fcwd issue2

8/14/2019 FCWD issue2

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2 cAle6 r.lZt+

[ . . . . . . . YIIOfF,LET'5 [unOll1pUOJff ' I


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COMl,LCO SHAJ:'(E SCANDl,L2 COM.ALCO i\ND THE: BLUFF' SHELTER 19

21 M ~ l ' ROT"D AHEADMANAPOURI-TE ANAU ACT

RIDE

24 \tJHERE HAVE ALL THE FISH ('"oNE?26 IN'I'ERNATIONAL POLLUTION CRIMINAl,S

v-lHAT COLVIT,LCO PAYS

23 THE BEADLE BOYS


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million.To matters worse, while inue toe 4';" per year for NZ, the NZ

Dapartment is contracted for 99 years to supply.to smelter at 'a t a maxI-m rate of less than I% year. ans that by the yearwe st;\no be the smelter by several hundreda would be some comfort inNZcrs were their money into th e pockeh of

NZ owned COrJplwy. Bluff smelter is anything ~ J U t NZ-industrialf 'iJnts, Showa Denko KJC

SumitmlwChemlcJlComp,"lY own 25% e.lch. The other 50


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An aerial viewoltltesmflitet:. The port of Bluff is in the back:ground.Note the alwniJUUnt ingots s t a e k ~ n ~ l I J : the centreof the plant, and the 1:ruil4itlgswhich house the pot lines, ontherlgb!.The 1963 Agreement meant that the NZ ~ o v e m m e n t truction, meant that they were losingmoney and could not pos-would now build the power scheme itself, and would sell power sibly reach their deadlliies for completion. The government ag_ata sPecial rate to COlnalco. In return, the NZ nati9na1grid reed to renegotiate their.contractto take these difficulties intowould be able.to. draw. 200MW from Manapo\.ll! untp 198.6, after account. SitrUlar problems also ar(}se in the construction of thewhi(;h timeComalco couldaslc for it to be handed over. power hOUse, and Costs for the project began to skyrocket. TheThe power scheme was designed by the Betchel Pacific Corp. tunnel, which was expected to cost $32 million in 1964,even.of San Francisco, and they also managed construction. Work 00- tually cost $41 million, and the cost of the WIlmot Pass road

garl on the powerhouse and tailrace tunnel in 1963 amI under a doubled. The overall cost of construction was estimated atvariety ofcontractors. ManpOwer turnover was high and manage-$66 million in 1964 and was revised to $112 million in 19.67.menHabourrelaUons were !.lad. UB to. 22I\ationalitieswere But problems were not confined to the project site; Thew(jIkingon. Hle .site .atone time, atI4 400 East Eur0pean workers government was also having trollbleplanning NZ's own powerwere imported especially. TimShadbolt, in "BllUshit and JeUy- supply. NZ did not hayethe capital resources to [mance the,beans" hlldthis to say, "The excuse \Vas that they were.hardrock Manapouri scheme, and to make a start. on tb.e .Upper Waitaldminers but many of them readily a.dmitted to me thatback in scheme at the same time. But urJess s0l1'lething was done NZEastern Europe they'd been taxi driveri and shop kee;pers Any- would face a shortage of electric power. The PrOblem couldway it didn'ttake too much training to become a reasonably only be got around by speedingupdevelopme/l tatM;mapouricompetent miner for a contract such as ManapOllri - in fact Rod and siphoning off a greater proportion of power from Comalco'sand I were sent do\Vn in a wire baSket to start drilling (the job allowance. This power would be used. for the national. grid. untilof only rlIst class experiencedminers) when wewere only labour- such time as Comalco needed it for the smelter at Bluff. Thiserg aged 16 and .19." borrowing of power would allow the government to delay theThe. contractors onthe. tailralie tunnel were Utah Construct- UpperWaitald scheme by two or three years. New negotiations1011.and.MipingCo of the USA, WiIliamson Construction Ltd of were made with Comalco, and an agreement was reached. UnderChmtchurch, and Burnetf'g Motors Ltd., an Ashl:JUrton transport this agreement, known as the 1966 Amendment, the govem.-firm. They enc()untered such problems that in October 1966 ment was entitled to draw 240 MW of power until Decemberthey gave notice that they would canc.el their contract. TheY 1972, aIld 300 MW until September 1976. After that the corn-claimed that delays caused by labour disputes and water pouring pany could claim its fuU POWer rights and the governmentinto th e tunnel , as w ell as undeMst imat ion of I.costs o f cons- would be back to the 200 MW entitled to it under the 1963


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Labour promised t h a t LakesMan;>pouri and Te Anau would bekept to within their natural levelsand Labour's victory thus tempor-arily set t led the matter .

With the approach of the 1975elect ions, the Labour Party re -newed i t s promise. The NationalParty a t f i r s t refused to commiti t se l f , but under the pressure ofa public meeting and widespreadpublic i t .{ , Mr Huldoon grudginglyi ssu\ ,d a policy on th e la ke s,i d en t i ca l to tha t of the Labour

toanbeen made the NZgovetnment. I him

if power to the smelter waS for any rCllsonrlilppen, he said. In the first case,where there s e v e r ~ . l weelp,warning of the power cut,they could shut down E:ectlons of the pot line by sucking out themclten aluminium pot in turn, and casting it into in-gots. HoweVf;r in a sudden power cut they dirl nothave t h < ~ facilities to drain molfetlaluminiUm away fastenmCi)l. He said that if power was off for mOre than four hoursthe aluminium wouldset in the pots, and would have to be removed with aJack-hammer. Then to get the pot line going againeach pot would have to be reconstructed. The cost in time. andmoney wouLd be He said that a power cut of t h i ~ naturewas something nOT even afford to contemjJlate.Two major economic studies have been made on the Comakodeal" The first by the N.2 . Institute of Economic Research, wascommissioned by Comako in 1971 in an effort to demonstratethat the smelter a worthwhile as,ct to NZ. The study calculated that the smelter currently earns a net $14 million a year inoverseas savingg and earnings. Also that output per worker ismore than twice the national average for manuJacturing industries. Net foreign exchange earned per employee is comparable toaluminium smelter was built on Tiwai Point in Bluff that of dairy produce processmg, currently the most productiveHarbour. Manapourl power is fed to the smelter by two parallel, manufacturing industry in NZ in terms of foreign exchange earnone hundred mile long transmission lines, one going directly to ings. But it is a very difflcult for the layman to understand exacTiwai Point and the other connecting into the national grid at tly what these statistics mean. And it very difficult for otherInvercargill, on the way" Construction began on the smelter in economists to comment on them. because llwch of the basic1969, and two years later i tWas producing its first aluminium. information given to the Institute of Economic Research byThe cost for this first stage of the smelter was $98 million. At Comalco was and has never been published. Perhapsthe present time th e smelter is using 235 MW of power and smelter workers are as efficient as other industrial workers,pr.oducing a b o ~ t I 10,000 tons of aluminium a year. A $ ~ mil- and perhaps they do bring in a large amount of foreign exchange

