fm approvals 1635 std 2011

7/25/2019 Fm Approvals 1635 Std 2011

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7/25/2019 Fm Approvals 1635 Std 2011


7/25/2019 Fm Approvals 1635 Std 2011


Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 PURPOSE ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 SCOPE ......................................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.3

BASIS FOR R EQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................................................... 1

1.4 BASIS FOR APPROVAL ................................................................................................................................................. 2

1.5 BASIS FOR CONTINUED APPROVAL ............................................................................................................................. 2

1.6 EFFECTIVE DATE ........................................................................................................................................................ 2

1.7 SYSTEM OF U NITS ....................................................................................................................................................... 2

1.8 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS .......................................................................................................................................... 3

1.9 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................................................... 4

2. GENERAL INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................................. 6

2.1 PRODUCT I NFORMATION ............................................................................................................................................. 6

2.2 APPROVAL APPLICATION R EQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................................. 6

2.3 R EQUIREMENTS FOR SAMPLES FOR EXAMINATION ..................................................................................................... 6

3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................................................................................... 7

3.1

APPROVAL LIMITATION .............................................................................................................................................. 7 3.2 R EVIEW OF DOCUMENTATION .................................................................................................................................... 7

3.3 DESIGN R EQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................................................. 7

3.4 MARKINGS .................................................................................................................................................................. 9

3.5 MANUFACTURER ’S I NSTALLATION AND OPERATION I NSTRUCTIONS .......................................................................... 9

3.6 CALIBRATION ............................................................................................................................................................. 9

3.7 TOLERANCES ............................................................................................................................................................ 10

4. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS - EXPOSED/UNEXPOSED ................................................................................ 10

4.1 STANDARD DESIGNS ................................................................................................................................................. 10

4.2 HYDROSTATIC STRENGTH ......................................................................................................................................... 10

4.3 PRESSURE CYCLING .................................................................................................................................................. 11

4.4 IMPACT R ESISTANCE ................................................................................................................................................. 11

4.5 CRUSH R ESISTANCE .................................................................................................................................................. 12

4.6

HIGH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE EXPOSURE ............................................................................................................... 12

4.7 SUSTAINED PRESSURE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE ............................................................................................... 13

4.8 CYCLING AMBIENT TEMPERATURE EXPOSURE ......................................................................................................... 13

4.9 VIBRATION ............................................................................................................................................................... 13

TABLE 4.9 VIBRATION TEST CONDITIONS ................................................................................................................ 14

4.10 HEAD LOSS (R ESISTANCE TO FLOW) ........................................................................................................................ 14

4.11 DAMAGE R ESISTANCE .............................................................................................................................................. 14

4.12 BENDING MOMENT R ESISTANCE .............................................................................................................................. 15

4.13 TOLERANCE FOR E NFORCED BENDS ......................................................................................................................... 15

4.14 THERMAL EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION ............................................................................................................... 16

4.15 ULTRAVIOLET (UV) R ESISTANCE ............................................................................................................................. 16

4.16 PERMANENCE OF MARKINGS .................................................................................................................................... 17

4.17 SERVICE FACTOR ...................................................................................................................................................... 17

4.18

CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY TEST FOR E NVIRONMENTAL STRESS CRACKING BETWEEN PLASTIC PIPING PRODUCTSAND STEEL SPRINKLER PIPE WITH A NTIMICROBIAL (AMC) AND/OR A NTIBACTERIAL COATINGS/FILMS ................. 18

4.19 ADDITIONAL TESTS .................................................................................................................................................. 18

5. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS - EXPOSED ......................................................................................................... 19

TABLE 5.1 FIRE TESTS .............................................................................................................................................. 19

TABLE 5.2 R EQUIRED BURNING CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHER FOAM .............................................................. 20

5.1 FIRE TEST 1 .............................................................................................................................................................. 21

FIGURE 5.1 – SET-UP FOR FIRE TEST 5.1, 5.2, AND 5.3 ............................................................................................ 22

5.2 FIRE TEST 2 .............................................................................................................................................................. 23

5.3 FIRE TEST 3 .............................................................................................................................................................. 24

5.4 FIRE TEST 4 .............................................................................................................................................................. 25

