75cm ukugqagqana. Tyala imbewu imiqolo emithathu ngale ndlela uze owesine uwushiye ungenanto ityaliweyo ukuze kubelula ukufikelela. Kweminye ize ibhedi elandelayo imiqolo emithathu. Emva kokuntshula yiphe ngange 10cm phakathi kwesityalo ngasinye, uphinde ezo ubuzikha uzityale kwenye indawo. Oluhlobo lwe onion olubizwa ngokuba yi-Spring Onion lona lungavunwa nangaliphi ixesha elidingeka ngalo yaye futhi ungalugcina kwisitya semifuno leyo ikhiweyo ngamaxesha athile.

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4) I-Bhatata I-bhatata ibalelwa ekubeni yiyona mifuno enesondlo esiphakamileyo kwimveliso ngeengcambu nomxube omhle we-carbohydrates kunye ne- vitamins A ephezulu phakathi kwezinye izityalo. Ibhatata inoba sesona sityalo esixhaphakileyo kuma-Afrikangokuba isisona siphakamileyo xa sithelekiswa nezinye izityalo ezine-sitatshi. Kulula ke yona ukuyityala, ilanga nembalela iyazinyamezela yaye inencasa, ivelisa malunga ne-10-40 tans ngehactare. Ibhatata ayichumi kakuhle kwindawo ezichuma amanzi, ke kwindawo ezinjalo ifuna ukutyalwa kwimihlaba ephakanyisiweyo. Kanjalo lumkela ukutyala kwimihlaba eludongeni,kuba yona iyawofunxa kancinci amanzi. E-Uganda, iqela elise “Double Portion Farm” ityal ibhatata ngempumelelo kwimihlaba elungiselelwe amanzi ukuba angemi. I-bhatata ikhula kumazinga obushushu ayi 15-33 degr

kodwa yona ngokupheleleyo ikhetha ubushushu obuyi 25 °C. Kwihlobo yityale ngoseptemba kude ibe ngu November, kodwa ngenxa yokuba yona ikhula ngokupheleleyo kwinyanga eziyi 3 and half yeenyanga, kungcono kengoku uyityale kwangoko kunoba uyityale kade. Kwimihlaba esemazantsi kwindawo ezishushu yona ungayityala unyaka wonke (tropical regions). I-bhatata xa uyityala yityale ngalamasebe ayo. Angenazifo abehleli iinyanga ezintathu entsimini. Lamasebe ayo ayi 30cm wabeke emthunzini intsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba uwatyale ngenxa yokuba iqhama kakhulu ibhatata yinike umhlaba ophangaleleyo ukuze ingaphazamisi nezinye izityalo. Yomba imisele ebunzulu buyi-15cm kwimiqolo eyi-75 cm, wakuba umhlaba ulungisiwe galela i500ml yomanyola kwi meter. Gquma kancici ngomhlana ukuze ufumane ubunzulu bokutyala i-10cm, lalisa ke elaa sebe eliyi-20cm emseleni, liqobe elisebe lijonge phezulu ngoku ngathi ngu-L uze ulogqume. Ushiye lamagqabi angaphezulu evelile emhlabeni. Phinda kwakhona uthathe elinye isebe ulibeke kwangalendlela inye libe yi-30cm kusuka kwelinye. Akudingeki ngqumba yomhlaba uqokelelweyo ukuze kwakhele amagaqa, yingubo yodwa edingekayo kaThixo. Galela ingubo kaThixo eyaneleyo phakathi kwemiqolo ukuze kukhuthazeke ukwakheka okanye ukwenzeka kwamagaqa. Oluhlobo lwamazambana okuthiwa yiIrish lityalwa kwangalendlela nalo umahluko mnye kukuba endaweni yamasebe kutyalwa amagaqa ayimbewu nge10cm ubunzulu.

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4. Southern African Summer Rainfall Region Vegetable Planting Guide

Janu

ary

Febr

uary

Mar

ch

April

May

June

July

Augu

st

Sept

embe

r

Octo

ber

Nove

mbe

r

Dece

mbe

r

Amaranth * * * * * *Artichokes, chinese * * * *Asparagus * * * *Beans * * * * * *Beetroot * * * * * * * * *Broccoli * * * *Brussel sprouts * * *Cabbage * * * * * * * * *Carrots * * * * * * * *Cauliflower * * * *Celery * * * * *Cucumber * * * * *Egg Plant * * * *Kale/Rape * * * * * *Lettuce * * * * * * * * *Marrows * * * * * *Melons, sweet * * * *Okra * * * *Onions * * * *Peas * * * * * * * *Peppers * * *Potato * * * * * *Pumpkin * * * *Radish * * * * * * * * * *Rubharb * * * *Spinach * * * * * * * * *Squashes * * * * * *Sweetcorn * * * *Sweet potato * * *Swiss chard * * * * * * *Tomato * * * *Watermelon * * * *

Southern African summer rainfall region vegetable planting Guide

This general sowing guide should be used in conjunction with specific cultivar recommendations and local farmer climate knowledge. Also collect records of

your own experiences and use them to plan ahead for future seasons.

