fcmv 8.docx

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/fcmv-8docx 1/158

Part 392

DRIVING OF COMMERCIAL MOTOR

VEHICLES

§ 392.1: Scope of the rules in this part.

Every motor carrier, its officers, agents, representatives, and employees responsible for the

management, maintenance, operation, or driving of commercial motor vehicles, or the

hiring, supervising, training, assigning, or dispatching of drivers, shall be instructed in and

comply with the rules in this part.

Citation: [53 FR 1!5", #ay 1$, 1$, as amended at %! FR 3"&%, 'uly (, 1$$5)

§ 392.2: Applicable operating rules.

Every commercial motor vehicle must be operated in accordance with the laws, ordinances,

and regulations of the *urisdiction in which it is being operated. +owever, if a regulation of

the Federal #otor arrier -afety dministration imposes a higher standard of care than that

law, ordinance or regulation, the Federal #otor arrier -afety dministration regulation

must be complied with.

Citation: [35 FR "!!, #ay (1, 1$"!, as amended at %! FR 3"&%, 'uly (, 1$$5)

§ 392.3: Ill or fatigued operator.

Section

/o driver shall operate a commercial motor vehicle, and a motor carrier shall not re0uire or

permit a driver to operate a commercial motor vehicle, while the drivers ability or alertness

is so impaired, or so li2ely to become impaired, through fatigue, illness, or any other cause,

as to ma2e it unsafe for himher to begin or continue to operate the commercial motor

vehicle. +owever, in a case of grave emergency where the ha4ard to occupants of the

commercial motor vehicle or other users of the highway would be increased by compliance

http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/title49/section/392.3?section


7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


with this section, the driver may continue to operate the commercial motor vehicle to the

nearest place at which that ha4ard is removed.

Citation: [35 FR "!!, #ay (1, 1$"!, as amended at %! FR 3"&%, 'uly (, 1$$5)

Guidance

Question 1: hat protection is afforded a dri!er for refusing to !iolate the "ederal

#otor Carrier Safet$ %egulations &"#CS%s'(

Guidance: -ection &!5 of the -urface ransportation ssistance ct of 1$( 6-7 6&$

8.-.. 311!57 states, in part, that no person shall discharge, discipline, or in any manner

discriminate against an employee with respect to the employee9s compensation, terms,

conditions, or privileges of employment for refusing to operate a vehicle when such

operation constitutes a violation of any Federal rule, regulation, standard, or order

applicable to ommercial #otor :ehicle 6#:7 safety. ;n such a case, a driver may submit a

signed complaint to the <ccupational -afety and +ealth dministration.

§ 392.): *rugs and other substances.

6a7 /o driver shall be on duty and possess, be under the influence of, or use, any of the

following drugs or other substances=617 ny (1 FR 13!.11 -chedule ; substance>

6(7 n amphetamine or any formulation thereof 6including, but not limited, to ?pep pills,@

and ?bennies@7>

637 narcotic drug or any derivative thereof> or

6&7 ny other substance, to a degree which renders the driver incapable of safely operating

a motor vehicle.

6b7 /o motor carrier shall re0uire or permit a driver to violate paragraph 6a7 of this section.

6c7 Aaragraphs 6a7 6(7, 637, and 6&7 do not apply to the possession or use of a substance

administered to a driver by or under the instructions of a licensed medical practitioner, as

defined in B 3(.1!" of this subchapter, who has advised the driver that the substance will

not affect the drivers ability to safely operate a motor vehicle.

6d7 s used in this section, ?possession@ does not include possession of a substance which is

manifested and transported as part of a shipment.

Citation: [%1 FR $5%", #ar. , 1$$%, as amended at %( FR 3"153, 'uly 11, 1$$")

§ 392.+: Alcohol prohibition.

http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/title49/section/392.3?guidance


7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Section

6a7 /o driver shallC

617 8se alcohol, as defined in B 3(.1!" of this subchapter, or be under the influence of

alcohol, within & hours before going on duty or operating, or having physical control of, a

commercial motor vehicle> or

6(7 8se alcohol, be under the influence of alcohol, or have any measured alcohol

concentration or detected presence of alcohol, while on duty, or operating, or in physical

control of a commercial motor vehicle> or

637 De on duty or operate a commercial motor vehicle while the driver possesses wine of not

less than onehalf of one per centum of alcohol by volume, beer as defined in (% 8.-..

5!5(6a7, of the ;nternal Revenue ode of 1$5&, and distilled spirits as defined in section

5!!(6a767, of such ode. +owever, this does not apply to possession of wine, beer, or

distilled spirits which are=

6i7 #anifested and transported as part of a shipment> or

6ii7 Aossessed or used by bus passengers.

6b7 /o motor carrier shall re0uire or permit a driver toC

617 :iolate any provision of paragraph 6a7 of this section> or

6(7 De on duty or operate a commercial motor vehicle if, by the drivers general appearance

or conduct or by other substantiating evidence, the driver appears to have used alcohol

within the preceding four hours.

6c7 ny driver who is found to be in violation of the provisons of paragraph 6a7 or 6b7 of thissection shall be placed outofservice immediately for a period of (& hours.

617 he (&hour outofservice period will commence upon issuance of an outofservice

order.

6(7 /o driver shall violate the terms of an outofservice order issued under this section.

6d7 ny driver who is issued an outofservice order under this section shall=

617 Report such issuance to hisher employer within (& hours> and

6(7 Report such issuance to a -tate official, designated by the -tate which issued hisher

drivers license, within 3! days unless the driver chooses to re0uest a review of the order. ;n

this case, the driver shall report the order to the -tate official within 3! days of an

affirmation of the order by either the ivision dministrator or -tate irector for the

geographical area or the dministrator.

6e7 ny driver who is sub*ect to an outofservice order under this section may petition for

review of that order by submitting a petition for review in writing within 1! days of the

issuance of the order to the ivision dministrator or -tate irector for the geographical

area in which the order was issued. he ivision dministrator or -tate irector may affirm

or reverse the order. ny driver adversely affected by such order of the Regional irector of

#otor arriers may petition the dministrator for review in accordance with &$ FR 3%.13.



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Citation: [&" FR &"3", <ct. (, 1$(, as amended at 5( FR ("(!1, 'uly (!, 1$"> 5$ FR

"515, Feb. 15, 1$$&> %1 FR $5%", #ar. , 1$$%)

Guidance

Question 1: *o possession and use of alcoholic be!erages in the passenger area of

a ,otorcoach constitute -possession- of such be!erages under §392.+&a'&3'(

Guidance: /o.

Question 2: Can a ,otor carrier /hich finds a dri!er /ith a detectable presence of

alcohol place hi,0her out of ser!ice in accordance /ith §392.+(

Guidance: /o. he term Gout of serviceG in the conteHt of B3$(.5 refers to an act by a

-tate or Federal official. +owever, the motor carrier must prevent the driver from being on

duty or from operating or being in physical control of a ommercial #otor :ehicle 6#:7 for

at least as long as is necessary to prevent a violation of B3$(.5.

Question 3: *oes the prohibition against carr$ing alcoholic be!erages

in §392.+ appl$ to a dri!er /ho uses a co,pan$ !ehicle for personal reasons

/hile offdut$(

Guidance: /o. For eHample, an owneroperator using hisher own vehicle in an offduty

status, or a driver using a company truc2 or tractor for transportation to a motel,

restaurant, or home, would normally be outside the scope of this section.

Question ): ould an alcohol test perfor,ed b$ an e,plo$er pursuant to )9 C"%

part 32 /ith a result greater than . 4AC but less than .2 4AC establish

that a dri!er /as in !iolation of )9 C"% 392.+&a'&2' ha!ing an$ ,easured alcohol

concentration /hile on dut$(

Guidance: /o. he Federal +ighway dministration 6F+I7 believes that a !.!( D is the

lowest level at which a scientifically accurate breathblood alcohol concentration can be

measured in an employerbased test under part 3(. he F+I further believes that this

use of a !.!( D standard is consistent with F+I9s long established 4ero tolerance

standard for alcohol. his guidance in no way impedes or preclude

§ 392.5: Schedules to confor, /ith speed li,its.


http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/title49/section/392.5




http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/title49/part/382













7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Section

/o motor carrier shall schedule a run nor permit nor re0uire the operation of anycommercial motor vehicle between points in such period of time as would necessitate the

commercial motor vehicle being operated at speeds greater than those prescribed by the

*urisdictions in or through which the commercial motor vehicle is being operated.

Citation: [33 FR 1$"3(, ec. (5, 1$%, as amended at %! FR 3"&%, 'uly (, 1$$5)

Guidance

Question 1: 6o/ ,an$ ,iles ,a$ a dri!er record on his0her dail$ record of dut$

status and still be presu,ed to be in co,pliance /ith the speed li,its(

Guidance: rivers are re0uired to conform to the posted speed limits prescribed by the

*urisdictions in or through which the vehicle is being operated. Ihere the total trip is on

highways with a speed limit of %5 mph, trips of 55!%!! miles completed in 1! hours are

considered 0uestionable and the motor carrier may be as2ed to document that such trips

can be made. rips of %!! miles or more will be assumed to be incapable of being completed

with out violations of the speed limits and may be re0uired to be documented. ;n areas

where a 55 mph speed limit is in effect, trips of &5!5!! miles are open to 0uestion, and

runs of 5!! miles or more are considered incapable of being made in compliance with the

speed limit and hours of service limitation.

§ 392.7: 8uip,ent inspection and use.

Section

6a7 /o commercial motor vehicle shall be driven unless the driver is satisfied that the

following parts and accessories are in good wor2ing order, nor shall any driver fail to use or

ma2e use of such parts and accessories when and as needed=

6b7 rivers preparing to transport intermodal e0uipment must ma2e an inspection of the

following components, and must be satisfied they are in good wor2ing order before the

e0uipment is operated over the road. rivers who operate the e0uipment over the road shall







7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


be deemed to have confirmed the following components were in good wor2ing order when

the driver accepted the e0uipment=

Citation: [33 FR 1$"3(, ec. (5, 1$%, as amended at %! FR 3"&%, 'uly (, 1$$5> "3 FR

"%(3, ec. 1", (!!> "& FR %"!, ec. ($, (!!$)

Guidance

Question 1:

Guidance:

Question 2:

Guidance:

§ 392.: 8,ergenc$ euip,ent inspection and use.

/o commercial motor vehicle shall be driven unless the driver thereof is satisfied that the

emergency e0uipment re0uired by B 3$3.$5 of this subchapter is in place and ready for use>

nor shall any driver fail to use or ma2e use of such e0uipment when and as needed.

Citation: [&$ FR 3($!, -ept. (, 1$&, as amended at %! FR 3"&%, 'uly (, 1$$5)

§ 392.9b: rohibited transportation.

6a7 8-< Registration re0uired. commercial motor vehicle providing transportation in

interstate commerce must not be operated without a 8-< Registration and an active

8-< /umber.

6b7 Aenalties. ;f it is determined that the motor carrier responsible for the operation of such

a vehicle is operating in violation of paragraph 6a7 of this section, it may be sub*ect to

penalties in accordance with &$ 8.-.. 5(1.

Citation: [" FR 5(%55, ug. (3, (!13)

§ 392.9: Inspection of cargo cargo secure,ent de!icesand s$ste,s.



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


• Section

6a7 Jeneral. driver may not operate a commercial motor vehicle and a motor carrier may

not re0uire or permit a driver to operate a commercial motor vehicle unlessC

617 he commercial motor vehicles cargo is properly distributed and ade0uately secured asspecified in BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.13% of this subchapter.

6(7 he commercial motor vehicles tailgate, tailboard, doors, tarpaulins, spare tire and

other e0uipment used in its operation, and the means of fastening the commercial motor

vehicles cargo, are secured> and

637 he commercial motor vehicles cargo or any other ob*ect does not obscure the drivers

view ahead or to the right or left sides 6eHcept for drivers of selfsteer dollies7, interfere with

the free movement of hisher arms or legs, prevent hisher free and ready access to

accessories re0uired for emergencies, or prevent the free and ready eHit of any person from

the commercial motor vehicles cab or drivers compartment.

6b7 rivers of truc2s and truc2 tractors. EHcept as provided in paragraph 6b76&7 of this

section, the driver of a truc2 or truc2 tractor mustC

617 ssure himselfherself that the provisions of paragraph 6a7 of this section have been

complied with before heshe drives that commercial motor vehicle>

6(7 ;nspect the cargo and the devices used to secure the cargo within the first 5! miles after

beginning a trip and cause any ad*ustments to be made to the cargo or load securement

devices as necessary, including adding more securement devices, to ensure that cargo

cannot shift on or within, or fall from the commercial motor vehicle> and

637 ReeHamine the commercial motor vehicles cargo and its load securement devices during

the course of transportation and ma2e any necessary ad*ustment to the cargo or load

securement devices, including adding more securement devices, to ensure that cargo

cannot shift on or within, or fall from, the commercial motor vehicle. ReeHamination and any

necessary ad*ustments must be made wheneverC

6i7 he driver ma2es a change of hisher duty status> or

6ii7 he commercial motor vehicle has been driven for 3 hours> or

6iii7 he commercial motor vehicle has been driven for 15! miles, whichever occurs first.

6&7 he rules in this paragraph 6b7 do not apply to the driver of a sealed commercial motor

vehicle who has been ordered not to open it to inspect its cargo or to the driver of a

commercial motor vehicle that has been loaded in a manner that ma2es inspection of its

cargo impracticable.

Citation: [%" FR %1((&, -ept. (", (!!(, as amended at "( FR 55"!3, <ct. 1, (!!")

Guidance

Question 1: Is a !ehicle;s cargo co,part,ent considered sealed according to the

ter,s of §392.9&b'&)' /hen it is secured /ith a padloc< to /hich the dri!er holds

a <e$(







7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance: /o. he driver has ready access to the cargo compartment by using the padloc2

2ey and would be re0uired to perform the eHaminations of the cargo and loadsecuring

devices described in B3$(.$6b7.

Question 2: *oes the "ederal 6igh/a$ Ad,inistration &"6A' ha!e authorit$ to

enforce the safe loading reuire,ents against a shipper that is not the ,otor

carrier(

Guidance: /o, unless +# as defined in B1"(.1!1 are involved. ;t is the responsibility of the

motor carrier and the driver to ensure that any cargo aboard a vehicle is properly loaded

and secured.

Question 3: 6o/ ,a$ the ,otor carrier deter,ine safe loading /hen a shipper has

loaded and sealed the trailer(

Guidance: 8nder these circumstances, a motor carrier may fulfill its responsibilities for

proper loading a number of ways. EHamples are=

• a. rrange for supervision of loading to determine compliance> or

• b. <btain notation on the connecting line freight bill that the lading was properly

loaded> or

• c. <btain approval to brea2 the seal to permit inspection.

Question ): Is there a reuire,ent that a dri!er ,ust personall$ load bloc<

brace and tie do/n the cargo on the propert$ carr$ing Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle

&C#=' he0she dri!es(

Guidance: /o. Dut the driver is re0uired to be familiar with methods and procedures for

securing cargo, and may have to ad*ust the cargo or load securing devices pursuant

to B3$(.$6b7.

§ 392.1: %ailroad grade crossings> stopping reuired.

Section









7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6a7 EHcept as provided in paragraph 6b7 of this section, the driver of a commercial motor

vehicle specified in paragraphs 6a7 617 through 6%7 of this section shall not cross a railroad

trac2 or trac2s at grade unless heshe first= -tops the commercial motor vehicle within 5!

feet of, and not closer than 15 feet to, the trac2s> thereafter listens and loo2s in each

direction along the trac2s for an approaching train> and ascertains that no train is

approaching. Ihen it is safe to do so, the driver may drive the commercial motor vehicleacross the trac2s in a gear that permits the commercial motor vehicle to complete the

crossing without a change of gears. he driver must not shift gears while crossing the

trac2s.

617 Every bus transporting passengers,

6(7 Every commercial motor vehicle transporting any 0uantity of a ivision (.3 chlorine.

637 Every commercial motor vehicle which, in accordance with the regulations of the

epartment of ransportation, is re0uired to be mar2ed or placarded with one of the

following classifications=

6i7 ivision 1.1

6ii7 ivision 1.(, or ivision 1.36iii7 ivision (.3 Aoison gas

6iv7 ivision &.3

6v7 lass "

6vi7 lass 3 Flammable

6vii7 ivision 5.1

6viii7 ivision (.(

6iH7 ivision (.3 hlorine

6H7 ivision %.1 Aoison

6Hi7 ivision (.( <Hygen

6Hii7 ivision (.1

6Hiii7 lass 3 ombustible li0uid

6Hiv7 ivision &.1

6Hv7 ivision 5.1

6Hvi7 ivision 5.(

6Hvii7 lass

6Hviii7 ivision 1.&

6&7 Every cargo tan2 motor vehicle, whether loaded or empty, used for the transportation of

any ha4ardous material as defined in the +a4ardous #aterials Regulations of the

epartment of ransportation, parts 1!" through 1! of this title.

657 Every cargo tan2 motor vehicle transporting a commodity which at the time of loading

has a temperature above its flashpoint as determined by B 1"3.1(! of this title.6%7 Every cargo tan2 motor vehicle, whether loaded or empty, transporting any commodity

under eHemption in accordance with the provisions of subpart D of part 1!" of this title.

6b7 stop need not be made at=

617 streetcar crossing, or railroad trac2s used eHclusively for industrial switching purposes,

within a business district, as defined in B 3$!.5 of this chapter.

6(7 railroad grade crossing when a police officer or crossing flagman directs traffic to

proceed,

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


637 railroad grade crossing controlled by a functioning highway traffic signal transmitting a

green indication which, under local law, permits the commercial motor vehicle to proceed

across the railroad trac2s without slowing or stopping.

6&7 n abandoned railroad grade crossing which is mar2ed with a sign indicating that the rail

line is abandoned,

657 n industrial or spur line railroad grade crossing mar2ed with a sign reading ?EHempt.@-uch ?EHempt@ signs shall be erected only by or with the consent of the appropriate -tate or

local authority.

Citation: [33 FR 1$"3(, ec. (5, 1$%, as amended at 35 FR "!1, #ay (1, 1$"!> 3 FR

15$, 'an. 1%, 1$"3> &! FR &&555, -ept. ($, 1$"5> &5 FR &%&(&, 'uly 1!, 1$!> &" FR

&"3", <ct. (, 1$(> 5$ FR %3$(&, ec. 1(, 1$$&> %! FR 3"&%, 3"&", 'uly (, 1$$5)

Guidance

Question 1: Is §392.1&a'&)' applicable to dri!ers operating cargo tan< !ehicles

that /ere used to transport ha?ardous ,aterials for /hich placarding or ,ar<ing

/as reuired but are no longer reuired because the cargo tan< has been

e,ptied or the uantit$ of the ,aterial has been reduced or the te,perature or

characteristics of the ,aterial ha!e changed(

Guidance:

/o, provided the cargo tan2 vehicle no longer displays placards or mar2ings indicating that

the vehicle is transporting ha4ardous materials for which placarding or mar2ing is re0uired,

and either= 617 the vehicle has been sufficiently cleaned of residue and purged of vapors> or

6(7 the vehicle is refilled with a material which is not a ha4ardous material> or 637 the

original material no longer is an elevated temperature material or otherwise is no longer

considered ha4ardous according to the regulations.

lthough B3$(.1!6a76&7 does not distinguish between loaded and empty cargo tan2

vehicles, or cargo tan2 vehicles transporting materials or substances that are not, at the

time the vehicle is being driven across the railroad grade crossing, re0uired to be placardedor mar2ed, the Federal #otor arrier -afety dministration intends that the scope of the

regulation be limited to those cases in which the vehicle is placarded or mar2ed.

§ 392.11: %ailroad grade crossings> slo/ing do/nreuired.







7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Every commercial motor vehicle other than those listed in B 3$(.1! shall, upon approaching

a railroad grade crossing, be driven at a rate of speed which will permit said commercial

motor vehicle to be stopped before reaching the nearest rail of such crossing and shall not

be driven upon or over such crossing until due caution has been ta2en to ascertain that the

course is clear.

Citation: [33 FR 1$"3(, ec. (5, 1$%, as amended at %! FR 3"&", 'uly (, 1$$5)

§ 392.12: 6igh/a$rail crossings> safe clearance.

/o driver of a commercial motor vehicle shall drive onto a highwayrail grade crossing

without having sufficient space to drive completely through the crossing without stopping.

Citation: [" FR 5$(3, -ept. (5, (!13)

§ 392.1): 6a?ardous conditions> e@tre,e caution

Section

EHtreme caution in the operation of a commercial motor vehicle shall be eHercised when

ha4ardous conditions, such as those caused by snow, ice, sleet, fog, mist, rain, dust, or

smo2e, adversely affect visibility or traction. -peed shall be reduced when such conditions

eHist. ;f conditions become sufficiently dangerous, the operation of the commercial motorvehicle shall be discontinued and shall not be resumed until the commercial motor vehicle

can be safely operated. Ihenever compliance with the foregoing provisions of this rule

increases ha4ard to passengers, the commercial motor vehicle may be operated to the

nearest point at which the safety of passengers is assured.


Guidance

Question 1: ho ,a<es the deter,ination the dri!er or carrier that conditions

are sufficientl$ dangerous to /arrant discontinuing the operation of a Co,,ercial

#otor =ehicle &C#='(

Guidance: 8nder this section, the driver is clearly responsible for the safe operation of the

vehicle and the decision to cease operation because of ha4ardous condition





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


§ 392.15: se of seat belts.

Section

commercial motor vehicle which has a seat belt assembly installed at the drivers seat

shall not be driven unless the driver has properly restrained himselfherself with the seat

belt assembly.

Citation: [35 FR 1!%!, 'uly 3, 1$"!, as amended at %! FR 3"&", 'uly (, 1$$5)

Guidance

Question 1: #a$ a dri!er be e@e,pted fro, /earing seat belts because of a

,edical condition such as claustrophobia(

Guidance: /o.

Question 2: Are ,otorcoach passengers reuired to /ear seat belts(

Guidance: /o.

§ 392.22: 8,ergenc$ signals> stopped co,,ercial ,otor!ehicles.

6a7 +a4ard warning signal flashers. Ihenever a commercial motor vehicle is stopped upon

the traveled portion of a highway or the shoulder of a highway for any cause other than

necessary traffic stops, the driver of the stopped commercial motor vehicle shall

immediately activate the vehicular ha4ard warning signal flashers and continue the flashing

until the driver places the warning devices re0uired by paragraph 6b7 of this section. he

flashing signals shall be used during the time the warning devices are pic2ed up for storage

before movement of the commercial motor vehicle. he flashing lights may be used at other

times while a commercial motor vehicle is stopped in addition to, but not in lieu of, the

warning devices re0uired by paragraph 6b7 of this section.





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6b7 Alacement of warning devicesC617 Jeneral rule. EHcept as provided in paragraph 6b76(7

of this section, whenever a commercial motor vehicle is stopped upon the traveled portion

or the shoulder of a highway for any cause other than necessary traffic stops, the driver

shall, as soon as possible, but in any event within 1! minutes, place the warning devices

re0uired by B 3$3.$5 of this subchapter, in the following manner=

6i7 <ne on the traffic side of and & paces 6approHimately 3 meters or 1! feet7 from thestopped commercial motor vehicle in the direction of approaching traffic>

6ii7 <ne at &! paces 6approHimately 3! meters or 1!! feet7 from the stopped commercial

motor vehicle in the center of the traffic lane or shoulder occupied by the commercial motor

vehicle and in the direction of approaching traffic> and

6iii7 <ne at &! paces 6approHimately 3! meters or 1!! feet7 from the stopped commercial

motor vehicle in the center of the traffic lane or shoulder occupied by the commercial motor

vehicle and in the direction away from approaching traffic.

6(7 -pecial rulesC6i7 Fusees and li0uidburning flares. he driver of a commercial motor

vehicle e0uipped with only fusees or li0uidburning flares shall place a lighted fusee or

li0uidburning flare at each of the locations specified in paragraph 6b7617 of this section.here shall be at least one lighted fusee or li0uidburning flare at each of the prescribed

locations, as long as the commercial motor vehicle is stopped. Defore the stopped

commercial motor vehicle is moved, the driver shall eHtinguish and remove each fusee or

li0uidburning flare.

6ii7 aylight hours. EHcept as provided in paragraph 6b76(76iii7 of this section, during the

period lighted lamps are not re0uired, three bidirectional reflective triangles, or three lighted

fusees or li0uidburning flares shall be placed as specified in paragraph 6b7617 of this section

within a time of 1! minutes. ;n the event the driver elects to use only fusees or li0uid

burning flares in lieu of bidirectional reflective triangles or red flags, the driver must ensure

that at least one fusee or li0uidburning flare remains lighted at each of the prescribed

locations as long as the commercial motor vehicle is stopped or par2ed.

6iii7 Dusiness or residential districts. he placement of warning devices is not re0uired within

the business or residential district of a municipality, eHcept during the time lighted lamps

are re0uired and when street or highway lighting is insufficient to ma2e a commercial motor

vehicle clearly discernable at a distance of 5!! feet to persons on the highway.

6iv7 +ills, curves, and obstructions. ;f a commercial motor vehicle is stopped within 5!! feet

of a curve, crest of a hill, or other obstruction to view, the driver shall place the warning

signal re0uired by paragraph 6b7617 of this section in the direction of the obstruction to view

a distance of 1!! feet to 5!! feet from the stopped commercial motor vehicle so as to

afford ample warning to other users of the highway.

6v7 ivided or oneway roads. ;f a commercial motor vehicle is stopped upon the traveledportion or the shoulder of a divided or oneway highway, the driver shall place the warning

devices re0uired by paragraph 6b7617 of this section, one warning device at a distance of

(!! feet and one warning device at a distance of 1!! feet in a direction toward approaching

traffic in the center of the lane or shoulder occupied by the commercial motor vehicle.

+eshe shall place one warning device at the traffic side of the commercial motor vehicle

within 1! feet of the rear of the commercial motor vehicle.

6vi7 Kea2ing, flammable material. ;f gasoline or any other flammable li0uid, or combustible

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


li0uid or gas seeps or lea2s from a fuel container or a commercial motor vehicle stopped

upon a highway, no emergency warning signal producing a flame shall be lighted or placed

eHcept at such a distance from any such li0uid or gas as will assure the prevention of a fire

or eHplosion.

Citation: [3" FR 1"1"5, ug. (5, 1$"(, as amended at &! FR 1!%5, #ar. ", 1$"5> &" FR

&"3", <ct. (, 1$(> & FR 5"13$, ec. (3, 1$3> 5$ FR 3&"11, 'uly %, 1$$&> %! FR

3"&", 'uly (, 1$$5> %3 FR 33("$, 'une 1, 1$$)

§ 392.2): 8,ergenc$ signals> fla,eproducing.

/o driver shall attach or permit any person to attach a lighted fusee or other flame

producing emergency signal to any part of a commercial motor vehicle.


§ 392.2+: "la,e producing de!ices.

/o driver shall use or permit the use of any flameproducing emergency signal for

protecting any commercial motor vehicle transporting ivision 1.1, ivision 1.(, or ivision

1.3 eHplosives> any cargo tan2 motor vehicle used for the transportation of any lass 3 or

ivision (.1, whether loaded or empty> or any commercial motor vehicle using compressed

gas as a motor fuel. ;n lieu thereof, emergency reflective triangles, red electric lanterns, or

red emergency reflectors shall be used, the placement of which shall be in the same manner

as prescribed in B 3$(.((6b7.

Citation: [5$ FR %3$(5, ec. 1(, 1$$&, as amended at %! FR 3"&", 'uly (, 1$$5)

§ 392.33: Bbscured la,ps or reflecti!e de!ices0,aterial.

6a7 /o commercial motor vehicle shall be driven when any of the lamps or reflective

devicesmaterial re0uired by subpart D of part 3$3 of this title are obscured by the

tailboard, or by any part of the load or its covering, by dirt, or other added vehicle or wor2

e0uipment or otherwise.

6b7 EHception. he conspicuity treatments on the front end protection devices of the trailermay be obscured by part of the load being transported.

Citation: ["! FR &!(5, ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 392.+: Ignition of fuel> pre!ention.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


/o driver or any employee of a motor carrier shall=

6a7 Fuel a commercial motor vehicle with the engine running, eHcept when it is necessary to

run the engine to fuel the commercial motor vehicle>

6b7 -mo2e or eHpose any open flame in the vicinity of a commercial motor vehicle being

fueled>

6c7 Fuel a commercial motor vehicle unless the no44le of the fuel hose is continuously incontact with the inta2e pipe of the fuel tan2>

6d7 Aermit, insofar as practicable, any other person to engage in such activities as would be

li2ely to result in fire or eHplosion.


§ 392.+1: %eser!e fuel> ,aterials of trade.

-mall amounts of fuel for the operation or maintenance of a commercial motor vehicle

6including its auHiliary e0uipment7 may be designated as materials of trade 6see &$ FR

1"1.7.

6a7 he aggregate gross weight of all materials of trade on a motor vehicle may not eHceed

(!! 2g 6&&! pounds7.

6b7 Aac2aging for gasoline must be made of metal or plastic and conform to re0uirements of

&$ FR Aarts 1"1, 1"(, 1"3, and 1" or re0uirements of the <ccupational -afety and +ealth

dministration contained in ($ FR 1$1!.1!%.

6c7 For Aac2ing Jroup ;; 6including gasoline7, Aac2ing Jroup ;;; 6including aviation fuel and

fuel oil7, or <R#, the material is limited to 3! 2g 6%% pounds7 or 3! K 6 gallons7.

6d7 For diesel fuel, the capacity of the pac2age is limited to &5! K 611$ gallons7.

6e7 ivision (.1 material in a cylinder is limited to a gross weight of 1!! 2g 6((! pounds7.6 ivision (.1 material is a flammable gas, including li0uefied petroleum gas, butane,

propane, li0uefied natural gas, and methane7.

Citation: [%3 FR 33("$, 'une 1, 1$$)

§ 392.5: nauthori?ed persons not to be transported.

Section

6a7 8nless specifically authori4ed in writing to do so by the motor carrier under whose

authority the commercial motor vehicle is being operated, no driver shall transport any

person or permit any person to be transported on any commercial motor vehicle other than



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


a bus. Ihen such authori4ation is issued, it shall state the name of the person to be

transported, the points where the transportation is to begin and end, and the date upon

which such authority eHpires. /o written authori4ation, however, shall be necessary for the

transportation of=

617 Employees or other persons assigned to a commercial motor vehicle by a motor carrier>

6(7 ny person transported when aid is being rendered in case of an accident or otheremergency>

637 n attendant delegated to care for livestoc2.

6b7 his section shall not apply to the operation of commercial motor vehicles controlled and

operated by any farmer and used in the transportation of agricultural commodities or

products thereof from hisher farm or in the transportation of supplies to hisher farm.

Citation: [%! FR 3"&", 'uly (, 1$$5)

Guidance

Question 1: *oes §392.5 reuire a dri!er to carr$ a cop$ of the /ritten

authori?ation &reuired to transport passengers' on board a Co,,ercical #otor

=ehicle &C#='(

Guidance: /o, the authori4ation must be maintained at the carrier9s principal place of

business. t the discretion of the motor carrier, a driver may also carry a copy of the

authori4ation.

§ 392.52: Safe operation buses.

/o person shall drive a bus and a motor carrier shall not re0uire or permit a person to drive

a bus unlessC

6a7 ll standees on the bus are rearward of the standee line or other means prescribed in B

3$3.$! of this subchapter>

6b7 ll aisle seats in the bus conform to the re0uirements of B 3$3.$1 of this subchapter>

and

6c7 Daggage or freight on the bus is stowed and secured in a manner which assuresC

617 8nrestricted freedom of movement to the driver and his proper operation of the bus>

6(7 8nobstructed access to all eHits by any occupant of the bus> and637 Arotection of occupants of the bus against in*ury resulting from the falling or

displacement of articles transported in the bus.

Citation: [%3 FR 33(", 'une 1, 1$$)

§ 392.53: o/ing or pushing loaded buses.





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


/o disabled bus with passengers aboard shall be towed or pushed> nor shall any person use

or permit to be used a bus with passengers aboard for the purpose of towing or pushing any

disabled motor vehicle, eHcept in such circumstances where the ha4ard to passengers would

be increased by observance of the foregoing provisions of this section, and then only in

traveling to the nearest point where the safety of the passengers is assured.


§ 392.5): %iding /ithin closed co,,ercial ,otor !ehicles/ithout proper e@its.

/o person shall ride within the closed body of any commercial motor vehicle unless there

are means on the inside thereof of obtaining eHit. -aid means shall be in such condition as

to permit ready operation by the occupant.


§ 392.55: Carbon ,ono@ide> use of co,,ercial ,otor!ehicle /hen detected.

6a7 /o person shall dispatch or drive any commercial motor vehicle or permit any

passengers thereon, when the following conditions are 2nown to eHist, until such conditions

have been remedied or repaired=

617 Ihere an occupant has been affected by carbon monoHide>

6(7 Ihere carbon monoHide has been detected in the interior of the commercial motorvehicle>

637 Ihen a mechanical condition of the commercial motor vehicle is discovered which would

be li2ely to produce a ha4ard to the occupants by reason of carbon monoHide.

6b7 [Reserved)

Citation: [%! FR 3"&", 'uly (, 1$$5)

§ 392.57: 6eater fla,eproducing> on co,,ercial ,otor!ehicle in ,otion.

/o open flame heater used in the loading or unloading of the commodity transported shall

be in operation while the commercial motor vehicle is in motion.


§ 392.71: %adar detectors> use and0or possession.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6a7 /o driver shall use a radar detector in a commercial motor vehicle, or operate a

commercial motor vehicle that is e0uipped with or contains any radar detector.

6b7 /o motor carrier shall re0uire or permit a driver to violate paragraph 6a7 of this section.

Citation: [5 FR %"3"5, ec. (1, 1$$3)

§ 392.: rohibition against te@ting.

6a7 Arohibition. /o driver shall engage in teHting while driving.

6b7 #otor carriers. /o motor carrier shall allow or re0uire its drivers to engage in teHting

while driving.

6c7 efinition. For the purpose of this section only, driving means operating a commercial

motor vehicle, with the motor running, including while temporarily stationary because of

traffic, a traffic control device, or other momentary delays. riving does not include

operating a commercial motor vehicle with or without the motor running when the driver

moved the vehicle to the side of, or off, a highway, as defined in &$ FR 3$!.5, and halted

in a location where the vehicle can safely remain stationary.

6d7 Emergency eHception. eHting while driving is permissible by drivers of a commercial

motor vehicle when necessary to communicate with law enforcement officials or other

emergency services.

Citation: ["5 FR 5$13%, -ept. (", (!1!, as amended at "% FR "5&", ec. (, (!11)

§ 392.2: sing a handheld ,obile telephone.

6a7617 /o driver shall use a handheld mobile telephone while driving a #:.

6(7 /o motor carrier shall allow or re0uire its drivers to use a handheld mobile telephone

while driving a #:.

6b7 efinitions. For the purpose of this section only, driving means operating a commercial

motor vehicle on a highway, including while temporarily stationary because of traffic, a

traffic control device, or other momentary delays. riving does not include operating a

commercial motor vehicle when the driver has moved the vehicle to the side of, or off, a

highway and has halted in a location where the vehicle can safely remain stationary.

6c7 Emergency eHception. 8sing a handheld mobile telephone is permissible by drivers of a

#: when necessary to communicate with law enforcement officials or other emergency

services.

Citation: ["% FR "5&", ec. (, (!11)

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Part 393

PARTS AND ACCESSORIES NECESSARY

FOR SAFE OPERATION

§ 393.1: Scope of the rules in this part.

6a7 he rules in this part establish minimum standards for commercial motor vehicles as

defined in B 3$!.5 of this title. <nly motor vehicles 6as defined in B 3$!.57 and

combinations of motor vehicles which meet the definition of a commercial motor vehicle are

sub*ect to the re0uirements of this part. ll re0uirements that refer to motor vehicles with a

J:IR below &,53% 2g 61!,!!1 pounds7 are applicable only when the motor vehicle orcombination of motor vehicles meets the definition of a commercial motor vehicle.

6b7617 Every motor carrier and its employees must be 2nowledgeable of and comply with

the re0uirements and specifications of this part.

6(7 Every intermodal e0uipment provider and its employees or agents responsible for the

inspection, repair, and maintenance of intermodal e0uipment interchanged to motor carriers

must be 2nowledgeable of and comply with the applicable re0uirements and specifications of

this part.

6c7 /o motor carrier may operate a commercial motor vehicle, or cause or permit such

vehicle to be operated, unless it is e0uipped in accordance with the re0uirements and

specifications of this part.

6d7 /o intermodal e0uipment provider may operate intermodal e0uipment, or cause or

permit such e0uipment to be operated, unless it is e0uipped in accordance with the

re0uirements and specifications of this part.

Citation: ["! FR &!(5, ug. 15, (!!5, as amended at "3 FR "%(3, ec. 1", (!!)

§ 393.3: Additional euip,ent and accessories.

he use of additional e0uipment or accessories in a manner that decreases the safety of

operation of a commercial motor vehicle in interstate commerce is prohibited. /othingcontained in this subchapter shall be construed to prohibit the use of additional e0uipment

and accessories, not inconsistent with or prohibited by this subchapter, provided such

e0uipment and accessories do not decrease the safety of operation of the motor vehicles on

which they are used.

Citation: [" FR 5&&, -ept. (&, (!13)

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


§ 393.+: *efinitions.

As used in this part, the following words and terms are construed to mean:

Aggregate working load limit. The summation of the working load limits or restraining capacity of all

devices used to secure an article of cargo on a vehicle.

Agricultural commodity trailer. A trailer that is designed to transport bulk agricultural commodities inoff-road harvesting sites and to a processing plant or storage location, as evidenced by skeletalconstruction that accommodates harvest containers, a maximum length of 2 feet, and an arrangement of air control lines and reservoirs that minimi!es damage in field operations.

Air brake system. A system, including an air-over-hydraulic brake subsystem, that uses air as amedium for transmitting pressure or force from the driver control to the service brake, but does not includea system that uses compressed air or vacuum only to assist the driver in applying muscular force tohydraulic or mechanical components.

Air-over-hydraulic brake subsystem. A subsystem of the air brake system that uses compressed airto transmit a force from the driver control to a hydraulic brake system to actuate the service brakes.

Anchor point. "art of the structure, fitting or attachment on a vehicle or article of cargo to which atiedown is attached.

Antilock Brake System or ABS means a portion of a service brake system that automatically controlsthe degree of rotational wheel slip during braking by:

#$% &ensing the rate of angular rotation of the wheels'

#2% Transmitting signals regarding the rate of wheel angular rotation to one or more controllingdevices which interpret those signals and generate responsive controlling output signals' and

#(% Transmitting those controlling signals to one or more modulators which ad)ust brake actuatingforces in response to those signals.

Article of cargo. A unit of cargo, other than a li*uid, gas, or aggregate that lacks physical structure#e.g., grain, gravel, etc.% including articles grouped together so that they can be handled as a single unit or uniti!ed by wrapping, strapping, banding or edge protection device#s%.

Auxiliary driving lamp. A lighting device mounted to provide illumination forward of the vehicle which

supplements the upper beam of a standard headlighting system. +t is not intended for use alone or withthe lower beam of a standard headlamp system.

Bell pipe concrete. "ipe whose flanged end is of larger diameter than its barrel.

Blocking. A structure, device or another substantial article placed against or around an article ofcargo to prevent hori!ontal movement of the article of cargo.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Boat trailer. A trailer designed with cradle-type mountings to transport a boat and configured topermit launching of the boat from the rear of the trailer.

Bracing. A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against an article of cargo toprevent it from tipping, that may also prevent it from shifting.

Brake. An energy conversion mechanism used to stop, or hold a vehicle stationary.

Brake power assist unit. A device installed in a hydraulic brake system that reduces the operatoreffort re*uired to actuate the system, but which if inoperative does not prevent the operator from brakingthe vehicle by a continued application of muscular force on the service brake control.

Brake power unit. A device installed in a brake system that provides the energy re*uired to actuatethe brakes, either directly or indirectly through an auxiliary device, with the operator action consisting onlyof modulating the energy application level.

Brake tubing/hose. etallic brake tubing, nonmetallic brake tubing and brake hose are conduits or

lines used in a brake system to transmit or contain the medium #fluid or vacuum% used to apply the motorvehicles brakes.