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FIGURE 5.4 – SET-UP FOR FIRE TEST 5.4 ................................................................................................................. 25

5.5 FIRE TEST 5 .............................................................................................................................................................. 26


5.6 FIRE TEST 6 .............................................................................................................................................................. 28

FIGURE 5.6 – SET-UP FOR FIRE TEST 5.6, 5.7, AND 5.8 ............................................................................................ 28

5.7 FIRE TEST 7 .............................................................................................................................................................. 29

5.8 FIRE TEST 8 .............................................................................................................................................................. 30

5.9 FIRE TEST 9 .............................................................................................................................................................. 31


6. OPERATIONS REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................................................. 33

6.1 DEMONSTRATED QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAM ...................................................................................................... 33

6.2 FACILITIES AND PROCEDURES AUDIT (F&PA) ......................................................................................................... 33

6.3 MANUFACTURER ’S R ESPONSIBILITIES ...................................................................................................................... 34

6.4 MANUFACTURING AND PRODUCTION TESTS ............................................................................................................. 34

APPENDIX A: PRESSURE CYCLING TEST APPARATUS CONFIGURATION ............................................................................... 35

APPENDIX B: CRUSH R ESISTANCE TEST SAMPLE CONFIGURATION ..................................................................................... 36

APPENDIX C: HIGH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE SAMPLE CONFIGURATION ............................................................................. 37

APPENDIX D: VIBRATION TEST SAMPLE CONFIGURATION .................................................................................................. 38

APPENDIX E: DAMAGE R ESISTANCE TEST SAMPLES ........................................................................................................... 39

APPENDIX F: BENDING MOMENT R ESISTANCE TEST CONFIGURATION ................................................................................ 40

APPENDIX G: IMO CRIB ...................................................................................................................................................... 41

APPENDIX H: IGNITION SOURCE .......................................................................................................................................... 42

APPENDIX I: SIMULATED FURNITURE PACKAGE .................................................................................................................. 43

APPENDIX J: U NITS OF MEASUREMENT ............................................................................................................................... 44

APPENDIX K: FM APPROVALS CERTIFICATION MARKS ....................................................................................................... 45

APPENDIX L: TOLERANCES .................................................................................................................................................. 47

APPENDIX M: SAMPLE LISTING ........................................................................................................................................... 48

APPENDIX N: CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY TEST PROTOCOL................................................................................................. 49

CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY TEST FOR E NVIRONMENTAL STRESS CRACKING BETWEEN PLASTIC PIPING PRODUCTS AND

STEEL PIPE WITH A NTIMICROBIAL (AMC) AND/OR A NTIBACTERIAL COATINGS/FILMS ........................................... 49

FIGURE N-1 - SCHEMATIC DRAWING FOR DIMENSIONS OF TYPE V TENSILE SPECIMENS IN ACCORDANCE WITH

ASTM D638-08 OF 1 INCH NPS CPVC IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM F442-09 (UNITS IN INCHES) .................. 50

FIGURE N-2 - SCHEMATIC DRAWING FOR THE MACHINING DIRECTION OF THE TYPE V TENSILE SPECIMEN IN

ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM D638-08 OF 1 INCH NPS CPVC PIPE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM F442-09

(UNITS IN INCHES) .............................................................................................................................................. 50

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purpose

1.1.1 This standard states Approval requirements for plastic pipe and fittings in light hazard occupancies for use

in automatic wet sprinkler fire protection systems.

1.1.2 Approval criteria may include, but are not limited to, performance requirements, marking requirements,examination of manufacturing facility(ies), audit of quality assurance procedures, and a follow-up program.

1.2 Scope

1.2.1 This standard encompasses the design and performance requirements for plastic pipe and fittings in light

hazard occupancies for use in automatic wet sprinkler fire protection systems. The intent is to determine:

That specific pipe and fittings are capable of maintaining sprinkler system integrity and performanceduring a fire.

If one of the intended uses of the plastic pipe and fittings is in a hybrid sprinkler system using internally

coated steel pipe (i.e. plastic pipe connected to internally coated steel pipe), evaluation of the plastic

pipe and fittings under this standard shall include chemical compatibility testing with all FM Approvedmanufacturer applied internally coated steel pipe (i.e. internally coated by the manufacturer).