~ l o n eXpanS10n prograJl1l!ll! :should s ee p roductwn pe rman, but the advantages in this must be tempered by theJ"llcreased to 150,000 tons in 1976 fact that the smelter uses 10% of NZ's electricity to produce onlyWhen tltesmelter is r u ~ l ) i n g at i ts fuUplanned 0.8% of our foreign exchange earnings.capacity it will p r o d u c e ~ Z O , O O O t o n s arid draw itsJWl allotment The second study compares the returns t o NZ from sellingof 480 MW of power front the Manap9uri scheme. ... .. power to the smelter as comPared tOsclling i t to the NZ consu-

New Zealand A l u m i n i u r n $ ~ e t e r s L t d , ( t h e naJl1e?f.ti>e. mer , The studywas donetwMr EwenMcCaM. Lecturer inconsortium that runsti>e . Q I ~ f f ~ e l ~ e r ) l ) u y s i t ~ r ~ ~ m ~ t e t " i ; l l . EConomics, at CanterburyVniversity, and pUbllshed by the Canfrom one of its parent c O J n p 3 1 1 i e . s ( ) o l 1 1 a l c : o I n < 1 u s t t i e s p ~ y ~ t l 1of terb\lry CIllunber of Commerce,. MrMcCann calculates that theAustralia. Alul11iniurnore isrnillfld.byC0l11alc9atWeipain.. increase in national incorn.e .fromselling all the Manapouri powernQrthern Queensland, a n d s h i p p e d t o i ~ s r e r m e r y at Gtadst9ne, to NZ households andfirrnswould be $43 million per year. Theon the coast north ofBrisbane,.""here the ore is. p u r i f i e d i l 1 ~ q . ... increase in national ineome from selling it to the smelter is $35alumina. The a l u m i ~ i s s h i ~ ~ e d ~ o B I \ l f f a n d r e d u c e d to molten mill ion per year when the smelter produces 220.000 tonsaluminium inmassive e l e c t r o I Y t i c : c e ~ c a j l e d pots. T h e a l u m i n ~ outPut per year The study points outium i s cast into i n 9 ' ( ) t $ . a , n d s c : > : t ~ ~ a c k to Cbmalco that Comalco would have to pay double the present contractand i t s Japanesepartnerlii. In t :h i s way price before the .returtlto NZ from smelting could equal theNZ Aluminium S m e l t e t s c ~ n a d J \ l $ t i t s b u Y i r t g and selling prices return f r o ~ . selling.power on the domestic market. Mr M c C ~ a n nso that it does. not f f l " a k e ~ ~ ~ ~ f i t . l l 1 f a c t it is policy not to states that. swltc)nng.P9wer on for the ~ o r m a l user a n of, fOImake a profi t, The NZgoVem"ltiejt ttaxes the smelter at a rate Comako, g l v e s N Z t 4 ~ . ~ r e a t e s t m c r ~ a s e m Its nationalm.come,based on a caIculatipn o{the profit that w ( ) u l l i b e m a d ~ if it wen.'lIld thus the ! : 1 ~ ~ I ' ( ) u r t ~ g r e e m e n t IS no t w o r t h w ~ l l e m ItS .policy. In 1913 t h e ~ m e l t e r e m p I o y e d 7 ~ 0 l ' l l e ! ! < l l l d paid ou t present ~ o r m ' . i .. , ,.. . >.. . . . . . . ComalC9 1s eXpandl?g$5 million in wages and saIll!'ies.ln the Sl\J!IeyeartlIey claim t() production on t b r ~ e r r o n t s \ ~ " t e n s l O n s are un.lierway at Bluff,have lost over $800,000 as a result of a shippfugdispute. A ship- at Bell Bay in Tasmania, and a new smelter is to go ahead at "roment of alumina was held up in Australia, and Comalco had" to Gladstone powered by a cOlll fired station supplied by the Po 'f

6 feet. This rneant could be f ~ f j S j t d orJ'fand not th e 84 feet as was allm'"able before" "costs of opposition totaIn,eo the Mallapouri "into 11 subject great c o n ~Save Malnapouri orga!nisatJloII, which was opposedhad the country, and inan -election issue. petitionthe iake 264,906 make itever presented to the HejlyoakeManapounret:ahlinfH,oVller, set athethe subject.But the issue was s ~ C 1 1 1 < ~ ~ r ~ -solved 1972/ and it b e ca:rne an e lec t ion i s s ue ..


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IDMIICD BlAR81l

o f .DunedJ:2.'

Comalco, which owns ha l f o f th eB lu ff sm elte r pro j e c t , does havesome Aust ra l i an and New Zealandsharehold ing . In f a c t , Dr 1; " R.(Aust ra l ian Review15/3/71) es t imates t h a t a t h i r d o fComalco's equi ty funds as a t 3would come fromHowever, l oca l pa id-uphence p r o f i t s ,t o t a l ~

i nd iv idua l s from po l i t i c s , the p r e s s ,e t c . These w ere of fe red a t $2.75 andsold tw o months l a t e r on the open

Hal l marke t fo r $6.00 While no t a l l ofthose o ffe red the shares accep tedthem, many d id , and th e Chr is tchurch

l " (18/6/70) r evea l s j u s t whoN.Z. Comalca cons idered its f r i ends in

t a l , and New Zealand:of th e Shareho lders l i s t e d in "Press" were:l a s i ans 5 jT Cl i f fo . rd Pl immer and S ir ,lamesi n t e r e s t Doig (each 1000 sha res ) ; S ir ,]Ciwes

cOl1trol over PI etcher (SOO); N. Z In the Comalco Federa t ion and : i ts execut i ve dir-

and o ther s l i ke it, scarce ec t o r , P.,]. Tllxford (300 each);Aus t ra l i an a re condemned WiIson and Horton I Publ -

i sh ing Co (lOO)diz-ector

Co (BOO); H. Verry,o f N.Z. Press Assoc


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f ety

M ISNa.Li.onalHanan (800);

e r (500 jO.1nt l t , ) ; and Er icf anner Cabinet Min i

s as sor-tment o fmedia men,

daugh.,. andHa ls -

(200) "c . ~ c i d n s shows what c l a s s

r e g a r d s as its b e s tw i l l oppose us i n

f r e e N .. Z. from t h e... .L .!la ....LUU.o . .L S ..