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5. i-Nursery yezithole Kulula ukutyala izithole kunokuba utyale imbewu ngqo, ukwakha nokukhathalela i-nursery yezithole inokenziwa kuphela ngaba tyali abanamva. Indlela yokutywala izithole inenkuseleko nesakhono sokuba ngamaxesha okutyala izityalo, ukhathalela indawana encinane endaweni yokuba ujonge intsimi yonke enezithole ezininzi ezimilayo. Zakuba izithole zine7-10cm ubudala kumele ukuba zityalwe ezindaweni zazo nokuxabangela okuninzi I-nursery yezithole ungaphakanyiswa umhlaba ube 15cm ngamanye amaxesha okanye zityalwe kwizityana zezithole. Unkcenkceshelo lolwemijelo ngemijelo lubalulekile nakanjani. Indawo eyi-nursery yezithole kufuneka ibiywe, ibe kufutshane namanzi kunye nelanga ukuqiniseka ukuba izithole zingomelezwa ngaphambi kokuba zityalwe. Umthunzi Umthunzi ubalulekile kakhulu ngelixesha izithole zisakhula, ke umthunzi ungenziwa nge-net, namagqabi eminye imithi, ingca yokuthunga izindlu njalo njalo. Ukwakhiwa kwalo mthunzi kufuneka bulungele ukuba akwazi umntu ukuma ngaphantsi kwawo lowo umntu unkcenkceshelayo nosikhathalelayo eso sitiya akwazi nokufikelela kuso, kufuneka uphakame ngange 2m. Jonga ukuhamba kwelanga uze umthunzi wakhelwe ukuze ubenako ukusigquma isitiya ngokupheleleyo. Umthunzi kufanele ukuba ube mkhulu ngokwameleyo, ukuze uqiniseke ukuba isitya sonke sihlala siphantsi kwalo mthunzi imini yonke. I-bhedi ye-nursery yezithole Sebenzisa umxube (1.3 yomhlaba, 1/3 yomhlaba okrwexu kunye ne1/3 ye-compost ehluziweyo). Umxube wugalele ngaphezu komhlaba lo oyibhedi onyusiweyo okanye uyigalele ngqo kwizityana zezithole. Umanzise izithole. Wuxinzelele lomhlaba ngeplanga. Emva koko sebenzisa isiphelo seplanga ukuxinzelele 1cm yomsele ibe yibhedi uze imbewu ezo uzigqagqanise nge-5cm ukuze ube nako ukuzikha lula. Izityana zembewu Izityana zezithole zezona zixhobo zilungileyo zokukhulisa, Qiniseka ukuba zicocekile phambi kokuzisebenzisa, ngokuzicoca ngamanzi axutywe i-bleach ukubulala zonke intsholongwane ezinokubakho. Gcwalisa izityana zezithole ngomhlaba one-compost ushiye i-1cm ngasentla oza kutyala kuyo, uwumanzise kakuhle lo mxube. Emva kokuba utyalile imbewu gcwalisa nge 1cm yalo mxube useleyo, uyiqinise umphezulu nento eshiyekeleyo uyisuse ngaphezulu. Ukunkcenkceshela Umhlaba one-compost ngokupheleleyo kulo mxube wezithole nomthunzi owaneleyo iyawukhusela ukuba ingabi nangxaki yokufuma. Ukunkcenkceshela nje nge-watering can kuya kulunga kodwa kuma xesha embalela kuncono kunkcenkceshelwe kabini. Lumkela ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo ngoba iyakuphazamisa nokukhula kwezithole. Soloko uzijonga izithole zakho nomxube womhlaba usoloko uwuphatha-phatha ukuwazi ubunjani bawo.