Chassis. The load-supporting frame of a commercial motor vehicle, exclusive of any appurtenanceswhich might be added to accommodate cargo.

Clearance amps. amps that provide light to the front or rear, mounted on the permanent structureof the vehicle, such that they indicate the overall width of the vehicle.

Container chassis trailer. A semitrailer of skeleton construction limited to a bottom frame, one ormore axles, specially built and fitted with locking devices for the transport of intermodal cargo containers,so that when the chassis and container are assembled, the units serve the same function as an over theroad trailer.

Converter dolly. A motor vehicle consisting of a chassis e*uipped with one or more axles, a fifthwheel and/or e*uivalent mechanism, and drawbar, the attachment of which converts a semitrailer to a fulltrailer.

Crib-type log trailer means a trailer e*uipped with stakes, bunks, a front-end structure, and a rearstructure to restrain logs. The stakes prevent movement of the logs from side to side on the vehicle whilethe front-end and rear structures prevent movement of the logs from front to back on the vehicle.

Curb weight. The weight of a motor vehicle with standard e*uipment, maximum capacity of fuel, oil,

and coolant' and, if so e*uipped, air conditioning and additional weight of optional engine. 0urb weightdoes not include the driver.

!unnage. All loose materials used to support and protect cargo.

!unnage bag. An inflatable bag intended to fill otherwise empty space between articles of cargo, orbetween articles of cargo and the wall of the vehicle.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


"dge protector. A device placed on the exposed edge of an article to distribute tiedown forces over alarger area of cargo than the tiedown itself, to protect the tie-down and/or cargo from damage, and toallow the tiedown to slide freely when being tensioned.

"lectric brake system. A system that uses electric current to actuate the service brake.

"mergency brake. A mechanism designed to stop a motor vehicle after a failure of the service brakesystem.

"mergency brake system. A mechanism designed to stop a vehicle after a single failure occurs inthe service brake system of a part designed to contain compressed air or brake fluid or vacuum #exceptfailure of a common valve, manifold brake fluid housing or brake chamber housing%.

#ifth wheel. A device mounted on a truck tractor or similar towing vehicle #e.g., converter dolly%which interfaces with and couples to the upper coupler assembly of a semitrailer.

#rame vehicle. A vehicle with skeletal structure fitted with one or more bunk units for transporting

logs. A bunk unit consists of 1-shaped front and rear bunks that together cradle logs. The bunks arewelded, gusseted or otherwise firmly fastened to the vehicles main beams, and are an integral part of thevehicle.

#riction mat. A device placed between the deck of a vehicle and article of cargo, or between articlesof cargo, intended to provide greater friction than exists naturally between these surfaces.

#ront fog lamp. A lighting device whose beam provides downward illumination forward of the vehicleand close to the ground, and is to be used only under conditions of rain, snow, dust, smoke or fog. A pairof fog lamps may be used alone, with parking, tail, side, marker, clearance and identification lamps, orwith a lower beam headlamp at the drivers discretion in accordance with state and local use law.

#uel tank fitting. Any removable device affixed to an opening in the fuel tank with the exception ofthe filler cap.

g. The acceleration due to gravity, (2.2 ft/sec2 #.$ m/sec2%.

$rommet. A device that serves as a support and protection to that which passes through it.

%a&ard warning signal. amps that flash simultaneously to the front and rear, on both the right andleft sides of a commercial motor vehicle, to indicate to an approaching driver the presence of a vehicularha!ard.

%ead lamps. amps used to provide general illumination ahead of a motor vehicle.

%eater. Any device or assembly of devices or appliances used to heat the interior of any motorvehicle. This includes a catalytic heater which must meet the re*uirements of 3$44.(5#l%#2% of this titlewhen 0lass ( #flammable li*uid% or 6ivision 2.$ #flammable gas% is transported.

%eavy hauler trailer. A trailer which has one or more of the following characteristics, but which is nota container chassis trailer:

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


#$% +ts brake lines are designed to adapt to separation or extension of the vehicle frame' or

#2% +ts body consists only of a platform whose primary cargo-carrying surface is not more than $,7$8mm #57 inches% above the ground in an unloaded condition, except that it may include sides that aredesigned to be easily removable and a permanent 9front-end structure as that term is used in 3((.$78of this title.

%ook-lift container. A speciali!ed container, primarily used to contain and transport materials in thewaste, recycling, construction/demolition and scrap industries, which is used in con)unction withspeciali!ed vehicles, in which the container is loaded and unloaded onto a tilt frame body by anarticulating hook-arm.

%ydraulic brake system. A system that uses hydraulic fluid as a medium for transmitting force from aservice brake control to the service brake, and that may incorporate a brake power assist unit, or a brakepower unit.

'dentification lamps. amps used to identify certain types of commercial motor vehicles.

'ntegral securement system. A system on certain roll-on/roll-off containers and hook-lift containersand their related transport vehicles in which compatible front and rear hold down devices are mated toprovide securement of the complete vehicle and its articles of cargo.

amp. A device used to produce artificial light.

ength of a manufactured home. The largest exterior length in the traveling mode, including anypro)ections which contain interior space. ength does not include bay windows, roof pro)ections,overhangs, or eaves under which there is no interior space, nor does it include drawbars, couplings orhitches.

icense plate lamp. A lamp used to illuminate the license plate on the rear of a motor vehicle.

ongwood. All logs that are not shortwood, i.e., are over 5. m #$8 feet% long. &uch logs are usuallydescribed as long logs or treelength.

ow chassis vehicle. #$% A trailer or semitrailer manufactured on or after ;anuary 28, $, having achassis which extends behind the rearmost point of the rearmost tires and which has a lower rear surfacethat meets the guard width, height, and rear surface re*uirements of 3<4$.225 in effect on the date ofmanufacture, or a subse*uent edition.

#2% A motor vehicle, not described by paragraph #$% of this definition, having a chassis which extends

behind the rearmost point of the rearmost tires and which has a lower rear surface that meets the guardconfiguration re*uirements of 3((.8#b%#$%.

(anufactured home means a structure, transportable in one or more sections, which in the travelingmode, is eight body feet or more in width or forty body feet or more in length, or, when erected on site, isthree hundred twenty or more s*uare feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to beused as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the re*uired utilities, andincludes the plumbing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems contained therein. 0alculationsused to determine the number of s*uare feet in a structure will be based on the structures exterior

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


dimensions measured at the largest hori!ontal pro)ections when erected on site. These dimensions willinclude all expandable rooms, cabinets, and other pro)ections containing interior space, but do not includebay windows. This term includes all structures which meet the above re*uirements except the si!ere*uirements and with respect to which the manufacturer voluntarily files a certification pursuant to 250=> (22.$( and complies with the standards set forth in 25 0=> part (27.

(etal coil means an article of cargo comprised of elements, mixtures, compounds, or alloyscommonly known as metal, metal foil, metal leaf, forged metal, stamped metal, metal wire, metal rod, ormetal chain that are packaged as a roll, coil, spool, wind, or wrap, including plastic or rubber coatedelectrical wire and communications cable

(ulti-piece windshield. A windshield consisting of two or more windshield gla!ing surface areas.

)arking brake system. A mechanism designed to prevent the movement of a stationary motorvehicle.

)lay. Any free movement of components.

)ulpwood trailer. A trailer or semitrailer that is designed exclusively for harvesting logs or pulpwoodand constructed with a skeletal frame with no means for attachment of a solid bed, body, or container.

*ail vehicle. A vehicle whose skeletal structure is fitted with stakes at the front and rear to containlogs loaded crosswise.

*ear extremity. The rearmost point on a motor vehicle that falls above a hori!ontal plane located<87 mm #22 inches% above the ground and below a hori!ontal plane located $,77 mm #4< inches% abovethe ground when the motor vehicle is stopped on level ground' unloaded' its fuel tanks are full' the tires#and air suspension, if so e*uipped% are inflated in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations'and the motor vehicles cargo doors, tailgate, or other permanent structures are positioned as they

normally are when the vehicle is in motion. ?onstructural protrusions such as taillamps, rubber bumpers,hinges and latches are excluded from the determination of the rearmost point.

*eflective material. A material conforming to =ederal &pecification -&-(77, 9&heeting and Tape,>eflective' ?on-exposed ens, Adhesive @acking, #&eptember 4, $8<% meeting the performancestandard in either Table $ or Table $A of &A &tandard ;<5f, 9>eflex >eflectors #;anuary, $44%.

*eflex reflector. A device which is used on a vehicle to give an indication to an approaching driverby reflected lighted from the lamps on the approaching vehicle.

Saddle-mount. A device, designed and constructed as to be readily demountable, used indriveaway-towaway operations to perform the functions of a conventional fifth wheel:

#$% 1pper-half. +pper-half of a 9saddle-mount means that part of the device which is securelyattached to the towed vehicle and maintains a fixed position relative thereto, but does not include the9king-pin'

#2% ower-half. ower-half of a 9saddle-mount means that part of the device which is securelyattached to the towing vehicle and maintains a fixed position relative thereto but does not include the9king-pin' and

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


#(% Bing-pin. ,ing-pin means that device which is used to connect the 9upper-half to the 9lower-halfin such manner as to permit relative movement in a hori!ontal plane between the towed and towingvehicles.

Service brake system. A primary brake system used for slowing and stopping a vehicle.

Shoring bar. A device placed transversely between the walls of a vehicle and cargo to prevent cargofrom tipping or shifting.

Shortwood. All logs typically up to 5. m #$8 feet% long. &uch logs are often described as cut-uplogs, cut-to-length logs, bolts or pulpwood. &hortwood may be loaded lengthwise or crosswise, thoughthat loaded crosswise is usually no more than 2.8 m #$72 inches% long.

Sided vehicle. A vehicle whose cargo compartment is enclosed on all four sides by walls of sufficientstrength to contain articles of cargo, where the walls may include latched openings for loading andunloading, and includes vans, dump bodies, and a sided intermodal container carried by a vehicle.

Side extremity. The outermost point on a side of the motor vehicle that is above a hori!ontal planelocated <87 mm #22 inches% above the ground, below a hori!ontal plane located $,77 mm #4< inches%above the ground, and between a transverse vertical plane tangent to the rear extremity of the vehicleand a transverse vertical plane located (7< mm #$2 inches% forward of that plane when the vehicle isunloaded' its fuel tanks are full' and the tires #and air suspension, if so e*uipped% are inflated inaccordance with the manufacturers recommendations. ?on-structural protrusions such as taillights,hinges and latches are excluded from the determination of the outermost point.

Side marker lamp 'ntermediate. A lamp mounted on the side, on the permanent structure of themotor vehicle that provides light to the side to indicate the approximate middle of the vehicle, when themotor vehicle is .$5 meters #(7 feet% or more in length.

Side marker lamps. amps mounted on the side, on the permanent structure of the motor vehicle asnear as practicable to the front and rear of the vehicle, that provide light to the side to indicate the overalllength of the motor vehicle.

Special purpose vehicle. #$% A trailer or semitrailer manufactured on or after ;anuary 28, $,having work-performing e*uipment that, while the motor vehicle is in transit, resides in or moves throughthe area that could be occupied by the hori!ontal member of the rear impact guard, as defined by theguard width, height and rear surface re*uirements of 3<4$.225 #paragraphs &<.$.$ through &<.$.(%, ineffect on the date of manufacture, or a subse*uent edition.

#2% A motor vehicle, not described by paragraph #$% of this definition, having work-performinge*uipment that, while the motor vehicle is in transit, resides in or moves through the area that could be

occupied by the hori!ontal member of the rear impact guard, as defined by the guard width, height andrear surface re*uirements of 3((.8#b%#$%.

Split service brake system. A brake system consisting of two or more subsystems actuated by asingle control designed so that a leakage-type failure of a pressure component in a single subsystem#except structural failure of a housing that is common to two or more subsystems% shall not impair theoperation of any other subsystem.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Steering wheel lash. The condition in which the steering wheel may be turned through some part ofa revolution without associated movement of the front wheels.

Stop lamps. amps shown to the rear of a motor vehicle to indicate that the service brake system isengaged.

Surge brake. A self-contained, permanently closed hydraulic brake system for trailers that relies oninertial forces, developed in response to the braking action of the towing vehicle, applied to a hydraulicdevice mounted on or connected to the tongue of the trailer, to slow down or stop the towed vehicle.

ail lamps. amps used to designate the rear of a motor vehicle.

iedown. A combination of securing devices which forms an assembly that attaches articles of cargoto, or restrains articles of cargo on, a vehicle or trailer, and is attached to anchor point#s%.

ow bar. A strut or column-like device temporarily attached between the rear of a towing vehicle andthe front of the vehicle being towed.

ractor-pole trailer. A combination vehicle that carries logs lengthwise so that they form the body ofthe vehicle. The logs are supported by a bunk located on the rear of the tractor, and another bunk on theskeletal trailer. The tractor bunk may rotate about a vertical axis, and the trailer may have a fixed,scoping, or cabled reach, or other mechanical freedom, to allow it to turn.

railer kingpin. A pin #with a flange on its lower end% which extends vertically from the front of theunderside of a semitrailer and which locks into a fifth wheel.

urn signals. amps used to indicate a change in direction by emitting a flashing light on the side ofa motor vehicle towards which a turn will be made.

+pper coupler assembly. A structure consisting of an upper coupler plate, king-pin and supportingframework which interfaces with and couples to a fifth wheel.

+pper coupler plate. A plate structure through which the king-pin neck and collar extend. The bottomsurface of the plate contacts the fifth wheel when coupled.

0acuum brake system. A system that uses a vacuum and atmospheric pressure for transmitting aforce from the driver control to the service brake, not including a system that uses vacuum only to assistthe driver in applying muscular force to hydraulic or mechanical components.

0oid filler. aterial used to fill a space between articles of cargo and the structure of the vehicle thathas sufficient strength to prevent movement of the articles of cargo.

1ell. The depression formed between two cylindrical articles of cargo when they are laid with theireyes hori!ontal and parallel against each other.

1heels back vehicle. #$% A trailer or semitrailer manufactured on or after ;anuary 28, $, whoserearmost axle is permanently fixed and is located such that the rearmost surface of the tires #of the si!e

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


recommended by the vehicle manufacturer for the rear axle% is not more than (7< mm #$2 inches% forwardof the transverse vertical plane tangent to the rear extremity of the vehicle.

#2% A motor vehicle, not described by paragraph #$% of this definition, whose rearmost axle ispermanently fixed and is located such that the rearmost surface of the tires #of the si!e recommended bythe vehicle manufacturer for the rear axle% is not more than 8$7 mm #25 inches% forward of the transverse

vertical plane tangent to the rear extremity of the vehicle.

1idth of a manufactured home. The largest exterior width in the traveling mode, including anypro)ections which contain interior space. Cidth does not include bay windows, roof pro)ections,overhangs, or eaves under which there is no interior space.

1indshield. The principal forward facing gla!ed surface provided for forward vision in operating amotor vehicle.

1orking load limit 1. The maximum load that may be applied to a component of a cargosecurement system during normal service, usually assigned by the manufacturer of the component.

D<( => 5(5, 6ec. 4, $, as amended at 8( => ((, =eb. $, $' 8( => 2558<, ay 5, $' 85 => 54474,&ept. $, $' 84 => 8$225, &ept. 24, 2772' 8 => <827, &ept. (7, 277(' 47 => 5728, Aug. $<, 277<' 4$ =>(<(2, ;une 22, 2778' 42 => 47, ar. 8, 2774E

Citation:

[53 FR &$3&, ec. ", 1$, as amended at %3 FR 33$, Feb. 1, 1$$> %3 FR (&&%5, #ay

&, 1$$> %& FR &""!", -ept. 1, 1$$$> %" FR %1((&, -ept. (", (!!(> % FR 5%(!, -ept.

3!, (!!3> "! FR &!(%, ug. 15, (!!5> "1 FR 353(, 'une ((, (!!%> "( FR $"!, #ar. %,

(!!")

§ 393.7: #atter incorporated b$ reference.

6a7 ;ncorporation by reference. Aart 3$3 includes references to certain matter or materials,

as listed in paragraph 6b7 of this section. he teHt of the materials is not included in the

regulations contained in part 3$3. he materials are hereby made a part of the regulations

in part 3$3. he irector of the Federal Register has approved the materials incorporated by

reference in accordance with 5 8.-.. 55(6a7 and 1 FR part 51. For materials sub*ect to

change, only the specific version approved by the irector of the Federal Register and

specified in the regulation are incorporated. #aterial is incorporated as it eHists on the date

of the approval and a notice of any change in these materials will be published in the

Federal Register.

6b7 #atter or materials referenced in part 3$3. he matter or materials listed in this

paragraph are incorporated by reference in the corresponding sections noted.

617 uHiliary 8pper Deam Kamps, -ociety of utomotive Engineers 6-E7 '51, 'uly (!!&,

incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.(&6b7.

6(7 Front Fog Kamp, -E '53, ugust (!!&, incorporation by reference approved for B

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


3$3.(&6b7.

637 -top Kamps for 8se on #otor :ehicles Kess han (!3( mm in <verall Iidth, -E '5%,

#arch (!!!, incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.(56c7.

6&7 -top Kamps and Front and Rearurn -ignal Kamps for 8se on #otor :ehicles (!3( mm

or more in <verall Iidth, -E '((%1, 'anuary (!!(, incorporated by reference approved for

B 3$3.(5 6c7.657 ail Kamps 6Rear Aosition Kamps7 for 8se on #otor :ehicles Kess han (!3( mm in

<verall Iidth, -E '55, #arch (!!!, incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.(56c7.

6%7 ail Kamps 6Rear Aosition Kamps7 for 8se on :ehicles (!3( mm or #ore in <verall Iidth,

-E '(!&!, #arch (!!(, incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.(56c7.

6"7 urn -ignal Kamps for 8se on #otor :ehicles Kess han (!3( mm in <verall Iidth, -E

'5, #arch (!!!, incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.(56c7.

67 -idemar2er Kamps for 8se on Road :ehicles Kess han (!3( mm in <verall Iidth, -E

'5$(, ugust (!!!, incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.(56c7.

6$7 irectional Flashing <ptical Iarning evices for uthori4ed Emergency, #aintenance,

and -ervice :ehicles, -E '5$5, 'anuary (!!5, incorporation by reference approved for B3$3.(56e7.

61!7 <ptical Iarning evices for uthori4ed Emergency, #aintenance, and -ervice :ehicles,

-E '&5, #ay 1$$", incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.(56e7.

6117 Jaseous ischarge Iarning Kamp for uthori4ed Emergency, #aintenance, and -ervice

:ehicles, -E '131, #ay 1$$, incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.(56e7.

61(7 RefleH Reflectors, -E '5$&, ecember (!!3, incorporation by reference approved for B

3$3.(%6c7.

6137 -tandard -pecification for Retroreflective -heeting for raffic ontrol, merican -ociety

of esting and #aterials, -# &$5%!&, (!!&, incorporation by reference approved for B

3$3.(%6c7.

61&7 utomobile, ruc2, ruc2ractor, railer, and #otor oach Iiring, -E '1($(, <ctober

1$1, incorporated by reference approved for B 3$3.(.

6157 [Reserved)

61%7 merican /ational -tandard for -afety Jla4ing #aterials for Jla4ing #otor :ehicles and

#otor :ehicle E0uipment <perating on Kand +ighways-afety -tandard, -E L(%.11$$%,

ugust 1$$", incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.%(6d7.

61"7 -pecification for -ound Kevel #eters, merican /ational -tandards ;nstitute, -1.&

1$3, incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.$&6c7.

617 -tandard -pecification for -trapping, Flat -teel and -eals, merican -ociety for esting

and #aterials 6-#7, 3$53$", February 1$$, incorporation by reference approved for B

3$3.1!&6e7.61$7 Ielded -teel hain -pecifications, /ational ssociation of hain #anufacturers,

-eptember (, (!!5, incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.1!&6e7.

6(!7 Recommended -tandard -pecification for -ynthetic Ieb iedowns, Ieb -ling and

iedown ssociation, I-1, 1$$, incorporation by reference approved for B

3$3.1!&6e7.

6(17 Iire Rope 8sers #anual, (nd Edition, Iire Rope echnical Doard /ovember 1$5,

incorporation by reference approved for B 3$3.1!&6e7.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6((7 ordage ;nstitute rope standards approved for incorporation into B 3$3.1!&6e7=

6i7 AER-(, Aolyester Fiber Rope, 3-trand and -trand onstructions, 'anuary 1$$3>

6ii7 AAR-(, Aolypropylene Fiber Rope, 3-trand and -trand onstructions, ugust 1$$(>

6iii7 R-1, AolyesterAolypropylene omposite Rope -pecifications, hree-trand and Eight

-trand -tandard onstruction, #ay 1$"$>

6iv7 /R-1, /ylon Rope -pecifications, hree-trand and Eight-trand -tandardonstruction, #ay 1$"$> and

6v7 1, ouble Draided /ylon Rope -pecifications D/, 'anuary 1$&.

6c7 vailability. he materials incorporated by reference are available as follows=

617 -tandards of the 8nderwriters Kaboratories, ;nc. ;nformation and copies may be

obtained by writing to= 8nderwriters Kaboratories, ;nc., 333 Afingsten Road, /orthbroo2,

;llinois %!!%(.

6(7 -pecifications of the merican -ociety for esting and #aterials. ;nformation and copies

may be obtained by writing to= merican -ociety for esting and #aterials, 1!! Darr +arbor

rive, Iest onshohoc2en, Aennsylvania 1$&(($5$.

637 -pecifications of the /ational ssociation of hain #anufacturers. ;nformation andcopies may be obtained by writing to= /ational ssociation of hain #anufacturers, A.<. DoH

((%1, Kehigh :alley, Aennsylvania 1!!((%1.

6&7 -pecifications of the Ieb -ling and iedown ssociation. ;nformation and copies may be

obtained by writing to= Ieb -ling and iedown ssociation, ;nc., 5!(&R ampbell

Doulevard, Daltimore, #aryland (1(3%5$"&.

657 #anuals of the Iire Rope echnical Doard. ;nformation and copies may be obtained by

writing to= Iire Rope echnical ommittee, A.<. DoH &$, -tevensville, #aryland (1%%%.

6%7 -tandards of the ordage ;nstitute. ;nformation and copies may be obtained by writing

to= ordage ;nstitute, 35! Kincoln -treet, M 115, +ingham, #assachusetts !(!&3.

6"7 -tandards of the -ociety of utomotive Engineers 6-E7. ;nformation and copies may be

obtained by writing to= -ociety of utomotive Engineers, ;nc., &!! ommonwealth rive,

Iarrendale, Aennsylvania 15!$%.

67 -tandards of the merican /ational -tandards ;nstitute 6/-;7. ;nformation and copies

may be obtained by writing to= merican /ational -tandards ;nstitute, (5 Iest &3rd -treet,

/ew Nor2, /ew Nor2 1!!3%.

6$7 [Reserved).

61!7 ll of the materials incorporated by reference are available for inspection at=

6i7 Federal #otor arrier -afety dministration, <ffice of Dus and ruc2 -tandards and

<perations 6#A-7, 1(!! /ew 'ersey ve., -E., Iashington, (!5$!!!!1> and

6ii7 he /ational rchives and Records dministration 6/R7. For information on the

availability of this material at /R, call (!("&1%!3!, or go to=http=www.archives.govfederalOregistercodeOofOfederalOregulationsibrOlocations.html.

Citation: [%" FR %1((5, -ept. (", (!!(, as amended at "! FR &!(", ug. 15, (!!5> "1

FR 353(, 'une ((, (!!%> "( FR 55"!3, <ct. 1, (!!"> "" FR &%%3, ug. %, (!1()

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


§ 393.9: Da,ps operable prohibition of obstructions ofla,ps and reflectors.

6a7 ll lamps re0uired by this subpart shall be capable of being operated at all times. his

paragraph shall not be construed to re0uire that any auHiliary or additional lamp be capableof operating at all times.

6b7 Kamps and reflective devicesmaterial re0uired by this subpart must not be obscured by

the tailboard, or by any part of the load, or its covering by dirt, or other added vehicle or

wor2 e0uipment, or otherwise. EHception= he conspicuity treatments on the front end

protection devices may be obscured by part of the load being transported.

Citation: ["! FR &!(", ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 393.11: Da,ps and reflecti!e de!ices.

Section

6a7617 Kamps and refleH reflectors. able 1 specifies the re0uirements for lamps, reflective

devices and associated e0uipment by the type of commercial motor vehicle. he diagrams in

this section illustrate the position of the lamps, reflective devices and associated e0uipment

specified in able 1. ll commercial motor vehicles manufactured on or after ecember (5,

1$%, must, at a minimum, meet the applicable re0uirements of &$ FR 5"1.1! 6F#:--

/o. 1!7 in effect at the time of manufacture of the vehicle. ommercial motor vehicles

manufactured before ecember (5, 1$%, must, at a minimum, meet the re0uirements of

subpart D of part 3$3 in effect at the time of manufacture.

6(7 EHceptions= Aole trailers and trailer converter dollies must meet the part 3$3

re0uirements for lamps, reflective devices and electrical e0uipment in effect at the time of

manufacture. railers which are e0uipped with conspicuity material which meets the

re0uirements of B 3$3.116b7 are not re0uired to be e0uipped with the refleH reflectors listed

in able 1 ifC

6i7 he conspicuity material is placed at the locations where refleH reflectors are re0uired by

able 1> and

6ii7 he conspicuity material when installed on the motor vehicle meets the visibility

re0uirements for the refleH reflectors.



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6b7 onspicuity -ystems. Each trailer of (,!3( mm 6! inches7 or more overall width, and

with a J:IR over &,53% 2g 61!,!!! pounds7, manufactured on or after ecember 1, 1$$3,

eHcept pole trailers and trailers designed eHclusively for living or office use, shall be

e0uipped with either retroreflective sheeting that meets the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1!

6-5.".17, refleH reflectors that meet the re0uirements F#:-- /o. 1! 6-5.".(7, or a

combination of retroreflective sheeting and refleH reflectors that meet the re0uirements ofF#:-- /o. 1! 6-5.".37. he conspicuity system shall be installed and located as specified

in F#:-- /o. 1! [-5.".1.& 6for retroreflective sheeting7, -5.".(.( 6for refleH reflectors7,

-5.".3 6for a combination of sheeting and reflectors7) and have certification and mar2ings

as re0uired by -5.".1.5 6for retroreflective tape7 and -5.".(.3 6for refleH reflectors7.

6c7 Arohibition on the use of amber stop lamps and tail lamps. /o commercial motor vehicle

may be e0uipped with an amber stop lamp, a tail lamp, or other lamp which is optically

combined with an amber stop lamp or tail lamp.

able 1 of §393.11E%euired Da,ps and %eflectors on Co,,ercial #otor =ehicles

Items on theVehicle Quantity Color Location Position

Height above

the road surface

in millimeters

(mm) (with

English units in

arenthesis)

measured from

the center of the

lam at curbweight

V

wa

Feadlamps 2 Chite =ront Gn the front at the

same height, with an

e*ual number at

each side of the

vertical center line

as far apart as

practicable

?ot less than

<< mm #22

inches% nor

more than

$,(42 mm #<5

inches%

A

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Items on the

Vehicle Quantity Color Location Position

Height above

the road surface

in millimeters

(mm) (with

English units in

arenthesis)

measured from

the center of the

lam at curb

weight

V

w

a

Turn signal

#front%. &ee

footnotes H2

and $2

2 Amber At or near

the front

Gne on each side of

the vertical

centerline at the

same height and as

far apart aspracticable

?ot less than

($ mm #$<

inches% nor

more than

2,$7 mm #(inches%

A

+dentification

lamps #front%.

&ee footnote

H$

3 Amber Front As close as

practicable to the

top of the vehicle, at

the same height,

and as close as

practicable to the

vertical centerline of

the vehicle #or thevertical centerline of

the cab where

different from the

centerline of the

vehicle% with lamp

centers spaced not

less than $<2 mm #8

inches% or more than

(7< mm #$2 inches%

apart. Alternatively,

the front lamps may

be located as close

as practicable to the

top of the cab

All three on the

same level as

close as

practicable to

the top of the

motor vehicle

B

Tail lamps.

&ee footnotes

2 Red >ear Gne lamp on each

side of the vertical

@oth on the

same level

A

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Items on the


Height above

the road surface

in millimeters

(mm) (with

English units in

arenthesis)

measured from

the center of the

lam at curb

weight

V

w

a

H< and $$ centerline at the

same height and as

far apart as

practicable

between ($

mm #$< inches%

and $,2 mm

#42 inches%

&top lamps.

&ee footnotes

H< and $(

2 Red >ear Gne lamp on each


centerline at the

same height and as

far apart as

practicable

@oth on the

same level

between ($

mm #$< inches%

and $,2 mm

#42 inches%

A

0learance

lamps. &eefootnotes H,

, $7, $< I $4

2 Amber Gne on

each sideof the front

of the

vehicle

Gne on each side of

the verticalcenterline to indicate

overall width

@oth on the

same level ashigh as

practicable

B

2 Red Gne on

each side

of the rear

of the

vehicle

Gne on each side of

the vertical

centerline to indicate

overall width

@oth on the

same level as

high as

practicable

B

>eflex

reflector,

intermediate

#side%

2 Amber Gne on

each side

At or near the

midpoint between

the front and rear

side marker lamps,

if the length of the

vehicle is more than

@etween ($

mm #$<inches%

and $,<25 #87

inches%

A

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Items on the


Height above

the road surface

in millimeters

(mm) (with

English units in

arenthesis)

measured from

the center of the

lam at curb

weight

V

w

a

,$55 mm #(7 feet%

>eflex

reflector#rear%. &ee

footnotes H<,

8, and

2 Red Rear Gne on each side of

the verticalcenterline, as far

apart as practicable

and at the same

height

@oth on the

same level,between ($

mm #$< inches%

and $,<25 mm

#87 inches%

A

>eflex

reflector #rear

side%

2 Red Gne on

each side

#rear%

As far to the rear as

practicable

@oth on the

same level,

between ($

mm #$< inches%

and $,<25 mm#87 inches%

A

>eflex

reflector #front

side%. &ee

footnote H$8

2 Amber Gne on

each side

#front%

As far to the front as

practicable

@etween ($

mm #$< inches%

and $,<25 mm

#87 inches%

A

icense plate

lamp #rear%.&ee footnote

H$$

1 White At rear

licenseplate to

illuminate

the plate

from the

top or

sides

?o

re*uirements

A

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Items on the


Height above

the road surface

in millimeters

(mm) (with

English units in

arenthesis)

measured from

the center of the

lam at curb

weight

V

w

a

&ide marker

lamp #front%.

&ee footnote

H$8

2 Amber One on

each side

As far to the front as

practicable

?ot less than

($ mm #$<

inches%

A

&ide marker

lamp

intermediate

2 Amber Gne on

each side

At or near the

midpoint between

the front and rear

side marker lamps,

if the length of the

vehicle is more than

,$55 mm #(7 feet%

?ot less tan

($ mm #$<

inches%

A

&ide markerlamp #rear%.

&ee footnotes

H5 and

2 Red Gne oneach side

As far to the rear aspracticable

Not less than 31mm !1" inches#,

and on the rear o$

trailers not more

than 1,"2% mm

!&' inches#

A

Turn signal

#rear%. &ee

footnotes H<

and $2

2 Amber

or red

>ear Gne lamp on each


centerline as far


@oth on the

same level,

between ($

mm #$< inches%and 2,$7 mm

#( inches%

A

+dentification

lamp #rear%.

&ee footnotes

3 Red >ear Gne as close as

practicable to the

vertical centerline.

All three on the

same level as

close as

B

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Items on the


Height above

the road surface

in millimeters

(mm) (with

English units in

arenthesis)

measured from

the center of the

lam at curb

weight

V

w

a

H(, 4, and $< Gne on each side

with lamp centers

spaced not less than

$<2 mm #8 inches%

or more than (7<mm #$2 inches%

apart

practicable to

the top of the

vehicle

(ehicular

ha!ard

warning signal

flasher lamps.

&ee footnotes

H< and $2

2 Amber =ront Gne lamp on each


centerline, as far


@oth on the

same level,

between ($

mm #$< inches%

and 2,$7 mm

#( inches%

A

2 Amber

or red

>ear Gne lamp on each


centerline, as far


@oth on the

same level,

between ($

mm #$< inches%

and 2,$7 mm

#( inches%

A

@ackup lamp.

&ee footnoteH$5

1 or 2 White >ear Rear ?o re*uirement A

)ar*in+ lam 2 Amber

or

white

=ront Gne lamp on each


centerline, as far

Both on the same

le-el, bet.een

31 mm !1"

inches# and 2,1'

A

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Items on the


Height above

the road surface

in millimeters

(mm) (with

English units in

arenthesis)

measured from

the center of the

lam at curb

weight

V

w

a

apart as practicable mm !3 inches#

Kegend= ypes of commercial motor vehicles shown in the last column of able 1.

. Duses and truc2s less than (,!3( mm 6! inches7 in overall width.

D. Duses and truc2s (,!3( mm 6! inches7 or more in overall width.

. ruc2 tractors.

. -emitrailers and full trailers (,!3( mm 6! inches7 or more in overall width eHcept

converter dollies.

E. onverter dolly.

F. -emitrailers and full trailers less than (,!3( mm 6! inches7 in overall width.

J. Aole trailers.

+. Aro*ecting loads.

/ote= Kamps and reflectors may be combined as permitted by B3$3.(( and -5.& of &$ FR

5"1.1!, E0uipment combinations.

FootnoteC1 ;dentification lamps may be mounted on the vertical centerline of the cab

where different from the centerline of the vehicle, eHcept where the cab is not more than &(

inches wide at the front roofline, then a single lamp at the center of the cab shall be

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


deemed to comply with the re0uirements for identification lamps. /o part of the

identification lamps or their mountings may eHtend below the top of the vehicle windshield.

FootnoteC( 8nless the turn signals on the front are so constructed 6doublefaced7 and

located as to be visible to passing drivers, two turn signals are re0uired on the rear of the

truc2 tractor, one at each side as far apart as practicable.

FootnoteC3 he identification lamps need not be visible or lighted if obscured by a vehicle

in the same combination.

FootnoteC& ny semitrailer or full trailer manufactured on or after #arch 1, 1$"$, shall be

e0uipped with rear sidemar2er lamps at a height of not less than 31 mm 615 inches7, and

on the rear of trailers not more than 1,5(& mm 6%! inches7 above the road surface, as

measured from the center of the lamp on the vehicle at curb weight.

FootnoteC5 Each converter dolly, when towed singly by another vehicle and not as part of

a full trailer, shall be e0uipped with one stop lamp, one tail lamp, and two reflectors 6one on

each side of the vertical centerline, as far apart as practicable7 on the rear. Each converter

dolly shall be e0uipped with rear turn signals and vehicular ha4ard warning signal flasher

lamps when towed singly by another vehicle and not as part of a full trailer, if the converter

dolly obscures the turn signals at the rear of the towing vehicle.

FootnoteC% Aole trailers shall be e0uipped with two refleH reflectors on the rear, one on

each side of the vertical centerline as far apart as practicable, to indicate the eHtreme width

of the trailer.

FootnoteC" Aole trailers, when towed by motor vehicles with rear identification lamps

meeting the re0uirements of B3$3.11 and mounted at a height greater than the load being

transported on the pole trailer, are not re0uired to have rear identification lamps.

FootnoteC Aole trailers shall have on the rearmost support for the load= 617 two front

clearance lamps, one on each side of the vehicle, both on the same level and as high as

practicable to indicate the overall width of the pole trailer> 6(7 two rear clearance lamps, one

on each side of the vehicle, both on the same level and as high as practicable to indicate the

overall width of the pole trailer> 637 two rear side mar2er lamps, one on each side of the

vehicle, both on the same level, not less than 3"5 mm 615 inches7 above the road surface>

6&7 two rear refleH reflectors, one on each side, both on the same level, not less than 3"5

mm 615 inches7 above the road surface to indicate maHimum width of the pole trailer> and

657 one red reflector on each side of the rearmost support for the load. Kamps and reflectors

may be combined as allowed in B3$3.((.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


FootnoteC$ ny motor vehicle transporting a load which eHtends more than 1!( mm 6&

inches7 beyond the overall width of the motor vehicle shall be e0uipped with the following

lamps in addition to other re0uired lamps when operated during the hours when headlamps

are re0uired to be used.

617 he foremost edge of that portion of the load which pro*ects beyond the side of the

vehicle shall be mar2ed 6at its outermost eHtremity7 with an amber lamp visible from the

front and side.

6(7 he rearmost edge of that portion of the load which pro*ects beyond the side of the

vehicle shall be mar2ed 6at its outermost eHtremity7 with a red lamp visible from the rear

and side.

637 ;f the pro*ecting load does not measure more than $1& mm 63 feet7 from front to rear, it

shall be mar2ed with an amber lamp visible from the front, both sides, and rear, eHcept that

if the pro*ection is located at or near the rear it shall be mar2ed by a red lamp visible from

front, side, and rear.

FootnoteC1! Aro*ections beyond rear of motor vehicles. #otor vehicles transporting loads

which eHtend more than 1,(1$ mm 6& feet7 beyond the rear of the motor vehicle, or which

have tailboards or tailgates eHtending more than 1,(1$ mm 6& feet7 beyond the body, shall

have these pro*ections mar2ed as follows when the vehicle is operated during the hours

when headlamps are re0uired to be used=

617 <n each side of the pro*ecting load, one red side mar2er lamp, visible from the side,

located so as to indicate maHimum overhang.

6(7 <n the rear of the pro*ecting load, two red lamps, visible from the rear, one at each

side> and two red reflectors visible from the rear, one at each side, located so as to indicate

maHimum width.

FootnoteC11 o be illuminated when tractor headlamps are illuminated.

FootnoteC1( Every bus, truc2, and truc2 tractor shall be e0uipped with a signaling system

that, in addition to signaling turning movements, shall have a switch or combination ofswitches that will cause the two front turn signals and the two rear signals to flash

simultaneously as a vehicular traffic signal warning, re0uired by B3$(.((6a7. he system

shall be capable of flashing simultaneously with the ignition of the vehicle on or off.

FootnoteC13 o be actuated upon application of service bra2es.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


FootnoteC1& Dac2up lamp re0uired to operate when bus, truc2, or truc2 tractor is in

reverse.

FootnoteC15

617 For the purposes of B3$3.11, the term ?overall width@ refers to the nominal design

dimension of the widest part of the vehicle, eHclusive of the signal lamps, mar2er lamps,

outside rearview mirrors, fleHible fender eHtensions, and mud flaps.

6(7 learance lamps may be mounted at a location other than on the front and rear if

necessary to indicate the overall width of a vehicle, or for protection from damage during

normal operation of the vehicle.

637 <n a trailer, the front clearance lamps may be mounted at a height below the eHtreme

height if mounting at the eHtreme height results in the lamps failing to mar2 the overall

width of the trailer.

6&7 <n a truc2 tractor, clearance lamps mounted on the cab may be located to indicate the

width of the cab, rather than the width of the vehicle.

657 Ihen the rear identification lamps are mounted at the eHtreme height of a vehicle, rear

clearance lamps are not re0uired to be located as close as practicable to the top of the

vehicle.

FootnoteC1% trailer sub*ect to this part that is less than 1($ mm 6% feet7 in overalllength, including the trailer tongue, need not be e0uipped with front side mar2er lamps and

front side refleH reflectors.

FootnoteC1" boat trailer sub*ect to this part whose overall width is (!3( mm 6!

inches7 or more need not be e0uipped with both front and rear clearance lamps provided an

amber 6front7 and red 6rear7 clearance lamp is located at or near the midpoint on each side

so as to indicate its eHtreme width.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


:iew or download AF

http://www.ecfr.gov/graphics/pdfs/er15au05.006.pdf


7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


:iew or download AF



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


:iew or download AF

Citation:

["! FR &!(", ug. 15, (!!5, as amended at "( FR 3(!1&, 'une 11, (!!"> "( FR 335%(,

'une 1, (!!"> " FR 5&&, -ept. (&, (!13)



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


§ 393.13: %etroreflecti!e sheeting and refle@ reflectorsreuire,ents for se,itrailers and trailers ,anufacturedbefore *ece,ber 1 1993.