1.2.2 Approval standards are intended to verify that the product described will meet stated conditions of

performance, safety, and quality useful to the ends of property conservation.

1.2.3 Plastic pipe and fittings examined in accordance with this standard may be FM Approved for unexposed or

exposed service in light hazard occupancies.

1.2.3.1 Products FM Approved for unexposed use require a permanently installed non- combustible

barrier with a minimum 15 minute rating in accordance with ASTM E119-10b. Alternatively,

pipe and fittings discussed in this standard may be used with a fire resistant barrier FMApproved in accordance with Approval Standard 1636, “ Fire Resistant Barriers for use with

CPVC Pipe and Fittings in Light Hazard Occupancies”. Only plastic pipe and fittings testedwith a specific fire resistant barrier in accordance with Standard 1636 may be used.

1.2.3.2 Products FM Approved for exposed use may be used exposed when installed in accordance with

the manufacturer’s installation instructions and FM Global Loss Prevention Data Sheets.

1.2.4 Plastic pipe and fittings FM Approved to this standard are not permitted in seismically active areas in

accordance with FM Global Loss Prevention Data Sheet 2-8.

1.3 Basis for Requirements

1.3.1 The requirements of this standard are based on experience, research and testing, and/or the standards of

other organizations. The advice of manufacturers, users, trade associations, jurisdictions and/or loss control

specialists was also considered.

1.3.2 The requirements of this standard reflect tests and practices used to examine characteristics of plastic pipe

and fittings for the purpose of obtaining Approval. Plastic pipe and fittings having characteristics not

anticipated by this standard may be FM Approved if performance equal, or superior, to that required by thisstandard is demonstrated, or if the intent of the standard is met. Alternatively, plastic pipe and fittings which

meet all the requirements identified in this standard may not be FM Approved if other conditions that

adversely affect performance exist or if the intent of this standard is not met.

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1.4 Basis for Approval

Approval is based upon satisfactory evaluation of the product and the manufacturer in the following major areas:

1.4.1 Examination and tests on production samples shall be performed to evaluate:

Suitability of the product;

Performance of the product as specified by the manufacturer and required by FM Approvals; and, as faras practical,

Durability and reliability of the product.

1.4.2 An initial Facilities and Procedures Audit (F&PA) shall be conducted to evaluate the manufacturer’s ability

to consistently produce the product that was examined and tested as part of the Approval project. The audit

shall review the facility and in-place quality control procedures used in the manufacturing of the product.Typically, areas of review are incoming inspection, work in progress, production testing, final quality

control, marking, calibration of equipment, shipping procedures, and document and drawing control. These

examinations are repeated periodically as part of FM Approvals’ product follow-up program. (Refer to

Section 6.2, Facility and Procedures Audit.)

1.5 Basis for Continued Approval

1.5.1 Continued Approval is based upon:

Production or availability of the product as currently FM Approved;

The continued use of acceptable quality assurance procedures;

Satisfactory field experience;

Compliance with the terms stipulated in the Master Agreement;

Satisfactory re-examination of production samples for continued conformity to requirements; and

Satisfactory Facilities and Procedures Audits (F&PAs) conducted as part of FM Approvals’ product

follow-up program.

1.5.2 Also, as a condition of retaining Approval, manufacturers shall not change a product or service without prior authorization by FM Approvals.

1.6 Effective Date

The effective date of an Approval Standard mandates that all products tested for Approval after the effective dateshall satisfy the requirements of that standard. Products FM Approved under a previous edition shall comply with the

new version by the effective date or forfeit Approval.

The effective date of this standard is September 1, 2011 for full compliance with all requirements.

1.7 System of Units

Units of measurements used in this standard are United States (U.S.) Customary units. These are followed by theirarithmetic equivalents in International System (SI) units, enclosed in parentheses. The first value stated shall be

regarded as the requirement. The converted equivalent value may be approximate. Appendix K lists the selectedunits and conversions to SI units for measures appearing in this standard. Conversion of U.S. customary units is in

accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

(IEEE)/American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) SI 10-2002, “Standard for Use of the International System

of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System.”