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Ukohlulwa Intsuku ezisi 7-10 ngaphambi kokwehlulwa kwezitole, qalisa uzomeleze izithole uzityhile zivele elangeni uyekelele nokuzinkcenkceshela izithole zakho. Lento ke ilula ukuyenza xa ubuzogqume ngama sebe emithi, amakhuni okanye ingca yokuthunga izindlu ngokuba uyakumana uyiphungula ngokuyiphungula into ogqume ngayo, ukuze ukukhanya kuye kungena ngokungena qho emva kwentsuku ezimbini yekelela ukunkcenkceshela emva kwentsuku ezine, emveni koko qiniseka ukuba utsiba usuku lonke emva kosuku lwesibini. Ngoku ke phinda uqiniseke ukuba i-yure ezininzi ngaphambi kokuzohlula izithole zifumana amanzi amaninzi. Kwibhedi zezithole qiniseka ukuba unomhlakulo osoloko ukufuphi ukususa iingcambu ezithile. Izithole zifuna ukugcinwa emthunzini zide zityalwe ngoku khawuleza kumhlaba osele ulungiselwe lonto.

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6. Ukwenza i-compost I-compost ngumngundo wezinto ezinqunqwayo zizinambuzane ezingabonakaliyo, ezinje ngenkowane njalo njalo. Isesinye isichumiso esinje ngomanyola. Ngoku galela i-compost esexabisweni emhlabeni, abalimi bangazuza isivuno esilinganayo, okanye esingcono, esixabisekileyo ukuba i-compost isetyenziswe ngexesha elaneleyo njengokusebenzisa umanyola. I-compost ichumisa umhlaba ngakumbi ize incede ekubuyiseleni ukuchuma kwendalo emhlabeni. Elona bakala lamkelekileyo lomlinganiselo wengqumba ye-compost liqala nge 2m x 2m x 2m. Xa sele igqibelele yanela i-1 acre okanye ½ yehactare yesichumiso sombona. Ukuyisebenzisa le ngqumba akwamkelekanga ukuyehlisela Ikwi-1.5 m3. Qalisa ukuqokelela izinto zokwakha le compost xa umbona uza kuba nentshaka, ngelixesha uhlaza luluninzi. Ingredients Zintathu ezona zinto zokwenza i-compost; nitrogen (umgquba) uhlaza (green) ne-woody/dry component. 1) Nitrogen Component (umgquba) 10% yengqumba yakho okanye ingxowa eziyi-15 zomgquba. Ukuba awunawo umgquba sebenzisa i-4m3 yelegumes (iimbotyi ne-erityisi, amahlamvu azo). Eligalelo elingumgquba lingumlilo owenza ukuba ingqumba ye-compost iqalise ukwenzeka. 2) Green Component (yonke into eluhlaza) I-45% ingqumba yakho. Yonke into esikwe iseluhlaza, nokuba sele ide yoma. 3) Woody-Dry Component (into ezinkuni) Iyi-45% yengqumba. For Vegetables – 10% Woody and 35% Dry Ezinkuni zingunobangela wokungunda, umz, imipha, iindiza, amasebe omileyo, icardboard nenkuni. Eyona ndawo inkulu kwingqumba ye-compost yakheka ngale ngqokelela yezinto ezomileyo, umzekelo ingca yokuthunga nokhula olomileyo. Ezingqokelela zibekwa ngokwahlukeneyo ngokuphelelisekileyo enye ibe phezu kwenye ngoko mlinganiselo wayo. Ukwakha ingqumba ye-compost Ukugcina umlinganiselo wengqumba nganye kubalulekile kakhulu. Yakha ingqumba ngokwahlukana kwezingqumba ezizintlobo ezintathu. Ntywilisela ezindidi zimbini emanzini, ezomileyo neziluhlaza ngaphambi kokuzibeka phezu kwengqumba ye-compost rhoqo. Qala nge-20cm yezinto ezomileyo, ulandelise nge-20cm yezinto eziluhlaza nga phezu kwazo, uze ulandelise ngengxowa ezimbini zomgquba omanzisiweyo ngenene ngaphezu kwazo zonke. Qhubeleka usenza njalo kude ubude bube yi-2m.