6a7 pplicability. ll trailers and semitrailers manufactured prior to ecember 1, 1$$3, whichhave an overall width of (,!3( mm 6! inches7 or more and a gross vehicle weight rating of

&,53% 2g 61!,!!1 pounds7 or more, eHcept trailers that are manufactured eHclusively for use

as offices or dwellings, pole trailers 6as defined in B 3$!.5 of this subchapter7, and trailers

transported in a driveawaytowaway operation, must be e0uipped with retroreflective

sheeting or an array of refleH reflectors that meet the re0uirements of this section. #otor

carriers operating trailers, other than container chassis 6as defined in B 3$3.57, have until

'une 1, (!!1, to comply with the re0uirements of this section. #otor carriers operating

container chassis have until ecember 1, (!!1, to comply with the re0uirements of this

section.

6b7 Retroreflective sheeting and refleH reflectors. #otor carriers are encouraged to retrofit

their trailers with a conspicuity system that meets all of the re0uirements applicable to

trailers manufactured on or after ecember 1, 1$$3, including the use of retroreflective

sheeting or refleH reflectors in a red and white pattern 6see Federal #otor :ehicle -afety

-tandard /o. 1! 6&$ FR 5"1.1!7, -5.", onspicuity systems7. #otor carriers which do

not retrofit their trailers to meet the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1!, for eHample by using

an alternative color pattern, must comply with the remainder of this paragraph and with

paragraph 6c7 or 6d7 of this section. Retroreflective sheeting or refleH reflectors in colors or

color combinations other than red and white may be used on the sides or lower rear area of

the semitrailer or trailer until 'une 1, (!!$. he alternate color or color combination must be

uniform along the sides and lower rear area of the trailer. he retroreflective sheeting or

refleH reflectors on the upper rear area of the trailer must be white and conform to there0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1! 6-5."7. Red retroreflective sheeting or refleH reflectors shall

not be used along the sides of the trailer unless it is used as part of a red and white pattern.

Retroreflective sheeting shall have a width of at least 5! mm 6( inches7.

6c7 Kocations for retroreflective sheetingC617 -ides. Retroreflective sheeting shall be applied

to each side of the trailer or semitrailer. Each strip of retroreflective sheeting shall be

positioned as hori4ontally as practicable, beginning and ending as close to the front and rear

as practicable. he strip need not be continuous but the sum of the length of all of the

segments shall be at least half of the length of the trailer and the spaces between the

segments of the strip shall be distributed as evenly as practicable. he centerline for each

strip of retroreflective sheeting shall be between 3"5 mm 615 inches7 and 1,5(5 mm 6%!

inches7 above the road surface when measured with the trailer empty or unladen, or as

close as practicable to this area. ;f necessary to clear rivet heads or other similar

obstructions, 5! mm 6( inches7 wide retroreflective sheeting may be separated into two (5

mm 61 inch7 wide strips of the same length and color, separated by a space of not more

than (5 mm 61 inch7.

6(7 Kower rear area. he rear of each trailer and semitrailer must be e0uipped with

retroreflective sheeting. Each strip of retroreflective sheeting shall be positioned as

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


hori4ontally as practicable, eHtending across the full width of the trailer, beginning and

ending as close to the eHtreme edges as practicable. he centerline for each of the strips of

retroreflective sheeting shall be between 3"5 mm 615 inches7 and 1,5(5 mm 6%! inches7

above the road surface when measured with the trailer empty or unladen, or as close as

practicable to this area.

637 8pper rear area. wo pairs of white strips of retroreflective sheeting, each pairconsisting of strips 3!! mm 61( inches7 long, must be positioned hori4ontally and vertically

on the right and left upper corners of the rear of the body of each trailer and semitrailer, as

close as practicable to the top of the trailer and as far apart as practicable. ;f the perimeter

of the body, as viewed from the rear, is not s0uare or rectangular, the strips may be applied

along the perimeter, as close as practicable to the uppermost and outermost areas of the

rear of the body on the left and right sides.

6d7 Kocations for refleH reflectorsC617 -ides. RefleH reflectors shall be applied to each side

of the trailer or semitrailer. Each array of refleH reflectors shall be positioned as hori4ontally

as practicable, beginning and ending as close to the front and rear as practicable. he array

need not be continuous but the sum of the length of all of the array segments shall be atleast half of the length of the trailer and the spaces between the segments of the strip shall

be distributed as evenly as practicable. he centerline for each array of refleH reflectors shall

be between 3"5 mm 615 inches7 and 1,5(5 mm 6%! inches7 above the road surface when

measured with the trailer empty or unladen, or as close as practicable to this area. he

center of each reflector shall not be more than 1!! mm 6& inches7 from the center of each

ad*acent reflector in the segment of the array. ;f refleH reflectors are arranged in an

alternating color pattern, the length of reflectors of the first color shall be as close as

practicable to the length of the reflectors of the second color.

6(7 Kower rear area. he rear of each trailer and semitrailer must be e0uipped with refleH

reflectors. Each array of refleH reflectors shall be positioned as hori4ontally as practicable,

eHtending across the full width of the trailer, beginning and ending as close to the eHtreme

edges as practicable. he centerline for each array of refleH reflectors shall be between 3"5

mm 615 inches7 and 1,5(5 mm 6%! inches7 above the road surface when measured with the

trailer empty or unladen, or as close as practicable to this area. he center of each reflector

shall not be more than 1!! mm 6& inches7 from the center of each ad*acent reflector in the

segment of the array.

637 8pper rear area. wo pairs of white refleH reflector arrays, each pair at least 3!! mm

61( inches7 long, must be positioned hori4ontally and vertically on the right and left upper

corners of the rear of the body of each trailer and semitrailer, as close as practicable to the

top of the trailer and as far apart as practicable. ;f the perimeter of the body, as viewed

from the rear, is not s0uare or rectangular, the arrays may be applied along the perimeter,as close as practicable to the uppermost and outermost areas of the rear of the body on the

left and right sides. he center of each reflector shall not be more than 1!! mm 6& inches7

from the center of each ad*acent reflector in the segment of the array.

Citation: [%& FR 15%!5, #ar. 31, 1$$$, as amended at %% FR 3!33$, 'une %, (!!1)

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Section

• Juidance

§ 393.17:

Da,ps and reflectorsEco,binations in dri!ea/a$to/a/a$ operation.

combination of motor vehicles engaged in driveawaytowaway operation must be

e0uipped with operative lamps and reflectors conforming to the rules in this section.

6a7 he towing vehicle must be e0uipped as follows=

617 <n the front, there must be at least two headlamps, an e0ual number at each side, two

turn signals, one at each side, and two clearance lamps, one at each side.

6(7 <n each side, there must be at least one sidemar2er lamp, located near the front of the

vehicle.

637 <n the rear, there must be at least two tail lamps, one at each side, and two stop lamps,

one at each side.

6b7 EHcept as provided in paragraph 6c7 of this section, the rearmost towed vehicle of the

combination 6including the towed vehicles of a towbar combination, the towed vehicle of a

single saddlemount combination, and the rearmost towed vehicle of a double or triple

saddlemount combination7 or, in the case of a vehicle fullmounted on a saddlemount

vehicle, either the fullmounted vehicle or the rearmost saddlemounted vehicle must be

e0uipped as follows=

617 <n each side, there must be at least one sidemar2er lamp, located near the rear of the

vehicle.

6(7 <n the rear, there must be at least two tail lamps, two stop lamps, two turn signals, two

clearance lamps, and two reflectors, one of each type at each side. ;n addition, if anyvehicle in the combination is ! inches or more in overall width, there must be three

identification lamps on the rear.

6c7 ;f the towed vehicle in a combination is a mobile structure trailer, it must be e0uipped in

accordance with the following lighting devices. For the purposes of this part, mobile





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


structure trailer means a trailer that has a roof and walls, is at least 1! feet wide, and can

be used off road for dwelling or commercial purposes.

617 Ihen the vehicle is operated in accordance with the terms of a special permit

prohibiting operation during the times when lighted lamps are re0uired under B 3$(.3!, it

must have on the rearC

6i7 wo stop lamps, one on each side of the vertical centerline, at the same height, and as

far apart as practicable>

6ii7 wo tail lamps, one on each side of the vertical centerline, at the same height, and as far

apart as practicable>

6iii7 wo red refleH reflectors, one on each side of the vertical centerline, at the same height,

and as far apart as practicable> and

6iv7 wo turn signal lamps, one on each side of the vertical centerline, at the same height,

and as far apart as practicable.

6(7 t all other times, the vehicle must be e0uipped as specified in paragraph 6b7 of this

section.

6d7 n intermediate towed vehicle in a combination consisting of more than two vehicles

6including the first saddlemounted vehicle of a double saddlemount combination and the

first and second saddlemount vehicles of a triple saddlemount combination7 must have

one sidemar2er lamp on each side, located near the rear of the vehicle.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


:iew or download AF



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


:iew or ownload AF



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


:iew or download AF

Citation:

[&! FR 3%1(%, ug. 1$, 1$"5, as amended at &" FR &"3", <ct. (, 1$(> "! FR &!&&,

ug. 15, (!!5> "" FR 5$(, <ct. 1, (!1()

§ 393.19: 6a?ard /arning signals.

he ha4ard warning signal operating unit on each commercial motor vehicle shall operate

independently of the ignition or e0uivalent switch, and when activated, cause all turn signalsre0uired by B 3$3.11 to flash simultaneously.

Citation: ["! FR &!&%, ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 393.22: Co,bination of lighting de!ices and reflectors.



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6a7 Aermitted combinations. EHcept as provided in paragraph 6b7 of this section, two or

more lighting devices and reflectors 6whether or not re0uired by the rules in this part7 may

be combined optically ifC

617 Each re0uired lighting device and reflector conforms to the applicable rules in this part>

and

6(7 /either the mounting nor the use of a nonre0uired lighting device or reflector impairsthe effectiveness of a re0uired lighting device or reflector or causes that device or reflector

to be inconsistent with the applicable rules in this part.

6b7 Arohibited combinations. 617 turn signal lamp must not be combined optically with

either a head lamp or other lighting device or combination of lighting devices that produces

a greater intensity of light than the turn signal lamp.

6(7 turn signal lamp must not be combined optically with a stop lamp unless the stop lamp

function is always deactivated when the turn signal function is activated.

637 clearance lamp must not be combined optically with a tail lamp or identification lamp.

Citation: [3$ FR (%$!, 'uly (&, 1$"&)

§ 393.23: o/er suppl$ for la,ps.

ll re0uired lamps must be powered by the electrical system of the motor vehicle with the

eHception of battery powered lamps used on pro*ecting loads.

Citation: ["! FR &!&%, ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 393.2): %euire,ents for head la,ps au@iliar$ dri!ingla,ps and front fog la,ps.

Section

6a7 +eadlamps. Every bus, truc2 and truc2 tractor shall be e0uipped with headlamps as

re0uired by B 3$3.116a7. he headlamps shall provide an upper and lower beam distribution

of light, selectable at the drivers will and be steadyburning. he headlamps shall bemar2ed in accordance with F#:-- /o. 1!. uHiliary driving lamps andor front fog lamps

may not be used to satisfy the re0uirements of this paragraph.

6b7 uHiliary driving lamps and front fog lamps. ommercial motor vehicles may be

e0uipped with auHiliary driving lamps andor front fog lamps for use in con*unction with, but

not in lieu of the re0uired headlamps. uHiliary driving lamps shall meet -E -tandard '51

uHiliary 8pper Deam Kamps, 'uly (!!&, and front fog lamps shall meet -E -tandard '53

Front Fog Kamp, ugust (!!&. 6-ee B 3$3." for information on the incorporation by



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


reference and availability of these documents.7

6c7 #ounting. +eadlamps shall be mounted and aimable in accordance with F#:-- /o. 1!.

uHiliary driving lamps and front fog lamps shall be mounted so that the beams are aimable

and the mounting shall prevent the aim of the lighting device from being disturbed while the

vehicle is operating on public roads.

6d7 iming. +eadlamps, auHiliary driving lamps and front fog lamps shall be aimed to meetthe aiming specifications in F#:-- /o. 1! 6&$ FR 5"1.1!7, -E '51, and -E '53,

respectively.

Citation: ["! FR &!&%, ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: #ust additional la,ps that are not reuired be operati!e if all reuired

la,ps are operati!e(

Guidance: /o.

§ 393.2+: %euire,ents for la,ps other than head la,ps.

Section

6a7 #ounting. ll lamps shall be securely mounted on a rigid part of the vehicle. emporary

lamps must be securely mounted to the load and are not re0uired to be mounted to a

permanent part of the vehicle.

6b7 :isibility. Each lamp shall be located so that it meets the visibility re0uirements specified

by F#:-- /o. 1! in effect at the time of manufacture of the vehicle. :ehicles which were

not sub*ect to F#:-- /o. 1! at the time of manufacture shall have each lamp located so

that it meets the visibility re0uirements specified in the -E standards listed in paragraph

6c7 of this section. ;f motor vehicle e0uipment 6e.g., mirrors, snow plows, wrec2er booms,bac2hoes, and winches7 prevents compliance with this paragraph by any re0uired lamp, an

auHiliary lamp or device meeting the re0uirements of this paragraph shall be provided. his

shall not be construed to apply to lamps on one unit which are obscured by another unit of a

combination of vehicles.

6c7 -pecifications. ll re0uired lamps 6eHcept mar2er lamps on pro*ecting loads, lamps which

are temporarily attached to vehicles transported in driveawaytowaway operations, and

lamps on converter dollies and pole trailers7 on vehicles manufactured on or after ecember





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


(5, 1$%, shall, at a minimum, meet the applicable re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1! in effect

on the date of manufacture of the vehicle. #ar2er lamps on pro*ecting loads, all lamps

which are temporarily attached to vehicles transported in driveawaytowaway operations,

and all lamps on converter dollies and pole trailers must meet the following applicable -E

standards= '5%C-top Kamps for 8se on #otor :ehicles Kess han (!3( mm in <verall

Iidth, #arch (!!!> '((%1 -top Kamps and Front and Rearurn -ignal Kamps for 8se on#otor :ehicles (!3( mm or #ore in <verall Iidth, 'anuary (!!(> '55Cail Kamps 6Rear

Aosition Kamps7 for 8se on #otor :ehicles Kess han (!3( mm in <verall Iidth, #arch

(!!!> '5Curn -ignal Kamps for 8se on #otor :ehicles Kess han (!3( mm in <verall

Iidth, #arch (!!!> '(!&!Cail Kamps 6Rear Aosition Kamps7 for 8se on :ehicles (!3( mm

or #ore in <verall Iidth, #arch (!!(> '5$(C-idemar2er Kamps for 8se on Road :ehicles

Kess han (!3( mm in <verall Iidth, ugust (!!!. 6-ee B 3$3." for information on the

incorporation by reference and availability of these documents.7

6d7 6Reserved7

6e7 Kamps to be steadyburning. ll eHterior lamps 6both re0uired lamps and any additional

lamps7 shall be steadyburning with the eHception of turn signal lamps> ha4ard warningsignal lamps> school bus warning lamps> amber warning lamps or flashing warning lamps on

tow truc2s and commercial motor vehicles transporting oversi4ed loads> and warning lamps

on emergency and service vehicles authori4ed by -tate or local authorities. Kamps combined

into the same shell or housing with a turn signal are not re0uired to be steady burning while

the turn signal is in use. mber warning lamps must meet -E '&5C<ptical Iarning

evices for uthori4ed Emergency, #aintenance and -ervice :ehicles, #ay 1$$". mber

flashing warning lamps must meet -E '5$5Cirectional Flashing <ptical Iarning evices

for uthori4ed Emergency, #aintenance and -ervice :ehicles, 'anuary (!!5. mber gaseous

discharge warning lamps must meet -E '131 Jaseous ischarge Iarning Kamp for

uthori4ed Emergency, #aintenance, and -ervice :ehicles, #ay 1$$. 6-ee B 3$3."6b7 for

information on the incorporation by reference and availability of these documents.7

6f7 -top lamp operation. he stop lamps on each vehicle shall be activated upon application

of the service bra2es. he stop lamps are not re0uired to be activated when the emergency

feature of the trailer bra2es is used or when the stop lamp is optically combined with the

turn signal and the turn signal is in use.

Citation: ["! FR &!&", ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: Are lighting de!ices on ,obile ho,es0house trailers reuired to be

per,anentl$ ,ounted(

Guidance: /o. he movement of mobile homeshouse trailers is considered to be a

driveawaytowaway operation.



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Question 2: Are there an$ special lighting reuire,ents for large containers(

Guidance: /o.

Question 3: hat are the lighting reuire,ents /hen a container assu,es the

structural reuire,ents of a trailer(

Guidance: ll relevant re0uirements of the regulations must be met by this

containertrailer.

§ 393.25: %euire,ents for reflectors.

6a7 #ounting. RefleH reflectors shall be mounted at the locations re0uired by B 3$3.11. ;n

the case of motor vehicles so constructed that re0uirement for a 31 mm 615inch7

minimum height above the road surface is not practical, the reflectors shall be mounted asclose as practicable to the re0uired mounting height range. ll permanent refleH reflectors

shall be securely mounted on a rigid part of the vehicle. emporary reflectors on pro*ecting

loads must be securely mounted to the load and are not re0uired to be permanently

mounted to a part of the vehicle. emporary refleH reflectors on vehicles transported in

driveawaytowaway operations must be firmly attached.

6b7 -pecifications. ll re0uired refleH reflectors 6eHcept refleH reflectors on pro*ecting loads,

vehicles transported in a driveawaytowaway operation, converter dollies and pole trailers7

on vehicles manufactured on or after ecember (5, 1$%, shall meet the applicable

re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1! in effect on the date of manufacture of the vehicle. RefleH

reflectors on pro*ecting loads, vehicles transported in a driveawaytowaway operation, and

all refleH reflectors on converter dollies and pole trailers must conform to -E '5$&CRefleH

Reflectors, ecember (!!3.

6c7 -ubstitute material for side refleH reflectors. Reflective material conforming to -#

&$5%!&, -tandard -pecification for Retroreflective -heeting for raffic ontrol, may be used

in lieu of refleH reflectors if the material as used on the vehicle, meets the performance

standards in either able ; of -E '5$& or able ; of -E '5$&CRefleH Reflectors,

ecember (!!3. 6-ee B 3$3."6b7 for information on the incorporation by reference and

availability of these documents.7

6d7 8se of additional retroreflective surfaces. dditional retroreflective surfaces may be used

in con*unction with, but not in lieu of the refleH reflectors re0uired in subpart D of part 3$3,

and the substitute material for side refleH reflectors allowed by paragraph 6c7 of this section,

provided=

617 esigns do not resemble traffic control signs, lights, or devices, eHcept that straight

edge striping resembling a barricade pattern may be used.

6(7 esigns do not tend to distort the length andor width of the motor vehicle.

637 -uch surfaces shall be at least 3 inches from any re0uired lamp or reflector unless of the

same color as such lamp or reflector.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6&7 /o red color shall be used on the front of any motor vehicle, eHcept for display of

mar2ings or placards re0uired by B 1"".(3 of this title.

657 Retroreflective license plates re0uired by -tate or local authorities may be used.

Citation: [33 FR 1$"35, ec. (5, 1$%, as amended at 35 FR 31%", Feb. 1$, 1$"!> 53 FR

&$3$", ec. ", 1$> "! FR &!&", ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 393.2: iring s$ste,s.

Section

Electrical wiring shall be installed and maintained to conform to -E '1($(Cutomobile,

ruc2, ruc2ractor, railer, and #otor oach Iiring, <ctober 1$1, eHcept the *umper cable

plug and receptacle need not conform to -E '5%!. he reference to -E '1($( shall not be

construed to re0uire circuit protection on trailers. 6-ee B 3$3."6b7 for information on the

incorporation by reference and availability of this document.7

Citation: ["! FR &!&", ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: *oes a fra,e channel of a Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle &C#=' constitute

a protecti!e -sheath or tube- as specified in §393.2(

Guidance: /o. o be acceptable, a sheath or tube must enclose the wires throughout their

circumference. ;n the absence of a sheath or tube, the group of wires must be protected by

nonconductive tape, braid, or other covering capable of withstanding severe abrasion.

§ 393.3: 4atter$ installation.

Every storage battery on every vehicle, unless located in the engine compartment, shall be

covered by a fiHed part of the motor vehicle or protected by a removable cover or enclosure.

Removable covers or enclosures shall be substantial and shall be securely latched or

fastened. he storage battery compartment and ad*acent metal parts which might corrode

by reason of battery lea2age shall be painted or coated with an acidresisting paint or

coating and shall have openings to provide ample battery ventilation and drainage.

Iherever the cable to the starting motor passes through a metal compartment, the cable







7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


shall be protected against grounding by an acid and waterproof insulating bushing.

Iherever a battery and a fuel tan2 are both placed under the drivers seat, they shall be

partitioned from each other, and each compartment shall be provided with an independent

cover, ventilation, and drainage.

§ 393.): %euired bra<e s$ste,s.

Section

6a7 Each commercial motor vehicle must have bra2es ade0uate to stop and hold the vehicle

or combination of motor vehicles. Each commercial motor vehicle must meet the applicable

service, par2ing, and emergency bra2e system re0uirements provided in this section.

6b7 -ervice bra2esC617 +ydraulic bra2e systems. #otor vehicles e0uipped with hydraulic

bra2e systems and manufactured on or after -eptember (, 1$3, must, at a minimum, have

a service bra2e system that meets the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1!5 in effect on the date

of manufacture. #otor vehicles which were not sub*ect to F#:-- /o. 1!5 on the date of

manufacture must have a service bra2e system that meets the applicable re0uirements of

BB 3$3.&(, 3$3.&, 3$3.&$, 3$3.51, and 3$3.5( of this subpart.

6(7 ir bra2e systems. Duses, truc2s and truc2tractors e0uipped with air bra2e systems and

manufactured on or after #arch 1, 1$"5, and trailers manufactured on or after 'anuary 1,

1$"5, must, at a minimum, have a service bra2e system that meets the re0uirements ofF#:-- /o. 1(1 in effect on the date of manufacture. #otor vehicles which were not sub*ect

to F#:-- /o. 1(1 on the date of manufacture must have a service bra2e system that meets

the applicable re0uirements of BB 3$3.&(, 3$3.&, 3$3.&$, 3$3.51, and 3$3.5( of this

subpart.

637 :acuum bra2e systems. #otor vehicles e0uipped with vacuum bra2e systems must have

a service bra2e system that meets the applicable re0uirements of BB 3$3.&(, 3$3.&,

3$3.&$, 3$3.51, and 3$3.5( of this subpart.

6&7 Electric bra2e systems. #otor vehicles e0uipped with electric bra2e systems must have a

service bra2e system that meets the applicable re0uirements of BB 3$3.&(, 3$3.&, 3$3.&$

and 3$3.5( of this subpart.

657 -urge bra2e systems. #otor vehicles e0uipped with surge bra2e systems must have a

service bra2e system that meets the applicable re0uirements of BB 3$3.&(, 3$3.&, 3$3.&$,

and 3$3.5( of this subpart.

6c7 Aar2ing bra2es. Each commercial motor vehicle must be e0uipped with a par2ing bra2e

system that meets the applicable re0uirements of B 3$3.&1.

6d7 Emergency bra2esCpartial failure of service bra2esC617 +ydraulic bra2e systems. #otor

vehicles manufactured on or after -eptember (, 1$3, and e0uipped with a split service



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


bra2e system must, at a minimum, meet the partial failure re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1!5

in effect on the date of manufacture.

6(7 ir bra2e systems. Duses, truc2s and truc2 tractors manufactured on or after #arch 1,

1$"5, and trailers manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$"5, must be e0uipped with an

emergency bra2e system which, at a minumum, meets the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1(1

in effect on the date of manufacture.637 :ehicles not sub*ect to F#:-- /os. 1!5 and 1(1 on the date of manufacture. Duses,

truc2s and truc2 tractors not sub*ect to F#:-- /os. 1!5 or 1(1 on the date of manufacture

must meet the re0uirements of B 3$3.&!6e7. railers not sub*ect to F#:-- /o. 1(1 at the

time of manufacture must meet the re0uirements of B 3$3.&3.

6e7 Emergency bra2es, vehicles manufactured on or after 'uly 1, 1$"3. 617 bus, truc2,

truc2 tractor, or a combination of motor vehicles manufactured on or after 'uly 1, 1$"3, and

not covered under paragraphs 6d7617 or 6d76(7 of this section, must have an emergency

bra2e system which consists of emergency features of the service bra2e system or an

emergency system separate from the service bra2e system. he emergency bra2e system

must meet the applicable re0uirements of BB 3$3.&3 and 3$3.5(.6(7 control by which the driver applies the emergency bra2e system must be located so

that the driver can operate it from the normal seating position while restrained by any seat

belts with which the vehicle is e0uipped. he emergency bra2e control may be combined

with either the service bra2e control or the par2ing bra2e control. +owever, all three controls

may not be combined.

6f7 ;nterconnected systems. 617 ;f the bra2e systems re0uired by B 3$3.&!6a7 are

interconnected in any way, they must be designed, constructed, and maintained so that in

the event of a failure of any part of the operating mechanism of one or more of the systems

6eHcept the service bra2e actuation pedal or valve7, the motor vehicle will have operative

bra2es and, for vehicles manufactured on or after 'uly 1, 1$"3, be capable of meeting the

re0uirements of B 3$3.5(6b7.

6(7 motor vehicle to which the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1!5 6-5.1.(7, dealing with

partial failure of the service bra2e, applied at the time of manufacture meets the

re0uirements of B 3$3.&!6f7617 if the motor vehicle is maintained in conformity with F#:--

/o. 1!5 and the motor vehicle is capable of meeting the re0uirements of B 3$3.5(6b7,

eHcept in the case of a structural failure of the bra2e master cylinder body.

637 bus is considered to meet the re0uirements of B 3$3.&!6f7617 if it meets the

re0uirements of B 3$3.&& and B 3$3.5(6b7.

Citation: ["! FR &!&, ug. 15, (!!5, as amended at "( FR $"!, #ar. %, (!!")

Guidance

Question 1: #a$ a s$ste, such as -dri!eline bra<es- be used as an e,ergenc$

bra<e pro!ided it co,plies /ith the reuire,ents of §393.+2(





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance: Nes. ommercial #otor :ehicle #:s which were not sub*ect to the emergency

bra2e re0uirements of Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandards 6developed and issued by the

/ational+ighway raffic -afety dministration7 6F#:--7 /os. 1!5 or 1(1 may use Gdrive line

bra2esG provided those vehicles meet the re0uirements of B3$3.5(

§ 393.)1: ar<ing bra<e s$ste,.

Section

6a7 +ydraulicbra2ed vehicles manufactured on or after -eptember (, 1$3. Each truc2 and

bus 6other than a school bus7 with a J:IR of &,53% 2g 61!,!!! pounds7 or less which is

sub*ect to this part and school buses with a J:IR greater than &,53% 2g 61!,!!! pounds7

shall be e0uipped with a par2ing bra2e system as re0uired by F#:-- /o. 5"1.1!5 6-5.(7 in

effect at the time of manufacture. he par2ing bra2e shall be capable of holding the vehicle

or combination of vehicles stationary under any condition of loading in which it is found on a

public road 6free of ice and snow7. +ydraulicbra2ed vehicles which were not sub*ect to the

par2ing bra2e re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 5"1.1!5 6-5.(7 must be e0uipped with a par2ing

bra2e system that meets the re0uirements of paragraph 6c7 of this section.

6b7 irbra2ed power units manufactured on or after #arch 1, 1$"5, and airbra2ed trailers

manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$"5. Each airbra2ed bus, truc2 and truc2 tractor

manufactured on and after #arch 1, 1$"5, and each airbra2ed trailer eHcept an agriculturalcommodity trailer, converter dolly, heavy hauler trailer or pulpwood trailer, shall be e0uipped

with a par2ing bra2e system as re0uired by F#:-- /o. 1(1 6-5.%7 in effect at the time of

manufacture. he par2ing bra2e shall be capable of holding the vehicle or combination of

vehicles stationary under any condition of loading in which it is found on a public road 6free

of ice and snow7. n agricultural commodity trailer, heavy hauler or pulpwood trailer shall

carry sufficient choc2ing bloc2s to prevent movement when par2ed.

6c7 :ehicles not sub*ect to F#:-- /os. 1!5 and 1(1 on the date of manufacture. 617 Each

singly driven motor vehicle not sub*ect to par2ing bra2e re0uirements of F#:-- /os. 1!5 or

1(1 at the time of manufacturer, and every combination of motor vehicles must be e0uipped

with a par2ing bra2e system ade0uate to hold the vehicle or combination on any grade on

which it is operated, under any condition of loading in which it is found on a public road

6free of ice and snow7.

6(7 he par2ing bra2e system shall, at all times, be capable of being applied by either the

drivers muscular effort or by spring action. ;f other energy is used to apply the par2ing

bra2e, there must be an accumulation of that energy isolated from any common source and

used eHclusively for the operation of the par2ing bra2e.

637 he par2ing bra2e system shall be held in the applied position by energy other than fluid





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


pressure, air pressure, or electric energy. he par2ing bra2e system shall not be capable of

being released unless ade0uate energy is available to immediately reapply the par2ing bra2e

with the re0uired effectiveness.

Citation: ["! FR &!&, ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: #a$ the -par<- position of a Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle C#=;s

trans,ission be used as a par<ing bra<e to co,pl$ /ith the §393.)1(

Guidance: /o. he Gpar2G position of the transmission is only a loc2ing device used to loc2

the transmission.

Question 2: *oes §393.)1 prohibit air bra<e s$ste,s fro, being euipped /ith a

,eans to release the spring bra<es for purposes of to/ing disabled !ehicles in

e,ergenc$ situations(

Guidance: /o, provided the bra2es are designed and maintained so they cannot be

released unless ade0uate energy is available to ma2e immediate reapplication of the bra2es

when the bra2e system is operable.

Question 3: Are par<ing bra<es reuired on e!er$ Co,,ercial #otor !ehicle C#=

,anufactured before #arch 7 199(

Guidance: /o.

Section

• Juidance

§ 393.)2:

4ra<es reuired on all /heels.











7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6a7 Every commercial motor vehicle shall be e0uipped with bra2es acting on all wheels. his

re0uirement also applies to certain motor vehicles being towed in a driveawaytowaway

operation, as follows=

617 ny motor vehicle towed by means of a towbar when another motor vehicle is full

mounted on the towed vehicle> and

6(7 ny saddlemount configuration with a fullmount.

6b7 EHception. 617 ruc2s or truc2 tractors having three or more aHles and manufactured

before 'uly (5, 1$!, are not re0uired to have bra2es on the front wheels. +owever, these

vehicles must meet the re0uirements of B 3$3.5(.

6(7 #otor vehicles being towed in a driveawaytowaway operation 6including the last truc2

of triple saddlemount combinations 6see B 3$3."16a76377 are not re0uired to have operative

bra2es provided the combination of vehicles meets the re0uirements of B 3$3.5(.

637 ny semitrailer or pole trailer 6laden or unladen7 with a gross weight of 1,3%1 2g 63,!!!

pounds7 or less which is sub*ect to this part is not re0uired to be e0uipped with bra2es if the

aHle weight of the towed vehicle does not eHceed &! percent of the sum of the aHle weights

of the towing vehicle.

6&7 ny full trailer or fourwheel pole trailer 6laden or unladen7 with a gross weight of 1,3%1

2g 63,!!! pounds7 or less which is sub*ect to this part is not re0uired to be e0uipped with

bra2es if the sum of the aHle weights of the towed vehicle does not eHceed &! percent of the

sum of the aHle weights of the towing vehicle.

657 Dra2es are not re0uired on the steering aHle of a threeaHle dolly which is steered by a

codriver.

6%7 Koaded housemoving dollies, speciali4ed trailers and dollies used to transport industrial

furnaces, reactors, and similar motor vehicles are not re0uired to be e0uipped with bra2es,

provided the speed at which the combination of vehicles will be operated does not eHceed

3( 2mhour 6(! mph7 and bra2es on the combination of vehicles are capable of stopping the

combination within 1(.( meters 6&! feet7 from the speed at which the vehicle is being

operated or 3( 2mhour 6(! mph7, whichever is less.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


:iew or ownload AF

Citation:

[5( FR (!3, 'an. (", 1$", as amended at 53 FR &$3$, ec. ", 1$> 5& FR &%1", /ov.

(&, 1$$> 5$ FR (55"&, #ay 1", 1$$&> %1 FR 1&3, 'an. (&, 1$$%> "! FR &!&$, ug. 15,

(!!5> "% FR 5%3(1, -ept. 13, (!11)

Guidance

Question 1: *o retractable or lift a@les ha!e to be euipped /ith bra<es(

Guidance: Nes, when the wheels are in contact with the roadway.

Question 2: Are unladen con!erter dollies co!ered b$ the e@e,ption in §393.)2&b'

&3'(










7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance: Nes. +owever, if the converter dolly is laden, the bra2es must be operable.

Question 3: §393.)2&b'&3' of the "ederal #otor Carrier Safet$ %egulations "#CS%s

states that an$ full trailer an$ se,itrailer or an$ pole trailer ha!ing a Gross

=ehicle eight %ating &G=%' of 3 pounds or less ,ust be euipped /ith

bra<es if the /eight of the to/ed !ehicle resting on the to/ing !ehicle e@ceeds )

percent of the Gross =ehicle eight %ating &G=%' of the to/ing !ehicle. Is the

,anufacturer of the trailer responsible for ensuring that the trailer is euipped

/ith bra<es /hen reuired(

Guidance: /o. he motor carrier pulling the trailer is responsible for ensuring that the

trailer is in compliance with all applicable Federal #otor arrier -afety Regulations

6F#-Rs7.

§ 393.)3: 4rea<a/a$ and e,ergenc$ bra<ing.

Section

6a7 owing vehicle protection system. Every motor vehicle, if used to tow a trailer e0uipped

with bra2es, shall be e0uipped with a means for providing that in the case of a brea2away of

the trailer, the service bra2es on the towing vehicle will be capable of stopping the towing

vehicle. For air bra2ed towing units, the tractor protection valve or similar device shall

operate automatically when the air pressure on the towing vehicle is between 13 2Aa and

31! 2Aa 6(! psi and &5 psi7.

6b7 Emergency bra2e re0uirements, air bra2es. Every truc2 or truc2 tractor e0uipped withair bra2es, when used for towing other vehicles e0uipped with air bra2es, shall be e0uipped

with two means of activating the emergency features of the trailer bra2es. <ne of these

means shall operate automatically in the event of reduction of the towing vehicle air supply

to a fiHed pressure which shall not be lower than (! pounds per s0uare inch nor higher than

&5 pounds per s0uare inch. he other means shall be a manually controlled device readily

operable by a person seated in the driving seat. ;ts emergency position or method of

operation shall be clearly indicated. ;n no instance may the manual means be so arranged

as to permit its use to prevent operation of the automatic means. he automatic and

manual means re0uired by this section may be, but are not re0uired to be, separate.

6c7 Emergency bra2e re0uirements, vacuum bra2es. Every truc2 tractor and truc2 when

used for towing other vehicles e0uipped with vacuum bra2es, shall have, in addition to the

single control re0uired by B 3$3.&$ to operate all bra2es of the combination, a second

manual control device which can be used to operate the bra2es on the towed vehicles in

emergencies. -uch second control shall be independent of bra2e air, hydraulic, and other

pressure, and independent of other controls, unless the bra2ing system be so arranged that

failure of the pressure on which the second control depends will cause the towed vehicle

bra2es to be applied automatically. he second control is not re0uired by this rule to provide





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


modulated or graduated bra2ing.

6d7 Drea2away bra2ing re0uirements for trailers. Every trailer re0uired to be e0uipped with

bra2es shall have bra2es which apply automatically and immediately upon brea2away from

the towing vehicle. Iith the eHception of trailers having three or more aHles, all bra2es with

which the trailer is re0uired to be e0uipped must be applied upon brea2away from the

towing vehicle. he bra2es must remain in the applied position for at least 15 minutes.6e7 Emergency valves. ir bra2e systems installed on towed vehicles shall be so designed,

by the use of ?nobleedbac2@ relay emergency valves or e0uivalent devices, that the supply

reservoir used to provide air for bra2es shall be safeguarded against bac2flow of air to the

towing vehicle upon reduction of the towing vehicle air pressure.

6f7 EHception. he re0uirements of paragraphs 6b7, 6c7 and 6d7 of this section shall not be

applicable to commercial motor vehicles being transported in driveawaytowaway

operations.

Citation: [53 FR &$3&, ec. ", 1$, as amended at "! FR &!5!, ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: Are tractor protection !al!es reuired b$ §393.)3&b' or ,a$ si,ilar

de!ices be used(

Guidance: /o. -imilar devices may be used provided the devices meet the performance

re0uirements of B3$3.&36b7.

Question 2: Are all bra<es on a trailer reuired to be applied auto,aticall$ uponbrea<a/a$(

Guidance: Nes

§ 393.)): "ront bra<e lines protection.

Section

<n every bus, if e0uipped with air bra2es, the bra2ing system shall be so constructed that in

the event any bra2e line to any of the front wheels is bro2en, the driver can apply the

bra2es on the rear wheels despite such brea2age. he means used to apply the bra2es may









7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


be located forward of the drivers seat as long as it can be operated manually by the driver

when the driver is properly restrained by any seat belt assembly provided for use. Every bus

shall meet this re0uirement or comply with the regulations in effect at the time of its

manufacture.

Citation: [53 FR &$&!!, ec. ", 1$)

Guidance

Question 1: *oes the ter, -rear /heels- include the tag a@le on a

bus0,otorcoach(

Guidance: Nes. he bra2ing system on a busmotorcoach must be constructed so that if

any bra2e line to either front wheel is bro2en, the driver can apply the bra2es to all of the

wheels on each rear aHle.

§ 393.)+: 4ra<e tubing and hoses> hose asse,blies andend fittings.

6a7 Jeneral construction re0uirements for tubing and hoses, assemblies, and end fittings. ll

bra2e tubing and hoses, bra2e hose assemblies, and bra2e hose end fittings must meet the

applicable re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1!% 6&$ FR 5"1.1!%7.6b7 Dra2e tubing and hose installation. Dra2e tubing and hose mustC

617 De long and fleHible enough to accommodate without damage all normal motions of the

parts to which it is attached>

6(7 De secured against chaffing, 2in2ing, or other mechanical damage> and

637 De installed in a manner that prevents it from contacting the vehicles eHhaust system or

any other source of high temperatures.

6c7 /onmetallic bra2e tubing. oiled nonmetallic bra2e tubing may be used for connections

between towed and towing motor vehicles or between the frame of a towed vehicle and the

unsprung subframe of an ad*ustable aHle of the motor vehicle ifC

617 he coiled tubing has a straight segment 6pigtail7 at each end that is at least 51 mm 6(

inches7 in length and is encased in a spring guard or similar device which prevents the

tubing from 2in2ing at the fitting at which it is attached to the vehicle> and

6(7 he spring guard or similar device has at least 51 mm 6( inches7 of closed coils or

similar surface at its interface with the fitting and eHtends at least 3 mm 61 $ K 2 inches7 into

the coiled segment of the tubing from its straight segment.

6d7 Dra2e tubing and hose connections. ll connections for air, vacuum, or hydraulic bra2ing



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


systems shall be installed so as to ensure an attachment free of lea2s, constrictions or other

conditions which would adversely affect the performance of the bra2e system.

Citation:

["! FR &!5!, ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 393.)7: 4ra<e actuators slac< adFusters linings0padsand dru,s0rotors.

6a7 Jeneral re0uirements. Dra2e components must be constructed, installed and maintained

to prevent eHcessive fading and grabbing. he means of attachment and physical

characteristics must provide for safe and reliable stopping of the commercial motor vehicle.

6b7 Dra2e chambers. he service bra2e chambers and spring bra2e chambers on each end of

an aHle must be the same si4e.6c7 -lac2 ad*usters. he effective length of the slac2 ad*uster on each end of an aHle must

be the same.

6d7 Kinings and pads. he thic2ness of the bra2e linings or pads shall meet the applicable

re0uirements of this paragraphC

617 -teering aHle bra2es. he bra2e liningpad thic2ness on the steering aHle of a truc2,

truc2tractor or bus shall not be less than &. mm 6 inch7 at the shoe center for a shoe with

a continuous strip of lining> less than %.& mm 6 inch7 at the shoe center for a shoe with two

pads> or worn to the wear indicator if the lining is so mar2ed, for air drum bra2es. he

steering aHle bra2e liningpad thic2ness shall not be less than 3.( mm 6 inch7 for air discbra2es, or 1.% mm 6 inch7 or less for hydraulic disc, drum and electric bra2es.