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1.8 Applicable Documents

The following standards, test methods, and practices are referenced in this standard or are beneficial in

understanding this standard:

IEEE/ASTM SI 10 - 2002, Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System

ANSI/ASME B1.20.1 - 1983 (2006), Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch).

ASTM D543-06, Standard Specification for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to Chemical Reagents

ASTM D638-08, Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics

ASTM D883-08, Terminology Relating to Plastics

ASTM D1784-08, Standard Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds

ASTM D1598-02 (2008), Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal

Pressure

ASTM D1599-99 (2005), Standard Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe,

Tubing, and Fittings

ASTM D2444-99 (2005), Standard Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe

and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling Weight)

ASTM D2837- 08, Standard Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materialsor Pressure Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Products

ASTM D2846/D2846M-09b, Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Hot and

Cold Water Distribution Systems

ASTM D2855-96 (2002), Standard Practice for Making Solvent-Cemented Joints with Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)

Pipe and Fittings

ASTM D3915-06, Standard Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl

Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds for Plastic Pipe and Fittings Used in Pressure Applications

ASTM D4216-06, Standard Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Related PVC and Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Building Products Compounds

ASTM D4396-99 06, Standard Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl

Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds for Plastic Pipe and Fittings Used in Nonpressure Applications

ASTM D5260-04, Standard Classification for Chemical Resistance of Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Homopolymerand Copolymer Compounds and Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds

ASTM E84-09c, Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

ASTM E119-2010b, Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials

ASTM E1354 – 97, Standard Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products

Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter

ASTM F437-09, Standard Specification for Threaded Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe

Fittings, Schedule 80

ASTM F438-09, Standard Specification for Socket-Type Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe

Fittings, Schedule 40

ASTM F439-09, Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings,

Schedule 80

ASTM F441/F441M-09, Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe,

Schedule 40 and 80

ASTM F442/F442M-09, Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-

PR)

ASTM F493-04, Standard Specification for Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings

ASTM F1970-05, Standard Specification for Special Engineered Fittings, Appurtenances or Valves for use in Poly

(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) or Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Systems

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ASTM F2331 - 04e1, Standard Test Method for Determining Chemical Compatibility of Thread Sealants with

Thermoplastic Threaded Pipe and Fittings Materials

ASTM G154-06, Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic

Materials

NFPA 13-2010, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems

NFPA 13D-2010, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and

Manufactured Homes

NSF/ANSI Standard 61-2003e, Drinking Water System Components - Health Effects

FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets

International Standard (ISO)/International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 17025 (2005), General Requirements

for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories

ISO 22088-3 (2006), Plastics – Determination of Resistance to Environmental Stress Cracking (ESC)

1.9 Definitions

For purposes of this standard, the following terms apply:

Accepted

This term refers to installations acceptable to the authority enforcing the applicable installation rules. When theauthority is FM Global, such locations are termed “FM Global Accepted.” Acceptance is based upon an overall

evaluation of the installation. Factors other than the use of FM Approved equipment impact upon the decision to

accept, or not to accept. Acceptance is not a characteristic of a product. It is installation specific. A productaccepted for one installation may not be acceptable elsewhere. (Contrast with FM Approved.)

Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings

Pipe and fittings made of chlorinated poly (vinyl chloride) plastic in which the chlorinated poly (vinyl chloride)is in the greatest amount by weight.

FM Approvals Certification Marks

The FM Approvals Certification Marks are detailed in Appendix K. Their use is mandatory on all FM Approved

pipe and fittings. These registered marks cannot be used except as authorized by FM Approvals via the grantingof Approval to a specific product.

FM Approved

This term refers to products FM Approved by FM Approvals. Such products are listed in the Approval Guide, anon-line resource of FM Approvals. All products so listed have been successfully examined by FM Approvals,

and their manufacturers have signed and returned a Master Agreement to FM Approvals. This form obligates the

manufacturer to allow re-examination of the product and audit of facilities and procedures at FM Approvals’

discretion. It further requires the manufacturer not to deviate from the as-FM Approved configuration of the product without review by and agreement of FM Approvals. Approval is product and site specific.

Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB)

One of a series of established stress values for a plastic material. It is obtained by categorizing the Long Term

Hydrostatic Strength of the material as described in ANSI/ASTM D2837-08 or equivalent national/internationalstandard.