20 o f t h i s agreement b e -t h e Governmen t and NZ

Sme lte rs L td . s t a t e s :t.he purpose o f p r o d u c t i o n i n

ny u n d e r t a k i n g f o r which t h ea c q u i re d p u r su a nt t o t h i s

may be used by them, t h eand any s u b s i d i a r y 's h a l l have t h e r i g h t t o

f r e e o f s a l e s t a x and f r e ef i a l l d u t i e s i n c l u d i n g primage

(save t h a t where such freedomall d u t i e s would c o n f l i c t with

Z e a l a n d ' s i n t e r n a t i o n a l o b l i g a -e x i s t i n g a t t h i s d a t e o f t h e

agreement t h e minimrnn d u t i e sw it h t h o s e o b l i g a t i o n s

apply if and so f a r a s t h o s es h a l l e x i s t under any

o r s u b s t i t u t e d a r r a n g e -c r y o l i t e , f l u o r s p a r ,

f l l l o r i d e , petrolelJlIl coke ,

may beagreed t h a t suchfrom t ime t o t imet h e i m p o r t a t i o n o fm a t e . r i a l s w i l l beThe Company and any s u b s i d i a r ycompany and any a s s o c i a t e d companys h a l l a l s o have t h e r i g h t t oe x p o r t f r e e o f a l l d u t i e s and s a l e st a x t h e fol lowing p r o d u c t s manufactured by them o r any o f them n amely:aluminium, aluminium a l l o y s , ando t h e r p ro d u ct s o f aluminium, andsuch o t h e r p r o d u c t s a s may bea g r e e d . It i s f u r t h e r agreed t h a tsubj e c t t o any r e q u i r e m e n t s o fdefence o r n a t i o n a l s e c u r i t y suchl i c e n c e s a s may from t ime t o t imebe r e q u i r e d f o r t h e e x p o r t o f any


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of th e fo rego ing product s wi l l bef re e ly g ra nte d."The fo l lowing a re l i s t ed inComalco's 1973 Annual Repor t asNew Zea la nd b as ed subs id ia r i e s o rsubs id ia r i e s o f subs id i a ry compan-i e s . There i s ye t ano ther list o fassoc ia t ed compani es which spacedoes not perm it us to p r i n t . Keepin mind a l so t ha t th e two o the rmajor pa r t i e s to t h i s agreement ,SHOWA DENKO and SUMITOMO CHEMICAL,each have t h e i r own list of subs id -i a r i e s and assoc ia t ed companies.The list:Comalco Aluminium Ltd.Comalco Power (NZ) Ltd .

Naco Sunsa sh Louvr es (NZ) Ltd.New Zealand Power Ltd .Pat te r son Dis t r i bu to r s Ltd .ARI Aluminium Ltd.Aluminium Cent re Ltd .Aluminium Ladder Co. Ltd .Anodising Engineers Ltd .Comalco Ex tr us io ns L td .Fishe r Commercial Windows Ltd.Fishe r Windows Ltd .Lyte AluminiUm I n d u s t r i ~ s Ltd.Lyte L adders Ltd .Lyte Trimview (NZ) Ltd .P i l l a r ARI Ltd .Rylock Co. Ltd .S t ruc tu ra l Alumin ium Co. Ltd.Well ington Aluminium Co. Ltd.

~ 9F81J1y lION IOU . P113Q664.-_ ..- ..

For in fo rmat ive books on th esubj ec t o f fore ign con tro l in N. Z. i* "Takeover New Zealand"* " Jap an e se Imper ia li sm Today"* "'rhe Mul t ina t iona l s "* "The Enemy"* "River o f Tears"

These and o the rs a re ava i l ab l efrom Resi s tance Bookshop, Box 2258,Chr i s t church .


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P A ~ E S.eensland state government, under a similar type of contract with the r e su l t t ha t the maximumthe NZ one. A debate is currently going on in Brisbane as to outpu t o f the power s t a t i on i s

i ~ ~ : s ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ V ~ : s f ~ ~ ; t ~ t ~ : ~ e ; h ~ : ; ~ d580 MW, 120 MW l e s s th an e xp ec te d.the fact that five cabinet ministers and the wife of the Thus raising the lake would be of no benefit . The other wayemier all have shares in Comalco dating back to the contro- . of getting more power for New Zealand households and fums1970 public t1otation.Comalco is also about to build (ap3l't from b u ~ d i n g more power schemes) is torenegotiate theher alumina refinery somewb,ere in South East Asia. I t was smelter agreement. The Chairman of the Save Manapouri Camhave been built at Weipab(if tec:ent changes in the Australian paign, Mr Ron McUan, has recently called for the smelter to berelating to foreign investmellt h.3ve made it a less attractive closed down completely, and the Social Credit Political League,

e. Comalco has tumediloScuthiFast Asia, and has looked at 6 ~ ~ t ~ ~ ~ ~ t : i ! ~ 0 ~ l r C ~ ~ : i d : ~ : ; ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ t ~ X ~ ~ : d ~ ~ : t ~ ~ t ~ ~ ~ r t h eonesia, PapuaNew Guinea, the British Soloman Islands and smelter is costin,g us money rather than making us money, butPhilippineS. IUs most likely that the newreU?ery Will be the partners inin thePl1ilippines, where President M31COS provjlies gene- the Bluff smelter are unlikely to be interested in .any form of re--us incentives to foreign industry. In the future, Bluff's alu . . . . . .i $ I i ! c ~ l y l o come from Jhishew refinery. negotiation. In a recent interview in Syliney, the president.of. ... . . . Showa nenko, Mr Haruo Suzuki "reiterated sevel'a1 times thatUnl!ptthe agreement ~ I t h the New Zealand goverpment,the his company regarded its 25% interest in the Bluff smelter as ahas the ugl1t t.o.480.'Y of power. ~ 1 t h the en- most favourable investment. As. the price of power continues tocrms causmg s h u t d ~ w n s m ~ u m l J l 1 u m . smelters ID J a p a ~ and rise in the rest of the world, the foreign corporations involved ine Umted S t ~ t e s , Bluff IS soon Itkely to expand further to ItS. the Bluff smelter will cling more and more tightly to their Mana..; a p ~ C 1 t y . o f 6 } 2 P9t,s.and.220,OOO tonsofrn.etalper- yearpouri power rights.

t h l s . e ~ p a n s l o n l s C Q m p l e ~ ~ New Ze,alanliconsumers will be On.theother side of the coin, NewZ


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10 WRATC8MALC8PAYS

At th e opening of the NationalPa r t y ' s e lec t ion campaign jn 1972,the then Prime Min i s t e rJ ac k Marsh all was < ~ ~ k E ! c l : ~ o w m u c hdoes Comalco p a y > f ( ) . i t ~ i ~ l e c " t r i c ...i ty? Confused by the u n e x p e c t ~ques t ion , he f i r s t l y s a id , "I 'mnot going to t e l l you," bu t as herecovered h is composure he t r i edcover ing up by a l leging t h a t th ef igure cou ld no t be pu,bllshed be -cause it would help Comalco's com-pe t i t o r s . But t h a t i s no t the r e a lreason ' fb r the sec re t .Undoub t ab lyComalco 's cOlllpeti t o r s have a verygood idea about ' the e l e c t r i c i t yp r i c e ... no, the r e a l reason th ef igure i s not pu,bl ished i s t h a t itwould help th e NZ people , it wouldhelp them' to reaL i se ' j u s t how muchthey a re being robbed by Comalco.But th e t r u th w i l l ou t . Therehave been seve ra l e stim ates of th epr i ce {one of them i s in th e maina r t iC le in t h i s "Watchdog tl ) whichput th e p r i c e a t about ~ or evenl e s s , of th e average p r i c e paid byhouseholders fo r t h e i r e l e c t r i c i t y .Nei ther th e Government nor Comalcohave eve r denied these es t ima tes ...in f a c t a Cbmalco spokesman hasp r iva t e ly agreed t h a t they a re"about r i gh t " .One would th ink t h a t the argumentwould end the re , btlt . it doesn ' t .