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5cm layer Woody material

20cm layer Green material

2 bags Manure


2 bags Manure


2 bags Manure


2 bags Manure

2m Tall

15cm layer Dry material

5cm layer Woody material15cm layer Dry material



Umlinganiso wobushushu Umlinganiselo wobushushu buphakathi 55°C no- 68°C. Qinisa ngobushushu intsuku zibentathu ukuze kutshabalale imbewu enokubakho kulo ngqumba. Sebenzisa umlinganiso wobushushu benene. Owona mlinganiselo onexabiso elifikelelekayo kukusebenzisa intsimbi eyi-8mm. Xa uyifake kule ngqumba imizuzwana nje, uze uyibambe ngesandla imizuzwana engange-5 seconds uba uye wanako ukufumbatha ubushushu balo compost bungaphantsi kwe70°C. Kanti xa ungenako i-compost seyilungelwe ukuguqulwa. Ukuba i-compost ubushushu bayo buye bangaphezulu ko-70°C, izinambuzane ezifunekayo ziyafa zitshe ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo. Emva kweveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo i-compost iba sele izakulunga ipholile. Ukuguqula ingqumba Kwintsuku ezintathu iyaguqulwa (ngaphambi kokuba ubushushu bufikelele ku-70°C). Yiguqulele ingqumba leyo kwelinye icala elikwayi 2m usebenzisa ifolokhwe yokulima okanye yegaba, uthatha oku bekungaphandle okuyingqumba ukubeke ngaphakathi uze oku bekunga phakathi ukubeke ngaphandle.

01020304050607080

0 3 7 11 15 19 23 27 31 35 39 43 47

Tem

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( C

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Okukuguqu-guqula ingqumba kubangela ubushushu obulungileyo, kuxuba ezingqumba kuze yonke ibe nobushushu obufanayo ixuba ingqumba ne-oxygen ukuze umlinganiselo wobushushu buqwalaliseke lula. Ukuba ingqumba ayiguqulwanga izakonakala ibe nevumba elibi isuke ingabi naxabiso. Owona mkhomba ndlela owamkelekileyo kumahlwempu kukuyiguqula rhoqo emva kwentsuku ezintathu, kathathu ze emva kwentsuku ezilishumi uyiguqule ka-4 or 5. Emva kwenyanga ezimbini sele ke iguquleleke ngokugqibeleleyo. Xa igqibelele yiyeke i-compost ezinye iinyanga ezi-4 ide igqibelele. Umlinganiselo wokufuma Ukufuma kuyemka njengomphunga yaye udinga ukubuyiselwa. Zama ukugcina ukufuma kwe-compost yakho kukwi-50%. Ungayiqwalasela lento ngokuyicinezela i-compost esandleni sakho. Ukuba kumfimfa amanzi, imanzi kakhulu. Ukuba akumfimfi manzi, uthi xa uvula isandla sakho i-compost ingahlalidibene yome kakhulu, yongeza enye intwana yamanzi. Ukuba xa uyiminxa ngesandla sakho akumfimfi manzi yaye xa uvula isandla ihlala idibene kakuhle, ngoko ke ikufutshane nale 50% yobushushu obudingekayo. Yiqokelelendawonye ide ibetsolo ngaphezulu uze ubekelele ingca yokuthunga izindlu ukuze kungangeni manzi kuyo aze ayipholise kakhulu. Izilathisi ze-compost elungileyo Umbala ontsundu Ivumba elimnandi nelityebileyo Into ibe ntlaka-ntlaka Ube nembonakalo I-compost ingagcinwa injalo iminyaka, ingamoshakalanga, yaye ixabiso lokuba nayo ngamandla akho qha. I-compost sesona sichumiso ekufaneleke ukuba sibonwe sikhona nakweyiphi na ifarmer ukubonakalisa ukuthemba kwinto uThixo ayibeke ezandleni zethu ekukwanela konke.

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Ukusetyenziswa kwe-compost Njengoko sele kuchaziwe ngaphambili, i-compost ingasetyenziswa njengesichumiso sangaphezulu apho kukhuliswa imifuno kancinane okanye ingagalelwa kwimingxuma yokutyala okanye emiseleni ekutyalwa kuyo emasimini. Apho kusetyenziswe khona i-compost ekwizinga eliphezulu, kulindeleka isivuno esihle kakhulu yaye ixabiso lokuyenza lonto ukuqokelela izinto zokuyenza icompost qha khuphela, nokuyijika-jika. Ithuba lokugqwesa njengomlimi wemifuno enempilo nezityalo ezinesondlo kuxhomekeke kwisichumiso esifakiweyo. 2 Korinte 9:6 Qondani ke le nto: Lowo uhlwayela ngokuvimba wovuna kwangokuvimba; nalowo uhlwayela ngesisa wovuna kwangesisa. I-compost le sisichumiso esimele sihlale sikhona kuwo onke amasibi abalimi. Njengokuba sifundisa ukuthembeka kwabalimi ku-Thixo, osinike izinto zonke.