Hydrostatic Design Stress (HDS)

The maximum allowable stress used in the design of plastic pipe of a given material. It is obtained bymultiplying the Hydrostatic Design Basis ( HDB) by a service factor.

HDS = HDB x F

IMO Cribs

Fire test cribs designed to the International Maritimes Organization (IMO) standards. An IMO crib consists ofsix 18 in. (455 mm) lengths of trade size nominal 2 in. by 2 in. (50 mm by 50 mm) kiln dried spruce or fir

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lumber per layer having a moisture content between 9 and 13 percent. The members are placed in four alternate

layers at right angles to one another. The members are to be evenly spaced forming a square structure. The heatrelease rate of each IMO crib is approximately 300 kW.

Ignition Source

Apparatus consisting of a 6 in. (152 mm) diameter steel cylinder, filled with 30 ml (0.008 gallons) of heptane.The ignition source apparatus also provides support for the IMO cribs at a height of 12 in. (305 mm) above floor

level. See Appendix H.

Light Hazard Occupancy

NFPA 13, “Standard for Installation of Sprinkler Systems”, defines classes of occupancies. The light hazard

occupancies wherein it is anticipated that plastic sprinkler piping will be used include hotels, hospitals, offices,schools, apartment buildings, and similar non-mercantile, non-manufacturing or non-warehousing occupancies.

These occupancies are characterized by relatively low combustible loadings and completely finished interiors.

Long Term Hydrostatic Strength (LTHS)

Plastic materials exhibit a time-dependant response to stress. This occurs in a predictable fashion. If samples of

plastic pipe are pressurized to various levels, they will fail after periods of time proportional to those pressures.

The specific relationship is that the logarithm of the time to failure is negatively proportional to the logarithm ofthe stress.

Log T = a – b log SWhere a and b are constants.

This stress, S , is the hoop stress in the material due to internal pressure at a constant temperature. ASTM D2837-

08 details test procedures for obtaining this relationship for thermoplastic piping products. The relationship is

then used to determine a particular maximum S that should not cause failure until at least after a minimum

desired life. That S is termed the Long Term Hydrostatic Stress ( LTHS ) for the material in question. For purposes of Approval of plastic piping, the T = 50 years shall be used to determine LTHS .

Permanently Installed, Non-Combustible Barriers

A permanently installed barrier is one that cannot be removed without substantial cosmetic damage (e.g., a

plastered ceiling). The intent of the requirement is to inhibit casual removal of the barrier for various purposes of

convenience, such as re-routing of wiring, as this leads to protracted periods of exposure of the piping. Drop-in

ceiling tiles, as used in suspended ceilings are specifically considered not to be “permanently installed” for the purposes of this definition. Non-combustible is defined as having a minimum finish fire rating of 15 minutes

when tested per ASTM E119-10b.

Pressure Rating (PR)

The maximum constant internal pressure plus surge pressure allowance, at a given temperature, that can be

successfully withstood by pipe of a given Hydrostatic Design Stress and Standard Dimension Ratio (SDR).

PR = (2 x HDS) ÷ (SDR – 1)

Service Factor (F)

A number, less than or equal to 0.5, by which the Hydrostatic Design Basis ( HDB) is multiplied to obtain the

Hydrostatic Design Stress ( HDS ). This F is used to account for variations in conditions from those contemplated

in the design of an installation, rough handling of piping, and manufacturing variations.

Standard Dimension Ratio (SDR)

The ratio of average outside diameter of a pipe to its minimum wall thickness. This number is constant for all

sizes of pipe of a given material and pressure rating.

Wet System

A system employing automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system containing water and connected to a water

supply so that the water discharges immediately from sprinklers opened by a fire.

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2. GENERAL INFORMATION

2.1 Product Information

2.1.1 Plastic piping for sprinkler systems can be identical in materials, sizes, wall thicknesses, and other design

and manufacturing aspects to plastic piping for domestic or process water systems. Some specializedfittings designed to facilitate sprinkler installation are available, and many products have been specifically

designed for fire protection service. However, this is not a requirement of Approval, provided that allcriteria of this standard are met.