6(7 /onsteering aHle bra2es. n air bra2ed commercial motor vehicle shall not be operated

with bra2e liningpad thic2ness less than %.& mm 6 inch7 or to the wear indicator if the lining

is so mar2ed 6measured at the shoe center for drum bra2es7> or less than 3.( mm 6 inch7

for disc bra2es. +ydraulic or electric bra2ed commercial motor vehicles shall not be operated

with a liningpad thic2ness less than 1.% mm 6 inch7 6measured at the shoe center7 for disc

or drum bra2es.

lampype Dra2e hambers

"y

e

#utside

diameter

$ra%e read&ustment limit' standard

stro%e chamber

$ra%e read&ustment limit' long

stro%e chamber

& % 1 / 2 in0 !11% mm# 1 1 / % in0 !310 mm#

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


"y

e

#utside

diameter

$ra%e read&ustment limit' standard

stro%e chamber

$ra%e read&ustment limit' long

stro%e chamber

" 1 / % in0 !133 mm# 1 3 / in0 !3%0 mm#

12 " 11 ⁄ 16 in0 !1%" mm# 1 3 / in0 !3%0 mm# 1 3 / % in0 !%%0" mm#0

1&& 3 in0 !1&2

mm#1 3 / % in0 !%%0" mm# 2 in0 !"'0 mm#0

2' & 5 ⁄ 32 in0 !12 mm# 1 3 / % in0 !%%0" mm#2 in0 !"'0 mm#0

2 1 / 2 in0 !&30" mm#01

2% 7 ⁄ 32 in0 !1% mm# 1 3 / % in0 !%%0" mm#2 in0 !"'0 mm#0

2 1 / 2 in0 !&30" mm#02

3' 3 ⁄ 32 in0 !2'& mm# 2 in0 !"'0 mm# 2 1 / 2 in0 !&30" mm#0

3& in0 !22 mm# 2 1 / % in0 !"02 mm#

1For type (! chambers with a 3inch 6"% mm7 rated stro2e.(For type (& chambers with a 3inch 6"% mm7 rated stro2e.

DendiH 3 Dra2e hambers

"ye #utside diameter $ra%e read&ustment limit

3' 1 / in0 !2'& mm# 2 1 / % in0 !"02 mm#0

Doltype Dra2e hambers


A & 15 ⁄ 16 in0 !1& mm# 1 3 / in0 !3%0 mm#0

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


B 3 ⁄ 16 in0 !23% mm# 1 3 / % in0 !%%0" mm#0

C 1

⁄ 16 in0 !2'" mm# 13

/ % in0 !%%0" mm#0

D " 1 / % in0 !133 mm# 1 1 / % in0 !310 mm#0

E & 3 ⁄ 16 in0 !1" mm# 1 3 / in0 !3%0 mm#0

F 11 in0 !2 mm# 2 1 / % in0 !"02 mm#0

G / in0 !2"1 mm# 2 in0 !"'0 mm#0

Rotochamberype Dra2e hambers


% 9 ⁄ 32 in0 !1' mm# 1 1 ⁄ 2 in0 !301 mm#0

12 % 13 ⁄ 16 in0 !122 mm# 1 1 ⁄ 2 in0 !301 mm#0

1& " 13 / 32 in0 !13 mm# 2 in0 !"'0 mm#0

2' " 15 ⁄ 16 in0 !1"1 mm# 2 in0 !"'0 mm#0

2% & 13 / 32 in0 !1&3 mm# 2 in0 !"'0 mm#0

3' 1 ⁄ 16 in0 !1' mm# 2 1 / % in0 !"02 mm#0

3& 5 ⁄ 8 in0 !1% mm# 2 3 ⁄ 4in0 !&0 mm#0

"' 7 ⁄ 8 in0 !22& mm# 3 in0 !&02 mm#0

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6e7 lamp, DendiH 3, bolttype, and rotochamber bra2e actuator read*ustment limits. 617

he pushrod stro2e must not be greater than the values specified in the following tables=

6(7 For actuator types not listed in these tables, the pushrod stro2e must not be greater

than ! percent of the rated stro2e mar2ed on the actuator by the actuator manufacturer,

or greater than the read*ustment limit mar2ed on the actuator by the actuator

manufacturer.6f7 Iedge bra2e ad*ustment. he movement of the scribe mar2 on the lining shall not

eHceed 1.% mm 6 inch7.

6g7 rums and rotors. he thic2ness of the drums or rotors shall not be less than the limits

established by the bra2e drum or rotor manufacturer.

Citation:

["! FR &!51, ug. 15, (!!5, as amended at "" FR &%%3, ug. %, (!1()

§ 393.): 4ra<es to be operati!e.

Section

6a7 Jeneral rule. EHcept as provided in paragraphs 6b7, 6c7, and 6d7 of this section, all

bra2es with which a motor vehicle is e0uipped must at all times be capable of operating.

6b7 evices to reduce or remove frontwheel bra2ing effort. commercial motor vehicle

may be e0uipped with a device to reduce the front wheel bra2ing effort 6or in the case of a

threeaHle truc2 or truc2 tractor manufactured before #arch 1, 1$"5, a device to remove

the frontwheel bra2ing effort7 if that device meets the applicable re0uirements of

paragraphs 6b7617 and 6(7 of this section.

617 #anually operated devices. #anually operated devices to reduce or remove frontwheel

bra2ing effort may only be used on buses, truc2s, and truc2 tractors manufactured before

#arch 1, 1$"5. -uch devices must not be used unless the vehicle is being operated under

adverse conditions such as wet, snowy, or icy roads.

6(7 utomatic devices. utomatic devices must not reduce the frontwheel bra2ing force bymore than 5! percent of the bra2ing force available when the automatic device is

disconnected 6regardless of whether or not an antiloc2 system failure has occurred on any

aHle7. he device must not be operable by the driver eHcept upon application of the control

that activates the bra2ing system. he device must not be operable when the bra2e control

application pressure eHceeds 5 psig 6for vehicles e0uipped with air bra2es7 or 5 percent of

the maHimum system pressure 6for vehicles which are not e0uipped with air bra2es7.

6c7 EHception. Aaragraph 6a7 of this section does not apply toC



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


617 towed vehicle with disabling damage as defined in B 3$!.5>

6(7 vehicle which is towed in a driveawaytowaway operation and is included in the

eHemption to the re0uirement for bra2es on all wheels, B 3$3.&(6b7>

637 8nladen converter dollies with a gross weight of 1,3%1 2g 63,!!! lbs7 or less, and

manufactured prior to #arch 1, 1$$>

6&7 he steering aHle of a threeaHle dolly which is steered by a codriver>657 Koaded house moving dollies, speciali4ed trailers and dollies used to transport industrial

furnaces, reactors, and similar motor vehicles provided the speed at which the combination

of vehicles will be operated does not eHceed 3( 2mhour 6(! mph7 and bra2es on the

combination of vehicles are capable of stopping the combination within 1(.( meters 6&!

feet7 from the speed at which the vehicle is being operated or 3( 2mhour 6(! mph7,

whichever is less.

6%7 Raised lift aHles. Dra2es on lift aHles need not be capable of being operated while the lift

aHle is raised. +owever, bra2es on lift aHles must be capable of being applied whenever the

lift aHle is lowered and the tires contact the roadway.

6d7 -urge bra2es. 617 -urge bra2es are allowed on=6i7 ny trailer with a gross vehicle weight rating 6J:IR7 of 1(,!!! pounds or less, when its

J:IR does not eHceed 1."5 times the J:IR of the towing vehicle> and

6ii7 ny trailer with a J:IR greater than 1(,!!! pounds, but less than (!,!!1 pounds,

when its J:IR does not eHceed 1.(5 times the J:IR of the towing vehicle.

6(7 he gross vehicle weight 6J:I7 of a trailer e0uipped with surge bra2es may be used

instead of its J:IR to calculate compliance with the weight ratios specified in paragraph 6d7

617 of this section when the trailer manufacturers J:IR label is missing.

637 he J:I of a trailer e0uipped with surge bra2es must be used to calculate compliance

with the weight ratios specified in paragraph 6d7617 of this section when the trailers J:I

eHceeds its J:IR.

6&7 he surge bra2es must meet the re0uirements of B 3$3.&!.

Citation: ["! FR &!51, ug. 15, (!!5, as amended at "( FR $"!, #ar. %, (!!")

Guidance

Question 1: If a Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle C#= ,anufactured on or after ul$ 2+

19 &see§393.)2' has bra<e co,ponents on the front a@le and the bra<es are

not operable does the !ehicle co,pl$ /ith §393.)(

Guidance: /o.

Question 2: If a truc< or truc< tractor ,anufactured prior to ul$ 2+ 19 and

ha!ing 3 or ,ore a@les has inoperable bra<es on the front a@le or so,e of the

bra<e co,ponents are ,issing /ould the !ehicle be in !iolation of §393.)(









7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance: Nes. B3$3.&6a7 re0uires that all bra2es with which the vehicle is e0uipped must

be operable at all times. lthough B3$3.&(6b7617 provides an eHception to the re0uirement

for bra2es on all wheels for truc2s and truc2 tractors with 3 or more aHles and manufactured

prior to 'uly (5, 1$!, the eHception does not affect the applicability of B3$3.& for those

cases in which the vehicle is e0uipped with inoperable front wheel bra2es or only has certain

portions of the front wheel bra2e system 6e.g., shoes, linings, chambers, hoses7 in place.

Question 3: Are the bra<es on a !ehicle to/ed in a dri!ea/a$to/a/a$ operation

or to/ed disabled !ehicle reuired to be operable at all ti,es(

Guidance: B3$3.&6c7 provides an eHception to the re0uirement that bra2es be operable at

all times. his eHception covers disabled vehicles being towed and vehicles towed in a

driveawaytowaway operation.

he driveawaytowaway eHception in B3$3.&6c7 is contingent upon the conditions outlined

in B3$3.&(6b76(7. owed vehicles must have bra2es as may be necessary to ensure

compliance with the performance re0uirements of B3$3.5(. motor vehicle towed by

means of a towbar when any other vehicle is fullmounted on the towed vehicle, or any

combination of motor vehicles utili4ing 3 or more saddlemounts, would not be covered

under the eHception found at B3$3.&6c7.

Iith regard to the disabledvehicle provision of B3$3.&6c7617, the combination vehicle

would have to meet the applicable performance re0uirements of B3$3.5(.

§ 393.)9: Control !al!es for bra<es.

6a7 Jeneral rule. EHcept as provided in paragraphs 6b7 and 6c7 of this section, every motor

vehicle manufactured after 'une 3!, 1$53, which is e0uipped with power bra2es, must have

the bra2ing system so arranged that one application valve must when activated cause all of

the service bra2es on the motor vehicle or combination motor vehicle to operate. his

re0uirement must not be construed to prohibit motor vehicles from being e0uipped with an

additional valve to be used to operate the bra2es on a trailer or trailers or as re0uired for

buses in B 3$3.&&.

6b7 riveawayowaway EHception. his section is not applicable to driveawaytowaway

operations unless the bra2es on such operations are designed to be operated by a single

valve.

6c7 -urge bra2e eHception. his re0uirement is not applicable to trailers e0uipped with surge

bra2es that satisfy the conditions specified in B 3$3.&6d7.

Citation: ["( FR $"1, #ar. %, (!!", as amended at " FR 5&&, -ept. (&, (!13)

§ 393.+: %eser!oirs reuired.





















7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6a7 Reservoir capacity for airbra2ed power units manufactured on or after #arch 1, 1$"5,

and airbra2ed trailers manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$"5. Duses, truc2s, and truc2

tractors manufactured on or after #arch 1, 1$"5, and airbra2ed trailers manufactured on or

after 'anuary 1, 1$"5, must meet the reservoir re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1(1, -5.1.(, in

effect on the date of manufacture.

6b7 Reservoir capacity for airbra2ed vehicles not sub*ect to F#:-- /o. 1(1 on the date ofmanufacture and all vacuum bra2ed vehicles. Each motor vehicle using air or vacuum

bra2ing must have either reserve capacity, or a reservoir, that would enable the driver to

ma2e a full service bra2e application with the engine stopped without depleting the air

pressure or vacuum below "! percent of that indicated by the air or vacuum gauge

immediately before the bra2e application is made. For the purposes of this paragraph, a full

service bra2e application means depressing the bra2e pedal or treadle valve to the limit of

its travel.

6c7 -afeguarding of air and vacuum. Each service reservoir system on a motor vehicle shall

be protected against a loss of air pressure or vacuum due to a failure or lea2age in the

system between the service reservoir and the source of air pressure or vacuum, by chec2valves or e0uivalent devices whose proper functioning can be chec2ed without disconnecting

any air or vacuum line, or fitting.

6d7 rain valves for air bra2ed vehicles. Each reservoir must have a condensate drain valve

that can be manually operated. utomatic condensate drain valves may be used provided

617 they may be operated manually, or 6(7 a manual means of draining the reservoirs is

retained.

Citation: ["! FR &!5(, ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 393.+1: arning signals air pressure and !acuu,gauges.

Section

6a7 Jeneral Rule. Every bus, truc2 and truc2 tractor, eHcept as provided in paragraph 6f7,

must be e0uipped with a signal that provides a warning to the driver when a failure occurs

in the vehicles service bra2e system. he warning signal must meet the applicable

re0uirements of paragraphs 6b7, 6c7, 6d7 or 6e7 of this section.

6b7 +ydraulic bra2es. :ehicles manufactured on or after -eptember 1, 1$"5, must meet the

bra2e system indicator lamp re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 5"1.1!5 6-5.37 applicable to the

vehicle on the date of manufacture. :ehicles manufactured on or after 'uly 1, 1$"3 but



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


before -eptember 1, 1$"5, or to which F#:-- /o. 5"1.1!5 was not applicable on the date

of manufacture, must have a warning signal which operates before or upon application of

the bra2es in the event of a hydraulictype complete failure of a partial system. he signal

must be either visible within the drivers forward field of view or audible. he signal must be

continuous. 6/<E= F#:-- /o. 1!5 was applicable to truc2s and buses from -eptember 1,

1$"5 to <ctober 1(, 1$"%, and from -eptember 1, 1$3, to the present. F#:-- /o. 1!5was not applicable to truc2s and buses manufactured between <ctober 1(, 1$"%, and

-eptember 1, 1$3. #otor carriers have the option of e0uipping those vehicles to meet

either the indicator lamp re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1!5, or the indicator lamp

re0uirements specified in this paragraph for vehicles which were not sub*ect to F#:-- /o.

1!5 on the date of manufacture.7

6c7 ir bra2es. commercial motor vehicle 6regardless of the date of manufacture7

e0uipped with service bra2es activated by compressed air 6air bra2es7 or a commercial

motor vehicle towing a vehicle with service bra2es activated by compressed air 6air bra2es7

must be e0uipped with a pressure gauge and a warning signal. ruc2s, truc2 tractors, and

buses manufactured on or after #arch 1, 1$"5, must, at a minimum, have a pressure gaugeand a warning signal which meets the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1(1 6-5.1.& for the

pressure gauge and -5.1.5 for the warning signal7 applicable to the vehicle on the date of

manufacture of the vehicle. Aower units to which F#:-- /o. 5"1.1(1 was not applicable on

the date of manufacture of the vehicle must be e0uipped withC

617 pressure gauge, visible to a person seated in the normal driving position, which

indicates the air pressure 6in 2ilopascals 62Aa7 or pounds per s0uare inch 6psi77 available for

bra2ing> and

6(7 warning signal that is audible or visible to a person in the normal driving position and

provides a continuous warning to the driver whenever the air pressure in the service

reservoir system is at 3"$ 2Aa 655 psi7 and below, or onehalf of the compressor governor

cutout pressure, whichever is less.

6d7 :acuum bra2es. commercial motor vehicle 6regardless of the date it was

manufactured7 having service bra2es activated by vacuum or a vehicle towing a vehicle

having service bra2es activated by vacuum must be e0uipped withC

617 vacuum gauge, visible to a person seated in the normal driving position, which

indicates the vacuum 6in millimeters or inches of mercury7 available for bra2ing> and

6(7 warning signal that is audible or visible to a person in the normal driving position and

provides a continuous warning to the driver whenever the vacuum in the vehicles supply

reservoir is less than (!3 mm 6 inches7 of mercury.

6e7 +ydraulic bra2es applied or assisted by air or vacuum. Each vehicle e0uipped with

hydraulically activated service bra2es which are applied or assisted by compressed air orvacuum, and to which F#:-- /o. 1!5 was not applicable on the date of manufacture, must

be e0uipped with a warning signal that conforms to paragraph 6b7 of this section for the

hydraulic portion of the system> paragraph 6c7 of this section for the air assistair applied

portion> or paragraph 6d7 of this section for the vacuum assistvacuum applied portion. his

paragraph shall not be construed as re0uiring air pressure gauges or vacuum gauges, only

warning signals.

6f7 EHceptions. he rules in paragraphs 6c7, 6d7 and 6e7 of this section do not apply to

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


property carrying commercial motor vehicles which have less than three aHles and 617 were

manufactured before 'uly 1, 1$"3, and 6(7 have a manufacturers gross vehicle weight

rating less than &,53% 2g 61!,!!1 pounds7.

Citation: ["! FR &!5(, ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: Is the lo/ pressure /arning de!ice reuired to acti!ate before the

tractor protection !al!e(

Guidance: /o. B3$3.51 does not eHplicitly re0uire the warning device to operate before the

protection valve. ;t is implied that if the operating pressure of the warning device is at

least 1 ( of the governor cutout pressure, and that pressure is not less than the pressure at

which the protection valve 6or similar device7 activates, the re0uirements of B3$3.51 aresatisfied.

Question 2: Is the !acuu, portion of !acuu,assisted h$draulic bra<e s$ste,s

reuired to ha!e a /arning de!ice(

Guidance: /o. <nly the hydraulic portion of vacuumassisted hydraulic bra2e systems is

re0uired to have a warning device. Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandards 6developed and

issued by the /ational+ighway raffic -afety dministration7 6F#:--7 /o. 1!5 does not

re0uire a warning device for the vacuum portion of the vacuumassisted hydraulic bra2e

systems. ;t is the intention of the Federal +ighway dministration 6F+I7 that B3$3.51 beconsistent with Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandards 6developed and issued by the

/ational+ighway raffic -afety dministration7 6F#:--7 /o. 1!5.

Question 3: Are !acuu, gauges reuired on the !acuu, portion of !acuu,

assisted h$draulic bra<es(

Guidance: /o. B3$3.516d76(7 re0uires only that ommercial #otor :ehicle #:s with

vacuum bra2es 6not hydraulic bra2es applied or assisted by vacuum7 be e0uipped with a

vacuum gauge.

Question ): Is a /arning de!ice reuired in a Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle C#=s /ith

a single h$draulic bra<e s$ste, /hich uses the dri!eline par<ing bra<e as the

e,ergenc$ bra<e s$ste,(











7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance: /o. Iarning devices are not re0uired on such ommercial #otor :ehicle #:s

#:s because the driver will be given ample warning of system failure by the movement

and feel of the bra2e pedal.

Question +: hat difference if an$ is there bet/een a /arning de!ice and a

/arning signal(

Guidance: For purposes of B3$3.51, the terms may be used interchangeably.

§ 393.+2: 4ra<e perfor,ance.

Section

6a7 8pon application of its service bra2es, a motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles

must under any condition of loading in which it is found on a public highway, be capable ofC

617 eveloping a bra2ing force at least e0ual to the percentage of its gross weight specified

in the table in paragraph 6d7 of this section>

6(7 ecelerating to a stop from (! miles per hour at not less than the rate specified in the

table in paragraph 6d7 of this section> and

637 -topping from (! miles per hour in a distance, measured from the point at which

movement of the service bra2e pedal or control begins, that is not greater than the distance

specified in the table in paragraph 6d7 of this section> or, for motor vehicles or motor vehicle

combinations that have a J:IR or J:I greater than &,53% 2g 61!,!!! pounds7,6&7 eveloping only the bra2ing force specified in paragraph 6a7617 of this section and the

stopping distance specified in paragraph 6a7637 of this section, if bra2ing force is measured

by a performancebased bra2e tester which meets the re0uirements of functional

specifications for performancebased bra2e testers for commercial motor vehicles, where

bra2ing force is the sum of the bra2ing force at each wheel of the vehicle or vehicle

combination as a percentage of gross vehicle or combination weight.

6b7 8pon application of its emergency bra2e system and with no other bra2e system

applied, a motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles must, under any condition of

loading in which it is found on a public highway, be capable of stopping from (! miles per

hour in a distance, measured from the point at which movement of the emergency bra2e

control begins, that is not greater than the distance specified in the table in paragraph 6d7 of

this section.

6c7 onformity to the stoppingdistance re0uirements of paragraphs 6a7 and 6b7 of this

section shall be determined under the following conditions=

617 ny test must be made with the vehicle on a hard surface that is substantially level, dry,

smooth, and free of loose material.

6(7 he vehicle must be in the center of a 1(footwide lane when the test begins and must





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


not deviate from that lane during the test.

6d7 :ehicle bra2e performance table=

Citation: [3% FR (!($, <ct. (!, 1$"1, as amended at 3" FR 5(51, #ar. 11, 1$"(> 3" FR

1133%, 'une ", 1$"(> %" FR 51""", ug. $, (!!()

Guidance

Question 1: #a$ the infor,ation in the stopping distance table be used to

deter,ine the stopping distances at speeds greater than 2 ,ph(

Guidance: /o, the table is not intended to be used to predict or determine stopping

distances at speeds greater than (! mph.

§ 393.+3: Auto,atic bra<e adFusters and bra<e adFust,entindicators.

6a7 utomatic bra2e ad*usters 6hydraulic bra2e systems7. Each commercial motor vehicle

manufactured on or after <ctober (!, 1$$3, and e0uipped with a hydraulic bra2e system,

shall meet the automatic bra2e ad*ustment system re0uirements of Federal #otor :ehicle

-afety -tandard /o. 1!5 6&$ FR 5"1.1!5, -5.17 applicable to the vehicle at the time it wasmanufactured.

6b7 utomatic bra2e ad*usters 6air bra2e systems7. Each commercial motor vehicle

manufactured on or after <ctober (!, 1$$&, and e0uipped with an air bra2e system must

meet the automatic bra2e ad*ustment system re0uirements of Federal #otor :ehicle -afety

-tandard /o. 1(1 6&$ FR 5"1.1(1, -5.1. or -5.(.(7 applicable to the vehicle at the time

it was manufactured.

6c7 Dra2e ad*ustment indicator 6air bra2e systems7. <n each commercial motor vehicle

manufactured on or after <ctober (!, 1$$&, and e0uipped with an air bra2e system which

contains an eHternal automatic ad*ustment mechanism and an eHposed pushrod, the

condition of service bra2e underad*ustment must be displayed by a bra2e ad*ustment

indicator conforming to the re0uirements of Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandard /o. 1(1

6&$ FR 5"1.1(1, -5.1. or -5.(.(7 applicable to the vehicle at the time it was

manufactured.

Citation: [%! FR &%(&5, -ept. %, 1$$5, as amended at "" FR &%%3$, ug. %, (!1()



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


§ 393.++: Antiloc< bra<e s$ste,s.

6a7 +ydraulic bra2e systems. Each truc2 and bus manufactured on or after #arch 1, 1$$$

6eHcept truc2s and buses engaged in driveawaytowaway operations7, and e0uipped with a

hydraulic bra2e system, shall be e0uipped with an antiloc2 bra2e system that meets the

re0uirements of Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandard 6F#:--7 /o. 1!5 6&$ FR 5"1.1!5,

-5.57.

6b7 D- malfunction indicators for hydraulic bra2ed vehicles. Each hydraulic bra2ed vehicle

sub*ect to the re0uirements of paragraph 6a7 of this section shall be e0uipped with an D-

malfunction indicator system that meets the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1!5 6&$ FR

5"1.1!5, -5.37.

6c7 ir bra2e systems. 617 Each truc2 tractor manufactured on or after #arch 1, 1$$"

6eHcept truc2 tractors engaged in driveawaytowaway operations7, shall be e0uipped with an

antiloc2 bra2e system that meets the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1(1 6&$ FR 5"1.1(1,

-5.1.%.16b77.

6(7 Each air bra2ed commercial motor vehicle other than a truc2 tractor, manufactured on orafter #arch 1, 1$$ 6eHcept commercial motor vehicles engaged in driveawaytowaway

operations7, shall be e0uipped with an antiloc2 bra2e system that meets the re0uirements of

F#:-- /o. 1(1 6&$ FR 5"1.1(1, -5.1.%.16a7 for truc2s and buses, -5.(.3 for semitrailers,

converter dollies and full trailers7.

6d7 D- malfunction circuits and signals for air bra2ed vehicles. 617 Each truc2 tractor

manufactured on or after #arch 1, 1$$", and each singleunit air bra2ed vehicle

manufactured on or after #arch 1, 1$$, sub*ect to the re0uirements of paragraph 6c7 of

this section, shall be e0uipped with an electrical circuit that is capable of signaling a

malfunction that affects the generation or transmission of response or control signals to the

vehicles antiloc2 bra2e system 6&$ FR 5"1.1(1, -5.1.%.(6a77.6(7 Each truc2 tractor manufactured on or after #arch 1, (!!1, and each singleunit vehicle

that is e0uipped to tow another airbra2ed vehicle, sub*ect to the re0uirements of paragraph

6c7 of this section, shall be e0uipped with an electrical circuit that is capable of transmitting

a malfunction signal from the antiloc2 bra2e system6s7 on the towed vehicle6s7 to the trailer

D- malfunction lamp in the cab of the towing vehicle, and shall have the means for

connection of the electrical circuit to the towed vehicle. he D- malfunction circuit and

signal shall meet the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1(1 6&$ FR 5"1.1(1, -5.1.%.(6b77.

637 Each semitrailer, trailer converter dolly, and full trailer manufactured on or after #arch 1,

(!!1, and sub*ect to the re0uirements of paragraph 6c76(7 of this section, shall be e0uipped

with an electrical circuit that is capable of signaling a malfunction in the trailers antiloc2

bra2e system, and shall have the means for connection of this D- malfunction circuit to the

towing vehicle. ;n addition, each trailer manufactured on or after #arch 1, (!!1, sub*ect to

the re0uirements of paragraph 6c76(7 of this section, that is designed to tow another air

bra2e e0uipped trailer shall be capable of transmitting a malfunction signal from the antiloc2

bra2e system6s7 of the trailer6s7 it tows to the vehicle in front of the trailer. he D-

malfunction circuit and signal shall meet the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1(1 6&$ FR

5"1.1(1, -5.(.3.(7.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6e7 EHterior D- malfunction indicator lamps for trailers. Each trailer 6including a trailer

converter dolly7 manufactured on or after #arch 1, 1$$, and sub*ect to the re0uirements

of paragraph 6c76(7 of this section, shall be e0uipped with an D- malfunction indicator

lamp which meets the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1(1 6&$ FR 5"1.1(1, -5.(.3.37.

Citation: [%3 FR (&&%5, #ay &, 1$$, as amended at "5 FR 5"3$%, -ept. (1, (!1!)

§ 393.5: Gla?ing in specified openings.

Section

6a7 Jla4ing material. Jla4ing material used in windshields, windows, and doors on a motorvehicle manufactured on or after ecember (5, 1$%, shall at a minimum meet the

re0uirements of Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandard 6F#:--7 /o. (!5 in effect on the

date of manufacture of the motor vehicle. he gla4ing material shall be mar2ed in

accordance with F#:-- /o. (!5 6&$ FR 5"1.(!5, -%7.

6b7 Iindshields re0uired. Each bus, truc2 and truc2tractor shall be e0uipped with a

windshield. Each windshield or portion of a multipiece windshield shall be mounted using

the full periphery of the gla4ing material.

6c7 Iindshield condition. Iith the eHception of the conditions listed in paragraphs 6c7617, 6c7

6(7, and 6c7637 of this section, each windshield shall be free of discoloration or damage in

the area eHtending upward from the height of the top of the steering wheel 6eHcluding a 51

mm 6( inch7 border at the top of the windshield7 and eHtending from a (5 mm 61 inch7

border at each side of the windshield or windshield panel. EHceptions=

617 oloring or tinting which meets the re0uirements of paragraph 6d7 of this section>

6(7 ny crac2 that is not intersected by any other crac2s>

637 ny damaged area which can be covered by a disc 1$ mm 6 inch7 in diameter if not

closer than "% mm 63 inches7 to any other similarly damaged area.

6d7 oloring or tinting of windshields and windows. oloring or tinting of windshields and the

windows to the immediate right and left of the driver is allowed, provided the parallel

luminous transmittance through the colored or tinted gla4ing is not less than "! percent of

the light at normal incidence in those portions of the windshield or windows which are

mar2ed as having a parallel luminous transmittance of not less than "! percent. he

transmittance restriction does not apply to other windows on the commercial motor vehicle.

6e7 Arohibition on obstructions to the drivers field of viewC617 evices mounted at the top

of the windshield. ntennas, transponders, and similar devices must not be mounted more

than 15( mm 6% inches7 below the upper edge of the windshield. hese devices must be

located outside the area swept by the windshield wipers, and outside the drivers sight lines

to the road and highway signs and signals.



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6(7 ecals and stic2ers mounted on the windshield. ommercial :ehicle -afety lliance

6:-7 inspection decals, and stic2ers andor decals re0uired under Federal or -tate laws

may be placed at the bottom or sides of the windshield provided such decals or stic2ers do

not eHtend more than 115 mm 6& inches7 from the bottom of the windshield and are located

outside the area swept by the windshield wipers, and outside the drivers sight lines to the

road and highway signs or signals.

Citation: [%3 FR 13", 'an. $, 1$$)

Guidance

Question 1: #a$ /indshields and side /indo/s be tinted(

Guidance: Nes, as long as the light transmission is not restricted to less than "! percent of

normal 6refer to the merican -tandards ssociation publication L(%.11$%% and L(%.1a1$%$7.

Question 2: #a$ a decal designed to co,pl$ /ith the periodic inspection

docu,entation reuire,ents of §395.17 be displa$ed on the /indshields or side

/indo/s of a Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle C#=(

Guidance: Nes, provided the decal is being used in lieu of an inspection report and is in

compliance withB3$3.%!6c7.

Question 3: If a crac< e@tended into the thic<ness of the glass at such an angle as

to ,easure 10)- or ,ore ,easuring fro, the top edge of the crac< on the outside

surface of the /indshield to !ertical line dra/n through the /indshield to the far

edge of this angled crac< on the inside of the /indshield /ould this constitute a

crac< of 10)- or ,ore in /idth as defined in §393.5&b'&2'(

Guidance: /o. he crac2, in order to fall outside the eHception, would have to be a gap

of 1 &G or more on the same surface of the windshield.

§ 393.51: ruc< and truc< tractor /indo/ construction.

Section









7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Each truc2 and truc2 tractor 6eHcept truc2s engaged in armored car service7 shall have at

least one window on each side of the drivers compartment. Each window must have a

minimum area of 1,($! cm( 6(!! in(7 formed by a rectangle 33 cm by &5 cm 613 inches by

1"3 ⁄ 4 inches7. he maHimum radius of the corner arcs shall not eHceed 15( mm 6% inches7.

he long aHis of the rectangle shall not ma2e an angle of more than &5 degrees with the

surface on which the unladen vehicle stands. ;f the cab is designed with a folding door ordoors or with clear openings where doors or windows are customarily located, no windows

shall be re0uired in those locations.

Guidance

Question 1: *o school buses used for purposes other than school bus operations

&as defined in§39.+' ha!e to ,eet additional e,ergenc$ e@its reuire,ents

under §393.51(

Guidance:

Nes. B3$3.%16b76(7 says that Ga bus, including a school bus, manufactured on and after

-eptember 1, 1$"3,G must conform with /ational +ighway raffic -afety dministration

6/+-79s B5"1.(1" 6Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandards 6developed and issued by the

/ational+ighway raffic -afety dministration7 6F#:--7 (1"7. t the time this provision was

adopted, Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandards 6developed and issued by the

/ational+ighway raffic -afety dministration7 6F#:--7 (1" applied only to other buses and

it was optional for school buses. he Federal +ighway dministration F+I inserted the

language, Gincluding school buses,G in B3$3.%16b76(7 to ma2e clear that school buses usedin interstate commerce and, therefore, sub*ect to the Federal #otor arrier -afety

Regulations 6F#-Rs7, were re0uired to comply with the bus eHit standards in -tandard

Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandards 6developed and issued by the /ational+ighway

raffic -afety dministration7 6F#:--7 (1".

-ec. 3$3.%16b7637 regarding pushout windows provides that older buses must conform with

the re0uirements of BB3$3.%16b7 or 5"1.(1". Duses which are sub*ect to B5"1.(1" would

follow /ational +ighway raffic -afety dministration 6/+-79s interpretation on pushout

windows. Duses which are sub*ect to B3$3.%16b7617 of the Federal #otor arrier -afety

Regulations 6F#-Rs7 are re0uired to have emergency windows that are either pushout

windows or that have laminated safety glass that can be pushed out in a manner similar to

a pushout window.

Question 2: "or e,ergenc$ e@its /hich consist of la,inated safet$ glass is the

/indo/ fra,e or sash reuired to ,o!e out/ard fro, the bus as is the case /ith

pushout /indo/s(







7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance:

/o. Kaminated safety glass is an alternative to the use of pushout windows for buses

manufactured before -eptember 1, 1$"3. B3$3.%16c7 re0uires that every gla4ed opening

used to satisfy the emergency eHit space re0uirements, Gif not gla4ed with laminated safety

glass, shall have a frame or sash so designed, constructed, and maintained that it will yield

outwardly to provide the re0uired free opening. P P PG Kaminated safety glass meeting est

/o. (5, Egress, merican /ational -tandard G-afety ode for -afety Jla4ing #aterials for

Jla4ing #otor :ehicles <perating on Kand +ighways,G L(%.11$%% as supplemented by

L(%.1a1$%$ 6referenced in BB3$3.%16c7 and 3$3.%!6a77 is intended to provide an ade0uate

means of emergency eHit on older buses without resorting to pushout windows.

+owever, buses with a seating capacity of more than 1! people manufactured after

-eptember 1, 1$"3, must have pushout windows that conform to &$ FR 5"1.(1"

Question 3: hen calculating the ,ini,u, e,ergenc$ e@it space reuired on

school buses used in nonschool bus operations should t/o or three passengers

per bench seat be used in deter,ining the adult seating capacit$(

Guidance: he /ational +ighway raffic -afety dministration 6/+-7 has indicated that

G-chool buses can transport 3 to a seat if the passengers are in grades 1 through 5, and (

per seat in grades $ through 1(.G 6#ay $, 1$$5, %! FR (&5%(, (&5%"7 herefore, for

vehicles originally manufactured as school buses, the total pupil seating capacity provided

by the bus manufacturer should be multiplied by ( 3 to determine the adult seating capacity

for the purposes of B3$3.%1. his generally yields the same result as using two adults per

bench seat.

Question ): *o school buses /hich ,eet the school bus e,ergenc$ e@it

reuire,ents established b$ the Hational 6igh/a$ raffic Safet$ Ad,inistration

&H6SA';s Ho!e,ber 2 1992 final rule on "ederal #otor =ehicle Safet$ Standards

&de!eloped and issued b$ the Hational6igh/a$ raffic Safet$ Ad,inistration'

"#=SS Ho. 217 ha!e to be retrofitted /ith additional e,ergenc$ e@its /hen used

in interstate co,,erce for nonschool bus operations(

Guidance: /o. <n #ay $, 1$$5, the /ational +ighway raffic -afety dministration 6/+-7

amended Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandards 6developed and issued by the

/ational+ighway raffic -afety dministration7 F#:-- /o. (1" to permit nonschool buses

to meet either the current nonschool bus emergency eHit re0uirements or the upgraded

school bus eHit re0uirements established by the /ovember (, 1$$( 65" FR &$&137, final rule

which became effective on -eptember 1, 1$$&. herefore, school buses which meet the

upgraded emergency eHit standards meet the re0uirements of B3$3.%1 without the

retrofitting of additional eHits.





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Question +: hich edition of "ederal #otor =ehicle Safet$ Standards &de!eloped

and issued b$ the Hational6igh/a$ raffic Safet$ Ad,inistration' "#=SS Ho. 217

is reuired to be used in deter,ining the e,ergenc$ e@it space reuire,ents

/hen retrofitting buses(

Guidance: he cross reference to Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandards 6developed and

issued by the /ational+ighway raffic -afety dministration7 F#:-- /o. (1" applies to the

re0uirements in effect at the time of manufacture of the bus. #otor carriers are not,

however, prohibited from retrofitting their buses to the most uptodate re0uirements in

Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandards 6developed and issued by the /ational+ighway

raffic -afety dministration7 F#:-- /o. (1". herefore, at a minimum, motor carriers

must meet the nonschool bus emergency eHit re0uirements in effect at the time of

manufacture, and have the option of retrofitting their buses to meet the emergency eHit

re0uirements established by the /ovem ber (, 1$$( 65" FR &$&137, final rule which became

effective on -eptember 1, 1$$&.

§ 393.52: 8,ergenc$ e@its for buses.

Section

6a7 Duses manufactured on or after -eptember 1, 1$$&. Each bus with a J:IR of &,53% 2g

61!,!!! pounds7 or less must meet the emergency eHit re0uirements of F#:-- /o. (1"

6-5.(.(.37 in effect on the date of manufacture. Each bus with a J:IR of more than &,53%

2g 61!,!!! pounds7 must have emergency eHits which meet the applicable emergency eHit

re0uirements of F#:-- /o. (1" 6-5.(.( or -5.(.37 in effect on the date of manufacture.

6b7 Duses manufactured on or after -eptember 1, 1$"3, but before -eptember 1, 1$$&. 617

Each bus 6including a school bus used in interstate commerce for nonschool bus

operations7 with a J:IR of more than &,53% 2g 61!,!!! lbs7 must meet the re0uirements

of F#:-- /o. (1", -5.(.( in effect on the date of manufacture.

6(7 Each bus 6including a school bus used in interstate commerce for nonschool bus

operations7 with a J:IR of &,53% 2g 61!,!!! lbs7 or less must meet the re0uirements ofF#:-- /o. (1", -5.(.(.3 in effect on the date of manufacture.

6c7 Duses manufactured before -eptember 1, 1$"3. For each seated passenger space

provided, inclusive of the driver there shall be at least &3( cm 6%" s0uare inches7 of gla4ing

if such gla4ing is not contained in a pushout window> or, at least &3( cm( 6%" s0uare

inches7 of free opening resulting from opening of a pushout type window. /o area shall be

included in this minimum prescribed area unless it will provide an unobstructed opening of

at least 1,($! cm( 6(!! in(7 formed by a rectangle 33 cm by &5 cm 613 inches by



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


1"3 ⁄ 4 inches7. he maHimum radius of the corner arcs shall not eHceed 15( mm 6% inches7.

he long aHis of the rectangle shall not ma2e an angle of more than &5 degrees with the

surface on which the unladen vehicle stands. he area shall be measured either by removal

of the gla4ing if not of the pushout type, or of the movable sash if of the pushout type.

he eHit must comply with paragraph 6d7 of this section. Each side of the bus must have at

least &! percent of emergency eHit space re0uired by this paragraph.6d7 Kaminated safety glasspushout window re0uirements for buses manufactured before

-eptember 1, 1$"3. Emergency eHit space used to satisfy the re0uirements of paragraph 6c7

of this section must have laminated safety glass or pushout windows designed and

maintained to yield outward to provide a free opening.

617 -afety glass. Kaminated safety glass must meet est /o. (5, Egress, of merican

/ational -tandard for -afety Jla4ing #aterials for Jla4ing #otor :ehicles and #otor :ehicle

E0uipment <perating on Kand +ighwaysC-afety -tandards /-;-E L(%.1$%, ugust

1$$". 6-ee B 3$3." 6b7 for information on incorporation by reference and availability of this

document.7

6(7 Aushout windows. Each pushout window shall be releasable by operating no more thantwo mechanisms and allow manual release of the eHit by a single occupant. For mechanisms

which re0uire rotary or straight 6parallel to the undisturbed eHit surface7 motions to operate

the eHit, no more than $ /ewtons 6(! pounds7 of force shall be re0uired to release the

eHit. For eHits which re0uire a straight motion perpendicular to the undisturbed eHit surface,

no more than (%" /ewtons 6%! pounds7 shall be re0uired to release the eHit.