Comalco. a'od seve ra l of t h e i r apo l -og i s t s ( including th e Government)have defended the cheap p r i c eusing a var ie ty of i r r e l evan targuments . The ch ie f o f these con-cerns th e a c t ua l p r i ce formula .,Comalco pays nothing d i r ec t l y fo ri t s e l e c t r i c i t y . Ins tead it paysa f ixed amount each yea r , calculat . -ed from a very compl ica ted formula ,the bas i s of which i s t h a t over a99 y ea r p erio d Comalco pays thecos t o f th e Manapouri power s t a t i onplus .. 10%Therefore , says e conom is t Ker ryMCDdnald , we give power to Comalcofo r 99 yea rs , . and a t the end oft h a t ge t a power s t a t i on f r ee .Therefore , says Comalco, th e Govern-meht;. i s making a 10% p ro f i t on th ee l e c t r i c i t y it s e l l s to Comalco.Therefore , says the Chris tchurch"Press" , Comalco i s ac tua l ly sub-s id i z ing the NZ consumer s ince itpays fo r a l l the Manapouri powerbut doe sn ' t use it a l l , with th esurp lus going in to the na t i ona lg r i d .

S O ~ I T t > M O


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There can be no compromise.cos t ,sh.ouldpay theane1 a. t, Cl

Auck.lctnd would have to paysevera l . t imes t h e i r e l e c ~

, < ~ J h i c h inc ludes power fromth e o i l ~ f i r e d power s t a t i on s , t h a nwould people fo r theBemnore power t h a t th ey use . Thepo i n t is t h a t it i s t:hesClIlle powerno mactt:er where o r how it i s

The r e s t ~ o f us have to

th e

thesemade.

Thei r ac t ions show tha:l:; th ecompanies running t:he Bluf fsmel te r a re irr-espons ib l e . T heir on ly l oya l t yi s to p ro f i t , they wi l l exp lo i tN.Z. resources and N.Z. l abourwi th no concern whatsoever fo rth e envi ronment o r fo r th ehea l th of th e workers ,so long as they can make p ro f i t s . 'It-le should u n ite to g eth er , makestr .ong e f fo r t s , and ge t r i d o ft h e m ~

el'S i s Sumitomo, which wi l l t ake8,200 tons o f uranium from

to 1985.The ac t io ns o f South A frica , o f

inres"'"


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RIO TINTOINTRODUCTION: Rio Tinto Zinc(RTZ) Corp. Ltd. , i s a hugemult inat ional company. I t hasenormous in te re s t s in miningand associated indus t r i ess prea d th roughout every cont inent in the world. (For a mult i nat ional company, however, RioTinto ac t s a l i t t l e s trangely .Most huge companies l ike to adver t i se the i r names and ac t iv i t i e s whenever possible . Theyl ike to t e l l the world how bigand impressive t he i r operat ionsare . )But Rio Tinto does not advert i sei t s e l f . Ins tead, it has a veryIow-key approach. For example,i t s head bff ice a t 6 St JamesSquare, London, does not evendisp la y th e company's name. Andin Rhodesia, so cagey i s RTZabout i t s operat ions there , itcareful ly l e f t out a l l referenceto Rhodesia in a specia l bookletpublished by Rio Tinto in 1973,to ce lebra te i t s centenary!_ TheLondon head off ice , in i t s e f fo r tto evade quest ions about Rhodesia by a Bri t ish repor te r , a c t u a ~l ly made the r id iculous claimtha t it knows nothing a t a l labout i t s Empress Mine in Rhodes ia :(Jus t why is Rio Tinto Zinc sosecre t i t ive about i t s operations?vf!hy 18 it so shy of pUblicitytha t it does not even display i t sname a t i t s London head off ice?The answer i s tha t Rio Tinto ' sin te rna t iona l ac t iv i t i e s are sooutrageous tha t it fears publ ici t y . ) RTZ fears publ ic i ty because the company rea l i ses tha t

i f i t s ac t iv i t i e s became wel l known, it would meet with stormsof pro tes t throughout-the entiTeworld.Rio Tinto Ltd: -* Makes much of i t s prof i t s byexploi t ing the cheap blacklabour of white r a c i s t regimes.* Has used violence to c learnat ives away from land wanted

by the company for mining.* Has broken in te rna t iona l anddel iberate ly f louted United

Nations reso lu t ions , to se tup i t s mines.Let us examine ju s t four of Rio

Tinto ' s operat ions .

RHODESIAIn 1965, a white supremist government led by Ian Smith, un i la t e ra l ly declared independence


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veryO( 'CUI)Y

i , tto remove

South Africa from Namibia,Tinto (South Africa) Ltd to

South Af r i ca ' s es t sth e re . In 1970, RTZ, in completedef iance of the U.N. and the I n t e r ' ~na t iona l Court , opened a uranium

mnnt, ,UlL'! iin other par t s of Rhodesia

fo r n icke l , copper, gold , emeraldsand plat inum.


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i t : hasthe8e:nt,

to ROBSl':..f:rican

so Iia t ion ser ious ,been cla imed tha ' t

Whites a t th e minet.O\'li'U o f

t.he blacksmine in an area

to t h e i r hea l thdue b; ) radiat ioTl , r a d -

ia t io:n i s

*

BOUGAINVILLE ISLAND (PAPUA NEWGUINEA)

Bougainv i l l e has been desc r i bedby S ir Val Duncan, Chai-man o fRio Tin to , as th e " j ewe l in ourcrown". It i s here t h a t RioTin to ope ra t e s one o f its mostpro f i t ab l e concerns - a coppermine .Papua New-Guinea i s administeredby th e Aus t ra l i an government. TheAus t ra l i an government and RioT in to b oth c o-o pe ra te d to cons t . rnc tth e mine in f l a g r an t d is regard fo rth e w e ll- be in g o f the Bougainv i l l ena t ive s ,

ess i

power' i / o r s t ~ e r '

its o"m

Dai Hai lt.he Automic EnergyRoux, says t h a t

' Ibe ne'.'>' p rocess r e c -in the put

t:o make he r own(Rand Dai ly Mail l

en t ly

" the chai.rmanBoard I Drwit.hSoutha

h.e:r in aat:omic wea,po11s", U

U" N wishes and internat>=i ona l l


15/32

Spainin

fav"ou,red

Hio '1'th e

SP.i\IN

.)

