Final Exam Jeopardy 3

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Fish Amphibia Reptilia Aves Mammalia

Final Jeopardy

Osteichthyes:

Define lateral line, operculum, & swim bladder

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Lateral line – detects vibrations in water

Operculum – bony covering over gills that pumps water across gills

Swim bladder – allows fish to adjust buoyancy

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Chondrichthyes:Define denticles & Ampullae of

Lorenzini

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Denticles – special scales on sharks that reduce hydrodynamic drag

Ampullae of Lorenzini – special sense cells that allow sharks to detect

electromagnetic fields

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Compare & contrast Ostracoderms & Placoderms

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Ostracoderms – Jawless Placoderms – First jawed fish

Both went extinct during the P/T extinction

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Compare & Contrast Subclasses

Actinopterygii & Sarcopterygii

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Actinopterygii – Fish with bony rays in their fins

Sarcopterygii – Fish with fleshy fins and the ability to breathe air

Both are in Class Osteichthyes

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What is the name of the first transitional vertebrate that

crawled out of the ocean to spend time

on land?

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Tiktaalik

14Amphibians show the following adaptations to living on land excepta. Development of lungsb. Mucous covering across skinc. Amniotic eggd. 3-chambered heart

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Amniotic Egg

16What is the term used to describe

amphibians’ ability to breathe through their skin?

What term refers to the condition in which an organism’s juvenile traits are

conserved in the adult form?

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Cutaneous respiration&

Paedomorphosis

What kind of amphibians are found in the following orders:

CaudataApodaAnura

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Caudata – Salamanders Apoda – Caecilians

Anura – Frogs & Toads

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In what two ways are the circulatory systems of

amphibians more advanced than those of fish?

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What two adaptations allowed reptiles to

completely free themselves from aquatic

life stages?

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Scales & the amniotic egg

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What types of animals have the following skull

types?

AnapsidDiapsidSynapsid

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Anapsid – turtles Diapsid – other reptiles,

birds, & dinosSynapsid – mammals

26What kinds of reptiles are in the

following Orders:

SquamataCrocodilia

SphenodontiaTestudines

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Squamata – Lizards & SnakesCrocodilia – Crocodilians Sphenodontia – Tuatara

Testudines – Turtles & Tortoises

28What types of lizards reside in the

following Infraorders?

IguaniaGekkota

DiploglossaScincomorpha

Platynota

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Iguania – Iguanas, Chameleons, & AnolesGekkota - Geckos

Diploglossa – Legless LizardsScincomorpha – Skinks & Common Lizards

Platynota – Gila Monsters & Komodo Dragons

30Describe the 4 types of snakes

& provide an example of a snake in each group

ConstrictorsColubrids

VipersElapids

31Constrictors – no fangs, squeeze prey to death (python)

Colubrids – back-fanged with weak venom (boomslang)

Vipers – large hinged fangs with hemotoxic venom (rattlesnake)

Elapids – non-hinged fangs with neurotoxic venom (cobra)

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Name the two things that contribute most to birds

having the ability to keep their body weight down.

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Hollow bones & reduced organs

34Which of the following is not a characteristic of aerodynamic lift as it pertains to the airfoil wing design?a. Air travels a further distance above the wing than belowb. The pressure below the wing is higher than above the wingc. Air molecules become packed tighter above the wing than below the wingd. Air molecules travel slower below the wing than above the wing

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Air molecules become packed tighter above the wing than below the wing

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How are Saurischian dinosaurs distinguished from Ornithischian

dinosaurs?

37Saurischians – Lizard-like hipsOrnithischians – Bird-like hips

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Name and describe the purpose of the 5 parts of the Amniotic Egg:

39Chorion- gas exchange

Allantois – waste storageYolk - food

Albumen - waterAmnion – protect embryo

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Compare & Contrast Sauropods & Theropods and give an example of each.

41Both are Saurischians

Sauropods – Quadrapedal, herbivorous dinosaurs (brontosaurus & brachiosaurus)

Theropods – Bipedal, carnivorous dinosaurs (T-Rex & Velociraptor)

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What does the fox say?

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Answer

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What are two major differences between Artiodactyls &

Perissodactyls?

45Artiodactyls – Even # of toes on

the hoof and a ruminant stomach

Perissodactyls – Odd # of toes on the hoof and hindgut

fermenters

46 Fill in the correct terminology in the chart Below:

Mammalian Order with opposable thumbs and a single set of nipples

Nocturnal and solitary like lemurs and tarsiers

Diurnal and social like monkeys and apes

Flat noses with slits on side & prehensile tails

Narrow noses with front-facing nostrils and no prehensile tails

47Primates

Prosimians Simians

New World Monkeys

Old World Monkeys

48What major steps did the following

proto-mammals achieve that led them on the path to becoming

mammals?

Pelycosaurs

Therapsids

Cynodonts

49Pelycosaurs – Sail used for the beginning of thermoregulation

Therapsids – Legs moved under the body

Cynodonts – Lumbar ribs reduced

50Match the following Mammalian Order with the example…

Pholidota DolphinHyracoidea SheepTubulidentata PangolinCetacea AardvarkArtiodactyla HyraxSirenia ShrewInsectivora Manatee

51Pholidota DolphinHyracoidea SheepTubulidentata PangolinCetacea AardvarkArtiodactyla HyraxSirenia ShrewInsectivora Manatee

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a. Whales and even-toed ungulates are closely related in both chartsb. Though morphologically similar, genetically, bats are more closely related to carnivores than to colugosc. Xenarthrans are morphologically and genetically unique within the Class Mammaliad. Elephants, hyraxes, and manatees are closely related morphologically, but not genetically

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