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7. Case Studies

7.1. Case Study 1: Martin Dower UMartin ubesoloko etyala imifuno engekavuthwa ngokupheleleyo eMuldersdrift eSouth Africa, ngomgaqo wokulima ngendlela kaThixo ukusukela 2008 yaye seva inkcaza emnandi engumahluko kwimveliso yakhe. Lo mahluko udibanisa izikhewu zebhedi, imiqolo nezikhewu zemiqolo, indlela yokugalela izichumiso nokusebenzisa kwakhe ingubo kaThixo Nantsi indlela enza ngayo (drawing below) Unzima umhlaba apha kulommandla, ludongwe olubomvu nolusebenzeka nzima yaye lingumbhede. Imifuno ka-Martins ityalwa kumhlaba one-compost eyaneleyo.

I-compost le yenziwa ngezinga lokulima ngeNdlela kaThixo ngomlinganiselo owaneleyo wenkuni ezomileyo, nohlazana kunye nomgquba. UMartin uhlala enengqumba ezintlanu ze-compost ezishiyanayo ngokulunga, yaye impumelelo yakhe kwezolimo uyikhomba kwi-compost elandela uYesu. Emva kokuba i-compost ilungile uyayihluza nge-net ecineneyo ukuze azofumana le icocekileyo azotyala ngayo imbewu nezithole. Nantoni na eshiyekayo uphinde ayisebenzise kwingqumba elandelayo Ukwenza ibhedi Umhlaba uyalungiswa kwindawo ezinzileyo, ungaqokelelwanga unyuswe. Ibhedi le iqalisa ivelise ukonyuswa komhlaba emveni kokuba umhlaba uyewaba ne-compost eninzi phezulu kwawo, ukukhathalela ngenkuthalo umhlaba nokulawula imiqolo eyenziwa ngendlela eyiyo. Ngendlela eqhelekileyo imifuno enje nge cabbage, cauliflower, imbotyi, ne-erityisi, uMartin utyala izityalo zakhe imiqolo ngamibini ngokuthambeka. Kwakhona uMartin utyala amagqabi aceke-ceke asematsha, ngako oko udinga abantu bokumnceda nasekuvuneni la magqabi imihla ngemihla. Bayatyala apha ezibhedini ukulawula intshukumo ngckunabela kwi-60cm kububanzi bebhedi ngenyawo zawo kwindawo ekuhanjwa kuyo. Emva kokwenziwa kakuhle nemilinganiso, iyagalelwa i5cm ye-compost kwi-5cm yomhlaba kwiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi koba kutyalwe. Lendlela yokugalela i-compost yenziwa ngaphambi kokuba kutyalwe ukubuyisela izinongo zomhlaba nokuhlaziya kwimpilo yomhlaba. Akuyiyo into enziwa kube Kanye qha kodwa lonto uMartin uyenza rhoqo emva kokuvuna, ukulungiselela utyalo oluzayo.

Ukulungisa ibhedi Ekutyaleni imisele iyombiwa ngendlela yokugqagqana kwayo yaye ubunzulu buxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesityalo ukuba yimbewu na okanye sisithole. Ke i-compost igalelwa nge 500ml kwi-60cm, umhlaba

Compost about to be sieved

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uxutywa kancinane apha emiseleni. Qaphela umhlaba ukuguqulwa okanye uphazanyiswe ngokwemiqathango yokulima ngendlela kaThixo. Ukohlukana kwendlela yokwemba imisele Imisele yenziwa ngendlela yemifuno eyi-baby leaf, apho igalelwa i-10 lt ye-compost kwi-square meter phezu kwe-5cm yomhlaba xa kutyalwa. Iyonke lonto ibangelwa yimiqolo exineneyo edibanisa oluhlobo lokutyala. Qaphela ukuba i-5cm ye-compost ingaphambi kokuba ityalwe njengoko ichazwe ngaphambili. Eminye imifuno ka-Martin iphantsi komthunzi eminye iselangeni ngokupheleleyo. Kuzo zonke ke ezimeko umhlaba wakhe uhlala wogqunyiwe ngengca okanye nge-compost. Ngamaxesha eqabaka uyazikhusela izityalo zakhe engqeleni nge-fleece.

