First-aid for sprain and strain

• A sprain results from overstretching or tearing a ligament (fibrous tissue that connects bones), a tendon (tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone) or a muscle.

• A strain occurs when a muscle or tendon is overstretched or overexerted.

• Common causes for sprains and strains are falls, twisting a limb, sports injuries and over-exertion.

• Both sprains and strains result in pain and swelling. The amount of pain and swelling depends on the extent of damage

First-aid for sprain and strain(known as RICE)

• Rest the injured part of the body.• Ice: apply ice packs or cold compresses for

up to 10 or 15 minutes at a time every few hours for the first 2 days to prevent swelling.

• Compression: wearing an elastic compression bandage for at least 2 days will reduce swelling.

• Elevation: keep the injured part elevated above the level of the heart to reduce swelling.

• Give analgesic such as acetamenophen or ibuprofen.

• Do not apply heat in any form for at least 24 hours. (heat increases swelling and pain).

Note:

• Inadequate or delayed treatment of severe sprain may cause long-term joint instability or chronic pain.