6e7 Emergency eHit identification. Each bus and each school bus used in interstate

commerce for nonschool bus operations, manufactured on or after -eptember 1, 1$"3,

shall meet the applicable emergency eHit identification or mar2ing re0uirements of F#:--

/o. (1", -5.5, in effect on the date of manufacture. he emergency eHits and doors on all

buses 6including school buses used in interstate commerce for nonschool bus operations7

must be mar2ed ?Emergency EHit@ or ?Emergency oor@ followed by concise operating

instructions describing each motion necessary to unlatch or open the eHit located within 15(

mm 6% inches7 of the release mechanism.

6f7 EHception for the transportation of prisoners. he re0uirements of this section do not

apply to buses used eHclusively for the transportation of prisoners.

Citation:

["! FR &!5(, ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: #a$ a bus being operated b$ a forhire ,otor carrier of passengers

under contract /ith a go!ern,ental agenc$ to pro!ide transportation of prisoners

in interstate co,,erce be allo/ed to operate /ith securit$ bars co!ering the

e,ergenc$ pushout /indo/s and /ith loc<ed e,ergenc$ door e@its(



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance: Nes. Even when the transportation is performed by a contract carrier, the

welfare, safety, and security of the prisoners is under the authority of the governmental

corrections agency and, thus, the agency may re0uire additional security measures. For

these types of operations, a carrier may meet the special security re0uirements of the

governmental corrections agency regarding emergency eHits. +owever, #:s that have

been modified to meet the security re0uirements of the corrections agency may not be usedfor other purposes that are sub*ect to the F#-Rs unless they meet the emergency eHit

re0uirements.

§ 393.5+: All fuel s$ste,s.

Section

6a7 pplication of the rules in this section. he rules in this section apply to systems for

containing and supplying fuel for the operation of motor vehicles or for the operation of

auHiliary e0uipment installed on, or used in connection with, motor vehicles.

6b7 Kocation. Each fuel system must be located on the motor vehicle so thatC

617 /o part of the system eHtends beyond the widest part of the vehicle>

6(7 /o part of a fuel tan2 is forward of the front aHle of a power unit>

637 Fuel spilled vertically from a fuel tan2 while it is being filled will not contact any part of

the eHhaust or electrical systems of the vehicle, eHcept the fuel level indicator assembly>

6&7 Fill pipe openings are located outside the vehicles passenger compartment and its cargo

compartment>

657 fuel line does not eHtend between a towed vehicle and the vehicle that is towing it

while the combination of vehicles is in motion> and

6%7 /o part of the fuel system of a bus manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$"3, is located

within or above the passenger compartment.

6c7 Fuel tan2 installation. Each fuel tan2 must be securely attached to the motor vehicle in a

wor2manli2e manner.

6d7 Jravity or syphon feed prohibited. fuel system must not supply fuel by gravity or

syphon feed directly to the carburetor or in*ector.

6e7 -election control valve location. ;f a fuel system includes a selection control valve which

is operable by the driver to regulate the flow of fuel from two or more fuel tan2s, the valve

must be installed so that eitherC617 he driver may operate it while watching the roadway and without leaving hisher

driving position> or

6(7 he driver must stop the vehicle and leave hisher seat in order to operate the valve.

6f7 Fuel lines. fuel line which is not completely enclosed in a protective housing must not

eHtend more than ( inches below the fuel tan2 or its sump. iesel fuel crossover, return,

and withdrawal lines which eHtend below the bottom of the tan2 or sump must be protected



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


against damage from impact. Every fuel line must beC

617 Kong enough and fleHible enough to accommodate normal movements of the parts to

which it is attached without incurring damage> and

6(7 -ecured against chafing, 2in2ing, or other causes of mechanical damage.

6g7 EHcess flow valve. Ihen pressure devices are used to force fuel from a fuel tan2, a

device which prevents the flow of fuel from the fuel tan2 if the fuel feed line is bro2en mustbe installed in the fuel system.

Citation: [3% FR 15&&5, ug. 1&, 1$"1, as amended at 3" FR &3&1, #ar. (, 1$"(> 3" FR

("5(, ec. ($, 1$"()

Guidance

Question 1: #a$ a fuel fill pipe opening be placed abo!e the passenger floor le!el if

it is not ph$sicall$ /ithin the passenger co,part,ent(

Guidance: Juidance= Nes. ;n addition, the fill pipe may intrude into the passenger

compartment as long as the fill pipe opening complies with B3$!.5 because it transports

ha4ardous materials in a 0uantity re0uiring placarding under the +a4ardous #aterials

Regulations 6&$ FR parts 1"11!7 comply with the fuel system re0uirements of -ubpart E

of Aart 3$3, even though it has a gross vehicle weight rating 6Jross :ehicle Ieight Rating

6J:IR77 of 1!,!!! pounds or lessQ

Guidance: Juidance= /o. Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandards 6developed and issued by

the /ational+ighway raffic -afety dministration7 F#:-- /o.3!1 contains fuel systemintegrity re0uirements for passenger cars and multipurpose passenger vehicles, truc2s, and

buses that have a Jross :ehicle Ieight Rating 6J:IR7 of 1!,!!! pounds or less and use

fuel with a boiling point above ! deg. elsius 63( deg. Fahrenheit7. -ubpart E of Aart

3$3 was issued to provide fuel system re0uirements to cover motor vehicles with a J:IR of

1!,!!1 or more pounds. he fuel systems of placarded motor vehicles with a J:IR of less

than 1!,!!1 pounds are ade0uately addressed by F#:-- /o. 3!1 and compliance with

subpart E of part 3$3 would be redundant. +owever, commercial motor vehicles that are not

covered by F#:-- /o. 3!1 must continue to comply with -ubpart E of Aart 3$3.

§ 393.57: Diuid fuel tan<s.

Section

6a7 pplication of the rules in this section. he rules in this section apply to tan2s containing

or supplying fuel for the operation of commercial motor vehicles or for the operation of

auHiliary e0uipment installed on, or used in connection with commercial motor vehicles.


http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/title49/section/393.65%3E%C2%A7393.65(b)(4)%3C/a%3E,%20and%20the%20fill%20pipe%20is%20protected%20by%20a%20housing%20or%20covering%20to%20prevent%20leakage%20of%20fuel%20or%20fumes%20into%20the%20passenger%20compartment.%3C/p%3E%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Cp%3E%3Cb%3EQuestion%202:%20Must%20a%20motor%20vehicle%20that%20meets%20the%20definition%20of%20a%20%E2%80%98%E2%80%98commercial%20motor%20vehicle%E2%80%99%E2%80%99%20in%20%3Ca%20href=







http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/title49/section/393.65%3E%C2%A7393.65(b)(4)%3C/a%3E,%20and%20the%20fill%20pipe%20is%20protected%20by%20a%20housing%20or%20covering%20to%20prevent%20leakage%20of%20fuel%20or%20fumes%20into%20the%20passenger%20compartment.%3C/p%3E%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Cp%3E%3Cb%3EQuestion%202:%20Must%20a%20motor%20vehicle%20that%20meets%20the%20definition%20of%20a%20%E2%80%98%E2%80%98commercial%20motor%20vehicle%E2%80%99%E2%80%99%20in%20%3Ca%20href=






7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


617 li0uid fuel tan2 manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$"3, and a sidemounted

gasoline tan2 must conform to all rules in this section.

6(7 diesel fuel tan2 manufactured before 'anuary 1, 1$"3, and mounted on a bus must

conform to the rules in paragraphs 6c76"76ii7 and 6d76(7 of this section.

637 diesel fuel tan2 manufactured before 'anuary 1, 1$"3, and mounted on a vehicle other

than a bus must conform to the rules in paragraph 6c76"76ii7 of this section.6&7 gasoline tan2, other than a sidemounted gasoline tan2, manufactured before 'anuary

1, 1$"3, and mounted on a bus must conform to the rules in paragraphs 6c7 617 through

61!7 and 6d76(7 of this section.

657 gasoline tan2, other than a sidemounted gasoline tan2, manufactured before 'anuary

1, 1$"3, and mounted on a vehicle other than a bus must conform to the rules in

paragraphs 6c7 617 through 61!7, inclusive, of this section.

6%7 Arivate motor carrier of passengers. #otor carriers engaged in the private transportation

of passengers may continue to operate a commercial motor vehicle which was not sub*ect to

this section or &$ FR 5"1.3!1 at the time of its manufacture, provided the fuel tan2 of

such vehicle is maintained to the original manufacturers standards.6"7 #otor vehicles that meet the fuel system integrity re0uirements of &$ FR 5"1.3!1 are

eHempt from the re0uirements of this subpart, as they apply to the vehicles fueling system.

6b7 efinitions. s used in this sectionC

617 he term li0uid fuel tan2 means a fuel tan2 designed to contain a fuel that is li0uid at

normal atmospheric pressures and temperatures.

6(7 sidemounted fuel tan2 is a li0uid fuel tan2 whichC

6i7 ;f mounted on a truc2 tractor, eHtends outboard of the vehicle frame and outside of the

plan view outline of the cab> or

6ii7 ;f mounted on a truc2, eHtends outboard of a line parallel to the longitudinal centerline

of the truc2 and tangent to the outboard side of a front tire in a straight ahead position. ;n

determining whether a fuel tan2 on a truc2 or truc2 tractor is sidemounted, the fill pipe is

not considered a part of the tan2.

6c7 onstruction of li0uid fuel tan2sC617 'oints. 'oints of a fuel tan2 body must be closed by

arc, gas, seam, or spotwelding, by bra4ing, by silver soldering, or by techni0ues which

provide heat resistance and mechanical securement at least e0ual to those specifically

named. 'oints must not be closed solely by crimping or by soldering with a leadbased or

other soft solder.

6(7 Fittings. he fuel tan2 body must have flanges or spuds suitable for the installation of all

fittings.

637 hreads. he threads of all fittings must be ryseal merican -tandard aper Aipe

hread or ryseal -E -hort aper Aipe hread, specified in -ociety of utomotiveEngineers -tandard '&"%, as contained in the 1$"1 edition of the ?-E +andboo2,@ eHcept

that straight 6nontapered7 threads may be used on fittings having integral flanges and using

gas2ets for sealing. t least four full threads must be in engagement in each fitting.

6&7 rains and bottom fittings. 6i7 rains or other bottom fittings must not eHtend more

than threefourths of an inch below the lowest part of the fuel tan2 or sump.

6ii7 rains or other bottom fittings must be protected against damage from impact.

6iii7 ;f a fuel tan2 has drains the drain fittings must permit substantially complete drainage

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


of the tan2.

6iv7 rains or other bottom fittings must be installed in a flange or spud designed to

accommodate it.

657 Fuel withdrawal fittings. EHcept for diesel fuel tan2s, the fittings through which fuel is

withdrawn from a fuel tan2 must be located above the normal level of fuel in the tan2 when

the tan2 is full.6%7 [Reserved)

6"7 Fill pipe. 6i7 Each fill pipe must be designed and constructed to minimi4e the ris2 of fuel

spillage during fueling operations and when the vehicle is involved in a crash.

6ii7 For dieselfueled vehicles, the fill pipe and vents of a fuel tan2 having a capacity of more

than $&."5 K 6(5 gallons7 of fuel must permit filling the tan2 with fuel at a rate of at least

"5. Km 6(! gallons per minute7 without fuel spillage.

6iii7 For gasoline and methanolfueled vehicles with a J:IR of 3,"&& 2g 6,5!! pounds7 or

less, the vehicle must permit filling the tan2 with fuel dispensed at the applicable fill rate

re0uired by the regulations of the Environmental Arotection gency under &! FR !.((.

6iv7 For gasoline and methanolfueled vehicles with a J:IR of 1&,!!! pounds 6%,&!! 2g7or less, the vehicle must comply with the applicable fuelspitbac2 prevention and onboard

refueling vapor recovery regulations of the Environmental Arotection gency under &! FR

part %.

6v7 Each fill pipe must be fitted with a cap that can be fastened securely over the opening in

the fill pipe. -crew threads or a bayonettype point are methods of conforming to the

re0uirements of paragraph 6c7 of this section.

67 -afety venting system. li0uid fuel tan2 with a capacity of more than (5 gallons of fuel

must have a venting system which, in the event the tan2 is sub*ected to fire, will prevent

internal tan2 pressure from rupturing the tan2s body, seams, or bottom opening 6if any7.

6$7 Aressure resistance. he body and fittings of a li0uid fuel tan2 with a capacity of more

than (5 gallons of fuel must be capable of withstanding an internal hydrostatic pressure

e0ual to 15! percent of the maHimum internal pressure reached in the tan2 during the

safety venting system test specified in paragraph 6d7617 of this section.

61!7 ir vent. Each fuel tan2 must be e0uipped with a nonspill air vent 6such as a ball

chec27. he air vent may be combined with the fillpipe cap or safety vent, or it may be a

separate unit installed on the fuel tan2.

6117 #ar2ings. ;f the body of a fuel tan2 is readily visible when the tan2 is installed on the

vehicle, the tan2 must be plainly mar2ed with its li0uid capacity. he tan2 must also be

plainly mar2ed with a warning against filling it to more than $5 percent of its li0uid capacity.

61(7 <verfill restriction. li0uid fuel tan2 manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$"3, must

be designed and constructed so thatC6i7 he tan2 cannot be filled, in a normal filling operation, with a 0uantity of fuel that

eHceeds $5 percent of the tan2s li0uid capacity> and

6ii7 Ihen the tan2 is filled, normal eHpansion of the fuel will not cause fuel spillage.

6d7 Ki0uid fuel tan2 tests. Each li0uid fuel tan2 must be capable of passing the tests

specified in paragraphs 6d7617 and 6(7 of this section. he specified tests are a measure of

performance only. lternative procedures which assure that e0uipment meets the re0uired

performance standards may be used. .

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


617 -afety venting system testC6i7 Arocedure. Fill the tan2 threefourths full with fuel, seal

the fuel feed outlet, and invert the tan2. Ihen the fuel temperature is between 5! F. and

! F., apply an enveloping flame to the tan2 so that the temperature of the fuel rises at a

rate of not less than % F. and not more than F. per minute.

6ii7 Re0uired performance. he safety venting system re0uired by paragraph 6c767 of this

section must activate before the internal pressure in the tan2 eHceeds 5! pounds per s0uareinch, gauge, and the internal pressure must not thereafter eHceed the pressure at which the

system activated by more than five pounds per s0uare inch despite any further increase in

the temperature of the fuel.

6(7 Kea2age testC6i7 Arocedure. Fill the tan2 to capacity with fuel having a temperature

between 5! F. and ! F. Iith the fillpipe cap installed, turn the tan2 through an angle of

15! in any direction about any aHis from its normal position.

6ii7 Re0uired performance. /either the tan2 nor any fitting may lea2 more than a total of

one ounce by weight of fuel per minute in any position the tan2 assumes during the test.

6e7 -idemounted li0uid fuel tan2 tests. Each sidemounted li0uid fuel tan2 must be capable

of passing the tests specified in paragraphs 6e7617 and 6(7 of this section and the testspecified in paragraphs 6d7617 and 6(7 of this section. he specified tests are a measure of

performance only. lternative procedures which assure that e0uipment meets the re0uired

performance criteria may be used.

617 rop testC6i7 Arocedure. Fill the tan2 with a 0uantity of water having a weight e0ual to

the weight of the maHimum fuel load of the tan2 and drop the tan2 3! feet onto an

unyielding surface so that it lands s0uarely on one corner.

6ii7 Re0uired performance. /either the tan2 nor any fitting may lea2 more than a total of 1

ounce by weight of water per minute.

6(7 Fillpipe testC6i7 Arocedure. Fill the tan2 with a 0uantity of water having a weight e0ual

to the weight of the maHimum fuel load of the tan2 and drop the tan2 1! feet onto an

unyielding surface so that it lands s0uarely on its fillpipe.

6ii7 Re0uired performance. /either the tan2 nor any fitting may lea2 more than a total of 1

ounce by weight of water per minute.

6f7 ertification and mar2ings. Each li0uid fuel tan2 shall be legibly and permanently mar2ed

by the manufacturer with the following minimum information=

617 he month and year of manufacture,

6(7 he manufacturers name on tan2s manufactured on and after 'uly 1, 1$$, and means

of identifying the facility at which the tan2 was manufactured, and

637 certificate that it conforms to the rules in this section applicable to the tan2. he

certificate must be in the form set forth in either of the following=

6i7 ;f a tan2 conforms to all rules in this section pertaining to sidemounted fuel tan2s= ?#eets all F#- sidemounted tan2 re0uirements.@

6ii7 ;f a tan2 conforms to all rules in this section pertaining to tan2s which are not side

mounted fuel tan2s= ?#eets all F#- re0uirements for nonsidemounted fuel tan2s.@

6iii7 he form of certificate specified in paragraph 6f7637 6i7 or 6ii7 of this section may be used

on a li0uid fuel tan2 manufactured before 'uly 11, 1$"3, but it is not mandatory for li0uid

fuel tan2s manufactured before #arch ", 1$$. he form of certification manufactured on or

before #arch ", 1$$, must meet the re0uirements in effect at the time of manufacture.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6&7 EHception. he following previously eHempted vehicles are not re0uired to carry the

certification and mar2ing specified in paragraphs 6f7617 through 637 of this section=

6i7 Ford vehicles with J:IR over 1!,!!! pounds identified as follows= he vehicle

identification numbers 6:;/s7 contain , S, K, #, /, I, or T in the fourth position.

6ii7 J# J:ans 6hevrolet EHpress and J# -avanna7 and fullsi4ed S truc2s 6hevrolet

-ilverado and J# -ierra7 with J:IR over 1!,!!! pounds identified as follows= he :;/scontain either a ?'@ or a ?S@ in the fourth position. ;n addition, the seventh position of the

:;/s on the J:an will contain a ?1.@

Citation: [3% FR 15&&5, ug. 1&, 1$"1, as amended at 3" FR &3&1, #ar. (, 1$"(> 3" FR

("53, ec. ($, 1$"(> &5 FR &%&(&, 'uly 1!, 1$!> 53 FR &$&!!, ec. ", 1$> 5$ FR

"53, Feb. (3, 1$$&> %$ FR 313!5, 'une 3, (!!&> "! FR &!53, ug. 15, (!!5> " FR

5&&, -ept. (&, (!13)

Guidance

Question 1: #a$ a properl$ !ented fuel cap be used on a fuel tan< euipped /ith

another fuel !enting s$ste,(

Guidance: Nes 6see B3$3.37.

Question 2: *o the "ederal #otor Carrier Safet$ %egulations &"#CS%s' specif$ a

particular pressure relief s$ste,(

Guidance: /o, but the performance standards of B3$3.%"6d7 must be met.

Question 3: hat standards under the "ederal #otor Carrier Safet$ %egulations

&"#CS%s' ,ust be ,et /hen a liuid fuel tan< is repaired or replaced(

Guidance: replacementrepaired tan2 must meet the applicable standards in B3$3.%".

§ 393.5: Co,pressed natural gas fuel containers.

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section apply to compressed natural gas 6/J7 fuelcontainers used for supplying fuel for the operation of commercial motor vehicles or for the

operation of auHiliary e0uipment installed on, or used in connection with commercial motor

vehicles.

6b7 /J containers manufactured on or after #arch (%, 1$$5. ny motor vehicle

manufactured on or after #arch (%, 1$$5, and e0uipped with a /J fuel tan2 must meet

the /J container re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 3!& 6&$ FR 5"1.3!&7 in effect at the time of

manufacture of the vehicle.









7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6c7 Kabeling. Each /J fuel container shall be permanently labeled in accordance with the

re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 3!&, -".&.

Citation: ["! FR &!53, ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 393.59: Diuefied petroleu, gas s$ste,s.

6a7 fuel system that uses li0uefied petroleum gas as a fuel for the operation of a motor

vehicle or for the operation of auHiliary e0uipment installed on, or used in connection with, a

motor vehicle must conform to the ?-tandards for the -torage and +andling of Ki0uefied

Aetroleum Jases@ of the /ational Fire Arotection ssociation, Dattery #arch Aar2, Uuincy,

# !((%$, as follows=

617 fuel system installed before ecember 31, 1$%(, must conform to the 1$51 edition of

the -tandards.

6(7 fuel system installed on or after ecember 31, 1$%(, and before 'anuary 1, 1$"3,

must conform to ivision ;: of the 'une 1$5$ edition of the -tandards.

637 fuel system installed on or after 'anuary 1, 1$"3, and providing fuel for propulsion of

the motor vehicle must conform to ivision ;: of the 1$%$ edition of the -tandards.

6&7 fuel system installed on or after 'anuary 1, 1$"3, and providing fuel for the operation

of auHiliary e0uipment must conform to ivision :;; of the 1$%$ edition of the -tandards.

6b7 Ihen the rules in this section re0uire a fuel system to conform to a specific edition of

the -tandards, the fuel system may conform to the applicable provisions in a later edition of

the -tandards specified in this section.

6c7 he tan2 of a fuel system must be mar2ed to indicate that the system conforms to the

-tandards.

Citation: [3% FR 15&&5, ug. 1&, 1$"1, as amended at 3" FR &3&(, #ar. (, 1$"(> &1 FR

53!31, ec. 3, 1$"%> 53 FR &$&!!, ec. ", 1$)

§ 393.7: Coupling de!ices and to/ing ,ethods e@cept fordri!ea/a$to/a/a$ operations.

Section

6a7 rac2ing. Ihen two or more vehicles are operated in combination, the coupling devices

connecting the vehicles shall be designed, constructed, and installed, and the vehicles shall

be designed and constructed, so that when the combination is operated in a straight line on

a level, smooth, paved surface, the path of the towed vehicle will not deviate more than 3



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


inches to either side of the path of the vehicle that tows it.

6b7 Fifth wheel assembliesC617 #ountingC6i7 Kower half. he lower half of a fifth wheel

mounted on a truc2 tractor or converter dolly must be secured to the frame of that vehicle

with properly designed brac2ets, mounting plates or angles and properly tightened bolts of

ade0uate si4e and grade, or devices that provide e0uivalent security. he installation shall

not cause crac2ing, warping, or deformation of the frame. he installation must include adevice for positively preventing the lower half of the fifth wheel from shifting on the frame

to which it is attached.

6ii7 8pper half. he upper half of a fifth wheel must be fastened to the motor vehicle with at

least the same security re0uired for the installation of the lower half on a truc2 tractor or

converter dolly.

6(7 Koc2ing. Every fifth wheel assembly must have a loc2ing mechanism. he loc2ing

mechanism, and any adapter used in con*unction with it, must prevent separation of the

upper and lower halves of the fifth wheel assembly unless a positive manual release is

activated. he release may be located so that the driver can operate it from the cab. ;f a

motor vehicle has a fifth wheel designed and constructed to be readily separable, the fifthwheel loc2ing devices shall apply automatically on coupling.

637 Kocation. he lower half of a fifth wheel shall be located so that, regardless of the

condition of loading, the relationship between the 2ingpin and the rear aHle or aHles of the

towing motor vehicle will properly distribute the gross weight of both the towed and towing

vehicles on the aHles of those vehicles, will not unduly interfere with the steering, bra2ing,

and other maneuvering of the towing vehicle, and will not otherwise contribute to unsafe

operation of the vehicles comprising the combination. he upper half of a fifth wheel shall be

located so that the weight of the vehicles is properly distributed on their aHles and the

combination of vehicles will operate safely during normal operation.

6c7 owing of full trailers. full trailer must be e0uipped with a towbar and a means of

attaching the towbar to the towing and towed vehicles. he towbar and the means of

attaching it mustC

617 De structurally ade0uate for the weight being drawn>

6(7 De properly and securely mounted>

637 Arovide for ade0uate articulation at the connection without eHcessive slac2 at that

location> and

6&7 De provided with a loc2ing device that prevents accidental separation of the towed and

towing vehicles. he mounting of the trailer hitch 6pintle hoo2 or e0uivalent mechanism7 on

the towing vehicle must include reinforcement or bracing of the frame sufficient to produce

strength and rigidity of the frame to prevent its undue distortion.

6d7 -afety devices in case of towbar failure or disconnection. Every full trailer and everyconverter dolly used to convert a semitrailer to a full trailer must be coupled to the frame,

or an eHtension of the frame, of the motor vehicle which tows it with one or more safety

devices to prevent the towed vehicle from brea2ing loose in the event the towbar fails or

becomes disconnected. he safety device must meet the following re0uirements=

617 he safety device must not be attached to the pintle hoo2 or any other device on the

towing vehicle to which the towbar is attached. +owever, if the pintle hoo2 or other device

was manufactured prior to 'uly 1, 1$"3, the safety device may be attached to the towing

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


vehicle at a place on a pintle hoo2 forging or casting if that place is independent of the

pintle hoo2.

6(7 he safety device must have no more slac2 than is necessary to permit the vehicles to

be turned properly.

637 he safety device, and the means of attaching it to the vehicles, must have an ultimate

strength of not less than the gross weight of the vehicle or vehicles being towed.6&7 he safety device must be connected to the towed and towing vehicles and to the tow

bar in a manner which prevents the towbar from dropping to the ground in the event it fails

or becomes disconnected.

657 EHcept as provided in paragraph 6d76%7 of this section, if the safety device consists of

safety chains or cables, the towed vehicle must be e0uipped with either two safety chains or

cables or with a bridle arrangement of a single chain or cable attached to its frame or aHle

at two points as far apart as the configuration of the frame or aHle permits. he safety

chains or cables shall be either two separate pieces, each e0uipped with a hoo2 or other

means for attachment to the towing vehicle, or a single piece leading along each side of the

towbar from the two points of attachment on the towed vehicle and arranged into a bridlewith a single means of attachment to be connected to the towing vehicle. Ihen a single

length of cable is used, a thimble and twinbase cable clamps shall be used to form the

forward bridle eye. he hoo2 or other means of attachment to the towing vehicle shall be

secured to the chains or cables in a fiHed position.

6%7 ;f the towed vehicle is a converter dolly with a solid tongue and without a hinged tow

bar or other swivel between the fifth wheel mounting and the attachment point of the

tongue eye or other hitch deviceC

6i7 -afety chains or cables, when used as the safety device for that vehicle, may consist of

either two chains or cables or a single chain or cable used alone>

6ii7 single safety device, including a single chain or cable used alone as the safety device,

must be in line with the centerline of the trailer tongue> and

6iii7 he device may be attached to the converter dolly at any point to the rear of the

attachment point of the tongue eye or other hitch device.

6"7 -afety devices other than safety chains or cables must provide strength, security of

attachment, and directional stability e0ual to, or greater than, safety chains or cables

installed in accordance with paragraphs 6d7 657 and 6%7 of this section.

676i7 Ihen two safety devices, including two safety chains or cables, are used and are

attached to the towing vehicle at separate points, the points of attachment on the towing

vehicle shall be located e0ually distant from, and on opposite sides of, the longitudinal

centerline of the towing vehicle.

6ii7 Ihere two chains or cables are attached to the same point on the towing vehicle, andwhere a bridle or a single chain or cable is used, the point of attachment must be on the

longitudinal centerline or within 15( mm 6% inches7 to the right of the longitudinal centerline

of the towing vehicle.

6iii7 single safety device, other than a chain or cable, must also be attached to the towing

vehicle at a point on the longitudinal centerline or within 15( mm 6% inches7 to the right of

the longitudinal centerline of the towing vehicle.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Citation: [3" FR (1&3$, <ct. 11, 1$"(, as amended at "! FR &!53, ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: Is there a ,ini,u, nu,ber of fasteners reuired to fasten the upperfifth /heel plate to the fra,e of a trailer(

Guidance: he Federal #otor arrier -afety Regulations 6F#-Rs7 do not specify a

minimum number of fasteners. +owever, the industry recommends that a minimum of

ten 5 inch bolts be used. ;f V inch bolts are used, the industry recommends at least 1&

bolts. he ommercial :ehicle -afety lliance 6:-7 has adopted these industry standards

as a part of its vehicle outofservice criteria.

Question 2: hen t/o safet$ chains are used ,ust the ulti,ate co,bined

brea<ing strength of each chain be eual to the gross /eight of the to/ed!ehicle&s' or /ould the reuire,ents be ,et if the co,bined brea<ing strength of

the t/o chains is eual to the gross /eight of the to/ed !ehicle&s'(

Guidance: ;f the ultimate combined brea2ing strength of the two chains is e0ual to the

gross weight of the towed vehicle6s7, the re0uirements of B3$3."!6d7 are satisfied. ;t should

be noted that some -tates may have more stringent re0uirements for safety chains.

Question 3: §393.7&d' reuires that e!er$ full trailer ,ust be coupled to the

fra,e or an e@tension of the fra,e of the ,otor !ehicle /hich to/s it /ith one or

,ore safet$ de!ices to pre!ent the to/ed !ehicle fro, brea<ing loose in the e!entthe to/bar fails or beco,es disconnected. he safet$ de!ice ,ust be connected

to the to/ed and to/ing !ehicles and to the to/bar in a ,anner /hich pre!ents

the to/bar fro, dropping to the ground in the e!ent it fails or beco,es

disconnected. ould the use of a pair of safet$ chains0cables bet/een the to/ing

!ehicle and the front of a fi@edlength dra/ bar or an e@tendible dra/ bar /ith a

separate pair of safet$ chains0cables bet/een the end of the dra/ bar and the

front of the to/ed !ehicle ,eet the reuire,ents of §393.7&d'(

Guidance:

Jenerally, separate safety devices at the front and rear of the draw bar could be used to

satisfy the re0uirements of B3$3."!6d7 provided the safety devices are attached to the

drawbar and the vehicles in a manner that prevents the drawbar from dropping to the

ground in the event that it fails or becomes disconnected. lso, the arrangement of the

safety device6s7 must be such that the vehicles will not separate if the draw bar fails or

becomes disconnected.











7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


;f the drawbar design is such that bolts, connecting pins, etc., are used to connect structural

members of the drawbar, and are located at or near the midpoint of the drawbar 6beyond

the attachment points for the safety chain at the ends of the draw bar7 the safety devices

would have to eHtend from either the frame of the towed or towing vehicle to a point

beyond the bolts, connecting pins or similar devices.

;n the case of an eHtendible draw bar or reach, if a separate safety device6s7 is used for the

front and rear of the drawbar, a means must be provided to ensure that the draw bar will

not separate at the movable portion of the drawbar. he use of welded tube stops would

satisfy the intent of B3$3."!6d7 if the ultimate strength of the welds eHceeds the impact

forces associated with the drawbar eHtending suddenly with a fully loaded trailer attached.

§ 393.71: Coupling de!ices and to/ing ,ethodsdri!ea/a$to/a/a$ operations.

Section

6a7 /umber in combination. 617 /o more than three saddlemounts may be used in any

combination.

6(7 /o more than one towbar or ballandsoc2et type coupling device may be used in any

combination.

637 Ihen motor vehicles are towed by means of triple saddlemounts, all but the final

towed vehicle must have bra2es acting on all wheels in contact with the roadway.6b7 arrying vehicles on towing vehicle. 617 Ihen ade0uately and securely attached by

means e0uivalent in security to that provided in paragraph 6*76(7 of this section, a motor

vehicle or motor vehicles may be fullmounted on the structure of a towing vehicle engaged

in any driveawaytowaway operation.

6(7 /o motor vehicle or motor vehicles may be fullmounted on a towing vehicle unless the

relationship of such fullmounted vehicles to the rear aHle or aHles results in proper

distribution of the total gross weight of the vehicles and does not unduly interfere with the

steering, bra2ing, or maneuvering of the towing vehicle, or otherwise contribute to the

unsafe operation of the vehicles comprising the combination.

637 -addlemounted vehicles must be arranged such that the gross weight of the vehicles is

properly distributed to prevent undue interference with the steering, bra2ing, or

maneuvering of the combination of vehicles.

6c7 arrying vehicles on towed vehicles. 617 Ihen ade0uately and securely attached by

means e0uivalent in security to that provided in paragraph 6*76(7 of this section, a motor

vehicle or motor vehicles may be fullmounted on the structure of towed vehicles engaged

in any driveawaytowaway operation.

6(7 /o motor vehicle shall be fullmounted on a motor vehicle towed by means of a towbar





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


unless the towed vehicle is e0uipped with bra2es and is provided with means for effective

application of bra2es acting on all wheels and is towed on its own wheels.

637 /o motor vehicle or motor vehicles shall be fullmounted on a motor vehicle towed by

means of a saddlemount unless the center line of the 2ingpin or e0uivalent means of

attachment of such towed vehicle shall be so located on the towing vehicle that the

relationship to the rear aHle or aHles results in proper distribution of the total gross weightof the vehicles and does not unduly interfere with the steering, bra2ing, or maneuvering of

the towing vehicle or otherwise contribute to the unsafe operation of vehicles comprising the

combination> and unless a perpendicular to the ground from the center of gravity of the full

mounted vehicles lies forward of the center line of the rear aHle of the saddlemounted

vehicle.

6&7 ;f a motor vehicle towed by means of a saddlemount has any vehicle fullmounted on

it, the saddlemounted vehicle must at all times while so loaded have effective bra2es acting

on all wheels in contact with the roadway.

6d7 Dumper towbars on heavy vehicles prohibited. owbars of the type which depend upon

the bumpers as a means of transmitting forces between the vehicles shall not be used totow a motor vehicle weighing more than 5,!!! pounds.

6e7 Front wheels of saddlemounted vehicles restrained. motor vehicle towed by means of

a saddlemount shall have the motion of the front wheels restrained if under any condition

of turning of such wheels they will pro*ect beyond the widest part of either the towed or

towing vehicle.

6f7 :ehicles to be towed in forward position. 8nless the steering mechanism is ade0uately

loc2ed in a straightforward position, all motor vehicles towed by means of a saddlemount

shall be towed with the front end mounted on the towing vehicle.

6g7 #eans re0uired for towing. /o motor vehicles or combination of motor vehicles shall be

towed in driveawaytowaway operations by means other than a towbar, ballandsoc2et

type coupling device, saddlemount connections which meet the re0uirements of this

section, or in the case of a semitrailer e0uipped with an upper coupler assembly, a fifth

wheel meeting the re0uirements of B 3$3."!.

6h7 Re0uirements for towbars. owbars shall comply with the following re0uirements=

617 owbars, structural ade0uacy and mounting. Every towbar shall be structurally

ade0uate and properly installed and maintained. o insure that it is structurally ade0uate, it

must, at least, meet the re0uirements of the following table=

6(7 owbars, *ointed. he towbar shall be so constructed as to freely permit motion in both

hori4ontal and vertical planes between the towed and towing vehicles. he means used to

provide the motion shall be such as to prohibit the transmission of stresses under normal

operation between the towed and towing vehicles, eHcept along the longitudinal aHis of thetongue or tongues.

637 owbar fastenings. he means used to transmit the stresses to the chassis or frames of

the towed and towing vehicles may be either temporary structures or bumpers or other

integral parts of the vehicles= Arovided, however, hat the means used shall be so

constructed, installed, and maintained that when tested as an assembly, failure in such

members shall not occur when the wea2est new towbar which is permissible under

paragraph 6h7617 of this section is sub*ected to the tests given therein.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6&7 #eans of ad*usting length. <n towbars, ad*ustable as to length, the means used to

ma2e such ad*ustment shall fit tightly and not result in any slac2ness or permit the towbar

to bend. Iith the towbar supported rigidly at both ends and with a load of 5! pounds at

the center, the sag, measured at the center, in any direction shall not eHceed !.(5 inch

under any condition of ad*ustment as to length.

657 #ethod of clamping. de0uate means shall be provided for securely fastening the towbar to the towed and towing vehicles.

6%7 owbar connection to steering mechanism. he towbar shall be provided with suitable

means of attachment to and actuation of the steering mechanism, if any, of the towed

vehicle. he attachment shall provide for sufficient angularity of movement of the front

wheels of the towed vehicle so that it may follow substantially in the path of the towing

vehicle without cramping the towbar. he towbar shall be provided with suitable *oints to

permit such movement.

6"7 rac2ing. he towbar shall be so designed, constructed, maintained, and mounted as to

cause the towed vehicle to follow substantially in the path of the towing vehicle. owbars of

such design or in such condition as to permit the towed vehicle to deviate more than 3inches to either side of the path of a towing vehicle moving in a straight line as measured

from the center of the towing vehicle are prohibited.

67 Aassenger cartrailer type couplings. railer couplings used for driveawaytowaway

operations of passenger car trailers shall conform to -ociety of utomotive Engineers

-tandard /o. '%&c, ?railer ouplings and +itchesCutomotive ype,@ 'uly 1$"!.

6$7 #ar2ing towbars. Every towbar ac0uired and used in driveawaytowaway operations by

a motor carrier shall be plainly mar2ed with the following certification of the manufacturer

thereof 6or words of e0uivalent meaning7=

61!7 -afety devices in case of towbar failure or disconnection. 6i7 he towed vehicle shall

be connected to the towing vehicle by a safety device to prevent the towed vehicle from

brea2ing loose in the event the towbar fails or becomes disconnected. Ihen safety chains

or cables are used as the safety device for that vehicle, at least two safety chains or cables

meeting the re0uirements of paragraph 6h761!76ii7 of this section shall be used. he tensile

strength of the safety device and the means of attachment to the vehicles shall be at least

e0uivalent to the corresponding longitudinal strength for towbars re0uired in the table of

paragraph 6h7617 of this section. ;f safety chains or cables are used as the safety device, the

re0uired strength shall be the combined strength of the combination of chains and cables.

6ii7 ;f chains or cables are used as the safety device, they shall be crossed and attached to

the vehicles near the points of bumper attachments to the chassis of the vehicles. he

length of chain used shall be no more than necessary to permit free turning of the vehicles.

he chains shall be attached to the towbar at the point of crossing or as close to that pointas is practicable.

6iii7 safety device other than safety chains or cables must provide strength, security of

attachment, and directional stability e0ual to, or greater than, that provided by safety

chains or cables installed in accordance with paragraph 6h761!76ii7 of this section. safety

device other than safety chains or cables must be designed, constructed, and installed so

that, if the towbar fails or becomes disconnected, the towbar will not drop to the ground.

6i7 [Reserved)

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6*7 Re0uirements for upperhalf of saddlemounts. he upperhalf of any saddlemount shall

comply with the following re0uirements=

617 8pperhalf connection to towed vehicle. he upperhalf shall be securely attached to the

frame or aHle of the towed vehicle by means of 8bolts or other means providing at least

e0uivalent security.

6(7 8bolts or other attachments. 8bolts used to attach the upper half to the towed vehicleshall be made of steel rod, free of defects, so shaped as to avoid at any point a radius of

less than 1 inch= Arovided, however, hat a lesser radius may be utili4ed if the 8bolt is so

fabricated as not to cause more than 5 percent reduction in crosssectional area at points of

curvature, in which latter event the minimum radius shall be onesiHteenth inch. 8bolts

shall have a diameter not less than re0uired by the following table=

637 8bolts and points of support, location. he distance between the most widely separated

8bolts shall not be less than $ inches. he distance between the widely separated points

where the upperhalf supports the towed vehicle shall not be less than $ inches, eHcept that

saddlemounts employing ball and soc2et *oints shall employ a device which clamps the aHle

of the towed vehicle throughout a length of not less than 5 inches.6&7 radletype upperhalves, specifications. 8pperhalves of the cradletype using vertical

members to restrain the towed vehicle from relative movement in the direction of motion of

the vehicles shall be substantially constructed and ade0uate for the purpose. -uch cradle

mounts shall be e0uipped with at least one bolt or e0uivalent means to provide against

relative vertical movement between the upperhalf and the towed vehicle. Dolts, if used,

shall be at least onehalf inch in diameter. evices using e0uivalent means shall have at

least e0uivalent strength. he means used to provide against relative vertical motion

between the upperhalf and the towed vehicle shall be such as not to permit a relative

motion of over onehalf inch. he distance between the most widely separated points of

support between the upperhalf and the towed vehicle shall be at least $ inches.

657 Kateral movement of towed vehicle. 6i7 owed vehicles having a straight aHle or an aHle

having a drop of less than 3 inches, unless the saddlemount is constructed in accordance

with paragraph 6m76(7 of this section, shall be securely fastened by means of chains or

cables to the upperhalf so as to insure against relative lateral motion between the towed

vehicle and the upperhalf. he chains or cables shall be at least inch diameter and secured

by bolts of at least e0ual diameter.

