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1Federal AviationAdministration 1
GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
GPS IntegrityRAIM, WAAS, and
GBAS:Concepts and Status
Federal AviationAdministration
Presentation to: CAAC ATMBMarch 8, 2011
Presented By:John WarburtonFAA Engineering Development ServicesNavigation Group [email protected]
2Federal AviationAdministration 2
GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
Overview
• GPS Basics
• GPS with Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring
• FAA GPS Augmentation Systems
• Wide Area Augmentation System
• Ground Based Augmentation System
• Summary
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
Global Positioning System Basics
• Space Segment• 24 Satellites• 6 Orbital Planes• 4 Satellites per Plane• SVs Orbit at approximately 20
million meters above the earth• Each SV Orbits the earth twice a day
• Ground Control Segment• Master Control Station, Colorado Springs• Monitor Stations; Hawaii, Ascension Island, Diego Garcia,
and Kwajalein
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
Non-Augmented GPS Operations
10-20 Meters SA Off 10-20 Meters SA Off Atmospheric Errors,Atmospheric Errors, Ephemeris Errors, MultipathEphemeris Errors, Multipath
Protection Level=?
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
GPS Operations and RAIM
• Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) provides GPS solution integrity without additional augmentation
• RAIM functions include Fault Detection (FD) and Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE)• Fault detection algorithms determine if there is an
error in the GPS solution• Fault detection and exclusion algorithms determine if
there is an error in the solution and can isolate and exclude satellites from the solution
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
RAIM Information
• RAIM Prediction Linkhttp://www.raimprediction.net/ac90-100/
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
Satellite NavigationWAAS / LAAS ImplementationSpace-Based Augmentation System (SBAS)Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS)
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
Reference Station
Reference Station
Reference Station
Reference Station
Master StationUplink Station
How WAAS Works
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
WAAS Status
• Continuing to make pre planned upgrades/enhancements to the system• New GEO satellite (AMR, PRN 133) added to the system in
November 2009
• CRW (PRN 135) GEO • Satellite operator, Intelsat, lost all command and control of
satellite in April 2010• WAAS L-band payload continued to operate • Satellite drifted east
• Original location was 133 degrees west longitude
• Intelsat was able to regain command and control in December 2010
• Satellite now returning to its original location• It is ready to return to service
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
WAAS Status – User Services
• LNAV Procedures:• LNAV 4976• GPS Only 400
• LPV procedure status:• Cumulative LPVs Published to Date 2367
• LPVs Published to non-ILS Runways 1470• LPVs Published to ILS Runways 897• LPVs Published to <250’ Decision Altitude 433• LPVs Published to exactly 200’ DA 422
• First LP procedure published 1/13/11• Peter O Knight, Tampa FL runway 36
• Over 61,206 WAAS receivers have been sold
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
WAAS Test Team Pagehttp://www.nstb.tc.faa.gov/
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
How GBAS Works
Protection Level=10 m CAT I
4 Meter Accuracy4 Meter Accuracy Category ICategory I
Ground ProcessorGround Data Radio
Data Link Radio
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
Ground Based Augmentation System Service
• Provides Precision Approach Capability, CAT I/II/III Service.• Performance equivalent to existing Instrument Flight
Rules (IFR) radionavigation landing aids.• Complements the Wide Area Augmentation System
(WAAS)• Provides CAT I where WAAS is not available.• Uses WAAS integrity information when in coverage of a
WAAS GEO.
• Requirements were coordinated internationally to support harmonization efforts.
• CAT I/II/III Architectures Have Common Baseline Configuration and are fully interoperable.
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
GBAS CAT I Approval Status• Full Category I Non-Federal GBAS system design
approval was completed in September 2009.• Honeywell SLS-4000 is the first approved GBAS.
• SLS-4000 was installed at the FAA Technical Center in September 2008• Being used as a platform to support FAA review of Honeywell
design artifacts, Integrity Monitor Verification, and a CAT III development system
• Hazardously Misleading Information (HMI) Report was completed December 2008• Fully describes the integrity safety case for the SLS-4000
• SLS-4000 was installed at Newark Liberty International Airport (EWR) in November 2009• FAA is working to resolve environmental interference at EWR
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
GBAS CAT II/III Status
• Requirements Development and Validation• Acquisition Documentation to support a Federal Procurement
of GBAS CAT III• Investment Analysis and other Acquisition Management System (AMS)
required documentation• Requirements Validation - ICAO standards
• Technical validation of proposed CAT III standards completed May 2010• Operational Validation via prototypes
• Prototype Development• CAT III GBAS Ground Facility (Honeywell)
• Perform analysis on the existing Honeywell SLS-4000 algorithms to validate ICAO Annex 10 and LAAS CAT III Federal Specification requirements
• POP: May 2010 - Nov 2012• CAT III GBAS Avionics (Honeywell)
• Produce red-label Airborne Equipment Class (AEC) D avionics to validate MOPS compliance
• POP: August 2010 to February 2013
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
GBAS CAT II/III Schedule(Source Navigation Services AJW-91, 2/2011)
FY09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
CAT III StandardsMOPSRD/CONOPSSPEC
CAT III Prototype Ground
CAT III Prototype Avionics
AMS (Acq. Prep)
Development/ implementation
MOPS
GND prototype
CONOPS/RD
Spec
Avionics Prototype
Development Production / Implementation
Completed / started
Planned
IARD IID FID
Contract Award IOC
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
GBAS Operational Projects
• Project Newark• Partnership Participants: The Port Authority of New
York and New Jersey (PANYNJ), Continental Airlines, Honeywell and FAA Navigation Service’s Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) Program Office.
• A GBAS was installed at Newark Airport to:• Demonstrate the improved performance and
precision and interoperability with other GNSS capabilities.
• Provide data to support FAA decisions on ground equipage and airline decisions on avionics.
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
GBAS Operational Projects
• Project Houston• Partnership Participants: Houston Airport System
(HAS), Continental Airlines, Honeywell, and FAA Navigation Service’s Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) Program Office.
• A GBAS will be installed at Houston Intercontinental Airport (IAH) to:
• Provide an effective city pair to support Continental equipage development
• Continental taking delivery of GBAS capable 737NG (30 total by February)
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
Navigation Team GBAS Pagehttp://laas.tc.faa.gov/
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GPS, WAAS, GBAS Overview
March 8, 2011
Summary
• Discussion of GPS, RAIM, WAAS, and LAAS• High-level concepts and overview
• Provided links for additional information• Contact Information at the FAA Technical
Center• Navigation Engineering Development Services
John Warburton (609) 485 [email protected]
• Navigation Test and Evaluation Services Bill Wanner (609) 485 5514