Finland based CircularEcosystem of Battery MetalsSmart Energy Finland networking event

13.11.2019

Dr. Pyry-Mikko Hannula

Background

By 2025• New EU cars CO2 emissions reduced

to 81g/CO2 (2019 average 120g CO2/km)

• Volvo - half of new car sales come from fully electric vehicles (EV)

• 50 to 100 million EVs on the roads globally (1.4 million in 2017)

• 10-20 gigafactories in EU

• EU Battery market worth up to 250 billion EUR

Source: European Commission-Report on Raw Materials

for Battery Applications 2018

BATCircleFinland based battery metals ecosystem

Finland • One of the largest Li deposit in EU

• Rich in primary raw materials

• >10% of global Co refining

• 4% of global Ni refining

• Wide industrial infrastructure

• Terrafame, Nornickel, FreeportCobalt, Boliden, Outotec…

• Globally recognizedmetallurgical knowhow

ICBR2019, Prof. Mari Lundström, PI BATCircle,

Hydrometallurgy and Corrosion, Aalto University

BATCircle Consortium

Joint industry-academia project

• 9 large companies

• 14 SMEs

• 2 cities

• 4 universities

• 2 research centers (GTK,VTT)

• 22 M€ budget

Key topics

• Sustainable primary resources

• Value addition in metal refining

• Battery recycling

• Precursors and active materials

• Circular business ecosystems

Open Research - WPs

Sustainable primary resourcesWP1

Value addition in metals productionWP2

Recycling of batteriesWP3

Tailored precursors and active electrode materialsWP4

Regional Stakeholders

Busin

ess p

ote

ntia

l

Pro

ject m

anagem

ent

Euro

pean n

etw

ork

WP5 WP6 WP7

WP1 Sustainable primary resources

• Potential battery mineral resources and deposit types

• Strategic approach of battery mineralsproduction in context of developing a battery ecosystem in Finland

WP 3 Recycling of batteries

• Mechanical crushing of batteries

• Leaching of crushed LIB waste

• Solution purification from impurities

• Recovery of Li, Co, Ni and Mn for re-use battery production Li-ion battery cell, battery electrode materials, crushed battery

waste, battery waste in sulphuric acid, purified cobalt

containing leachate, battery grade nickel sulphate (blue) and

cobolt sulphate (orange).

Photo:Valeria Azovskaya

Recent activities

• BATCircle Seminar 2.-3.9.2019• 80 participants from Finnish battery

industry and research community

• Finland-China LIB Recycling roundtable discussions (4.11.)

• 20 participants from FIN-CN academy and Finnish industry&stakeholders

• International Process Metallurgy Symposium 2019 (5.-6.11.2019)

• 170 participants from global metallurgy and battery field, academics and industry

International co-operation

BATCircle Advisory Board

National Stakeholders

• Valmet Automotive, Kemira, Kuusakoski

• SITRA, CLIC Innovation Oy

• Akkukierrätys Pb Oy, representing recyclers

• Metallinjalostajat ry, Association of Finnish Metal Refiners

• National Emergency Supply Agency

• Ministry of Employment and the Economy of Finland

International Partners

• Northvolt, Nikkelverk, BASF

• Varta Microbattery, Hitachi High-Technologies Europe

• EIT InnoEnergy, EIT Raw Materials

European network – BatteRIesEuropeIlkka Kojo, Mari Lundström, Pertti Kauranen

BatteRIes Europe consists of:

• Research

• Industry

• member state representatives

• EU Commission

Task: to identify and prioritise the main research and innovation needs for the whole battery value chain.

Aalto and Outotec are coordinating European Raw materials & Recycling research (International Working Group 2) in BatteRIesEurope

Business Models & Market Development

Skills & Education

Policy & Regulation

Sustainability & Societal Aspects

Cro

ss-C

utt

ing

Issu

es*

Safety & Standardisation

WG1New & Emerging

BatteryTechnologies

WG2 Raw Materials and

Recycling

WG3AdvancedMaterials

WG5 Application and

Integration-Transport

WG6Application and

Integration-Stationary

V2G

Them

atic

Wo

rkin

gG

rou

ps

Benchmarking

Top

ics

to b

e ad

ress

edin

sm

alle

rsu

bgr

ou

ps/

Tas

k fo

rces

Modelling Platform

Characterisationmethods

Increased Performance

Sustainable Sourcing

Secure Raw Material Supply

Cell chemistry

Advanced materialsCharging Solutions, incl.

Fast Charging*

Pack/ System/ BMS Design

ESS

Modelling

WG4Manufacturing &

Cell Design

Scale-up Issues

To be further developedby WG

To be further developedby WG

To be further developedby WG

To be further developedby WG

Advancedmanufacturing

To be further developedby WG

Design for Recycling-cross topic w WG4

Second Use

Battery 2030

Recycling

To be further developedby WG

Working Group Structure and topics to be addressed

National and Regional Representatives Group

Second Use

Design for Recycling

Workshop in Espoo in January and in Milan in June 2019

Participants representing 46 organizations from 12 European countries.

R&D Topics - Recycling

• Design for Recycling

• Reversed Logistics

• Dismantling of Industrial Batteries

• Metallurgical Recycling Processes

• Circular Economy Business Models

• Sustainability Assessment

• Safety Figure by Akkuser Ltd.

R&D Topics – Primary Raw Materials

• Sustainable Sourcing and Traceability

• Sustainable Processing

• Value Addition in Metal Refining

• LCA

• Securing the Supply

• Industrial Integration with Secondary Raw Materials

• Material Flow Analysis

• Precursors and Active Materials

Figure by Keliber Ltd.

Thank you!Pyry-Mikko Hannula

Aalto UniversitySherpa ETIP WG2

PI BATCircle

Dr. Pertti Kauranen

Pertti.Kauranen@aalto.fiProf. Dr. Mari Lundström

Mari.Lundstrom@aalto.fi

Project Manager

BATCircle

Chair ETIP WG2

EU-BATCircle

Ilkka.Kojo@outotec.com

Dr. Ilkka KojoDr. Pyry-Mikko Hannula

Pyry.Hannula@aalto.fiProject Manager

EU-BATCircle

ETIP WG2

https://www.batcircle.fi/