By

Dr. Mona Mohammed Ibrahim Abd-

ElRahman

(Lecturer of Parasitology, 2014 (

• Phylum: Ciliophora (ciliates)

• Phylum: Mastigophora (flagellates)

• Phylum: Apicomplexa…Eimeria

• Phylum: Sporozoa

Subphylum: Microspora

Subphylum: Myxospora…Myxobolus & Henneguya

Ichthyophthirius multifilis

Chilodonella sp.

Trichodina sp.

host Fresh & ornamental fish

Fresh water fish Fresh &marine water fish

site Skin , gills, fins Skin & gills Skin , gills, fins

Patho. White spot disease/Ich disease/

Ichthyophthriosis:•Small whitish nodules (salt-like dusting).may coanlesce »mucoid masses on skin.•Rub against objects » epith. erosions » ulceration & excess mucous » 2ndry bact.

•Skin » excess mucous» 2ndry bact.•Gills » difficult respiration.

Greyish patch disease

•Fed epith. »hyperplasia gill &skin »gill clubbing »gill fusion » affect resp.•Heavy infection:Ulcers(superficial to deep) »2ndry bact.•Extensive fish mortality

Greyish patch disease

Ichthyophthirius multifilis(Ich parasite(

Morph:

Mature form:

1mm, round or oval, covered by cilia

Macronucleus…horse shoe

Micronucleus…..round

Immature form:

Smaller &translucent.

Life cycle: direct, binary fission

TomontWater

Dividing/reproductive

FishTrophont

(parasitic /feeding stage)

Tomitesswarmers

TherontsI.S.

Trichodina speciesMorph: sun- like/ disc-like

20-100µm

Outer ciliated layer:

Mem. with long cilia

middle striated layer:

Verticle straition connect bet. outer&innner

inner denticular layer:

Tooth like bands (circular saw) jointed together from crown like skeleton.

Gill clubbing

Chilodonella speciesMorph: heart like

Provided with longitudinal raws of cilia.

60-80µm.

Macronucleus & micronucleus at post ⅓.

Vent surface…..flat.

Dors. Surface….convex

Trypanosoma species

Hexamita sp. Ichthyoboda)Costia) sp.

host Fresh & marine water fish

Fresh water fish Fresh &marine water fish

site BloodLeeches (I.H.(

intestine Skin , gills, fins

Patho. •trypanosoma» haemolysin »haemolysis »anemia » pale gills.•Heavy infection: death in young fish

Hexamitosis:•Anorxia, loss appetite.•Thin fish with larged head (pinheads(.•Swollen abdomen » yellowish jelly like sub. in intestine&stomach•Enteritis&cholecystitis.•Head ulceration(hole(•Corkscrew motion or at one side

Blue slime disease: copious mucous production, thin fish with unthrifty appearance.Corkscrew swimming pattern (difficult to identify small size(

Trypanosoma species

Morph: leaf- like

Long &slender

15-130µm.

Flagellum (free flagella+ undulating membrane(

Nucleus: oval & central

Life cycle: indirectmode of transmission: injection

LeechesStomach

(Epimastigote…trypomastigote(

FishBlood

TrypomastigoteI.S

Mouth of leechestrypomastigote

Hexamita species

Morph: pyriform

Dorsoventrally flattened.

7-14 x 3-10µm.

Nuclei: 2 in no. ant. & oppose each other

flagellae:

3pairs…ant. 1pair…recurrent through post. End

I.S.: cyst (2nuclei( & trophozoite. Reproduce by binary fission.

Costia speciesMorph: smallest ectoparasite

Free/detached/moblie form:

Body: flat, asymmetrical, oval.

10x5µm (small).

Dors…convex

Vent…concave

2 pairs of flagella (posteriolaterally) inside flagellar pocket

Swim in hesitant spiral way

Attached form:

pyriform

Phylum: ApicomplexaEimeria species

Morph:

Oocyst with thin wall, has 4 sporocyst.

Each cyst contain 2 sporozoites.

Host: fresh & marine water fish

Site: swim bladder, gonads, stomach, intestine, liver, spleen

sporozoite

ZygoteNon sporulated oocyst

Fishsporulated oocyst

IntestineSchizont (merozoites)

shizogony

Macro &

microgametesgametogony

Pathogenesis:

Asymptomatic in intestinal form but induce necrosis, enteritis, emaciation &poor health condition.

Microspora Myxobolus)Myxosoma)

cerebralis

Henneguya sp.

host Fresh & marine water fish

salmonid Fresh &marine water fish

site Various tissues Head &vertebral column cartilage

Skin , gills, Ms,organs

Patho. Small tumor-like masses (firm to soft) may enlarge & impair organ function causing sever morbidity &/ mortality.e.g.: Glugea..whitish cyst like (few mm in diameter)

Whirling disease:Ch. Deplitating dis. chch. By:Dark tail color(black tail disease) &tail chasing behaviour»2-8ws.Circular movement (whirling) »2-3mths.Ch.: deformity in head &spinal curvature

Milky spot disease:Excess mucous production.macro. or microscopic white/ yellowish cysts bet. Resp. folds of gills (bunch of grape) »difficult resp. &pressure atrophy of int. organs.Heavy infection»death

Phylum: SporozoaA) subphylum: Microspora

Morph:Producing unicellular spore 3-10µm, egg-shaped, thick walled with post. vacuole.

Contain sporoblasm &hatching apparatus (polar tube)

Gm+ve

Includes:

Pansporoblastina…spores surround by vescile.

Apansporoblastina… free sporesv: vaculoe

N: nucleus

P: polar tube

V

NP

SporoplasmFishspores

target organsSchizogony sporogony

Macro&

microspores

Gills skin

after death

Life cycle: direct

b) subphylum: Myxospora Myxosoma (Myxobolus) cerebralis

Morph:

Producing multicellular spore 7-9µm, oval to circular.

Contain sporoblasm &iodinophilous (glycogen) vacuole

Takes 2 months at 19oc

Sludge worm

3 months

Henneguya species

Morph:

Spore: ovoid with 2 polar capsules & 2 whip like caudal processes.

Each capsule contained coiled polar filament.

Life cycle:

Direct

Fish ingest spores….intestine…blood…int. organs