Peas and Coriander

Broccoli

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7.2. Case Study 2: Vumile Ndzululeka UVumile ungumlimi wase-Nyanisweni kwesasi phaluka ekwakuthiwa yi-Transkei eSouth Africa, ngumfundisi ezilalini phantsi kwe-“Church of the Nations” apho beluncedo lwabantu ngokubafundisa ngokulima ngendleka kaThixo yaye uqhuba nesikolo sabantwana abancici. U-Vumile lo wayesoloko evunywa kukulima, akuyiva leNdlela kaThixo yezolimo wayitsibela ngazo zozibini izandla elima intlob ngentlobo zezityalo ezinje ngamazambane i-cabbage, amathanga, i-carrots neembotyi kwisiqingatha se-akire. Eyona nto ibanga umdla yindlela atyala ngayo itapile uVumile, apho engawulimi umhlaba okanye awuyaluzelise xa atyala iitapile zakhe okanye agalele i-compost emhlabeni. Ukholelwa ekubeni ifarmer yakhe yogqunywe ngokwaneleyo, lonto yenza impumelelo apho ama-farmer agalela ingubo kaTixo kakhulu athso ngesivuno esimangalisayo rhoqo. UVumile uthi ukuwomba amazambane xa ewavunayo kubalula kuba akekho nzulu kwaye amanye aphantsi kwengubo kaThixo.

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7.3. Case Study 3: Pius Mutie U-Pius ngum-farmer olima kancinci e-Mpeketoni eKenya utyala izinto ezininzi ezohlukeneyo ezinje nge-egg plant, imbotyi, umbona, iwatermelon, i-okra ne-butternut. U-Pius yena usebenzisa umgquba njengesichumiso sakhe, kodwa xa engenawo umgquba owaneleyo uthenga umanyola ukuze awugalele emiseleni okanye emigxunyeni. U-Pius lo uzinikele ngokupheleleyo ekugqumeni ngengubo kaThixo. Uye wabona uThixo eubuyisela umhlaba wakhe kundalashe ngokuchuma emva kokuba 2006 waye wasebenzisa le ndlela kaThixo ngentliziyo yakhe yonke. Into eyenza le ndlela kaPius ibaluleke kukunkcenkceshela ngemijelo atsho alime unyaka wonke.

Pius’ Eggplants

7.4. Case Study 4: Tess Gebers U-Tess ngumfarmer onempumelelo ongummi eBhayi. Waqalisa ngo-2010 ukusebenzisa le Ndlela kaThixo etyale mva uhlobo lombona othile. Watyala kunye ne-cabbage, ne-zucchini, pattipans, ne-baby jems njalo njalo. U-Tess yena ukholelwa kwi-compost eyakhe yena iyathengwa. Amava ambonise ukuba i-compost ethengwayo iyanqongophala ngezinongo ezidingwa zizityalo. Ukulungiselela U-Tess eyakhe intsimi uyilungiselela ngemiqolo eyi-75cm. Le ndlela wayikhetha ngokuba akayi tshintsha tshintshi yaye ilungelelana kakuhle nesinye isityalo sotshintsho esilandela eso, ngoba kwi-cabbage imisele yombiwe ngobunzulu obuyi-8cm igcwaliswe nge-compost malunga ne 3-4 liter nge meter. Lento ibangela ukuba imnike umhlaba ochumileyo.

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Tess Gebers’ Sweetcorn Xa ityalwa i-cabbage iDibble stick ibisetyenziswe ukomba imingxuma yesithole, ukuze ilungelelane nentambo yokulinganisa eyi-45cm. Izithole ke zifakwa emingxunyeni zibe sele zixinzelelwa emacaleni kunkcenkceshelo olungamathontsi ungalubeka ngentla kwezithole. Isichumiso sangaphezulu senziwa kathathu kwiveki ezintathu ukondla i-cabbage. U-Tess akatyali emhlabeni onyusiweyo nangona nobubusika budlulileyo bebubanda kwaye kumanzi ibangela nokuba umhlaba ume amanzi yaba yimeko engaqhelekanga kuye waze womba imisele ukudlulisa amanzi entsimini ukuze angemi ezityalweni zakhe. Ekuhambeni kwamaxesha le miqolo eyi-75cm iqalisa umhlaba uzenzekele ngokuhlangana kwe-compost nezikhondo zezityalo.

8. Bibliography 1) Farming God’s Way Trainer’s Reference Guide. GW Dryden, 2009. 2) The A-Z of Vegetable Gardening in South Africa. J Hadfield, 2001. 3) Gardening without Work. Ruth Stout, 1970 4) FAO - Crop datasheets 5) Organic Gardening the Natural no dig Way. Charles Dowding, 2010.

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