6ii7 owed vehicles with an aHle with a drop of 3 inches or more, or connected by a saddle

mount constructed in accordance with paragraph 6m76(7 of this section, need not be

restrained by chains or cables provided that the upperhalf is so designed as to provide

against such relative motion.

6iii7 hains or cables shall not be re0uired if the upperhalf is so designed as positively toprovide against lateral movement of the aHle.

627 Re0uirements for lower half of saddlemounts. he lower half of any saddlemount shall

comply with the following re0uirements=

617 8bolts or other attachments. 8bolts used to attach the lower half to the towing vehicle

shall be made of steel rod, free of defects, so shaped as to avoid at any point a radius of

less than 1 inch= Arovided, however, hat a lesser radius may be utili4ed if the 8bolt is so

fabricated as not to cause more than 5 percent reduction in crosssectional area at points of

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


curvature, in which latter event the minimum radius shall be onesiHteenth inch. 8bolts

shall have a total crosssectional area not less than as re0uired by the following table=

6(7 -hifting. de0uate provision shall be made by design and installation to provide against

relative movement between the lowerhalf and the towing vehicle especially during periods

of rapid acceleration and deceleration. o insure against shifting, designs of the tripod type

shall be e0uipped with ade0uate and securely fastened holdbac2 chains or similar devices.637 -waying. 6i7 de0uate provision shall be made by design and installation to provide

against swaying or lateral movement of the towed vehicle relative to the towing vehicle. o

insure against swaying, lowerhalves designed with crossmembers attached to but

separable from vertical members shall have such crossmembers fastened to the vertical

members by at least two bolts on each side. -uch bolts shall be of at least e0uivalent cross

sectional area as those re0uired for 8bolts for the corresponding saddlemount as given in

the table in paragraph 627617 of this section. he minimum distance between the most

widely separated points of support of the crossmember by the vertical member shall be

three inches as measured in a direction parallel to the longitudinal aHis of the towing

vehicle.6ii7 he lowerhalf shall have a bearing surface on the frame of the towing vehicle of such

dimensions that the pressure eHerted by the lowerhalf upon the frame of the towing vehicle

shall not eHceed (!! pounds per s0uare inch under any conditions of static loading.

+ardwood bloc2s or bloc2s of other suitable material, such as hard rubber, aluminum or

bra2elining, if used between the lower half and the frame of the towing vehicle shall be at

least inch thic2, 3 inches wide, and a combined length of % inches.

6iii7 8nder no condition shall the highest point of support of the towed vehicle by the upper

half be more than (& inches, measured vertically, above the top of the frame of the towing

vehicle, measured at the point where the lowerhalf rests on the towing vehicle.

6&7 Iood bloc2s. 6i7 +ardwood bloc2s of good 0uality may be used to build up the height of

the front end of the towed vehicle, provided that the total height of such wood bloc2s shall

not eHceed inches and not over two separate pieces are placed upon each other to obtain

such height> however, hardwood bloc2s, not over & in number, to a total height not to

eHceed 1& inches, may be used if the total crosssectional area of the 8bolts used to attach

the lowerhalf of the towing vehicle is at least 5! percent greater than that re0uired by the

table contained in paragraph 627617 of this section, or, if other devices are used in lieu of 8

bolts, they shall provide for as great a resistance to bending as is provided by the larger 8

bolts above prescribed.

6ii7 +ardwood bloc2s must be at least & inches in width and the surfaces between bloc2s or

bloc2 and lowerhalf or bloc2 and upperhalf shall be planed and so installed and maintained

as to minimi4e any tendency of the towed vehicle to sway or roc2.657 rossmember, general re0uirements. he crossmember, which is that part of the

lowerhalf used to distribute the weight of the towed vehicle e0ually to each member of the

frame of the towing vehicle, if used, shall be structurally ade0uate and properly installed

and maintained ade0uately to perform this function.

6%7 rossmember, use of wood. /o materials, other than suitable metals, shall be used as

the crossmember, and wood may not be used structurally in any manner that will result in

its being sub*ect to tensile stresses. Iood may be used in crossmembers if supported

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


throughout its length by suitable metal crossmembers.

6"7 Kower half strength. he lower half shall be capable of supporting the loads given in the

following table. For the purpose of test, the saddlemount shall be mounted as normally

operated and the load applied through the upper half=

6l7 Re0uirements for 2ingpins of saddlemounts. he 2ingpin of any saddlemount shall

comply with the following re0uirements=617 Singpin si4e. 6i7 Singpins shall be constructed of steel suitable for the purpose, free of

defects, and having a diameter not less than re0uired by the following table=

6ii7 ;f a ball and soc2et *oint is used in place of a 2ingpin, the diameter of the nec2 of the

ball shall be at least e0ual to the diameter of the corresponding solid 2ingpin given in the

above table. ;f hollow 2ingpins are used, the metallic crosssectional area shall be at least

e0ual to the crosssectional area of the corresponding solid 2ingpin.

6(7 Singpin fit. ;f a 2ingpin bushing is not used, the 2ingpin shall fit snugly into the upper

and lowerhalves but shall not bind. hose portions of the upper or lowerhalves in moving

contact with the 2ingpin shall be smoothly machined with no rough or sharp edges. he

bearing surface thus provided shall not be less in depth than the radius of the 2ingpin.637 Singpin bushing on saddlemounts. he 2ingpin of all new saddlemounts ac0uired and

used shall be snugly enclosed in a bushing at least along such length of the 2ingpin as may

be in moving contact with either the upper or lowerhalves. he bearing surface thus

provided shall not be less in depth than the radius of the 2ingpin.

6&7 Singpin to restrain vertical motion. he 2ingpin shall be so designed and installed as to

restrain the upperhalf from moving in a vertical direction relative to the lowerhalf.

6m7 dditional re0uirements for saddlemounts. -addlemounts shall comply with the

following re0uirements=

617 Dearing surface between upper and lowerhalves. he upper and lowerhalves shall be

so constructed and connected that the bearing surface between the two halves shall not be

less than 1% s0uare inches under any conditions of angularity between the towing and

towed vehicles= Arovided, however, hat saddlemounts using a ball and soc2et *oint shall

have a ball of such dimension that the static bearing load shall not eHceed !! pounds per

s0uare inch, based on the pro*ected crosssectional area of the ball= nd further provided,

hat saddlemounts having the upperhalf supported by ball, taper, or rollerbearings shall

not have such bearings loaded beyond the limits prescribed for such bearings by the

manufacturer thereof. he upperhalf shall rest evenly and smoothly upon the lowerhalf

and the contact surfaces shall be lubricated and maintained so that there shall be a

minimum of frictional resistance between the parts.

6(7 -addlemounts, angularity. ll saddlemounts ac0uired and used shall provide for

angularity between the towing and towed vehicles due to vertical curvatures of the highway.-uch means shall not depend upon either the looseness or deformation of the parts of either

the saddlemount or the vehicles to provide for such angularity.

637 rac2ing. he saddlemount shall be so designed, constructed, maintained, and installed

that the towed vehicle or vehicles will follow substantially in the path of the towing vehicle

without swerving. owed vehicles shall not deviate more than 3 inches to either side of the

path of the towing vehicle when moving in a straight line.

6&7 Arevention of frame bending. Ihere necessary, provision shall be made to prevent the

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


bending of the frame of the towing vehicle by insertion of suitable bloc2s inside the frame

channel to prevent 2in2ing. he saddlemount shall not be so located as to cause

deformation of the frame by reason of cantilever action.

657 EHtension of frame. /o saddlemount shall be located at a point to the rear of the frame

of a towing vehicle.

6%7 /uts, secured. ll nuts used on bolts, 8bolts, 2ingpins, or in any other part of thesaddlemount shall be secured against accidental disconnection by means of cotter2eys,

loc2washers, double nuts, safety nuts, or e0uivalent means. Aarts shall be so designed and

installed that nuts shall be fully engaged.

6"7 ;nspection of all parts. he saddlemount shall be so designed that it may be

disassembled and each separate part inspected for worn, bent, crac2ed, bro2en, or missing

parts.

67 -addlemounts, mar2ing. Every new saddlemount ac0uired and used in driveaway

towaway operations by a motor carrier shall have the upperhalf and the lowerhalf

separately mar2ed with the following certification of the manufacturer thereof 6or words of

e0uivalent meaning7.6n7 Re0uirements for devices used to connect motor vehicles or parts of motor vehicles

together to form one vehicleC617 Front aHle attachment. he front aHle of one motor vehicle

intended to be coupled with another vehicle as defined in paragraph 6g76(76ii7 of this section

shall be attached with 8bolts meeting the re0uirements of paragraph 6*76(7 of this section.

6(7 Rear aHle attachment. he rear aHle of one vehicle shall be coupled to the frame of the

other vehicle by means of a connecting device which when in place forms a rectangle. he

device shall be composed of two pieces, top and bottom. he device shall be made of &inch

by inch steel bar bent to shape and shall have the corners reinforced with a plate at least 3

inches by inch by inches long. he device shall be bolted together with inch bolts and at

least three shall be used on each side. Iood may be used as spacers to 2eep the frames

apart and it shall be at least & inches s0uare.

Citation: [33 FR 1$"35, ec. (5, 1$%, as amended at 35 FR 1!$!", 'uly ", 1$"!> 3" FR

(1&&!, <ct. 11, 1$"(> 53 FR &$&!!, ec. ", 1$> "! FR &!5&, ug. 15, (!!5> "% FR

5%3((, -ept. 13, (!11> " FR 5&&, -ept. (&, (!13)

Guidance

Question 1: #a$ a fifth /heel be considered as a coupling de!ice /hen to/ing a

se,itrailer in a dri!ea/a$to/a/a$ operation(

Guidance: Nes. B3$3."16g7 re0uires the use of a towbar or a saddlemount. -ince a

saddlemount performs the function of a conventional fifth wheel, the use of a fifth wheel is

consistent with the re0uirements of this section.





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


§ 393.7+: ires.

Section

6a7 /o motor vehicle shall be operated on any tire thatC

617 +as body ply or belt material eHposed through the tread or sidewall,

6(7 +as any tread or sidewall separation,

637 ;s flat or has an audible lea2, or

6&7 +as a cut to the eHtent that the ply or belt material is eHposed.

6b7 ny tire on the front wheels of a bus, truc2, or truc2 tractor shall have a tread groove

pattern depth of at least 5 K (2 of an inch when measured at any point on a ma*or tread groove.

he measurements shall not be made where tie bars, humps, or fillets are located.

6c7 EHcept as provided in paragraph 6b7 of this section, tires shall have a tread groove

pattern depth of at least 2 K (2 of an inch when measured in a ma*or tread groove. he

measurement shall not be made where tie bars, humps or fillets are located.

6d7 /o bus shall be operated with regrooved, recapped or retreaded tires on the front

wheels.

6e7 regrooved tire with a loadcarrying capacity e0ual to or greater than (,(3( 2g 6&,$(!

pounds7 shall not be used on the front wheels of any truc2 or truc2 tractor.

6f7 ire loading restrictions 6eHcept on manufactured homes7. /o motor vehicle 6eHcept

manufactured homes, which are governed by paragraph 6g7 of this section7 shall be

operated with tires that carry a weight greater than that mar2ed on the sidewall of the tire

or, in the absence of such a mar2ing, a weight greater than that specified for the tires in anyof the publications of any of the organi4ations listed in Federal #otor :ehicle -afety

-tandard /o. 11$ 6&$ FR 5"1.11$, -5.16b77 unless=

617 he vehicle is being operated under the terms of a special permit issued by the -tate>

and

6(7 he vehicle is being operated at a reduced speed to compensate for the tire loading in

eHcess of the manufacturers rated capacity for the tire. ;n no case shall the speed eHceed

! 2mhr 65! mph7.

6g7617 ire loading restrictions for manufactured homes built before 'anuary 1, (!!(.

#anufactured homes that are labeled pursuant to (& FR 3((.3%(6c76(76i7 before 'anuary

1, (!!(, must not be transported on tires that are loaded more than 1 percent over the

load rating mar2ed on the sidewall of the tire or, in the absence of such a mar2ing, more

than 1 percent over the load rating specified in any of the publications of any of the

organi4ations listed in F#:-- /o. 11$ 6&$ FR 5"1.11$, -5.16b77. #anufactured homes

labeled before 'anuary 1, (!!(, transported on tires overloaded by $ percent or more must

not be operated at speeds eHceeding ! 2mhr 65! mph7.

6(7 ire loading restrictions for manufactured homes built on or after 'anuary 1, (!!(.

#anufactured homes that are labeled pursuant to (& FR 3((.3%(6c76(76i7 on or after



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


'anuary 1, (!!(, must not be transported on tires loaded beyond the load rating mar2ed on

the sidewall of the tire or, in the absence of such a mar2ing, the load rating specified in any

of the publications of any of the organi4ations listed in F#:-- /o. 11$ 6&$ FR 5"1.11$,

-5.16b77.

6h7 ire inflation pressure. 617 /o motor vehicle shall be operated on a tire which has a cold

inflation pressure less than that specified for the load being carried.6(7 ;f the inflation pressure of the tire has been increased by heat because of the recent

operation of the vehicle, the cold inflation pressure shall be estimated by subtracting the

inflation buildup factor shown in able 1 from the measured inflation pressure.

Citation:

[3& FR $3&&, 'une 13, 1$%$, as amended at &! FR &&55", -ept. ($, 1$"5> &1 FR 3%%5",

ug. 31, 1$"%> && FR (5&55, #ay 1, 1$"$> && FR &"$3, ug. 1%, 1$"$> 53 FR 1!5", #ay

1$, 1$> 53 FR &$&!1, ec. ", 1$> %3 FR 33$, Feb. 1, 1$$> %5 FR "!((!, /ov. (1,

(!!!> %% FR %"%$&, ec. 31, (!!1> "! FR &!5&, ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: If a Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle &C#=' has a defecti!e tire ,a$ the

dri!er re,o!e the defecti!e tire fro, the a@le and dri!e /ith three tires on an a@le

instead of four(

Guidance: Nes, provided the weight on all of the remaining tires does not eHceed the

maHimum allowed under B3$3."56f7.

Question 2: #a$ a Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle &C#=' be operated /ith tires that

carr$ a greater /eight than the /eight ,ar<ed on the side /all of the tires(

Guidance: Nes, but only if the ommercial #otor :ehicle 6#:7 is being operated under the

terms of a -tateissued special permit, and at a reduced speed that is appropriate to

compensate for tire loading in eHcess of the rated capacity.

Question 3: #a$ a !ehicle transport 6# /hen euipped /ith retreaded tires(

Guidance: Nes. he only ommercial #otor arrier 6#:7 that may not utili4e retreaded

tires is a bus, and then only on its front wheels.

Question ): #a$ tires be filled /ith ,aterials other than air &e.g. silicone

pol$urethane'(





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance: B3$3."5 does not prohibit the use of tires filled with material other than air.

+owever, B3$3.3may prohibit the use of such tires under certain circumstances. -ome

substances used in place of air in tires may not maintain a constant physical state at

different temperatures. Ihile these substances are solid at lower temperatures, the

increase in temperature from highway use may result in the substance changing from a

solid to a li0uid. he use of a substance which could undergo such a change in its physicalcharacteristics is not safe, and is not in compliance with B3$3.3.

§ 393.75: Sleeper berths.

Section

6a7 imensionsC617 -i4e. sleeper berth must be at least the following si4e=

6(7 -hape. sleeper berth installed on a motor vehicle on or after 'anuary 1, 1$53 must be

of generally rectangular shape, eHcept that the hori4ontal corners and the roof corners maybe rounded to radii not eHceeding 1! $ K 2 inches.

637 ccess. sleeper berth must be constructed so that an occupants ready entrance to,

and eHit from, the sleeper berth is not unduly hindered.

6b7 Kocation. 617 sleeper berth must not be installed in or on a semitrailer or a full trailer

other than a house trailer.

6(7 sleeper berth located within the cargo space of a motor vehicle must be securely

compartmentali4ed from the remainder of the cargo space. sleeper berth installed on or

after 'anuary 1, 1$53 must be located in the cab or immediately ad*acent to the cab and

must be securely fiHed with relation to the cab.

6c7 EHit from the berth. 617 EHcept as provided in paragraph 6c76(7 of this section, there

must be a direct and ready means of eHit from a sleeper berth into the drivers seat or

compartment. ;f the sleeper berth was installed on or after 'anuary 1, 1$%3, the eHit must

be a doorway or opening at least 1 inches high and 3% inches wide. ;f the sleeper berth

was installed before 'anuary 1, 1$%3, the eHit must have sufficient area to contain an ellipse

having a ma*or aHis of (& inches and a minor aHis of 1% inches.

6(7 sleeper berth installed before 'anuary 1, 1$53 must either=

6i7 onform to the re0uirements of paragraph 6c7617 of this section> or

6ii7 +ave at least two eHits, each of which is at least 1 inches high and (1 inches wide,

located at opposite ends of the vehicle and useable by the occupant without the assistance

of any other person.

6d7 ommunication with the driver. sleeper berth which is not located within the drivers

compartment and has no direct entrance into the drivers compartment must be e0uipped

with a means of communication between the occupant and the driver. he means of

communication may consist of a telephone, spea2er tube, bu44er, pull cord, or other

mechanical or electrical device.

6e7 E0uipment. sleeper berth must be properly e0uipped for sleeping. ;ts e0uipment must

include=









7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


617 de0uate bedclothing and blan2ets> and

6(7 Either=

6i7 -prings and a mattress> or

6ii7 n innerspring mattress> or

6iii7 cellular rubber or fleHible foam mattress at least four inches thic2> or

6iv7 mattress filled with a fluid and of sufficient thic2ness when filled to prevent ?bottomingout@ when occupied while the vehicle is in motion.

6f7 :entilation. sleeper berth must have louvers or other means of providing ade0uate

ventilation. sleeper berth must be reasonably tight against dust and rain.

6g7 Arotection against eHhaust and fuel lea2s and eHhaust heat. sleeper berth must be

located so that lea2s in the vehicles eHhaust system or fuel system do not permit fuel, fuel

system gases, or eHhaust gases to enter the sleeper berth. sleeper berth must be located

so that it will not be overheated or damaged by reason of its proHimity to the vehicles

eHhaust system.

6h7 <ccupant restraint. motor vehicle manufactured on or after 'uly 1, 1$"1, and

e0uipped with a sleeper berth must be e0uipped with a means of preventing e*ection of theoccupant of the sleeper berth during deceleration of the vehicle. he restraint system must

be designed, installed, and maintained to withstand a minimum total force of %,!!! pounds

applied toward the front of the vehicle and parallel to the longitudinal aHis of the vehicle.

Citation:

[3$ FR 1&"11, pr. (%, 1$"&> 3$ FR 1"(33, #ay 1&, 1$"&, as amended at 53 FR &$&!1,

ec. ", 1$)

Guidance

Question 1: If a co,part,ent in a Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle &C#=' is no longer

used as a sleeper berth ,ust it be ,aintained and euipped as a sleeper berth as

reuired in §393.75(

Guidance: /o.

§ 393.77: 6eaters.

<n every motor vehicle, every heater shall comply with the following re0uirements=

6a7 Arohibited types of heaters. he installation or use of the following types of heaters is

prohibited=

617 EHhaust heaters. ny type of eHhaust heater in which the engine eHhaust gases are

conducted into or through any space occupied by persons or any heater which conducts

engine compartment air into any such space.





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6(7 8nenclosed flame heaters. ny type of heater employing a flame which is not fully

enclosed, eHcept that such heaters are not prohibited when used for heating the cargo of

tan2 motor vehicles.

637 +eaters permitting fuel lea2age. ny type of heater from the burner of which there could

be spillage or lea2age of fuel upon the tilting or overturning of the vehicle in which it is

mounted.6&7 +eaters permitting air contamination. ny heater ta2ing air, heated or to be heated,

from the engine compartment or from direct contact with any portion of the eHhaust

system> or any heater ta2ing air in ducts from the outside atmosphere to be conveyed

through the engine compartment, unless said ducts are so constructed and installed as to

prevent contamination of the air so conveyed by eHhaust or engine compartment gases.

657 -olid fuel heaters eHcept wood charcoal. ny stove or other heater employing solid fuel

eHcept wood charcoal.

6%7 Aortable heaters. Aortable heaters shall not be used in any space occupied by persons

eHcept the cargo space of motor vehicles which are being loaded or unloaded.

6b7 +eater specifications. ll heaters shall comply with the following specifications=617 +eating elements, protection. Every heater shall be so located or protected as to

prevent contact therewith by occupants, unless the surface temperature of the protecting

grilles or of any eHposed portions of the heaters, inclusive of eHhaust stac2s, pipes, or

conduits shall be lower than would cause contact burns. de0uate protection shall be

afforded against igniting parts of the vehicle or burning occupants by direct radiation. Iood

charcoal heaters shall be enclosed within a metal barrel, drum, or similar protective

enclosure which enclosure shall be provided with a securely fastened cover.

6(7 #oving parts, guards. Effective guards shall be provided for the protection of passengers

or occupants against in*ury by fans, belts, or any other moving parts.

637 +eaters, secured. Every heater and every heater enclosure shall be securely fastened to

the vehicle in a substantial manner so as to provide against relative motion within the

vehicle during normal usage or in the event the vehicle overturns. Every heater shall be so

designed, constructed, and mounted as to minimi4e the li2elihood of disassembly of any of

its parts, including eHhaust stac2s, pipes, or conduits, upon overturn of the vehicle in or on

which it is mounted. Iood charcoal heaters shall be secured against relative motion within

the enclosure re0uired by paragraph 6c7617 of this section, and the enclosure shall be

securely fastened to the motor vehicle.

6&7 Relative motion between fuel tan2 and heater. Ihen either in normal operation or in the

event of overturn, there is or is li2ely to be relative motion between the fuel tan2 for a

heater and the heater, or between either of such units and the fuel lines between them, a

suitable means shall be provided at the point of greatest relative motion so as to allow thismotion without causing failure of the fuel lines.

657 <perating controls to be protected. <n every bus designed to transport more than 15

passengers, including the driver, means shall be provided to prevent unauthori4ed persons

from tampering with the operating controls. -uch means may include remote control by the

driver> installation of controls at inaccessible places> control of ad*ustments by 2ey or 2eys>

enclosure of controls in a loc2ed space, loc2ing of controls, or other means of accomplishing

this purpose.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6%7 +eater hoses. +oses for all hot water and steam heater systems shall be specifically

designed and constructed for that purpose.

6"7 Electrical apparatus. Every heater employing any electrical apparatus shall be e0uipped

with electrical conductors, switches, connectors, and other electrical parts of ample current

carrying capacity to provide against overheating> any electric motor employed in any heater

shall be of ade0uate si4e and so located that it will not be overheated> electrical circuitsshall be provided with fuses andor circuit brea2ers to provide against electrical overloading>

and all electrical conductors employed in or leading to any heater shall be secured against

dangling, chafing, and rubbing and shall have suitable protection against any other condition

li2ely to produce short or open circuits.

67 -torage battery caps. ;f a separate storage battery is located within the personnel or

cargo space, such battery shall be securely mounted and e0uipped with nonspill filler caps.

6$7 ombustion heater eHhaust construction. Every heater employing the combustion of oil,

gas, li0uefied petroleum gas, or any other combustible material shall be provided with

substantial means of conducting the products of combustion to the outside of the vehicle=

Arovided, however, hat this re0uirement shall not apply to heaters used solely to heat thecargo space of motor vehicles where such motor vehicles or heaters are e0uipped with

means specifically designed and maintained so that the carbon monoHide concentration will

never eHceed !.( percent in the cargo space. he eHhaust pipe, stac2, or conduit if re0uired

shall be sufficiently substantial and so secured as to provide reasonable assurance against

lea2age or discharge of products of combustion within the vehicle and, if necessary, shall be

so insulated as to ma2e unli2ely the burning or charring of parts of the vehicle by radiation

or by direct contact. he place of discharge of the products of combustion to the

atmosphere and the means of discharge of such products shall be such as to minimi4e the

li2elihood of their reentry into the vehicle under all operating conditions.

61!7 ombustion chamber construction. he design and construction of any combustion

type heater eHcept cargo space heaters permitted by the proviso of paragraph 6c76$7 of this

section and unenclosed flame heaters used for heating cargo of tan2 motor vehicles shall be

such as to provide against the lea2age of products of combustion into air to be heated and

circulated. he material employed in combustion chambers shall be such as to provide

against lea2age because of corrosion, oHidation, or other deterioration. 'oints between

combustion chambers and the air chambers with which they are in thermal and mechanical

contact shall be so designed and constructed as to prevent lea2age between the chambers

and the materials employed in such *oints shall have melting points substantially higher

than the maHimum temperatures li2ely to be attained at the points of *ointure.

6117 +eater fuel tan2 location. Every bus designed to transport more than 15 passengers,

including the driver, with heaters of the combustion type shall have fuel tan2s thereforlocated outside of and lower than the passenger space. Ihen necessary, suitable protection

shall be afforded by shielding or other means against the puncturing of any such tan2 or its

connections by flying stones or other ob*ects.

61(7 +eater, automatic fuel control. Jravity or siphon feed shall not be permitted for heaters

using li0uid fuels. +eaters using li0uid fuels shall be e0uipped with automatic means for

shutting off the fuel or for reducing such flow of fuel to the smallest practicable magnitude,

in the event of overturn of the vehicle. +eaters using li0uefied petroleum gas as fuel shall

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


have the fuel line e0uipped with automatic means at the source of supply for shutting off

the fuel in the event of separation, brea2age, or disconnection of any of the fuel lines

between the supply source and the heater.

6137 ?elltale@ indicators. +eaters sub*ect to paragraph 6b761&7 of this section and not

provided with automatic controls shall be provided with ?telltale@ means to indicate to the

driver that the heater is properly functioning. his re0uirement shall not apply to heatersused solely for the cargo space in semitrailers or full trailers.

61&7 -hutoff control. utomatic means, or manual means if the control is readily accessible

to the driver without moving from the drivers seat, shall be provided to shut off the fuel

and electrical supply in case of failure of the heater to function for any reason, or in case the

heater should function improperly or overheat. his re0uirement shall not apply to wood

charcoal heaters or to heaters used solely to heat the contents of cargo tan2 motor vehicles,

but wood charcoal heaters must be provided with a controlled method of regulating the flow

of combustion air.

6157 ertification re0uired. Every combustiontype heater, eHcept wood charcoal heaters,

the date of manufacture of which is subse0uent to ecember 31, 1$5(, and every woodcharcoal heater, the date of manufacture of which is subse0uent to -eptember 1, 1$53,

shall be mar2ed plainly to indicate the type of service for which such heater is designed and

with a certification by the manufacturer that the heater meets the applicable re0uirements

for such use. For eHample, ?#eets ;... Dus +eater Re0uirements,@ #eets ;... Flue

:ented argo -pace +eater Re0uirements,@ and after ecember 31, 1$%", such certification

shall read ?#eets F#- Dus +eater Re0uirements,@ ?#eets F#- Flue:ented argo

-pace +eater Re0uirements,@ etc.

6c7 EHception. he certification for a catalytic heater which is used in transporting flammable

li0uid or gas shall be as prescribed under B 1"".3&617 of this title.

Citation: [33 FR 1$"35, ec. (5, 1$%, as amended at &! FR 511$, /ov. &, 1$"5> 53 FR

&$&!1, ec. ", 1$> "" FR 5$(, <ct. 1, (!1(> " FR 5&&, -ept. (&, (!13)

§ 393.7: indshield /iping and /ashing s$ste,s.

6a7 :ehicles manufactured on or after ecember (5, 1$%. Each bus, truc2, and truc2

tractor manufactured on or after ecember (5, 1$%, must have a windshield wiping

system that meets the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1!& 6-&.17 in effect on the date of

manufacture. Each of these vehicles must have a windshield washing system that meets the

re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1!& 6-&.(.(7 in effect on the date of manufacture.

6b7 :ehicles manufactured between 'une 3!, 1$53, and ecember (&, 1$%. Each truc2,

truc2tractor, and bus manufactured between 'une 3!, 1$53, and ecember (&, 1$%, shall

be e0uipped with a powerdriven windshield wiping system with at least two wiper blades,

one on each side of the centerline of the windshield. #otor vehicles which depend upon

vacuum to operate the windshield wipers, shall have the wiper system constructed and

maintained such that the performance of the wipers will not be adversely affected by a

change in the inta2e manifold pressure.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6c7 riveawaytowaway operations. Iindshield wiping and washing systems need not be in

wor2ing condition while a commercial motor vehicle is being towed in a driveawaytowaway

operation.

Citation: ["! FR &!5&, ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 393.79: indshield defrosting and defogging s$ste,s.

6a7 :ehicles manufactured on or after ecember (5, 1$%. Each bus, truc2, and truc2

tractor manufactured on or after ecember (5, 1$%, must have a windshield defrosting

and defogging system that meets the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 1!3 in effect on the date

of manufacture.

6b7 :ehicles manufactured before ecember (5, 1$%. Each bus, truc2, and truc2tractor

shall be e0uipped with a means for preventing the accumulation of ice, snow, frost, or

condensation that could obstruct the drivers view through the windshield while the vehicle

is being driven.

Citation: ["! FR &!5&, ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 393.: %ear!ision ,irrors.

6a7 Every bus, truc2, and truc2 tractor shall be e0uipped with two rearvision mirrors, one at

each side, firmly attached to the outside of the motor vehicle, and so located as to reflect to

the driver a view of the highway to the rear, along both sides of the vehicle. ll such

regulated rearvision mirrors and their replacements shall meet, as a minimum, the

re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 111 6&$ FR 5"1.1117 in force at the time the vehicle was

manufactured.

6b7 EHceptions. 617 #irrors installed on a vehicle manufactured prior to 'anuary 1, 1$1,

may be continued in service, provided that if the mirrors are replaced they shall be replaced

with mirrors meeting, as a minimum, the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. 111 6&$ FR 5"1.1117

in force at the time the vehicle was manufactured.

6(7 <nly one outside mirror shall be re0uired, which shall be on the drivers side, on truc2s

which are so constructed that the driver has a view to the rear by means of an interior

mirror.

637 ;n drivewaytowaway operations, the driven vehicle shall have at least one mirror

furnishing a clear view to the rear.

Citation: [& FR 5"13$, ec. (, 1$3)

§ 393.1: 6orn.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Section

Every bus, truc2, truc2tractor, and every driven motor vehicle in driveawaytowawayoperations shall be e0uipped with a horn and actuating elements which shall be in such

condition as to give an ade0uate and reliable warning signal.

Guidance

Question 1: *o the "ederal #otor Carrier Safet$ %egulations &"#CS%s' specif$

/hat t$pe of horn is to be used on a Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle &C#='(

Guidance: /o.

Question 2: Are there established criteria in the "ederal #otor Carrier Safet$

%egulations &"#CS%s' to deter,ine the ,ini,u, sound le!el of horns on

Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle &C#='s(

Guidance: /o.

§ 393.2: Speedo,eter.

Section

Each bus, truc2, and truc2tractor must be e0uipped with a speedometer indicating vehicle

speed in miles per hour andor 2ilometers per hour. he speedometer must be accurate to

within plus or minus 2mhr 65 mph7 at a speed of ! 2mhr 65! mph7.

Citation: ["! FR &!5&, ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: hat does the phrase -reasonable accurac$- ,ean(

Guidance: GReasonable accuracyG is interpreted to mean accuracy to within plus or minus 5

mph at a speed of 5! mph.









7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


§ 393.3: 8@haust s$ste,s.

Section

6a7 Every motor vehicle having a device 6other than as part of its cargo7 capable of

eHpelling harmful combustion fumes shall have a system to direct the discharge of such

fumes. /o part shall be located where its location would li2ely result in burning, charring, or

damaging the electrical wiring, the fuel supply, or any combustible part of the motor vehicle.

6b7 /o eHhaust system shall discharge to the atmosphere at a location immediately below

the fuel tan2 or the fuel tan2 filler pipe.

6c7 he eHhaust system of a bus powered by a gasoline engine shall discharge to the

atmosphere at or within % inches forward of the rearmost part of the bus.

6d7 he eHhaust system of a bus using fuels other than gasoline shall discharge to the

atmosphere either=

617 t or within 15 inches forward of the rearmost part of the vehicle> or

6(7 o the rear of all doors or windows designed to be open, eHcept windows designed to be

opened solely as emergency eHits.

6e7 he eHhaust system of every truc2 and truc2 tractor shall discharge to the atmosphere

at a location to the rear of the cab or, if the eHhaust pro*ects above the cab, at a location

near the rear of the cab.

6f7 /o part of the eHhaust system shall be temporarily repaired with wrap or patches.6g7 /o part of the eHhaust system shall lea2 or discharge at a point forward of or directly

below the driversleeper compartment. he eHhaust outlet may discharge above the

cabsleeper roofline.

6h7 he eHhaust system must be securely fastened to the vehicle.

6i7 EHhaust systems may use hangers which permit re0uired movement due to eHpansion

and contraction caused by heat of the eHhaust and relative motion between engine and

chassis of a vehicle.

Citation: [53 FR &$&!1, ec. ", 1$)

Guidance

Question 1: Is a heat shield ,andator$ on a !ertical e@haust stac<(





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance: /o. +owever, B3$3.3 re0uires the placement of the eHhaust system in such a

manner as to prevent the burning, charring, or damaging of the electrical wiring, the fuel

supply, or any combustible part of the ommercial #otor :ehicle 6#:7.

Question 2: *oes §393.3 specif$ the t$pe of e@haust s$ste, !ertical or

hori?ontal to be used on truc<s or truc< tractors(

Guidance: /o.

§ 393.): "loors.

he flooring in all motor vehicles shall be substantially constructed, free of unnecessary

holes and openings, and shall be maintained so as to minimi4e the entrance of fumes,

eHhaust gases, or fire. Floors shall not be permeated with oil or other substances li2ely to

cause in*ury to persons using the floor as a traction surface.

Citation: [53 FR &$&!1, ec. ", 1$)

§ 393.5: %ear i,pact guards and rear end protection.

6a7617 Jeneral re0uirements for trailers and semitrailers manufactured on or after 'anuary

(%, 1$$. Each trailer and semitrailer with a gross vehicle weight rating of &,53% 2g 61!,!!!

pounds7 or more, and manufactured on or after 'anuary (%, 1$$, must be e0uipped with a

rear impact guard that meets the re0uirements of Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandard

/o. ((3 6&$ FR 5"1.((37 in effect at the time the vehicle was manufactured. Ihen therear impact guard is installed on the trailer or semitrailer, the vehicle must, at a minimum,

meet the re0uirements of F#:-- /o. ((& 6&$ FR 5"1.((&7 in effect at the time the vehicle

was manufactured. he re0uirements of paragraph 6a7 of this section do not apply to pole

trailers 6as defined in B 3$!.5 of this chapter7> pulpwood trailers, low chassis vehicles,

special purpose vehicles, wheels bac2 vehicles 6as defined in B 3$3.57> and trailers towed in

driveawaytowaway operations 6as defined in B 3$!.57.

6(7 ;mpact guard width. he outermost surfaces of the hori4ontal member of the guard

must eHtend to within 1!! mm 6& inches7 of the side eHtremities of the vehicle. he

outermost surface of the hori4ontal member shall not eHtend beyond the side eHtremity of

the vehicle.

637 Juard height. he vertical distance between the bottom edge of the hori4ontal member

of the guard and the ground shall not eHceed 5%! mm 6(( inches7 at any point across the

full width of the member. Juards with rounded corners may curve upward within (55 mm

61! inches7 of the longitudinal vertical planes that are tangent to the side eHtremities of the

vehicle.

6&7 Juard rear surface. t any height 5%! mm 6(( inches7 or more above the ground, the

rearmost surface of the hori4ontal member of the guard must be within 3!5 mm 61( inches7





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


of the rear eHtremity of the vehicle. his paragraph shall not be construed to prohibit the

rear surface of the guard from eHtending beyond the rear eHtremity of the vehicle. Juards

with rounded corners may curve forward within (55 mm 61! inches7 of the side eHtremity.

657 rosssectional vertical height. he hori4ontal member of each guard must have a cross

sectional vertical height of at least 1!! mm 63.$& inches7 at any point across the guard

width.6%7 ertification and labeling re0uirements for rear impact protection guards. Each rear

impact guard used to satisfy the re0uirements of paragraph 6a7617 of this section must be

permanently mar2ed or labeled as re0uired by F#:-- /o. ((3 6&$ FR 5"1.((3, -5.37. he

label must be on the forwardfacing surface of the hori4ontal member of the guard, 3!5 mm

61( inches7 inboard of the right end of the guard. he certification label must contain the

following information=

6i7 he impact guard manufacturers name and address>

6ii7 he statement ?#anufactured in OO@ 6inserting the month and year that the guard was

manufactured7> and,

6iii7 he letters ?<@, constituting a certification by the guard manufacturer that the guardconforms to all re0uirements of F#:-- /o. ((3.

6b7617 Re0uirements for motor vehicles manufactured after ecember 31, 1$5( 6eHcept

trailers or semitrailers manufactured on or after 'anuary (%, 1$$7. Each motor vehicle

manufactured after ecember 31, 1$5(, 6eHcept truc2 tractors, pole trailers, pulpwood

trailers, or vehicles in driveawaytowaway operations7 in which the vertical distance between

the rear bottom edge of the body 6or the chassis assembly if the chassis is the rearmost

part of the vehicle7 and the ground is greater than "%.( cm 63! inches7 when the motor

vehicle is empty, shall be e0uipped with a rear impact guard6s7. he rear impact guard6s7

must be installed and maintained in such a manner that=

6i7 he vertical distance between the bottom of the guard6s7 and the ground does not

eHceed "%.( cm 63! inches7 when the motor vehicle is empty>

6ii7 he maHimum lateral distance between the closest points between guards, if more than

one is used, does not eHceed %1 cm 6(& inches7>

6iii7 he outermost surfaces of the hori4ontal member of the guard are no more than &5."

cm 61 inches7 from each side eHtremity of the motor vehicle>

6iv7 he impact guard6s7 are no more than %1 cm 6(& inches7 forward of the rear eHtremity

of the motor vehicle.

6(7 onstruction and attachment. he rear impact guard6s7 must be substantially

constructed and attached by means of bolts, welding, or other comparable means.

637 :ehicle components and structures that may be used to satisfy the re0uirements of

paragraph 6b7 of this section. Kow chassis vehicles, special purpose vehicles, or wheels bac2vehicles constructed and maintained so that the body, chassis, or other parts of the vehicle

provide the rear end protection comparable to impact guard6s7 conforming to the

re0uirements of paragraph 6b7617 of this section shall be considered to be in compliance

with those re0uirements.

Citation: [%& FR &""!, -ept. 1, 1$$$, as amended at %" FR %1(&, <ct. (, (!!()

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


§ 393.7: arning flags on proFecting loads.

Section

6a7 ny commercial motor vehicle transporting a load which eHtends beyond the sides by

more than 1!( mm 6& inches7 or more than 1,(1$ mm 6& feet7 beyond the rear must have

the eHtremities of the load mar2ed with red or orange fluorescent warning flags. Each

warning flag must be at least &5" mm 61 inches7 s0uare.

6b7 Aosition of flags. here must be a single flag at the eHtreme rear if the pro*ecting load is

two feet wide or less. wo warning flags are re0uired if the pro*ecting load is wider than two

feet. Flags must be located to indicate maHimum width of loads which eHtend beyond thesides andor rear of the vehicle.

Citation: ["! FR &!5&, ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: #a$ a triangularshaped flag or de!ice be used b$ itself to ,ar< an

o!ersi?ed load(

Guidance: /o. +owever, nothing prohibits using a triangularshaped flag in con*unction with

the prescribed flag.

§ 393.: ele!ision recei!ers.

Section

ny motor vehicle e0uipped with a television viewer, screen or other means of visually

receiving a television broadcast shall have the viewer or screen located in the motor vehicle

at a point to the rear of the bac2 of the drivers seat if such viewer or screen is in the same

compartment as the driver and the viewer or screen shall be so located as not to be visible

to the driver, while heshe is driving the motor vehicle. he operating controls for the

television receiver shall be so located that the driver cannot operate them without leaving

the drivers seat.







7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance

Question 1: *oes §393. restrict the use of closed circuit ,onitor de!ices being

used as a safet$ !ie/ing s$ste, that /ould eli,inate blindside ,otor carrier

accidents(

Guidance: /o. he restriction of this section would not apply because the device cannot

receive television broadcasts or be used for the viewing of video tapes.

§ 393.9: 4uses dri!eshaft protection.

