feudal crisis and the origins of the modern world (13501650)
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Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650). I. CRISIS IN EUROPE Epidemics (Plague) Climate Change Wars II. RESPONSE In Agriculture 1. Pressure on Peasants 2. Enclosures 3. Loans In Manufacture Decline of Guilds III. POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650)
I. CRISIS IN EUROPE1. Epidemics (Plague)2. Climate Change3. Wars
II. RESPONSEIn Agriculture1. Pressure on Peasants2. Enclosures3. Loans
In Manufacture• Decline of Guilds
III. POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
• The rise of the Modern State
Population of Europe(Million)
• 1200 61
• 1300 73
• 1350 51
• 1400 45
• 1450 60
• 1550 78
Population of Europe(Million)
• 1200 61
• 1300 73
• 1350 51
• 1400 45
• 1450 60
• 1550 78
Black Death by Pieter Bruegel
Death in Tournai, 1349
Plague Doctor with Mask
Flagellants
Constance, Switzerland)
Nuremberg
Tournai (Flanders)
Seventh Seal Ingmar Bergman
Black Death- Burning Jews (1349)
Population of Europe(Million)
• 1200 61
• 1300 73
• 1350 51
• 1400 45
• 1450 60
• 1550 78
Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650)
I. CRISIS IN EUROPE1. Epidemics (Plague)2. Climate Change3. Wars
II. RESPONSEIn Agriculture1. Pressure on Peasants2. Enclosures3. Loans
In Manufacture• Decline of Guilds
III. POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
• The rise of the Modern State
Political TransformationsThe rise of the modern state
• Stages in the emergence of the modern state
• New Institutions
• New economic policies
• New Sources of Legitimacy
• Europe and the world
Two stages
1. The king, feudal lords, the towns, the church seek common solution.
2. Centralized power in monarchies
New Institutions
• 1. Roman Law• 2. Professional Army
• Hundred Years War (1338-1453)• Religious Wars (1562-1598)• Thirty Year War (1618-1648)• Colonial Wars
• 3. Financing the State• Taxation• Sale of offices• Tax Farming
A European Army of the Sixteenth Century in Marching Order
Economic policyExternal Using trade as a means for strengthening the state (Mercantilism )
• exports over imports
• no exp of bullion
• seek colonies
• national markets
• navigation laws
• control manufacturing and trade
Internal
Controlling the poor: (Poor Laws)
New Sources of Legitimacy
Internal (Empire, nation)
International (Westphalia System)
End of the Feudal Order
• Shift from the Mediterranean to NW Europe
• Stronger States
• Decline of religious authority
• New sources of food, precious metals, raw materials and labor in Americas and Africa
1350-1450
Crisis Ottoman Ming in Europe Empire Dynasty
1450-1650 Europe Middle East Asia Transformation
Econ. Polit. Ottoman Portug. Empire Dutch in
SEA
End of feudal relations, StateExpansion