In order that a fire takes place, there has to be :-In order that a fire takes place, there has to be :-

•Oxygen to sustain combustion.Oxygen to sustain combustion.

•Heat to raise the material to its ignition temperature.Heat to raise the material to its ignition temperature.

•Fuel or combustible material.Fuel or combustible material.

A combination of ‘all’A combination of ‘all’ of the above creates a fire!!of the above creates a fire!!

But how do we fight a fireBut how do we fight a fire????

Fires can be extinguished by Breaking The Fire Fires can be extinguished by Breaking The Fire Triangle.Triangle.Essentially, fire extinguishers put out the fire by taking away one Essentially, fire extinguishers put out the fire by taking away one or more elements of the fire triangle.or more elements of the fire triangle.

When you cut off the heat, it is called coolingWhen you cut off the heat, it is called coolingWhen you cut off the fuel supply, it is called starvingWhen you cut off the fuel supply, it is called starvingWhen you cut off the oxygen, it is called smotheringWhen you cut off the oxygen, it is called smotheringWhen you attack the fire at the ionic level, it is called inhibition When you attack the fire at the ionic level, it is called inhibition

TYPES OF FIRESTYPES OF FIRES::

Class AClass A fires occur in ordinary combustible fires occur in ordinary combustible material such as wood, cloth, paper etc….material such as wood, cloth, paper etc….

Class BClass B fires occur in the vapour-air fires occur in the vapour-air mixture over the surface of flammable and mixture over the surface of flammable and combustible liquids like petrol, diesel, combustible liquids like petrol, diesel, alcohol etc….alcohol etc….

Class CClass C fires involve gases such as LPG, fires involve gases such as LPG, CNG etc. and energized electrical CNG etc. and energized electrical equipments.equipments.

Class DClass D fires occur in combustible metals fires occur in combustible metals such as manganese, potassium, sodium such as manganese, potassium, sodium etc….etc….

COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE

Electrical

Overloading

COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE

Loose Connections

Electrical

Overloading

COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE

Unattended Elec. Appliances

Electrical Overloading

Loose ConnectionsDamaged InstallationsMisuse of Elec. Meter roomsAged Wiring and Installations

COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE

Electrical

SMOKING IN BED

Careless Smoking

Homes

COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE

Factories & Offices

DO NOT SMOKE IN WORKING AREAS

COMBUSTIBLES

ElectricalCareless Smoking

Homes

WHAT TO DO

IN CASE OF FIRE

DO NOT RUN

DO NOT WASTE TIME FOR COLLECTING VALUABLES

DO NOT PANIC

INFORM FIRE BRIGADE ABOUT FIRE

ALERT NEIGHBOURS

CALL FIRE BRIGADE BY DIALLING

101

MAKE EXIT TO GROUND LEVEL INSTEAD OF TERRACE

DO NOT USE LIFT TO ESCAPE

L I F T

IF POSSIBLE, USE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERSTYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

There are different Types There are different Types of of Fire ExtinguishersFire Extinguishers for different for different Type of FireType of Fire..

Selecting the Selecting the appropriate Fire appropriate Fire Extinguisher Extinguisher is very important.is very important.

TYPES OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERSTYPES OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

• WATER CO2WATER CO2

• FOAM (AFFF)FOAM (AFFF)

• DRY CHEMICAL POWDER (ABC, BC, D)DRY CHEMICAL POWDER (ABC, BC, D)

• GAS (CO2, CLEAN AGENT)GAS (CO2, CLEAN AGENT)

WATER CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER

These are specially are specially designed for tackling designed for tackling Class A fires (wood, Class A fires (wood, paper, straw, textiles, paper, straw, textiles, coal etc.)coal etc.)They fight the fire by cooling, smothering and starving in combination.

FOAM FIRE EXTINGUISHERSFOAM FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

These are ideally suited where These are ideally suited where class class A & BA & B fires fires

Aqueous Film Forming Foam or Aqueous Film Forming Foam or AFFF is particularly suited to AFFF is particularly suited to fight liquid spill fires such as fight liquid spill fires such as petrol, oil, fats, paints etc. petrol, oil, fats, paints etc.

It works by forming a film on the It works by forming a film on the liquid hence smothering and liquid hence smothering and cooling the firecooling the fire..

CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER

These are suitable for class These are suitable for class B B & C& C Class of Fire involving Class of Fire involving flammable liquids for electrical flammable liquids for electrical equipment.equipment.They cool and starve the fire.They cool and starve the fire.

POWDER FIRE EXTINGUISHER

These are multipurpose fire extinguishers suited for all three types of fires ie A, B & C .

They are also suited for D class of fire when filled with special powder.

They fight the fire by smothering, starving and inhibition.

CLEAN AGENT FIRE EXTINGUISHER

These are suitable for These are suitable for AA B B & C& C Class of Fire. Class of Fire.

They are environmental They are environmental friendlyfriendlyThey are harmless to your They are harmless to your electric and other electric and other equipmentequipmentThey leave no residue!They leave no residue!Hence, they are called Hence, they are called ‘Clean Agents’!! ‘Clean Agents’!!

HOW TO OPERATE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

Firstly, READ the instructions on the sticker on the extinguisher!!!!

Remember (P.A.S.S.): Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep. P - Pull the safety pin from the handle. A - Aim the extinguisher nozzle or hose at the base of the fire.

S - Squeeze the handle to discharge the agent.

S - Sweep side to side.