Section

ny driveshaft eHtending lengthways under the floor of the passenger compartment of a busshall be protected by means of at least one guard or brac2et at that end of the shaft which

is provided with a sliding connection 6spline or other such device7 to prevent the whipping of

the shaft in the event of failure thereof or of any of its component parts. shaft contained

within a tor0ue tube shall not re0uire any such device.

Citation: [33 FR 1$"35, ec. (5, 1$%, as amended at 53 FR &$&!(, ec. ", 1$)

Guidance

Question 1: "or the purposes of §393.9 /ould a spline and $o<e that is secured

b$ a nut be considered a sliding connection(

Guidance: /o. o be considered a sliding connection, the spline must be able to move

within the sleeve. Ihen the end of the spline is secured by a nut, it no longer has that

freedom.

Question 2: Bn ,ultiple dri!e shaft buses does §393.9 reuire that all seg,ents

of the dri!e shaft be protected no ,atter the seg,ents; length(

Guidance: Nes. Each drive shaft must have one guard or brac2et for each end of a shaft

which is provided with a sliding connection 6spline or other such device7.

Question 3: 6o/ does an e@isting pillo/ bearing &shaft support' on a ,ultiple

dri!eshaft s$ste, affect the reuire,ent(













7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance: ;t does not affect the re0uirement. ;t is part of the re0uirement.

§ 393.9: 4uses standee line or bar.

EHcept as provided below, every bus, which is designed and constructed so as to allowstandees, shall be plainly mar2ed with a line of contrasting color at least ( inches wide or

e0uipped with some other means so as to indicate to any person that heshe is prohibited

from occupying a space forward of a perpendicular plane drawn through the rear of the

drivers seat and perpendicular to the longitudinal aHis of the bus. Every bus shall have

clearly posted at or near the front, a sign with letters at least onehalf inch high stating that

it is a violation of the Federal #otor arrier -afety dministrations regulations for a bus to

be operated with persons occupying the prohibited area. he re0uirements of this section

shall not apply to any bus being transported in driveawaytowaway operation or to any level

of the bus other that the level in which the driver is located nor shall they be construed to

prohibit any seated person from occupying permanent seats located in the prohibited area

provided such seats are so located that persons sitting therein will not interfere with the

drivers safe operation of the bus.

§ 393.91: 4uses aisle seats prohibited.

/o bus shall be e0uipped with aisle seats unless such seats are so designed and installed as

to automatically fold and leave a clear aisle when they are unoccupied. /o bus shall be

operated if any seat therein is not securely fastened to the vehicle.

Citation: [53 FR &$&!(, ec. ", 1$)

§ 393.93: Seats seat belt asse,blies and seat beltasse,bl$ anchorages.

Section

6a7 DusesC617 Duses manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$%5, and before 'uly 1, 1$"1.

fter 'une 3!, 1$"(, every bus manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$%5, and before 'uly

1, 1$"1, must be e0uipped with a ype 1 or ype ( seat belt assembly that conforms to

Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandard /o. (!$ 6B 5"1.(!$7 installed at the drivers seat and

seat belt assembly anchorages that conform to the location and geometric re0uirements of

Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandard /o. (1! 6B 5"1.(1!7 for that seat belt assembly.

6(7 Duses manufactured on or after 'uly 1, 1$"1. Every bus manufactured on or after 'uly 1,

1$"1, must conform to the re0uirements of Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandard /o. (!



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6B 5"1.(!7 6relating to installation of seat belt assemblies7 and Federal #otor :ehicle

-afety -tandard /o. (1! 6B 5"1.(1!7 6relating to installation of seat belt assembly

anchorages7.

637 Duses manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$"(. Every bus manufactured on or after

'anuary 1, 1$"(, must conform to the re0uirements of Federal #otor :ehicle -afety

-tandard /o. (!" 6B 5"1.(!"7 6relating to seating systems7.6b7 ruc2s and truc2 tractorsC617 ruc2s and truc2 tractors manufactured on and after

'anuary 1, 1$%5, and before 'uly 1, 1$"1. EHcept as provided in paragraph 6d7 of this

section, after 'une 3!, 1$"(, every truc2 and truc2 tractor manufactured on or after 'anuary

1, 1$%5, and before 'uly 1, 1$"1, must be e0uipped with a ype 1 or ype ( seat belt

assembly that conforms to Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandard /o. (!$ 6B 5"1.(!$7

installed at the drivers seat and at the right front outboard seat, if the vehicle has one, and

seat belt assembly anchorages that conform to the location and geometric re0uirements of

Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandard /o. (1! 6B 5"1.(1!7 for each seat belt assembly that

is re0uired by this subparagraph.

6(7 ruc2s and truc2 tractors manufactured on or after 'uly 1, 1$"1. Every truc2 and truc2tractor manufactured on or after 'uly 1, 1$"1, eHcept a truc2 or truc2 tractor being

transported in driveawaytowaway operation and having an incomplete vehicle seating and

cab configuration, must conform to the re0uirements of Federal #otor :ehicle -afety

-tandard /o. (! 6B 5"1.(!7 6relating to installation of seat belt assemblies7 and Federal

#otor :ehicle -afety -tandard /o. (1! 6B 5"1.(1!7 6relating to installation of seat belt

assembly anchorages7.

637 ruc2s and truc2 tractors manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$"(. Every truc2 and

truc2 tractor manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$"(, eHcept a truc2 or truc2 tractor

being transported in driveawaytowaway operation and having an incomplete vehicle seating

and cab configuration, must conform to the re0uirements of Federal #otor :ehicle -afety

-tandard /o. (!" 6B 5"1.(!"7 6relating to seating systems7.

6c7 Effective date of standards. Ihenever paragraph 6a7 or 6b7 of this section re0uires

conformity to a Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandard, the vehicle or e0uipment must

conform to the version of the -tandard that is in effect on the date the vehicle is

manufactured or on the date the vehicle is modified to conform to the re0uirements of

paragraph 6a7 or 6b7 of this section, whichever is later.

6d7 ruc2s and truc2 tractors manufactured on or after 'anuary 1, 1$%5, and before 'uly 1,

1$"1, and operated in the -tate of +awaii, must comply with the provisions of paragraph

6b7 of this section on and after 'anuary 1, 1$"%.

Citation: [35 FR 1%3$, <ct. 3!, 1$"!, as amended at 3$ FR 3(5%1, -ept. $, 1$"&> &! FR3(33%, ug. 1, 1$"5> "( FR 55"!3, <ct. 1, (!!")

Guidance

Question 1: If a Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle &C#=' other than a ,otor coach is

euipped /ith a passenger seat is a seat belt reuired for the passenger seat(



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Guidance: Nes.

§ 393.9): Interior noise le!els in po/er units.

6a7 pplicability of this section. he interior noise level re0uirements apply to all truc2s,truc2tractors, and buses.

6b7 Jeneral rule. he interior sound level at the drivers seating position of a motor vehicle

must not eHceed $! dD67 when measured in accordance with paragraph 6c7 of this section.

6c7 est procedure. 617 Aar2 the vehicle at a location so that no large reflecting surfaces,

such as other vehicles, signboards, buildings, or hills, are within 5! feet of the drivers

seating position.

6(7 lose all vehicle doors, windows, and vents. urn off all poweroperated accessories.

637 Alace the driver in hisher normal seated position at the vehicles controls. Evacuate all

occupants eHcept the driver and the person conducting the test.

6&7 he sound level meters used to determine compliance with the re0uirements of this

section must meet the merican /ational -tandards ;nstitute ?-pecification for -ound Kevel

#eters,@ /-; -1.&C1$3. 6-ee B 3$3."6b7 for information on the incorporation by

reference and availability of this document.7

657 Kocate the microphone, oriented vertically upward, % inches to the right of, in the same

plane as, and directly in line with, the drivers right ear.

6%7 Iith the vehicles transmission in neutral gear, accelerate its engine to either its

maHimum governed engine speed, if it is e0uipped with an engine governor, or its speed at

its maHimum rated horsepower, if it is not e0uipped with an engine governor. -tabili4e the

engine at that speed.

6"7 <bserve the weighted sound level reading on the meter for the stabili4ed engine

speed condition. Record that reading, if the reading has not been influenced by eHtraneousnoise sources such as motor vehicles operating on ad*acent roadways.

67 Return the vehicles engine speed to idle and repeat the procedures specified in

paragraphs 6c7 6%7 and 6"7 of this section until two maHimum sound levels within ( dD of

each other are recorded. /umerically average those two maHimum sound level readings.

6$7 he average obtained in accordance with paragraph 6c767 of this section is the vehicles

interior sound level at the drivers seating position for the purpose of determining whether

the vehicle conforms to the rule in paragraph 6b7 of this section. +owever, a ( dD tolerance

over the sound level limitation specified in that paragraph is permitted to allow for variations

in test conditions and variations in the capabilities of meters.

61!7 ;f the motor vehicles engine radiator fan drive is e0uipped with a clutch or similar

device that automatically either reduces the rotational speed of the fan or completely

disengages the fan from its power source in response to reduced engine cooling loads the

vehicle may be par2ed before testing with its engine running at high idle or any other speed

the operator may choose, for sufficient time but not more than 1! minutes, to permit the

engine radiator fan to automatically disengage.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Citation: [3 FR 3!1, /ov. , 1$"3, as amended at &! FR 3(33%, ug. 1, 1$"5> &1 FR

((%, 'uly $, 1$"%> "! FR &!5&, ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 393.9+: 8,ergenc$ euip,ent on all po/er units.

Each truc2, truc2 tractor, and bus 6eHcept those towed in driveawaytowaway operations7

must be e0uipped as follows=

6a7 Fire eHtinguishersC617 #inimum ratings. 6i7 power unit that is used to transport

ha4ardous materials in a 0uantity that re0uires placarding 6-ee B 1"".(3 of this title7 must

be e0uipped with a fire eHtinguisher having an 8nderwriters Kaboratories rating of 1! D=

or more.

6ii7 power unit that is not used to transport ha4ardous materials must be e0uipped with

either=

67 fire eHtinguisher having an 8nderwriters Kaboratories rating of 5 D= or more> or

6D7 wo fire eHtinguishers, each of which has an 8nderwriters Kaboratories rating of & D=

or more.

6(7 Kabeling and mar2ing. Each fire eHtinguisher re0uired by this section must be labeled or

mar2ed by the manufacturer with its 8nderwriters Kaboratories rating.

637 :isual ;ndicators. he fire eHtinguisher must be designed, constructed, and maintained

to permit visual determination of whether it is fully charged.

6&7 ondition, location, and mounting. he fire eHtinguisher6s7 must be filled and located so

that it is readily accessible for use. he eHtinguisher6s7 must be securely mounted to

prevent sliding, rolling, or vertical movement relative to the motor vehicle.

657 EHtinguishing agents. he fire eHtinguisher must use an eHtinguishing agent that does

not need protection from free4ing. EHtinguishing agents must comply with the toHicity

provisions of the Environmental Arotection gencys -ignificant /ew lternatives Aolicy6-/A7 regulations under &! FR Aart (, -ubpart J.

6%7 EHception. his paragraph 6a7 does not apply to the driven unit in a driveawaytowaway

operation.

6b7 -pare fuses. Aower units for which fuses are needed to operate any re0uired parts and

accessories must have at least one spare fuse for each typesi4e of fuse needed for those

parts and accessories.

6c76e7 [Reserved)

6f7 Iarning devices for stopped vehicles. EHcept as provided in paragraph 6g7 of this

section, one of the following options must be used=

617 hree bidirectional emergency reflective triangles that conform to the re0uirements of

Federal #otor :ehicle -afety -tandard /o. 1(5, B 5"1.1(5 of this title> or

6(7 t least % fusees or 3 li0uidburning flares. he vehicle must have as many additional

fusees or li0uidburning flares as are necessary to satisfy the re0uirements of B 3$(.((.

637 <ther warning devices may be used in addition to, but not in lieu of, the re0uired

warning devices, provided those warning devices do not decrease the effectiveness of the

re0uired warning devices.

6g7 Restrictions on the use of flameproducing devices. Ki0uidburning flares, fusees, oil

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


lanterns, or any signal produced by a flame shall not be carried on any commercial motor

vehicle transporting ivision 1.1, 1.(, 1.3 6eHplosives7 ha4ardous materials> any cargo tan2

motor vehicle used for the transportation of ivision (.1 6flammable gas7 or lass 3

6flammable li0uid7 ha4ardous materials whether loaded or empty> or any commercial motor

vehicle using compressed gas as a motor fuel.

6h76i7 [Reserved)6*7 Re0uirements for fusees and li0uidburning flares. Each fusee shall be capable of burning

for 3! minutes, and each li0uidburning flare shall contain enough fuel to burn continuously

for at least %! minutes. Fusees and li0uidburning flares shall conform to the re0uirements

of 8nderwriters Kaboratories, ;nc., 8K /o. $1(, +ighway Emergency -ignals, Fourth Edition,

'uly 3!, 1$"$, 6with an amendment dated /ovember $, 1$17. 6-ee B 3$3." for information

on the incorporation by reference and availability of this document.7 Each fusee and li0uid

burning flare shall be mar2ed with the 8K symbol in accordance with the re0uirements of 8K

$1(.

627 Re0uirements for red flags. Red flags shall be not less than 1( inches s0uare, with

standards ade0uate to maintain the flags in an upright position.

Citation: [33 FR 1$"35, ec. (5, 1$%, as amended at 35 FR 13!1$, ug. 15, 1$"!> 35 FR

1&%1$, -ept. 1, 1$"!> 3" FR 1"1"%, ug. (5, 1$"(> &! FR 1!%5, #ar. ", 1$"5> &1 FR

53!31, ec. 3, 1$"%> &" FR &"3", <ct. (, 1$(> 5$ FR 3&"1(, 'uly %, 1$$&> %" FR

%1((5, -ept. (", (!!(> "! FR &!5&, ug. 15, (!!5> "( FR &&!3%, ug. ", (!!"> " FR

5&&, -ept. (&, (!13)

§ 393.1: hich t$pes of co,,ercial ,otor !ehicles are

subFect to the cargo secure,ent standards of this subpartand /hat general reuire,ents appl$(

Section

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this subpart are applicable to truc2s, truc2 tractors,

semitrailers, full trailers, and pole trailers.

6b7 Arevention against loss of load. Each commercial motor vehicle must, when transporting

cargo on public roads, be loaded and e0uipped, and the cargo secured, in accordance with

this subpart to prevent the cargo from lea2ing, spilling, blowing or falling from the motor

vehicle.

6c7 Arevention against shifting of load. argo must be contained, immobili4ed or secured in

accordance with this subpart to prevent shifting upon or within the vehicle to such an eHtent

that the vehicles stability or maneuverability is adversely affected.

Guidance





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Question 1: hen securing cargo is the use of a tiedo/n e!er$ 1 linear feet or

fraction thereof adeuate(

Guidance: Nes, as long as the aggregate strength of the tiedowns is e0ual to the

re0uirements of B3$3.1!(, and each article is secured.

Question 3: Are the reuire,ents of §393.1 the onl$ cargo secure,ent

reuire,ents ,otor carriers ,ust co,pl$ /ith(

Guidance: /o. motor carrier, when transporting cargo, must comply with all the

applicable cargo securement re0uirements of subpart ; and B3$(.$.

Question ): *o the rules for protection against shifting or falling cargo appl$ to

Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle &C#='s /ith enclosed cargo areas(

Guidance:

Nes. ll ommercial #otor :ehicle 6#:7s transporting cargo must comply with the

applicable provisions of B3$3.1!!3$3.1!% 6subpart ;7 to prevent the shifting or falling of

cargo aboard the vehicle.

-ec. 3$3.1!!6b76(7, <ption D, re0uires one tiedown assembly for each 1! linear feet of

lading or fraction thereof. +owever, Ga poletrailerP P P is re0uired only to have two P P P of

those tie down assemblies at each end of the trailer,G i.e., at the stanchions, because the

cargo cannot effectively be secured at midtrailer where its structure is limited to the pole orboom.

-ec. 3$3.1!!6b76&7, Option D, allows the motor carrier to use a securement system that is

similar to, and at least as effective as <ption D.

-ec. 3$3.1!!6d7 states that the rules in B3$3.1!! do not apply to the transportation of Gone

or more articles which, because of their si4e, shape, or weight, must be carried on special

purpose vehicles or must be fastened by special methods.G +owever, since pole trailers are

eHplicitly included in B3$3.1!!6b76(7, they are not special purpose vehicles and logs must

be secured in accordance with B3$3.1!!6b7.

§ 393.12: hat are the ,ini,u, perfor,ance criteria forcargo secure,ent de!ices and s$ste,s(













7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Section

6a7 Aerformance criteriaC617 Drea2ing strength. iedown assemblies 6including chains, wirerope, steel strapping, synthetic webbing, and cordage7 and other attachment or fastening

devices used to secure articles of cargo to, or in, commercial motor vehicles must be

designed, installed, and maintained to ensure that the maHimum forces acting on the

devices or systems do not eHceed the manufacturers brea2ing strength rating under the

following conditions, applied separately=

6i7 !. g deceleration in the forward direction>

6ii7 !.5 g acceleration in the rearward direction> and

6iii7 !.5 g acceleration in a lateral direction.

6(7 Ior2ing Koad limit. iedown assemblies 6including chains, wire rope, steel strapping,

synthetic webbing, and cordage7 and other attachment or fastening devices used to secure

articles of cargo to, or in, commercial motor vehicles must be designed, installed, and

maintained to ensure that the forces acting on the devices or systems do not eHceed the

wor2ing load limit for the devices under the following conditions, applied separately=

6i7 !.&35 g deceleration in the forward direction>

6ii7 !.5 g acceleration in the rearward direction> and

6iii7 !.(5 g acceleration in a lateral direction.

6b7 Aerformance criteria for devices to prevent vertical movement of loads that are not

contained within the structure of the vehicle. -ecurement systems must provide a

downward force e0uivalent to at least (! percent of the weight of the article of cargo if the

article is not fully contained within the structure of the vehicle. ;f the article is fully

contained within the structure of the vehicle, it may be secured in accordance with B3$3.1!%6b7.

6c7 E0uivalent means of securement. he means of securing articles of cargo are considered

to meet the performance re0uirements of this section if the cargo is=

617 ;mmobili4ed, such so that it cannot shift or tip to the eHtent that the vehicles stability or

maneuverability is adversely affected> or

6(7 ransported in a sided vehicle that has walls of ade0uate strength, such that each article

of cargo within the vehicle is in contact with, or sufficiently close to a wall or other articles,

so that it cannot shift or tip to the eHtent that the vehicles stability or maneuverability is

adversely affected> or

637 -ecured in accordance with the applicable re0uirements of BB 3$3.1!& through 3$3.13%.

Citation: ["1 FR 353(, 'une ((, (!!%, as amended at " FR 5&&, -ept. (&, (!13)

Guidance





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Question 1: *oes §393.12&b' prohibit the use of secure,ent de!ices for /hich

,anufacturing standards ha!e not been incorporated b$ reference(

Guidance: B3$3.1!(6b7 re0uires that chain, wire rope, synthetic webbing, cordage, and

steel strapping meet minimum manufacturing standards. ;t does not, however, prohibit the

use of other types of securement devices or establish manufacturing standards for those

devices. herefore, if the securement device6s7 has an aggregate wor2ing load limit of at

least V the weight of the article, and the load is secured to prevent it from shifting or falling

from the vehicle, BB3$3.1!! and 3$3.1!(6b7 would be satisfied. ;f the cargo is not firmly

braced against a frontend structure that conforms to the re0uirements of B3$3.1!%, the

securement system would have to provide protection against longitudinal movement

[B3$3.1!&6a7). ;f the load may shift sideways in transit then B3$3.1!&6b7 would also be

applicable.

Question 2: *oes §393.12&b' reuire that secure,ent de!ices be ,ar<ed or

labeled /ith their /or<ing load li,it or an$ other infor,ation(

Guidance: /o. lthough B3$3.1!(6b7 re0uires chain, wire rope, synthetic webbing,

cordage, and steel strapping tiedowns to meet applicable manufacturing standards, it

eHplicitly eHcludes mar2ing identification provisions of those manufacturing standards. -ince

B3$3.1!(6b7 does not establish manufacturing standards or mar2ing re0uirements for other

types of securement devices, such devices are not re0uired to be mar2ed with their wor2ing

load limi

§ 393.1): hat standards ,ust cargo secure,ent

de!ices and s$ste,s ,eet in order to satisf$ thereuire,ents of this subpart(

6a7 Jeneral. ll devices and systems used to secure cargo to or within a vehicle must be

capable of meeting the re0uirements of B 3$3.1!(.

6b7 Arohibition on the use of damaged securement devices. ll tiedowns, cargo securement

systems, parts and components used to secure cargo must be in proper wor2ing order when

used to perform that function with no damaged or wea2ened components, such as, but not

limited to, crac2s or cuts that will adversely affect their performance for cargo securement

purposes, including reducing the wor2ing load limit.

6c7 :ehicle structures and anchor points. :ehicle structures, floors, walls, dec2s, tiedown

anchor points, headerboards, bul2heads, sta2es, posts, and associated mounting poc2ets

used to contain or secure articles of cargo must be strong enough to meet the performance

criteria of B 3$3.1!(, with no damaged or wea2ened components, such as, but not limited

to, crac2s or cuts that will adversely affect their performance for cargo securement

purposes, including reducing the wor2ing load limit.

6d7 #aterial for dunnage, choc2s, cradles, shoring bars, bloc2ing and bracing. #aterial used

http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/section/393.102








7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


as dunnage or dunnage bags, choc2s, cradles, shoring bars, or used for bloc2ing and

bracing, must not have damage or defects which would compromise the effectiveness of the

securement system.

6e7 #anufacturing standards for tiedown assemblies. iedown assemblies 6including chains,

wire rope, steel strapping, synthetic webbing, and cordage7 and other attachment or

fastening devices used to secure articles of cargo to, or in, commercial motor vehicles mustconform to the following applicable standards=

6f7 8se of tiedowns. 617 iedowns and securing devices must not contain 2nots.

6(7 ;f a tiedown is repaired, it must be repaired in accordance with the applicable standards

in paragraph 6e7 of this section, or the manufacturers instructions.

637 Each tiedown must be attached and secured in a manner that prevents it from becoming

loose, unfastening, opening or releasing while the vehicle is in transit.

6&7 Edge protection must be used whenever a tiedown would be sub*ect to abrasion or

cutting at the point where it touches an article of cargo. he edge protection must resist

abrasion, cutting and crushing.

Citation: [%" FR %1((5, -ept. (", (!!(, as amended at "1 FR 3533, 'une ((, (!!%)

§ 393.15: hat are the general reuire,ents for securingarticles of cargo(

Section

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section are applicable to the transportation of all types of

articles of cargo, eHcept commodities in bul2 that lac2 structure or fiHed shape 6e.g., li0uids,

gases, grain, li0uid concrete, sand, gravel, aggregates7 and are transported in a tan2,

hopper, boH, or similar device that forms part of the structure of a commercial motor

vehicle. he rules in this section apply to the cargo types covered by the commodityspecific

rules of B 3$3.11% through B 3$3.13%. he commodityspecific rules ta2e precedence over

the general re0uirements of this section when additional re0uirements are given for a

commodity listed in those sections.

6b7 Jeneral. argo must be firmly immobili4ed or secured on or within a vehicle by

structures of ade0uate strength, dunnage or dunnage bags, shoring bars, tiedowns or a

combination of these.

6c7 argo placement and restraint. 617 rticles of cargo that are li2ely to roll must be

restrained by choc2s, wedges, a cradle or other e0uivalent means to prevent rolling. he

means of preventing rolling must not be capable of becoming unintentionally unfastened or



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


loose while the vehicle is in transit.

6(7 rticles or cargo placed beside each other and secured by transverse tiedowns must

either=

6i7 De placed in direct contact with each other, or

6ii7 De prevented from shifting towards each other while in transit.

6d7 ggregate wor2ing load limit for tiedowns. he aggregate wor2ing load limit of tiedownsused to secure an article or group of articles against movement must be at least onehalf

times the weight of the article or group of articles. he aggregate wor2ing load limit is the

sum of=

617 <nehalf the wor2ing load limit of each tiedown that goes from an anchor point on the

vehicle to an anchor point on an article of cargo>

6(7 <nehalf the wor2ing load limit of each tiedown that is attached to an anchor point on

the vehicle, passes through, over, or around the article of cargo, and is then attached to an

anchor point on the same side of the vehicle.

637 he wor2ing load limit for each tiedown that goes from an anchor point on the vehicle,

through, over, or around the article of cargo, and then attaches to another anchor point onthe other side of the vehicle.

Citation: [%" FR %1((5, -ept. (", (!!(, as amended at % FR 5%(!, -ept. 3!, (!!3> "1

FR 3533, 'une ((, (!!%)

Guidance

Question 1: hen describing a headerboard or cab protection de!ice the

regulations state that si,ilar de!ices ,a$ be used. hat is ,eant b$ the ter,

-si,ilar de!ices-(

Guidance: he term Gsimilar devicesG has reference to devices e0uivalent in strength and

function, though not necessarily in appearance and construction, to headerboards.

§ 393.1: 6o/ is the /or<ing load li,it of a tiedo/n orthe load restraining !alue of a friction ,at deter,ined(

6a7 he wor2ing load limit 6IKK7 of a tiedown, associated connector or attachment

mechanism is the lowest wor2ing load limit of any of its components 6including tensioner7,

or the wor2ing load limit of the anchor points to which it is attached, whichever is less.

6b7 he wor2ing load limits of tiedowns may be determined by using either the tiedown

manufacturers mar2ings or by using the tables in this section. he wor2ing load limits listed

in the tables are to be used when the tiedown material is not mar2ed by the manufacturer



7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


with the wor2ing load limit. iedown materials which are mar2ed by the manufacturer with

wor2ing load limits that differ from the tables, shall be considered to have a wor2ing load

limit e0ual to the value for which they are mar2ed.

6c7 -ynthetic cordage 6e.g., nylon, polypropylene, polyester7 which is not mar2ed or labeled

to enable identification of its composition or wor2ing load limit shall be considered to have a

wor2ing load limit e0ual to that for polypropylene fiber rope.6d7 Ielded steel chain which is not mar2ed or labeled to enable identification of its grade or

wor2ing load limit shall be considered to have a wor2ing load limit e0ual to that for grade 3!

proof coil chain.

6e7617 Iire rope which is not mar2ed by the manufacturer with a wor2ing load limit shall be

considered to have a wor2ing load limit e0ual to onefourth of the nominal strength listed in

the Iire Rope 8sers #anual.

6(7 Iire which is not mar2ed or labeled to enable identification of its construction type shall

be considered to have a wor2ing load limit e0ual to that for % W 3", fiber core wire rope.

6f7 #anila rope which is not mar2ed by the manufacturer with a wor2ing load limit shall be

considered to have a wor2ing load limit based on its diameter as provided in the tables ofwor2ing load limits.

6g7 Friction mats which are not mar2ed or rated by the manufacturer shall be considered to

provide resistance to hori4ontal movement e0ual to 5! percent of the weight placed on the

mat.

ables to §393.1

or<ing Doad Di,its &DD' ChainJ

ie mm

(inches)

*LL in %g (ounds)

+rade ,- roof

coil

+rade ., high

test

+rade /-

transort

+rade 0-

alloy

+rade 1--

alloy

10 !1 / %# "' !1,3''# 1,1' !2,&''# 1,%3' !3,1"'# 1,"' !3,"''# 1,"' !%,3''#

20 !" / 1&# &' !1,''# 1,' !3,''# 2,13' !%,''# 2,''' !%,"''# 2,&'' !",''#

30 1' !3 / # 1,2'' !2,&"'# 2,%"' !",%''# 2,' !&,&''# 3,2'' !,1''# %,''' !,''#

%0 11 ! / 1&# 1,&' !3,''# 3,2' !,2''# 3,' !,"'#

"0 13 !1 / 2# 2,'3' !%,"''# %,1' !,2''# ",13' !11,3''# ",%'' !12,'''# &,'' !1",'''#

&0 1& !" / # 3,13' !&,''# ",1' !13,'''# ,1' !1",''# ,2'' !1,1''# 1',3'' !22,&''#

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Chain 4ar*E5amles6

E5amle 1 3 % 1'

E5amle 2 3' %3 ' ' 1''

E5amle 3 3'' %3' '' '' 1'''

S$nthetic ebbing

*idth mm (inches) *LL %g (ounds)

%" !13 / %# ' !1,"'#

"' !2# 1' !2,'''#

" !3# 1,3&' !3,'''#

1'' !%# 1,1' !%,'''#

ire %ope &5 K 37 "iber Core'

2iameter mm (inches) *LL %g (ounds)

!1 / %# &%' !1,%''#

!" / 1&# "' !2,1''#

1' !3 / # 1,3&' !3,'''#

11 ! / 1&# 1,&' !%,1''#

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


13 !1 / 2# 2,%'' !",3''#

1& !"

/

# 3,' !,3''#

2' !3 / %# %,%' !1',''#

22 ! / # ,3'' !1&,1''#

2" !1# ,%' !2',''#

#anila %ope


1' !3 / # ' !2'"#

11 ! / 1&# 12' !2&"#

13 !1

/ 2# 1"' !31"#

1& !" / # 21' !%&"#

2' !3 / %# 2' !&%'#

2" !1# %' !1,'"'#

ol$prop$lene "iber %ope DD &3Strand and Strand Constructions'


1' !3 / # 1' !%''#

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


11 ! / 1&# 2%' !"2"#

13 !1

/ 2

# 2' !&2"#

1& !" / # %2' !2"#

2' !3 / %# "' !1,2"#

2" !1# "' !2,1''#

ol$ester "iber %ope DD &3Strand and Strand Constructions'


1' !3 / # 2"' !"""#

11 ! / 1&# 3%' !"'#

13 !1

/ 2# %%' !&'#

1& !" / # &' !1,"''#

2' !3 / %# "' !1,'#

2" !1# 1,"'' !3,3''#

H$lon %ope


1' !3 / # 13' !2#

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


11 ! / 1&# 1' !%1'#

13 !1

/ 2

# 2%' !"2"#

1& !" / # %2' !3"#

2' !3 / %# &%' !1,%2'#

2" !1# 1,1%' !2,"2'#

*ouble 4raided H$lon %ope


1' !3 / # 1"' !33&#

11 ! / 1&# 23' !"'2#

13 !1

/ 2# 3'' !&""#

1& !" / # "1' !1,13'#

2' !3 / %# 3' !1,%'#

2" !1# 1,%' !3,2"'#

Steel Strapping

*idth 3 thic%ness mm (inches) *LL %g (ounds)

310 7 0% !11 / % 7 '0'2# "%' !1,1'#

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


310 7 0 !11 / % 7 '0'31# "%' !1,1'#

310 7 0 !11

/ %

7 '0'3"# "%' !1,1'#

310 7 1012 !11 / % 7 '0'%%# ' !1,&'#

310 7 102 !11 / % 7 '0'"# ' !1,&'#

310 7 10" !11 / % 7 '0'"# ' !1,2"#

"'0 7 1012 !2 7 '0'%%# 1,2'' !2,&"'#

"'0 7 102 !2 7 '0'"# 1,2'' !2,&"'#

§ 393.11: hat else do I ha!e to do to deter,ine the,ini,u, nu,ber of tiedo/ns(

6a7 Ihen tiedowns are used as part of a cargo securement system, the minimum number of

tiedowns re0uired to secure an article or group of articles against movement depends on thelength of the article6s7 being secured, and the re0uirements of paragraphs 6b7 and 6c7 of

this section. hese re0uirements are in addition to the rules under B 3$3.1!%.

6b7 Ihen an article is not bloc2ed or positioned to prevent movement in the forward

direction by a headerboard, bul2head, other cargo that is positioned to prevent movement,

or other appropriate bloc2ing devices, it must be secured by at least=

617 <ne tiedown for articles 5 feet 61.5( meters7 or less in length, and 1,1!! pounds 65!!

2g7 or less in weight>

6(7 wo tiedowns if the article is=

6i7 5 feet 61.5( meters7 or less in length and more than 1,1!! pounds 65!! 2g7 in weight> or

6ii7 Konger than 5 feet 61.5( meters7 but less than or e0ual to 1! feet 63.!& meters7 in

length, irrespective of the weight.

637 wo tiedowns if the article is longer than 1! feet 63.!& meters7, and one additional

tiedown for every 1! feet 63.!& meters7 of article length, or fraction thereof, beyond the

first 1! feet 63.!& meters7 of length.

6c7 ;f an individual article is bloc2ed, braced, or immobili4ed to prevent movement in the

forward direction by a headerboard, bul2head, other articles which are ade0uately secured

or by an appropriate bloc2ing or immobili4ation method, it must be secured by at least one

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


tiedown for every 3.!& meters 61! feet7 of article length, or fraction thereof.

6d7 -pecial rule for special purpose vehicles. he rules in this section do not apply to a

vehicle transporting one or more articles of cargo such as, but not limited to, machinery or

fabricated structural items 6e.g., steel or concrete beams, crane booms, girders, and

trusses, etc.7 which, because of their design, si4e, shape, or weight, must be fastened by

special methods. +owever, any article of cargo carried on that vehicle must be securely andade0uately fastened to the vehicle.


§ 393.112: #ust a tiedo/n be adFustable(

Each tiedown, or its associated connectors, or its attachment mechanisms must be

designed, constructed, and maintained so the driver of an intransit commercial motor

vehicle can tighten them. +owever, this re0uirement does not apply to the use of steel

strapping.

§ 393.11): hat are the reuire,ents for front endstructures used as part of a cargo secure,ent s$ste,(

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section are applicable to commercial motor vehicles

transporting articles of cargo that are in contact with the front end structure of the vehicle.

he front end structure on these cargocarrying vehicles must meet the performance

re0uirements of this section.

6b7 +eight and width. 617 he front end structure must eHtend either to a height of & feetabove the floor of the vehicle or to a height at which it bloc2s forward movement of any

item or article of cargo being carried on the vehicle, whichever is lower.

6(7 he front end structure must have a width which is at least e0ual to the width of the

vehicle or which bloc2s forward movement of any article of cargo being transported on the

vehicle, whichever is narrower.

6c7 -trength. he front end structure must be capable of withstanding the following

hori4ontal forward static load=

617 For a front end structure less than % feet in height, a hori4ontal forward static load e0ual

to onehalf 6!.57 of the weight of the articles of cargo being transported on the vehicle

uniformly distributed over the entire portion of the front end structure that is within & feet

above the vehicles floor or that is at or below a height above the vehicles floor at which it

bloc2s forward movement of any article of the vehicles cargo, whichever is less> or

6(7 For a front end structure % feet in height or higher, a hori4ontal forward static load e0ual

to fourtenths 6!.&7 of the weight of the articles of cargo being transported on the vehicle

uniformly distributed over the entire front end structure.

6d7 Aenetration resistance. he front end structure must be designed, constructed, and

maintained so that it is capable of resisting penetration by any article of cargo that contacts

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


it when the vehicle decelerates at a rate of (! feet per second, per second. he front end

structure must have no aperture large enough to permit any article of cargo in contact with

the structure to pass through it.

6e7 -ubstitute devices. he re0uirements of this section may be met by the use of devices

performing the same functions as a front end structure, if the devices are at least as strong

as, and provide protection against shifting articles of cargo at least e0ual to, a front endstructure which conforms to those re0uirements.


§ 393.115: hat are the rules for securing logs(

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section are applicable to the transportation of logs with the

following eHceptions=

617 Kogs that are uniti4ed by banding or other comparable means may be transported in

accordance with the general cargo securement rules of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&.

6(7 Koads that consist of no more than four processed logs may be transported in

accordance with the general cargo securement rules of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&.

637 Firewood, stumps, log debris and other such short logs must be transported in a vehicle

or container enclosed on both sides, front, and rear and of ade0uate strength to contain

them. Konger logs may also be so loaded.

6b7 omponents of a securement system. 617 Kogs must be transported on a vehicle

designed and built, or adapted, for the transportation of logs. ny such vehicle must be

fitted with bun2s, bolsters, sta2es or standards, or other e0uivalent means, that cradle the

logs and prevent them from rolling.

6(7 ll vehicle components involved in securement of logs must be designed and built towithstand all anticipated operational forces without failure, accidental release or permanent

deformation. -ta2es or standards that are not permanently attached to the vehicle must be

secured in a manner that prevents unintentional separation from the vehicle in transit.

637 iedowns must be used in combination with the stabili4ation provided by bun2s, sta2es,

and bolsters to secure the load unless the logs=

6i7 are transported in a cribtype log trailer 6as defined in &$ FR 3$3.57, and

6ii7 are loaded in compliance with paragraphs 6b76(7 and 6c7 of this section.

6&7 he aggregate wor2ing load limit for tiedowns used to secure a stac2 of logs on a frame

vehicle, or a flatbed vehicle e0uipped with bun2s, bolsters, or sta2es must be at least one

siHth the weight of the stac2 of logs.

6c7 8se of securement system. 617 Kogs must be solidly pac2ed, and the outer bottom logs

must be in contact with and resting solidly against the bun2s, bolsters, sta2es or standards.

6(7 Each outside log on the side of a stac2 of logs must touch at least two sta2es, bun2s,

bolsters, or standards. ;f one end does not actually touch a sta2e, it must rest on other logs

in a stable manner and must eHtend beyond the sta2e, bun2, bolster or standard.

637 he center of the highest outside log on each side or end must be below the top of each

sta2e, bun2 or standard.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6&7 Each log that is not held in place by contact with other logs or the sta2es, bun2s, or

standards must be held in place by a tiedown. dditional tiedowns or securement devices

must be used when the condition of the wood results in such low friction between logs that

they are li2ely to slip upon each other.

6d7 -ecurement of shortwood logs loaded crosswise on frame, rail and flatbed vehicles. ;n

addition to the re0uirements of paragraphs 6b7 and 6c7 of this section, each stac2 of logsloaded crosswise must meet the following rules=

617 ;n no case may the end of a log in the lower tier eHtend more than onethird of the logs

total length beyond the nearest supporting structure on the vehicle.

6(7 Ihen only one stac2 of shortwood is loaded crosswise, it must be secured with at least

two tiedowns. he tiedowns must attach to the vehicle frame at the front and rear of the

load, and must cross the load in this direction.

637 Ihen two tiedowns are used, they must be positioned at approHimately onethird and

twothirds of the length of the logs.

6&7 vehicle that is more than 1! meters 633 feet7 long must be e0uipped with center

sta2es, or comparable devices, to divide it into sections approHimately e0ual in length.Ihere a vehicle is so divided, each tiedown must secure the highest log on each side of the

center sta2e, and must be fastened below these logs. ;t may be fiHed at each end and

tensioned from the middle, or fiHed in the middle and tensioned from each end, or it may

pass through a pulley or e0uivalent device in the middle and be tensioned from one end.

657 ny structure or sta2e that is sub*ected to an upward force when the tiedowns are

tensioned must be anchored to resist that force.

6%7 ;f two stac2s of shortwood are loaded sidebyside, in addition to meeting the

re0uirements of paragraphs 6d7617 through 6d7657 of this section, they must be loaded so

that=

6i7 here is no space between the two stac2s of logs>

6ii7 he outside of each stac2 is raised at least (.5 cm 61 in7 within 1! cm 6& in7 of the end

of the logs or the side of the vehicle>

6iii7 he highest log is no more than (.&& m 6 ft7 above the dec2> and

6iv7 t least one tiedown is used lengthwise across each stac2 of logs.

6e7 -ecurement of logs loaded lengthwise on flatbed and frame vehiclesC617 -hortwood. ;n

addition to meeting the re0uirements of paragraphs 6b7 and 6c7 of this section, each stac2 of

shortwood loaded lengthwise on a frame vehicle or on a flatbed must be cradled in a bun2

unit or contained by sta2es and

6i7 -ecured to the vehicle by at least two tiedowns, or

6ii7 ;f all the logs in any stac2 are bloc2ed in the front by a frontend structure strong

enough to restrain the load, or by another stac2 of logs, and bloc2ed in the rear by anotherstac2 of logs or vehicle end structure, the stac2 may be secured with one tiedown. ;f one

tiedown is used, it must be positioned about midway between the sta2es, or

6iii7 De bound by at least two tiedowntype devices such as wire rope, used as wrappers that

encircle the entire load at locations along the load that provide effective securement. ;f

wrappers are being used to bundle the logs together, the wrappers are not re0uired to be

attached to the vehicle.