'ompany

t.he s u r v f ; Y ~o f t:he l and ,

t h e i r force ,snatch away a

ic e usedl:

la:nd. u

36 ore250,000 each I t that: g as

fa r as Rio Tinto i s concerned;t:he lo s s the natiVE!S' homes andway o f l i f e " ~ i s worth one -seventh of an ore t ruck!! !

women


16/32

August 26th, 1970.Rewi Alley

I f you ' 'IH2~ " , o r t h

l l lfe wa:nt ~ i t , tirnJ'Jer?We cu t i t Minerals?

them t o o ~you with holes!"TV"''''''''''! Weyour money, a l li s e s t h a t pay

where we r(J'il1 pt.hen s e l l you our' tIe adve r t i s e as cu l t u re f fo r youto take and feed your kidswH:h but if you don ' t\"lant what we give you,\V'e! 11 plas t . e r you witha hundrfc-'G\ and one kindso f bombs, r ip your land

, j us t to showwhere l i e s , andthe essen t ia l correctnesso f f ree

Zealanders , but to the huge '1&': i t . ~ , ; o f : in te rn a ti on a l companies.

Wl1C} ,does l:lew Zealancl t.o?A,re r : e ~ " o u r c e s to be used fo rthe bene f i t of th.e N , ~ w Zeala.nd

0:


17/32

toof

wil l a l lto

Ce>rrtalco

cr i esand newspapermust; save power! ' ,

$500,'Who, who should gof i r s t , ' Ins tead, the

made

.in the hope t h a t no OIle wil lnot: ice. hiiive decidedt he t the New Z e a l ~ n dsl:uall go on the bottom o f thel i s t ; the shal l bethe first to go wi thou t !This is why CAFCINZ opposesthe power saving campaign. Inour view it i s a fraud designednot to conserve energy but toallow i t s cont inued wasteage.

i. s abut not a word aboutComalco,On the f thethe Chri s t church 'Press" evenwent So fax' as to t:hatComalcowas thehousehold c o n S l l i ~ e rThe Government has

'save p01l,er and th e, f ind a l te rna t ive sourcesenergy. We hearfromedit .ore: ' ~ , ; r e

fo r theand t imes

hado ff Corr..alco \\a l l th e power"We're ent i t led to

cu ts in trlehomes and some t o t a l power cuts (t:hel a s t on Sundays when

i ndus t r i a l usershave the smal les t demand for e l e c t ~ '

tbe Governmentpower, notbecause ? but tosave on overseas funds spent ono i l Again, of course ,the Government makes not ion th a t Coma.leo should goshort: :But not? At n , , ~ e ' o " .. ' about 8%of our e lec ' t r i c i ty i sgenerated by burning o iI p a t acos t of $33 m illion in overseasfunds each year . Cemalco, a

overseas o't'111eduses 10% of our e lec t r i c i ty ,more than the t o t a l generatedfrom o i l , [Niitjs 0171 y about$4 ; f I l , i l l ion fo r .it! So why not

was

r e s t of thewhen even thet :heir flower cutkeptit wanted.


18/32

it"a:nt a f f o : r d ~clr.)sed

Comalco shoulcbe al1olli'ed

But

very'i?i.lltha t i s on. '1'hemust face the fac t s , it maker ~ n e s t a t t ~ m p t s to sav e en ergy,and it nrost close down Comalco.

to

to

wasteessary ext ra bu:njen onCAFCINZ is( th i s . in f ac t , i s

whileasked to cu t baok on

essen"t.ial ser'ViCfJS,t ~ waster of .powerin N e ~ , , 1 gealand f Comalco recei.'J'esno attent: ion "rha,t,30,Ve'rf'ramGovernmer,t,

an unnecpeople .t ,owas te

For

According to an author i t a t ivesource ' in Invercarg i l l , 90% ofthe jobs a t Comalco have beengiven to workers from out.sideSouthland. And a recent vi s i to rfrom Bri ta in t e l l s us tha t peoplecan 'J'i'alk off 'the London s t ree t sinto the off ices of the Rio TintoZinc Co:rporat:ion immediatelya job in the smel ter a t Bluff!So much for t .heir concern forthe w e l f a r , ~ of New Zealand.

fseelsewhere, Comalcosaid t ha t they wouldprovide 10,000 jobs in South-land. In f ac t , there a:t'e only

about 800 workers in the Bluffsmel ter today, and another 1300-1400 in re la ted indus t r ies .Better than nothing as fa r asSouthland ,is concerned you mightsay. But ' in fac t , Comalco is notin the l e a s t in te res ted in prov-iding jobs fo r the loca ls .


19/32

CAFCINZ st.ands fo r the c los ing downo f the smel te r a t Bluff . i st h i s?We a re of ten asked why not j u s tr a i s e th e p r i ce o f th e e l e c t r i c i t y ,or be t t e r still, na t iona l i s eComalco? Comalco and i t s Japanesepa r tne rs came to NZ fo r one th ing- cheap power. According to aComalco spokesman, a 10% r i s e inth e e l ec t r i c i t y charges would maketh e sm elte r unprof i t ab le - t h a t i smost unl ike ly , but one can seet h a t they would not even cons idera r i s e of 400% which would benecessary to bring the pr ice up toth e n atio na l average . S t i l l l e sswould they consider a 1000%increase which would r a i s e th epr ice to t h a t CAFCINZ considersf a i r ( the p ric e o f o il -g en era te de l e c t r i c i t y ) . So al though CAFCINZsupports e f fo r t s to inc rease the

pr ice o f th e , any gen-uine 'would mean in thec los ing of th e sm e lte r. (We notein t h a t th e Nat ional andLabour Par t i e s have both promisedto renego t i a t e th e agreement withComalco, .presumably in o rde r tor a i s e th e e l e c t r i c i t y p r i ce .CAFCINZ bel ieves t h i s renego t i a t ionwi l l be merely a coverup, and t h a tthe re w i l l be no r e a l change. Wewould l i ke to be proved wrong, bu twe th ink a comparison nex t year o fp r i ce in cr ea se s fo r Comalco andfo r the household consumers wi l l .be very i n t e r e s t i ng . )Nat iona l i s ing Comalco seems verya t t r a c t i ve on the su r face , bu tth e re are seve ra l se rious drawbacks. I f th e smel te r were to paya proper pr ice fo r its e l e c t r i c i t y ,th e aluminium it produced would bevery expensive - so e xp en siv e t h a t


20/32

Q n e : ! - ' q ~ / intoment . We

tbelet .s f

so OI l . t'ie needand everyone c anmore in fo rma tio n o r , o r

f you have some informat ion t ha twe don ' t r plEase wr i t e to u s .

th e ac t ions of thea CAFCINZ i s not. r

1&lIin f a c t ~econOmiCfJ:l fox'

g i l S ,sai.d: "As energy

h a v ' E ~ been thes nto a

aimed a tmarket:s, th e proposa l cou ld h av e,eff,:;;ct:, involved a low-pr icedenenJY expor t . " Both sta tementsapply d i r ec t ly to Comalco.


21/32

TT DAVROAD AHEADSave Manapouri champion, RanMcLean, predicted in June 1975, a ta public meeting organised byCAFCINZ, tha t the Mt Davy coalexport deal would in a few yearsbe regret ted as much as the

Comalco deal is now. Factscoming to hand on th is Japanesemomopoly orientated schemeare rapidly confirming th is view.& The New Zealand GeologicalSurvey in itSurvey in i t s sul:xniaaions on theEnvironmental Impact Report onthe proposals has shown theprospecting done by West CoastResou rces L td to be to ta l lyinadequate: the coal f ie ldcannot be considered proved.This i s in sp i te of theclaims by the companiesinvo lved (Odlin s, in i t sAnnual Report , for esample)tha t they had gone to 'verycons iderav le expense '. Thismeans tha t New Zealand may bebuilding fac i l i t ies for ascheme tha t wil l never get offthe ground. I t leads tospeculat ion that the whole e x e r ~eise i s merely a publ ic i tygimmick to , give West CoastResources a head s t a r t on theBeech Scheme, in which theyhave an in teres t .

& The company is proposing totake only one th i rd of theavailable coal - an ' a s t o n ~ishingly low' percentage,according to the GeologicalSurvey. The State MinesDepartment i s backing up the

company in th is gross wastageof our resources. We wil lprobably never be able to goback and get the two th irdsremaining.& The government has said it wil lmake sure the price paid forthe coal i s t ied to w o ~ l d coalprices so t ha t we get a properreturn for the loss of th isresource (which should be a tl eas t $60 a ton a t currentprices) . But how can the Gov"ernment gurantee t ha t themonopolies it i s dealing withwil l continue to pay tha tprice af t e r the scheme i s wellu n d e r ~ a y - and too far advanced to go back on.-Mining wil l be done by aJapanese-control led company so they can write anv number ofo ther co sts they l ike ontothe 'mining cos t s ' , from the i roperat ions over seas.Marketing ~ i l l be done by aJapanese cont rol led company ...so they can refuse to se l lto people will ing to pay ahigher pr ice .- Use of the coal wil l be byJapanese companies (NipponKokan Steel , and KawasakiSteel) which are probablyclosely connected to themining and marketing companies(Ataka'(Ataka and Co Ltd, and JapanOverseas Coa l Developnen t Co.Ltd) - so pricing can be' ar ranged' between them.


22/32

st.eel

,mil . l ion tonnes o f the coal ,

to the

w c ' c , . c u ~ q f d i s t r ibu tedto qroups, made

made 88ionsto the govermllent opposing th escheme,

.be8 t: coe1 insm e l isThe easies t

.bEe

fu r ther in to th e hands of o i lmonopoUes in the sarne ac t -and l eav ing nothing a f t e rf i f t e en years of exp lo i t a t ion ,' rhe scheme i s t yp i c a l . of the short . -s ighted type of development 'which in th e long run benef i t s onlythe monopolies control l ing i t ,I f i t . goes aheadIn f ive years we wi l l ' f ind t h a t

backcoal i s

on th emarket, This lS backed byAus'cral ian

&.


23/32

we a re no t ge t t i ng Leturnson th e s a l e t h a t th e g o v e r n ~ment now promises;

In ten yea r s the re wi l l be anoutcry o f .' resource robbet"y I :

In f i f t e enyea , r s tl1e scheme wi l lbe over and fami l i e s onth e West Coas t back onth e road , leaving nothingfo r it bu t a higher o i l b i l l .

Zealand to show ~ coa l must

ove ra l l -- r e sou rce use

andove r a longord ina ryfrQIn t h i s va l ...

CAFCINZ's campaign aga ins t th e MtDavy resource s e l l - ou t provokeda s tra ng e re ac tio n.fro m th eWest Coas t . CAFCINZ, in are sp ress s ta tement , s ta ted t h a t th edea l was an e l ec t i on br ibe to ahandfu l o f businessmen on th eCoas t . Of a l l th e people , th eCoas t . Of a l l people , th e WestCoa st T ra des Counci l le ap t toth e defence o f these businessmen.In a l e t t e r to CAFCINZ, they sa id"as much r e sea rch has been doneby your organ i sa t ion as has beendone on th e West Coast ... yourorganisa t ion i s rush ing in top ro t e s t without th e f u l l f a c t s . "They went on, "With re fe rence toth e Government 's scheme as ane l ec t i on b r i be fo r a handfu l o fbusinessmen, as quoted by you, i s(s ic) v er y m is le ad in g and hasno subs tance . The f eas ib i l i t y o fthe Mt Davy coa l has been wel lprobed and i s th e l i f e l i n e fo rthe economics and workingpople of th e West Coast , and withcont inued employment o f th eworking community so must th ebus iness f r a t e rn i ty a l so bene f i t ."As a community, we s tandtoge ther on t h i s i s sue as we do

~ o a l l pro jec t s which a re beingos t rac ized by people away fromth e West Coast whose knowledgeo f th e s i t u a t i on i s very meagre.

Perhaps p eo ple co uld ask us whatwe wanted."'rhe person apparen t ly re spons ib l efo r t h i s remarkable l e t t e r i s th ePres iden t o f th e Trades Counc i l ,Mr R. Beadle - a l so a prominentmember o f the GreyrnouthCharnbero f Commerce He apparen t ly wasnot to ld by the. Runanga S ta t eMiners ' Union t h a t CAFCINZ hadwri t t en to them twice , asking fo rt h e i r comments, but t h a t they hadnot even bothered to r ep ly .Even more remarkable , however, wasa conversa t ion a West Coas t CAFCIN2member had wi thMr Beadle afew days a f t e r th e l e t t e r wassen t . On t h i s occas ion , MrBeadle conf ided t h a t ' t h e wholeth ing was l ik e ly to f a l l throughanyway it i s geo log ica l ly sod i f f i cu l t , only th e "Japsl i couldever ge t it ou t , and t hen onlyif every th ing was made as . favourab le as poss ib le . "When our member t r i ed to t e l l himj u s t what CAFCINZ was r e a l l yon about , he wa.s cu t s ho r t with ,"Look, I admire you young Chr i s t church jokers ; you ge t s tuck in ,do your homework, and you ' r e doinga good job , which i s more thanyou can say about some o f theroos t e r s around here . "We hear Mr Beadle has pa r l i amen t a ry ambi t ions when Paddy Blanch-f i e l d r e t i r e s .


24/32

P.