6(7 Kongwood. Kongwood must be cradled in two or more bun2s and must either=

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6i7 De secured to the vehicle by at least two tiedowns at locations that provide effective

securement, or

6ii7 De bound by at least two tiedowntype devices, such as wire rope, used as wrappers

that encircle the entire load at locations along the load that provide effective securement. ;f

a wrapper6s7 is being used to bundle the logs together, the wrapper is not re0uired to be

attached to the vehicle.6f7 -ecurement of logs transported on pole trailers. 617 he load must be secured by at least

one tiedown at each bun2, or alternatively, by at least two tiedowns used as wrappers that

encircle the entire load at locations along the load that provide effective securement.

6(7 he front and rear wrappers must be at least 3.!& meters 61! feet7 apart.

637 Karge diameter single and double log loads must be immobili4ed with choc2 bloc2s or

other e0uivalent means to prevent shifting.

6&7 Karge diameter logs that rise above bun2s must be secured to the underlying load with

at least two additional wrappers.


§ 393.11: hat are the rules for securing dressed lu,beror si,ilar building products(

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section apply to the transportation of bundles of dressed

lumber, pac2aged lumber, building products such as plywood, gypsum board or other

materials of similar shape. Kumber or building products which are not bundled or pac2aged

must be treated as loose items and transported in accordance with BB 3$3.1!! through

3$3.11& of this subpart. For the purpose of this section, ?bundle@ refers to pac2ages of

lumber, building materials or similar products which are uniti4ed for securement as a singlearticle of cargo.

6b7 Aositioning of bundles. Dundles must be placed side by side in direct contact with each

other, or a means must be provided to prevent bundles from shifting towards each other.

6c7 -ecurement of bundles transported using no more than one tier. Dundles carried on one

tier must be secured in accordance with the general provisions of BB 3$3.1!! through

3$3.11&.

6d7 -ecurement of bundles transported using more than one tier. Dundles carried in more

than one tier must be either=

617 Dloc2ed against lateral movement by sta2es on the sides of the vehicle and secured by

tiedowns laid out over the top tier, as outlined in the general provisions of BB 3$3.1!!through 3$3.11&> or

6(7 Restrained from lateral movement by bloc2ing or high friction devices between tiers and

secured by tiedowns laid out over the top tier, as outlined in the general provisions of BB

3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&> or

637 Alaced directly on top of other bundles or on spacers and secured in accordance with the

following=

6i7 he length of spacers between bundles must provide support to all pieces in the bottom

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


row of the bundle.

6ii7 he width of individual spacers must be e0ual to or greater than the height.

6iii7 ;f spacers are comprised of layers of material, the layers must be uniti4ed or fastened

together in a manner which ensures that the spacer performs as a single piece of material.

6iv7 he arrangement of the tiedowns for the bundles must be=

67 -ecured by tiedowns over the top tier of bundles, in accordance with the generalprovisions of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11& with a minimum of two tiedowns for bundles

longer than 1.5( meters 65 ft7> and

6D7 -ecured by tiedowns as follows=

617 ;f there are 3 tiers, the middle and top bundles must be secured by tiedowns in

accordance with the general provisions of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&> or

6(76i7 ;f there are more than 3 tiers, then one of the middle bundles and the top bundle

must be secured by tiedown devices in accordance with the general provision of BB 3$3.1!!

through 3$3.11&, and the maHimum height for the middle tier that must be secured may

not eHceed % feet above the dec2 of the trailer> or

6ii7 <therwise, the second tier from the bottom must be secured in accordance with thegeneral provisions of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&> or

6&7 -ecured by tiedowns over each tier of bundles, in accordance with BB 3$3.1!! through

3$3.11& using a minimum of two tiedowns over each of the top bundles longer than 1.5(

meters 65 ft7, in all circumstances> or

6e7 Ihen loaded in a sided vehicle or container of ade0uate strength, dressed lumber or

similar building products may be secured in accordance with the general provisions of BB

3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&.

Citation: [%" FR %1((5, -ept. (", (!!(, as amended at "1 FR 353&, 'une ((, (!!%> "

FR 5&&, -ept. (&, (!13)

§ 393.12: hat are the rules for securing ,etal coils(

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section apply to the transportation of one or more metal

coils which, individually or grouped together, weigh ((% 2g 65!!! pounds7 or more.

-hipments of metal coils that weigh less than ((% 2g 65!!! pounds7 may be secured in

accordance with the provisions of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&.

6b7 -ecurement of coils transported with eyes vertical on a flatbed vehicle, in a sided vehicle

or in an intermodal container with anchor pointsC617 n individual coil. Each coil must be

secured by tiedowns arranged in a manner to prevent the coils from tipping in the forward,

rearward, and lateral directions. he restraint system must include the following=

6i7 t least one tiedown attached diagonally from the left side of the vehicle or intermodal

container 6near the forwardmost part of the coil7, across the eye of the coil, to the right side

of the vehicle or intermodal container 6near the rearmost part of the coil7>

6ii7 t least one tiedown attached diagonally from the right side of the vehicle or intermodal

container 6near the forwardmost part of the coil7, across the eye of the coil, to the left side

of the vehicle or intermodal container 6near the rearmost part of the coil7>

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6iii7 t least one tiedown attached transversely over the eye of the coil> and

6iv7 Either bloc2ing and bracing, friction mats or tiedowns to prevent longitudinal movement

in the forward direction.

6(7 oils grouped in rows. Ihen coils are grouped and loaded side by side in a transverse or

longitudinal row, then each row of coils must be secured by the following=

6i7 t least one tiedown attached to the front of the row of coils, restraining against forwardmotion, and whenever practicable, ma2ing an angle no more than &5 degrees with the floor

of the vehicle or intermodal container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or

container>

6ii7 t least one tiedown attached to the rear of the row of coils, restraining against

rearward motion, and whenever practicable, ma2ing an angle no more than &5 degrees with

the floor of the vehicle or intermodal container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or

container>

6iii7 t least one tiedown over the top of each coil or transverse row of coils, restraining

against vertical motion. iedowns going over the top of a coil6s7 must be as close as

practicable to the eye of the coil and positioned to prevent the tiedown from slipping orbecoming unintentionally unfastened while the vehicle is in transit> and

6iv7 iedowns must be arranged to prevent shifting or tipping in the forward, rearward and

lateral directions.

6c7 -ecurement of coils transported with eyes crosswise on a flatbed vehicle, in a sided

vehicle or in an intermodal container with anchor pointsC617 n individual coil. Each coil

must be secured by the following=

6i7 means 6e.g., timbers, choc2s or wedges, a cradle, etc.7 to prevent the coil from rolling.

he means of preventing rolling must support the coil off the dec2, and must not be capable

of becoming unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in transit. ;f timbers,

choc2s or wedges are used, they must be held in place by coil bun2s or similar devices to

prevent them from coming loose. he use of nailed bloc2ing or cleats as the sole means to

secure timbers, choc2s or wedges, or a nailed wood cradle, is prohibited>

6ii7 t least one tiedown through its eye, restricting against forward motion, and whenever

practicable, ma2ing an angle no more than &5 degrees with the floor of the vehicle or

intermodal container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or container> and

6iii7 t least one tiedown through its eye, restricting against rearward motion, and whenever


intermodal container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or container.

6(7 Arohibition on crossing of tiedowns when coils are transported with eyes crosswise.

ttaching tiedowns diagonally through the eye of a coil to form an Tpattern when viewed

from above the vehicle is prohibited.6d7 -ecurement of coils transported with eyes lengthwise on a flatbed vehicle, in a sided

vehicle or in an intermodal container with anchor pointsC617 n individual coiloption 1.

Each coil must be secured by=





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx




6ii7 t least one tiedown attached diagonally through its eye from the left side of the vehicle

or intermodal container 6near the forwardmost part of the coil7, to the right side of the

vehicle or intermodal container 6near the rearmost part of the coil7, ma2ing an angle no

more than &5 degrees, whenever practicable, with the floor of the vehicle or intermodalcontainer when viewed from the side of the vehicle or container>

6iii7 t least one tiedown attached diagonally through its eye, from the right side of the

vehicle or intermodal container 6near the forwardmost part of the coil7, to the left side of

the vehicle or intermodal container 6near the rearmost part of the coil7, ma2ing an angle no

more than &5 degrees, whenever practicable, with the floor of the vehicle or intermodal

container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or container>

6iv7 t least one tiedown attached transversely over the top of the coil> and

6v7 Either bloc2ing or friction mats to prevent longitudinal movement.

6(7 n individual coilCoption (. Each coil must be secured by=

6i7 means 6e.g., timbers, choc2s or wedges, a cradle, etc.7 to prevent the coil from rolling.he means of preventing rolling must support the coil off the dec2, and must not be capable





6ii7 t least one tiedown attached straight through its eye from the left side of the vehicle or

intermodal container 6near the forwardmost part of the coil7, to the left side of the vehicle

or intermodal container 6near the rearmost part of the coil7, and, whenever practicable,

ma2ing an angle no more than &5 degrees with the floor of the vehicle or intermodal

container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or container>

6iii7 t least one tiedown attached straight through its eye, from the right side of the vehicle

or intermodal container 6near the forwardmost part of the coil7, to the right side of the

vehicle or intermodal container 6near the rearmost part of the coil7, and whenever


intermodal container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or container>

6iv7 t least one tiedown attached transversely over the top of the coil> and

6v7 Either bloc2ing or friction mats to prevent longitudinal movement.

637 n individual coilCoption 3. Each coil must be secured by=



of becoming unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in transit. ;f timbers,choc2s or wedges are used, they must be held in place by coil bun2s or similar devices to



6ii7 t least one tiedown over the top of the coil, located near the forwardmost part of the

coil>

6iii7 t least one tiedown over the top of the coil located near the rearmost part of the coil>

and

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6iv7 Either bloc2ing or friction mats to prevent longitudinal movement.

6&7 Rows of coils. Each transverse row of coils having approHimately e0ual outside diameters

must be secured with=

6i7 means 6e.g., timbers, choc2s or wedges, a cradle, etc.7 to prevent each coil in the row

of coils from rolling. he means of preventing rolling must support each coil off the dec2,

and must not be capable of becoming unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicleis in transit. ;f timbers, choc2s or wedges are used, they must be held in place by coil bun2s

or similar devices to prevent them from coming loose. he use of nailed bloc2ing or cleats

as the sole means to secure timbers, choc2s or wedges, or a nailed wood cradle, is

prohibited>

6ii7 t least one tiedown over the top of each coil or transverse row, located near the

forwardmost part of the coil>

6iii7 t least one tiedown over the top of each coil or transverse row, located near the

rearmost part of the coil> and

6iv7 Either bloc2ing, bracing or friction mats to prevent longitudinal movement.

6e7 -ecurement of coils transported in a sided vehicle without anchor points or anintermodal container without anchor points. #etal coils transported in a vehicle with sides

without anchor points or an intermodal container without anchor points must be loaded in a

manner to prevent shifting and tipping. he coils may also be secured using a system of

bloc2ing and bracing, friction mats, tiedowns, or a combination of these to prevent any

hori4ontal movement and tipping.

Citation: [%" FR %1((5, -ept. (", (!!(, as amended at " FR 5&&, -ept. (&, (!13)

§ 393.122: hat are the rules for securing paper rolls(

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section apply to shipments of paper rolls which,

individually or together, weigh ((% 2g 65!!! lb7 or more. -hipments of paper rolls that

weigh less than ((% 2g 65!!! lb7, and paper rolls that are uniti4ed on a pallet, may either

be secured in accordance with the rules in this section or the re0uirements of BB 3$3.1!!

through 3$3.11&.

6b7 -ecurement of paper rolls transported with eyes vertical in a sided vehicle. 617 Aaper

rolls must be placed tightly against the walls of the vehicle, other paper rolls, or other

cargo, to prevent movement during transit.

6(7 ;f there are not enough paper rolls in the shipment to reach the walls of the vehicle,

lateral movement must be prevented by filling the void, bloc2ing, bracing, tiedowns or

friction mats. he paper rolls may also be banded together.

637 Ihen any void behind a group of paper rolls, including that at the rear of the vehicle,

eHceeds the diameter of the paper rolls, rearward movement must be prevented by friction

mats, bloc2ing, bracing, tiedowns, or banding to other rolls.

6&76i7 ;f a paper roll is not prevented from tipping or falling sideways or rearwards by vehicle

structure or other cargo, and its width is more than ( times its diameter, it must be

prevented from tipping or falling by banding it to other rolls, bracing, or tiedowns.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6ii7 ;f the forwardmost roll6s7 in a group of paper rolls has a width greater than 1."5 times

its diameter and it is not prevented from tipping or falling forwards by vehicle structure or

other cargo, then it must be prevented from tipping or falling forwards by banding it to

other rolls, bracing, or tiedowns.

6iii7 ;f the forwardmost roll6s7 in a group of paper rolls has a width e0ual to or less than 1."5

times its diameter, and it is restrained against forward movement by friction mat6s7 alone,then banding, bracing, or tiedowns are not re0uired to prevent tipping or falling forwards.

6iv7 ;f a paper roll or the forwardmost roll in a group of paper rolls has a width greater than

1.(5 times its diameter, and it is not prevented from tipping or falling forwards by vehicle

structure or other cargo, and it is not restrained against forward movement by friction

mat6s7 alone, then it must be prevented from tipping or falling by banding it to other rolls,

bracing or tiedowns.

657 ;f paper rolls are banded together, the rolls must be placed tightly against each other to

form a stable group. he bands must be applied tightly, and must be secured so that they

cannot fall off the rolls or to the dec2.

6%7 friction mat used to provide the principal securement for a paper roll must protrudefrom beneath the roll in the direction in which it is providing that securement.

6c7 -ecurement of split loads of paper rolls transported with eyes vertical in a sided vehicle.

617 ;f a paper roll in a split load is not prevented from forward movement by vehicle

structure or other cargo, it must be prevented from forward movement by filling the open

space, or by bloc2ing, bracing, tiedowns, friction mats, or some combination of these.

6(7 friction mat used to provide the principal securement for a paper roll must protrude

from beneath the roll in the direction in which it is providing that securement.

6d7 -ecurement of stac2ed loads of paper rolls transported with eyes vertical in a sided

vehicle. 617 Aaper rolls must not be loaded on a layer of paper rolls beneath unless the lower

layer eHtends to the front of the vehicle.

6(7 Aaper rolls in the second and subse0uent layers must be prevented from forward,

rearward or lateral movement by means as allowed for the bottom layer, or by use of a

bloc2ing roll from a lower layer.

637 he bloc2ing roll must be at least 3 mm 61.5 in7 taller than other rolls, or must be

raised at least 3 mm 61.5 in7 using dunnage.

6&7 roll in the rearmost row of any layer raised using dunnage may not be secured by

friction mats alone.

6e7 -ecurement of paper rolls transported with eyes crosswise in a sided vehicle. 617 he

paper rolls must be prevented from rolling or shifting longitudinally by contact with vehicle

structure or other cargo, by choc2s, wedges or bloc2ing and bracing of ade0uate si4e, or by

tiedowns.6(7 hoc2s, wedges or bloc2ing must be held securely in place by some means in addition to

friction, so they cannot become unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in

transit.

637 he rearmost roll must not be secured using the rear doors of the vehicle or intermodal

container, or by bloc2ing held in place by those doors.

6&7 ;f there is more than a total of (!3 mm 6 in7 of space between the ends of a paper roll,

or a row of rolls, and the walls of the vehicle, void fillers, bloc2ing, bracing, friction mats, or

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


tiedowns must be used to prevent the roll from shifting towards either wall.

6f7 -ecurement of stac2ed loads of paper rolls transported with eyes crosswise in a sided

vehicle. 617 Rolls must not be loaded in a second layer unless the bottom layer eHtends to

the front of the vehicle.

6(7 Rolls must not be loaded in a third or higher layer unless all wells in the layer beneath

are filled.637 he foremost roll in each upper layer, or any roll with an empty well in front of it, must

be secured against forward movement by=

6i7 Danding it to other rolls, or

6ii7 Dloc2ing against an ade0uately secured eyevertical bloc2ing roll resting on the floor of

the vehicle which is at least 1.5 times taller than the diameter of the roll being bloc2ed, or

6iii7 Alacing it in a well formed by two rolls on the lower row whose diameter is e0ual to or

greater than that of the roll on the upper row.

6&7 he rearmost roll in each upper layer must be secured by banding it to other rolls if it is

located in either of the last two wells formed by the rearmost rolls in the layer below.

657 Rolls must be secured against lateral movement by the same means allowed for thebottom layer when there is more than a total of (!3 mm 6 in7 of space between the ends

of a paper roll, or a row of rolls, and the walls of the vehicle.

6g7 -ecurement of paper rolls transported with the eyes lengthwise in a sided vehicle. 617

Each roll must be prevented from forward movement by contact with vehicle structure,

other cargo, bloc2ing or tiedowns.

6(7 Each roll must be prevented from rearward movement by contact with other cargo,

bloc2ing, friction mats or tiedowns.

637 he paper rolls must be prevented from rolling or shifting laterally by contact with the

wall of the vehicle or other cargo, or by choc2s, wedges or bloc2ing of ade0uate si4e.

6&7 hoc2s, wedges or bloc2ing must be held securely in place by some means in addition to

friction, so they cannot become unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in

transit.

6h7 -ecurement of stac2ed loads of paper rolls transported with the eyes lengthwise in a

sided vehicle. 617 Rolls must not be loaded in a higher layer if another roll will fit in the layer

beneath.

6(7 n upper layer must be formed by placing paper rolls in the wells formed by the rolls

beneath.

637 roll in an upper layer must be secured against forward and rearward movement by

any of the means allowed for the bottom layer, by use of a bloc2ing roll, or by banding to

other rolls.

6i7 -ecurement of paper rolls transported on a flatbed vehicle or in a curtainsided vehicleC617 Aaper rolls with eyes vertical or with eyes lengthwise. 6i7 he paper rolls must be loaded

and secured as described for a sided vehicle, and the entire load must be secured by

tiedowns in accordance with the re0uirements of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&.

6ii7 -tac2ed loads of paper rolls with eyes vertical are prohibited.

6(7 Aaper rolls with eyes crosswise. 6i7 he paper rolls must be prevented from rolling or

shifting longitudinally by contact with vehicle structure or other cargo, by choc2s, wedges or

bloc2ing and bracing of ade0uate si4e, or by tiedowns.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6ii7 hoc2s, wedges or bloc2ing must be held securely in place by some means in addition to

friction so that they cannot become unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is

in transit.

6iii7 iedowns must be used in accordance with the re0uirements of BB 3$3.1!! through

3$3.11& to prevent lateral movement.

Citation: [%" FR %1((5, -ept. (", (!!(, as amended at "1 FR 353&, 'une ((, (!!%)

§ 393.12): hat are the rules for securing concrete pipe(

6a7 pplicability. 617 he rules in this section apply to the transportation of concrete pipe on

flatbed trailers and vehicles, and lowboy trailers.

6(7 oncrete pipe bundled tightly together into a single rigid article that has no tendency to

roll, and concrete pipe loaded in a sided vehicle or container must be secured in accordance

with the provisions of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&.

6b7 Jeneral specifications for tiedowns. 617 he aggregate wor2ing load limit of all tiedowns

on any group of pipes must not be less than half the total weight of all the pipes in the

group.

6(7 transverse tiedown through a pipe on an upper tier or over longitudinal tiedowns is

considered to secure all those pipes beneath on which that tiedown causes pressure.

6c7 Dloc2ing. 617 Dloc2ing may be one or more pieces placed symmetrically about the center

of a pipe.

6(7 <ne piece must eHtend at least half the distance from the center to each end of the

pipe, and two pieces must be placed on the opposite side, one at each end of the pipe.

637 Dloc2ing must be placed firmly against the pipe, and must be secured to prevent it

moving out from under the pipe.6&7 imber bloc2ing must have minimum dimensions of at least 1! W 15 cm 6& W % in7.

6d7 rranging the loadC617 Aipe of different diameter. ;f pipe of more than one diameter are

loaded on a vehicle, groups must be formed that consist of pipe of only one si4e, and each

group must be separately secured.

6(7 rranging a bottom tier. he bottom tier must be arranged to cover the full length of the

vehicle, or as a partial tier in one group or two groups.

637 rranging an upper tier. Aipe must be placed only in the wells formed by ad*acent pipes

in the tier beneath. third or higher tier must not be started unless all wells in the tier

beneath are filled.

6&7 rranging the top tier. he top tier must be arranged as a complete tier, a partial tier in

one group, or a partial tier in two groups.

657 rranging bell pipe. 6i7 Dell pipe must be loaded on at least two longitudinal spacers of

sufficient height to ensure that the bell is clear of the dec2.

6ii7 Dell pipe loaded in one tier must have the bells alternating on opposite sides of the

vehicle.

6iii7 he ends of consecutive pipe must be staggered, if possible, within the allowable width,

otherwise they must be aligned.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


6iv7 Dell pipe loaded in more than one tier must have the bells of the bottom tier all on the

same side of the vehicle.

6v7 Aipe in every upper tier must be loaded with bells on the opposite side of the vehicle to

the bells of the tier below.

6vi7 ;f the second tier is not complete, pipe in the bottom tier which do not support a pipe

above must have their bells alternating on opposite sides of the vehicle.6e7 -ecuring pipe with an inside diameter up to 1,1&3 mm 6&5 in7. ;n addition to the

re0uirements of paragraphs 6b7, 6c7 and 6d7 of this section, the following rules must be

satisfied=

617 -tabili4ing the bottom tier. 6i7 he bottom tier must be immobili4ed longitudinally at

each end by bloc2ing, vehicle end structure, sta2es, a loc2ed pipe unloader, or other

e0uivalent means.

6ii7 <ther pipe in the bottom tier may also be held in place by bloc2s andor wedges> and

6iii7 Every pipe in the bottom tier must also be held firmly in contact with the ad*acent pipe

by tiedowns though the front and rear pipes=

67 t least one tiedown through the front pipe of the bottom tier must run aft at an anglenot more than &5 degrees with the hori4ontal, whenever practicable.

6D7 t least one tiedown through the rear pipe of the bottom tier must run forward at an

angle not more than &5 degrees with the hori4ontal, whenever practicable.

6(7 8se of tiedowns. 6i7 Each pipe may be secured individually with tiedowns through the

pipe.

6ii7 ;f each pipe is not secured individually with a tiedown, then=

67 Either one 1(inch diameter chain or wire rope, or two 3inch diameter chain or wire

rope, must be placed longitudinally over the group of pipes>

6D7 <ne transverse tiedown must be used for every 3.!& m 61! ft7 of load length. he

transverse tiedowns may be placed through a pipe, or over both longitudinal tiedowns

between two pipes on the top tier>

67 ;f the first pipe of a group in the top tier is not placed in the first well formed by pipes at

the front of the tier beneath, it must be secured by an additional tiedown that runs rearward

at an angle not more than &5 degrees to the hori4ontal, whenever practicable. his tiedown

must pass either through the front pipe of the upper tier, or outside it and over both

longitudinal tiedowns> and

67 ;f the last pipe of a group in the top tier is not placed in the last well formed by pipes at

the rear of the tier beneath, it must be secured by an additional tiedown that runs forward

at an angle not more than &5 degrees to the hori4ontal, whenever practicable. his tiedown

must pass either through the rear pipe of the upper tier or outside it and over both

longitudinal tiedowns.6f7 -ecuring large pipe, with an inside diameter over 11&3 mm 6&5 in7. ;n addition to the

re0uirements of paragraphs 6b7, 6c7 and 6d7 of this section, the following rules must be

satisfied=

617 he front pipe and the rear pipe must be immobili4ed by bloc2ing, wedges, vehicle end

structure, sta2es, loc2ed pipe unloader, or other e0uivalent means.

6(7 Each pipe must be secured by tiedowns through the pipe=

6i7 t least one tiedown through each pipe in the front half of the load, which includes the

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


middle one if there is an odd number, and must run rearward at an angle not more than &5

degrees with the hori4ontal, whenever practicable>

6ii7 t least one tiedown through each pipe in the rear half of the load, and must run

forward at an angle not more than &5 degrees with the hori4ontal, whenever practicable, to

hold each pipe firmly in contact with ad*acent pipe> and

6iii7 ;f the front or rear pipe is not also in contact with vehicle end structure, sta2es, a loc2edpipe unloader, or other e0uivalent means, at least two tiedowns positioned as described in

paragraphs 6f76(76i7 and 6ii7 of this section, must be used through that pipe.

637 ;f only one pipe is transported, or if several pipes are transported without contact

between other pipes, the re0uirements in this paragraph apply to each pipe as a single front

and rear article.


§ 393.125: hat are the rules for securing inter,odal

containers(

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section apply to the transportation of intermodal

containers. argo contained within an intermodal container must be secured in accordance

with the provisions of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11& or, if applicable, the commodity specific

rules of this part.

6b7 -ecurement of intermodal containers transported on container chassis vehicle6s7. 617 ll

lower corners of the intermodal container must be secured to the container chassis with

securement devices or integral loc2ing devices that cannot unintentionally become

unfastened while the vehicle is in transit.

6(7 he securement devices must restrain the container from moving more than 1.(" cm61( in7 forward, more than 1.(" cm 61( in7 aft, more than 1.(" cm 61( in7 to the right,

more than 1.(" cm 61( in7 to the left, or more than (.5& cm 61 in7 vertically.

637 he front and rear of the container must be secured independently.

6c7 -ecurement of loaded intermodal containers transported on vehicles other than

container chassis vehicle6s7. 617 ll lower corners of the intermodal container must rest

upon the vehicle, or the corners must be supported by a structure capable of bearing the

weight of the container and that support structure must be independently secured to the

motor vehicle.

6(7 Each container must be secured to the vehicle by=

6i7 hains, wire ropes or integral devices which are fiHed to all lower corners> or6ii7 rossed chains which are fiHed to all upper corners> and,

637 he front and rear of the container must be secured independently. Each chain, wire

rope, or integral loc2ing device must be attached to the container in a manner that prevents

it from being unintentionally unfastened while the vehicle is in transit.

6d7 -ecurement of empty intermodal containers transported on vehicles other than

container chassis vehicle6s7. Empty intermodal containers transported on vehicles other

than container chassis vehicles do not have to have all lower corners of the intermodal

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


container resting upon the vehicle, or have all lower corners supported by a structure

capable of bearing the weight of the empty container, provided=

617 he empty intermodal container is balanced and positioned on the vehicle in a manner

such that the container is stable before the addition of tiedowns or other securement

e0uipment> and,

6(7 he amount of overhang for the empty container on the trailer does not eHceed five feeton either the front or rear of the trailer>

637 he empty intermodal container must not interfere with the vehicles maneuverability>

and,

6&7 he empty intermodal container is secured to prevent lateral, longitudinal, or vertical

shifting.


§ 393.12: hat are the rules for securing auto,obiles

light truc<s and !ans(

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section apply to the transportation of automobiles, light

truc2s, and vans which individually weigh &,53% 2g. 61!,!!! lb7 or less. :ehicles which

individually are heavier than &,53% 2g 61!,!!! lb7 must be secured in accordance with the

provisions of B 3$3.13! of this part.

6b7 -ecurement of automobiles, light truc2s, and vans. 617 utomobiles, light truc2s, and

vans must be restrained at both the front and rear to prevent lateral, forward, rearward,

and vertical movement using a minimum of two tiedowns.

6(7 iedowns that are designed to be affiHed to the structure of the automobile, light truc2,

or van must use the mounting points on those vehicles that have been specifically designedfor that purpose.

637 iedowns that are designed to fit over or around the wheels of an automobile, light

truc2, or van must provide restraint in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions.

6&7 Edge protectors are not re0uired for synthetic webbing at points where the webbing

comes in contact with the tires.

§ 393.13: hat are the rules for securing hea!$ !ehicleseuip,ent and ,achiner$(

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section apply to the transportation of heavy vehicles,

e0uipment and machinery which operate on wheels or trac2s, such as front end loaders,

bulldo4ers, tractors, and power shovels and which individually weigh &,53% 2g 61!,!!! lb.7

or more. :ehicles, e0uipment and machinery which is lighter than &,53% 2g 61!,!!! lb.7

may also be secured in accordance with the provisions of this section, with B 3$3.1(, or in

accordance with the provisions of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&.

6b7 Areparation of e0uipment being transported. 617 ccessory e0uipment, such as hydraulic

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


shovels, must be completely lowered and secured to the vehicle.

6(7 rticulated vehicles shall be restrained in a manner that prevents articulation while in

transit.

6c7 -ecurement of heavy vehicles, e0uipment or machinery with crawler trac2s or wheels.

617 ;n addition to the re0uirements of paragraph 6b7 of this section, heavy e0uipment or

machinery with crawler trac2s or wheels must be restrained against movement in thelateral, forward, rearward, and vertical direction using a minimum of four tiedowns.

6(7 Each of the tiedowns must be affiHed as close as practicable to the front and rear of the

vehicle, or mounting points on the vehicle that have been specifically designed for that

purpose.

§ 393.132: hat are the rules for securing flattened orcrushed !ehicles(

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section apply to the transportation of vehicles such as

automobiles, light truc2s, and vans that have been flattened or crushed.

6b7 Arohibition on the use of synthetic webbing. he use of synthetic webbing to secure

flattened or crushed vehicles is prohibited eHcept that such webbing may be used to connect

wire rope or chain to anchor points on the commercial motor vehicle. +owever, the webbing

6regardless of whether edge protection is used7 must not come into contact with the

flattened or crushed cars.

6c7 -ecurement of flattened or crushed vehicles. Flattened or crushed vehicles must be

transported on vehicles which have=

617 ontainment walls or comparable means on four sides which eHtend to the full height of

the load and which bloc2 against movement of the cargo in the forward, rearward and

lateral directions> or6(76i7 ontainment walls or comparable means on three sides which eHtend to the full height

of the load and which bloc2 against movement of the cargo in the direction for which there

is a containment wall or comparable means, and

6ii7 minimum of two tiedowns are re0uired per vehicle stac2> or

6376i7 ontainment walls on two sides which eHtend to the full height of the load and which

bloc2 against movement of the cargo in the forward and rearward directions, and

6ii7 minimum of three tiedowns are re0uired per vehicle stac2> or

6&7 minimum of four tiedowns per vehicle stac2.

657 ;n addition to the re0uirements of paragraphs 6c76(7, 637, and 6&7, the following rules

must be satisfied=

6i7 :ehicles used to transport flattened or crushed vehicles must be e0uipped with a means

to prevent li0uids from lea2ing from the bottom of the vehicle, and loose parts from falling

from the bottom and all four sides of the vehicle eHtending to the full height of the cargo.

6ii7 he means used to contain loose parts may consist of structural walls, sides or

sideboards, or suitable covering material, alone or in combinations.

6iii7 he use of synthetic material for containment of loose parts is permitted.

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx



§ 393.13): hat are the rules for securing rollon0rolloffor hoo< lift containers(

6a7 pplicability. he rules in this section apply to the transportation of rollonrolloff or

hoo2 lift containers.

6b7 -ecurement of a rollonrolloff and hoo2 lift container. Each rollonrolloff and hoo2 lift

container carried on a vehicle which is not e0uipped with an integral securement system

must be=

617 Dloc2ed against forward movement by the lifting device, stops, a combination of both or

other suitable restraint mechanism>

6(7 -ecured to the front of the vehicle by the lifting device or other suitable restraint against

lateral and vertical movement>

637 -ecured to the rear of the vehicle with at least one of the following mechanisms=

6i7 <ne tiedown attached to both the vehicle chassis and the container chassis>

6ii7 wo tiedowns installed lengthwise, each securing one side of the container to one of the

vehicles side rails> or

6iii7 wo hoo2s, or an e0uivalent mechanism, securing both sides of the container to the

vehicle chassis at least as effectively as the tiedowns in the two previous items.

6&7 he mechanisms used to secure the rear end of a rollonroll off or hoo2 lift container

must be installed no more than two meters 6% ft " in7 from the rear of the container.

657 ;n the event that one or more of the front stops or lifting devices are missing, damaged

or not compatible, additional manually installed tiedowns must be used to secure the

container to the vehicle, providing the same level of securement as the missing, damaged or

incompatible components.

§ 393.135: hat are the rules for securing large boulders(

6a7 pplicability. 617 he rules in this section are applicable to the transportation of any

large piece of natural, irregularly shaped roc2 weighing in eHcess of 5,!!! 2g 611,!!! lb.7 or

with a volume in eHcess of ( cubicmeters on an open vehicle, or in a vehicle whose sides

are not designed and rated to contain such cargo.

6(7 Aieces of roc2 weighing more than 1!! 2g 6((! lb.7, but less than 5,!!! 2g 611,!!! lb.7

must be secured, either in accordance with this section, or in accordance with the provisions

of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&, including=6i7 Roc2 contained within a vehicle which is designed to carry such cargo> or

6ii7 -ecured individually by tiedowns, provided each piece can be stabili4ed and ade0uately

secured.

637 Roc2 which has been formed or cut to a shape and which provides a stable base for

securement must also be secured, either in accordance with the provisions of this section,

or in accordance with the provisions of BB 3$3.1!! through 3$3.11&.

6b7 Jeneral re0uirements for the positioning of boulders on the vehicle. 617 Each boulder

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


must be placed with its flattest andor largest side down.

6(7 Each boulder must be supported on at least two pieces of hardwood bloc2ing at least 1!

cm W 1! cm 6& inches W & inches7 side dimensions eHtending the full width of the boulder.

637 +ardwood bloc2ing pieces must be placed as symmetrically as possible under the

boulder and should support at least threefourths of the length of the boulder.

6&7 ;f the flattest side of a boulder is rounded or partially rounded, so that the boulder mayroll, it must be placed in a crib made of hardwood timber fiHed to the dec2 of the vehicle so

that the boulder rests on both the dec2 and the timber, with at least three wellseparated

points of contact that prevent its tendency to roll in any direction.

657 ;f a boulder is tapered, the narrowest end must point towards the front of the vehicle.

6c7 Jeneral tiedown re0uirements. 617 <nly chain may be used as tiedowns to secure large

boulders.

6(7 iedowns which are in direct contact with the boulder should, where possible, be located

in valleys or notches across the top of the boulder, and must be arranged to prevent sliding

across the roc2 surface.

6d7 -ecurement of a cubic shaped boulder. ;n addition to the re0uirements of paragraphs 6b7and 6c7 of this section, the following rules must be satisfied=

617 Each boulder must be secured individually with at least two chain tiedowns placed

transversely across the vehicle.

6(7 he aggregate wor2ing load limit of the tiedowns must be at least half the weight of the

boulder.

637 he tiedowns must be placed as closely as possible to the wood bloc2ing used to support

the boulder.

6e7 -ecurement of a noncubic shaped boulderCwith a stable base. ;n addition to the

re0uirements of paragraphs 6b7 and 6c7 of this section, the following rules must be satisfied=

617 he boulder must be secured individually with at least two chain tiedowns forming an

?T@ pattern over the boulder.

6(7 he aggregate wor2ing load limit of the tiedowns must be at least half the weight of the

boulder.

637 he tiedowns must pass over the center of the boulder and must be attached to each

other at the intersection by a shac2le or other connecting device.

6f7 -ecurement of a noncubic shaped boulderCwith an unstable base. ;n addition to the

re0uirements of paragraphs 6b7 and 6c7 of this section, each boulder must be secured by a

combination of chain tiedowns as follows=

617 <ne chain must surround the top of the boulder 6at a point between onehalf and two

thirds of its height7. he wor2ing load limit of the chain must be at least half the weight of

the boulder.6(7 Four chains must be attached to the surrounding chain and the vehicle to form a

bloc2ing mechanism which prevents any hori4ontal movement. Each chain must have a

wor2ing load limit of at least onefourth the weight of the boulder. Ihenever practicable,

the angle of the chains must not eHceed &5 degrees from the hori4ontal.


7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


§ 393.21: "ra,es.

Section

6a7 he frame or chassis of each commercial motor vehicle shall not be crac2ed, loose,

sagging or bro2en.

6b7 Dolts or brac2ets securing the cab or the body of the vehicle to the frame must not be

loose, bro2en, or missing.

6c7 he frame rail flanges between the aHles shall not be bent, cut or notched, eHcept as

specified by the manufacturer.

6d7 Aarts and accessories shall not be welded to the frame or chassis of a commercial motor

vehicle eHcept in accordance with the vehicle manufacturers recommendations. ny welded

repair of the frame must also be in accordance with the vehicle manufacturers

recommendations.

6e7 /o holes shall be drilled in the top or bottom rail flanges, eHcept as specified by themanufacturer.

Citation: [53 FR &$&!(, ec. ", 1$, as amended at "! FR &!55, ug. 15, (!!5)

Guidance

Question 1: Are cross ,e,bers of Co,,ercial #otor =ehicle &C#='s considered

part of the fra,e(

Guidance: Nes.

§ 393.23: Cab and bod$ co,ponents.

6a7 he cab compartment doors or door parts used as an entrance or eHit shall not be

missing or bro2en. oors shall not sag so that they cannot be properly opened or closed. /o

door shall be wired shut or otherwise secured in the closed position so that it cannot be

readily opened. EHception= Ihen the vehicle is loaded with pipe or bar stoc2 that bloc2s thedoor and the cab has a roof eHit.

6b7 Dolts or brac2ets securing the cab or the body of the vehicle to the frame shall not be

loose, bro2en, or missing.

6c7 he hood must be securely fastened.

6d7 ll seats must be securely mounted.

6e7 he front bumper must not be missing, loosely attached, or protruding beyond the

confines of the vehicle so as to create a ha4ard.





7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


Citation: [53 FR &$&!(, ec. ", 1$, as amended at " FR 5&&, -ept. (&, (!13)

§ 393.2+: heels.

6a7 Iheels and rims shall not be crac2ed or bro2en.

6b7 -tud or bolt holes on the wheels shall shall not be elongated 6out of round7.

6c7 /uts or bolts shall not be missing or loose.

§ 393.27: Suspension s$ste,s.

6a7 Hles. /o aHle positioning part shall be crac2ed, bro2en, loose or missing. ll aHles must

be in proper alignment.

6b7 d*ustable aHles. d*ustable aHle assemblies shall not have loc2ing pins missing or

disengaged.

6c7 Keaf springs. /o leaf spring shall be crac2ed, bro2en, or missing nor shifted out ofposition.

6d7 oil springs. /o coil spring shall be crac2ed or bro2en.

6e7 orsion bar. /o torsion bar or torsion bar suspension shall be crac2ed or bro2en.

6f7 ir suspensions. he air pressure regulator valve shall not allow air into the suspension

system until at least 55 psi is in the bra2ing system. he vehicle shall be level 6not tilting to

the left or right7. ir lea2age shall not be greater than 3 psi in a 5minute time period when

the vehicles air pressure gauge shows normal operating pressure.

6g7 ir suspension eHhaust controls. he air suspension eHhaust controls must not have the

capability to eHhaust air from the suspension system of one aHle of a twoaHle air

suspension trailer unless the controls are either located on the trailer, or the power unit and

trailer combination are not capable of traveling at a speed greater than 1! miles per hour

while the air is eHhausted from the suspension system. his paragraph shall not be

construed to prohibitC

617 evices that could eHhaust air from both aHle systems simultaneously> or

6(7 Kift aHles on multiaHle units.

Citation: [53 FR &$&!(, ec. ", 1$, as amended at "! FR &!55, ug. 15, (!!5)

§ 393.29:

Steering /heel s$ste,s.

6a7 he steering wheel shall be secured and must not have any spo2es crac2ed through or

missing.

6b7 -teering wheel lash. 617 he steering wheel lash shall not eHceed the following

parameters=

7/25/2019 fcmv 8.docx


teering wheel diameter 4anual steering system Power steering system

%'& mm or less !1& inches or less# "1 mm !2 inches# 1' mm !%1% inches#0

%" mm !1 inches# " mm !21% inches# 121 mm !%3% inches#0

%3 mm !1 inches# &' mm !23 inches# 12 mm !" inches#0

"' mm !2' inches# &% mm !212 inches# 133 mm !"1% inches#0

"33 mm !21 inches# & mm !2" inches# 1%' mm !"12 inches#0

"" mm !22 inches# ' mm !23% inches# 1%& mm !"3% inches#0

6(7 For steering wheel diameters not listed in paragraph 6b7617 of this section the steering

wheel lash shall not eHceed 1& degrees angular rotation for manual steering systems and

fcmv 8.docx

Documents