\NHERE HA'IEALL THE FISH GONEMaybe t h ings a re not as bad asth e head l ine su gg es ts , b ut unlessthe N. Z. p eo ple a re prepared tos tand up and s top ano ther o four na tu r a l resources being plundered by mu l ti na ti on a l f is h in gconcerns , t h i s ce r t a in ly wi l lhappen.To What Exten t a re N.Z. Coasta lWaters Now Explo i ted?At p re s en t , Taiwan es e, S ou thKorean, Russian and Japanesef l e e t s a l l f i sh o f f th e N.Z. coas t .An es t imated 500 Japaneseboa ts , making tw o t r i p s , baga t o t a l o r 200,000 tonnes eachyea r . N.Z. f ishermen would t akemore than f ive years to ca tcht h i s same amount.Wellington Harbour Boards t a t i s t i c s , on which t h i ses t ima t ion i s based, show t h a t200 Japanese boats ca l l ed a tt h i s po r t alone over a s ixmonth per iod . This means t h a ttwenty yea rs of f ish in g a recrammed i n to one year o f f i s h ing a t th e N.Z. r a t e .Las t yea r , a Naj9 ie r -basedf i sh -

erman (Mr Pete r Terry) saw twoRussian vesse l s , both about th es i ze o f the ~ r a m o a n a o r Aranui ,f i sh ing fo r cod and t a r ak ih io f f th e N.Z. coas t . These werethought to be pa r t o f a f l e e ts imi la r in s i ze to t h a t of th eJapanese. The Russian f l e e t i sse rviced a t sea by its ownves s e l s which l eave it f ree tomove about l a rge ly undetectedand uncon t ro l l ed .Three years ago, it was di sc losedby th e F ish in g Indus t ry Boardt h a t f ive Japanese boats took1,344 tonnes o f West Coastsquid in one year . Squid andsa rd ines a re food fo r snapper andtuna, and t he se f i sh wi l l no tbe found in N.Z. waters infu ture if t h i s r a t e o f e xp lo it a t ion i s main ta ined .N.Z. f ishermen a re probably th emost regu la t ed in th e world i n s ideth e t e r r i t o r i a l l im i t s , but beyond t h i s no r egu la t ions ex i s tand th e mul t i na t i ona l f l ee t s usemethods which have scan t regardfo r th e p rese nt and fu tu re s tockso f f i sh in our coas taL waters ,


25/32

Law of the Sea Conferer rThe Unite d Na ti on s held a "La\vof th e Sea Conference" in Juneof 1974. Here the stnall andunderdeveloped nat ions , known asthe Third World count r i e s , prop-osed and suppor ted a "200 naut i ca lmile economic zone " which wouldbe an exclus ive economic zoneunder the sovere ignty of th erespec t ive count r i e s andguaranteeing t h e i r r i gh t s topro tec t t h e i r l eg i t ima te i n t -e re s t s . This was a cor rec t andj u s t s tand and Was supported byN. Z . However ,as . col ll d b eexpected, the U.$. ,< the U.$. ,and othe r big imperi i ; \ l is t powersopposed t h i s stanCi. Theyarguedt ha t th e zone should be "nonexclus ive economic"which would

them a f ree h ~ n d in explo i t -ng th e mine r a l , f i $h , o i l and

JOIN (

othe r resources 1n these a reas . - But perhaps even more impor tan t ly ,they argued fo r the freedom oft h e i r mi l i t a ry vesse l s (warshi.ps, nuc lea r submarines , anda i r force ) to pass through orover these waters a t w i l l .Because of the di f fe rences ofopinion, . no. firm agreement wasreached, bu t a fur the r conf-erence was planned fo r March,1976. At t h i s conferenceN.Z. must s tand by the ThirdWorld count r ies the200 naut i ca l mileomic zone. Withthen becomes ouras the people oft hq . t t he ru l ingsuch a way ..tha ti r i ter es t s ... a reas we haveComalcoment i s

f(INI

THE RESOURCES AND ECONOMY OFN.Z. MUST BE CONTROLLED BY THEPEOPLE OF NEW ZEALAND.

The campaign aga ins t fore ign We do n ot propose t h a t f()reignin N.Z. i s a campaign to explo i t e r s be rep laced by l oca l ones .

oppose the extens ive and growing N.Z. monopolies (e .cj. wat.t ies) a reon t ro l by fore ign monopolies of ac t ive ly working with fore ign cow'ur na tura l resources and indus t ry panies fo r the explo i t a t ion of t h e i rnd a lso the mi l i t a ry presence of own count rv . Thei r loya l ty i s to

the U.S.A. in New Zealand . This PROFIT. The development o i N.Z. bycon t ro l i s extended not only econ- the N.Z. PEOPLE may be s lower thanmical ly but a l so po l i t i ca l ly be- when fore ign companies a re involvedcause with every new investment but in the long term it i s the ofJ.'ly

by a fore ign company in N.Z. , way to bui ld up t h i s country forthe more subserv ien t our government ourse lves and our chi ld ren r a therbecomes to fore ign cap i t a l . than fo r the benef i t of fore ign

The campaign has no argument withf inanciers and cap i t a l i s t s .the PEOPLE of th e U. S.A. , Japan -nd .. Br i ta in bu t r a the r with the huge

fore ign mul t ina t iona l companies t ha t~ u c k out p ro f i t s , plunder our nat -ura l resources , ga in con t ro l overur g o v e r n m e n t , ~ e c o n o m ~


26/32


27/32

r-nfo rwhich in up to

twp years has k i l l e d 71 peopleand pa ra ly sed abou t 600, andit has been fo rced by th e Jap-

to deny t h a t the farm manager h a d ~ever rang them.A woman l iv in g h al f a mile fromthe smel te r s a id : \ ~ used togrow cabbages bu t now we ' r e a f r a i dto p l an t I f i1::'5 notdrowned, itmauve - youth e wonderful'I'hen in 1972,

" "Provate Eye" adrmnat ic s t o ry : in th e th reeyears s ince th e sme l t e r beganope ra t i on s , 500 workers hadlead l eve l s recorded in th e i rblood which were 50% h ighe r t hanth e most conserva t ive es t ima te

th e l eve l" ,had been 20 cases o f

o f

to

andLate r oncompany t r i ed

he th e sme l t e r ,a id they had nout th e phone down.t e l e v i s i on , th e

able t o prevent \ .TZopening a g i an t copperin th e Snowdonia Nat iona lone o f Br i t a i n ' s most b e a u t ~

r eg ions . But in othe r pa r t sf B ri ta in , th e people wereot so lucky . RTZ has bu i l t onhe i s lan d o f Anglesey asmel te r which, l i ke

rece ives subs id izedThe smel te r emi tsfour t imes as much fluor,-

de as was ind ica ted the comp-ny bCefore th e sme l t e r was

But when t h i s f a c t wasin ted o ut , RTZ merely sa id

had bu i l t a d i f f -kind of smel te r . A man

had t h i s to say:don t grow anything in th e

It would t u rn s t rangeand we wouldn ' t f e e l l i k e


28/32

caused in Japani ndus t r i e s has aroused

SUCKl anqer t h a t comp--a n i e , : ~ have to expor t t h e i rpo l lu t ing f a c to r i e s to othe rcoun t r i e s . In Frn, t h i srece ived o f f i c i a l

from , Japan 'sa;3sociation o f b ig b usin es s 1:he Fedf3rat ion o f Economici ~ k 1 t i o n s . 14ith s imi l a r pressure sin th,,'c ! l .S . , we hegin tosee th e re a re proposa l s fo ra tR i l l on the West Coast ,Cl PVC p l an t a t Whi3.ngarei f andan add i t i ona l reason why Comalcow il l f ig h t very hard to keept he i r sme l t e r a t Bluf f .i n to

to pay CCInpDenko has anin South Korea

ctrleseensa t ion .a 1.umini llffias wel l asf luor ide

POLLUTESWhile in Inve rca rg i l l l a s t sumrner, othe r four elements , and i s no ton th e R e sis ta nc e Ride, CAFCINZ c O T I ~ l e t e l y e f f ec t i v e fo r th e c yan id e.members publ i c i sed t h e i r discovery Meanwhile, th e dump cont inues to grow.of the huge dump, l e s s than one mile In the twelve months . s ince th e i n i t i a lfrom the Comalco sme l t e r on Tiwai Pt .d i scovery , th e dump has a lmos t d ou ble dSamples of the so l id waste , t hough t to in s i ze and t h i s , o f course , i nc rea se sbe scrap ings from th e w a lls o f th e the quan t i ty o f run -o f f l iqu id i n toe l e c t ro lys i s t anks , ' p o t t s ' , were the sea .co l lec ted as wel l a S a quan t i ty .o f In Fouveaux S t r a i t , th e leve l ofl i qu id l each , being channeled from cadmium i s a t p re s en t seven t imes high-the d u r r ~ i n to th e sea . er than th e s tandard s e t by th e WorldThe r e s u l t s o f the t e s t run on th e Heal th Organ isa t ion . This i s pa r t l yl iqu id have j u s t been rece ived, and a t t r i bu t ed to the dive rs ion o f th ethese show it to conta in on the Waiau River in the cons t ruc t ion o faverage in excess of 100 pa r t s per Comalco 's power source , while the run.,..mil l ion o f th e fo llow in g:a rse nic , o f f from th e dump i s ano ther can t r i b -cadmium, mercury, cyanide and f l uo r - ut ing f a c t o r .ides . Comalco has admit ted to only While ignor ing th e presence o f fourone o f these - cyanide"" (Southland highly dangerous elements. , . . arsen ic ,Times, May 20, 1975) . Since th e cadmium, mercury and f luor ides .,..Resi s tance Ride exposure , Comalco Comalco only gives vague assuranceshas been spraying BTH (a ch lo r ine t h a t its po l lu t i on con t ro l i s wi th incompound) onto the dump fo r th e p urp -th e accepted sa fe ty l eve l s . CAFCINZose o f break ing down th e cyan ide . wi l l c on tin ue to i nves t iga te a l lThis has no effeCt a t a l l on the aspec t s o f Comalco and i t s po l lu t ion .


29/32

o f In t e re s t :

in

workso f

Longburn and Oceana r e both ()\vned by

o f $1,542,000 , aamount fo r fu r ther exp lo i t a t i onof New Genera l Motors(NZ) was es tab l i shed in 1925 with

a c ap i t a l of $100,000, which hasnow to $10 mi l l i on , andthe average retuJ:;n to th e U.S.has been $2.1 mil l ion a yea r .

Res is tanceLOvler Nor thfrom J ~ n l l A r v

3rd 1976, follow:. frome g r e a t en' thusiasm genera ted

l a s t summer's SouthResis tance Ride. It i s

an educa t iona l t ou r andexe r c i s e , awake-New Zealanders ' , to the dis t

ex ten t o f "mul t ina t iona l "p lo it at io n o f t h i s country

abe t ted by our ownmonopol i s t s ) . 'I'he organ-i s th e o f

Box 6651, Te

Embassy: The r i de l eaveshere on January 21s t . This

symbol ises the unsc rupo f i nt er n at io n a l c g p it

exe.mplif ied by U. S. ac t i v in Indo.,..China over th e p a s t

N.Z . ' s SIS, the opera t iveo f th e CrA he re , i s , t h eo f a p i cke t on Tuesday 20thJanuary .and Genera l Motors: Both

have l a r ge p l an t s inHut t , and both a re en t i r e lyowned. Ford (NZ) was e s t ab

here in 1936 with a shareo f $800,000. It now

s cap i t a l o f $5.3 mi l l i on , and1970 has averaged ao f $4.15 mi l l i on a year .

t h i s , it has s en t back toU .S . a n a v e r a g e dividend

.wanga,nui compute!" Centre :HerE;lih a re kep t cen t r a l i s ed f i l e scm prac t i c a l l y a l l New Z e ~ l g n dc i t i z en s . These are access ib leto t h eS rS and hence th e CIAWaipipi , \ I ronsands ; This , p ro j e c ti s s i t ed near Waverly and i sdevelopeql:>y th e huge U.S. mininggnd s ~ i p p i n g cpmpany Marcona(75% ownership o f Waipipi I ronsands Ltd) , toge ther with theViking Mining Company (25%) whichi t s e l f i s wholly owned by E uropaO il (NZ). As Europa o i l hasrecen t ly been tak en over byBr i t i sh PEi! t roleum,near ly th ewhole o f th e development i sunder fore ign con t ro l . Thep re se nt c o ntr ac t i s fo r 10 year s ,and approximate ly 2.25 mil l iontons o f iron s ideS per annum a re


30/32

towas soldD.S. 2

D.S. mi l l i ona i r e s , D & J Canning,in 1972. own some o f th el a r ge s t Angusfarms th e D .S ., and

in Canada

t.he U"S t.

so ld to

a re

loca"t.io:ns

O ilBr i t :

J_EJ in Ne\vowneC-l 50S6 Dow Chemicals,

U.;'). chemical companyhas InOrt:: "than . S ~ )


31/32

\ .

can be con t ro l tot ha t " female

rad io assemblers doing equa l "


32/32

"WATCHDOG" IS PUBLISHED BYCAFCINZ (CHCH), A NON-PROFIT-MAKING ORGANISATION, AND IS PRINTED

our compcln-in co l l abora t ion wi th

C i ~ ~ F C I l \ l Z members botrl polit-. .l ea l and i nanc ia l ly commit ted.

i s shor t o f money andof few ways we

have of f lndnc our ac t i v i t i e s .

and b i l l me l a t e rI am prepared to wri t e a r t i c l e sfo r Watchdog; please l e t th eed i to r know.Name:

Address :

Phone:

Send to :The Chairman,CAFCINZ,p.a. Box 2258,

fcwd issue2

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