2.1.2 Piping is usually either extruded (pipes) or injection molded (fittings) of specific thermoplastic

formulations, in conformance to nationally or internationally recognized standards.

2.1.3 Pipe and fittings usually must be of the same material to provide for secure jointing. Chlorinated polyvinyl

chloride (CPVC) based products typically are joined by solvent cementing, while polyolefin based products

are usually joined by thermal fusion methods. Composite, reinforced (thermosetting) products are usually

joined by epoxy cements or mechanical connections.

2.2 Approval Application Requirements

To apply for an Approval examination, the manufacturer, or its authorized representative, should submit a request to:

Hydraulics Group Manager

FM Approvals Hydraulics Laboratory

743A Reynolds Road

West Glocester, RI 02814U.S.A.

The manufacturer shall provide the following preliminary information with any request for Approval consideration:

A complete list of all models, types, sizes, and options for the products or services being submitted for Approval

consideration;

General assembly drawings and one complete set of manufacturing drawings;

Materials list(s) and material specifications; Anticipated marking format;

Brochures, sales literature, specification sheets;

Installation, operation and maintenance procedures; and

The number and location of manufacturing facilities.

All documents shall be part of a controlled system and shall identify the manufacturer’s name, document number or

other form of reference, title, date of last revision, and revision level. All foreign language documents shall be

provided with English translation.

2.3 Requirements for Samples for Examination

2.3.1 Following set-up and authorization of an Approval examination, the manufacturer shall submit samples for

examination and testing. Sample requirements are to be determined by FM Approvals following review of

the preliminary information. Sample requirements may vary depending on formulation features and resultsof prior testing. Testing shall use regular production pipe and fittings assembled per the manufacturer’s

published instructions. All joining techniques submitted shall be tested in all sizes submitted. However, all

configurations need not be tested for qualification of a given line. FM Approvals will designate those items

to be tested which, in its judgment, adequately sample the designs. Any decision to use data generatedutilizing prototypes is at the discretion of FM Approvals. The manufacturer’s test facilities may be used for

testing. If testing is performed at the FM Approvals Hydraulics Laboratory, it is the manufacturer’s

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responsibility to provide any necessary test fixtures. Any manufacturer supplied test fixtures shall be

returned to the manufacturer at their request.

2.3.2 In order to qualify for automatic sprinkler system service, plastic piping shall be examined on a design-by-

design, manufacturer-by-manufacturer, and plant-by-plant basis. This is because the manufacture of plastic piping requires sufficient art in its execution that identical designs, executed in identical materials by

different manufacturers or, even by different plants of the same manufacturer, have been seen to perform

differently in testing. Sample piping, selected in conformance to this criterion shall satisfy all of thefollowing performance requirements and be installed in a manner identifiable as being within the scope of

conditions defined by the testing.

2.3.3 The Approval examination consists of determination of hydrostatic design basis ( HDB) of the specific

material used, verification of an appropriate design factor of safety, tests of mechanical durability and practicality, and other tests, as noted. A complete review of installation specifications shall be conducted to

assure, as far as possible, a practical and reliable installation. Inspection of the product manufacturing

facility shall be conducted to assure conformance with the requisite tests and specifications.

3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Approval Limitation

Approval of pipe and fittings made with a specific compound shall be limited to use with the specific bonding agent

or method used in the Approval testing. As such, Approval of multiple compounds and bonding agents, and

combinations thereof, shall require a complete test program for each compound or bonding agent combination.

3.2 Review of Documentation

During the initial investigation and prior to physical testing, the manufacturer’s specifications, technical data sheets,

and design details shall be reviewed to assess the ease and practicality of installation and use. The product shall becapable of being used within the limits of the Approval investigation.

3.3 Design Requirements

3.3.1 Plastic pipe may be formed of either homogeneous or composite materials. Either type of material shall be

assigned a hydrostatic design basis ( HDB) for water at both 73F (23C) and at least 120F (49C). Theupper temperature limit is to be specified by the manufacturer seeking Approval. These HDB values shall

be derived from sustained pressure tests conducted in accordance with ASTM D1598-08 and evaluated in

accordance with ASTM D 2837-08 for thermoplastic materials. The testing shall have been performed on pipe made of the same raw material as that of the pipe submitted for Approval and produced on equipment

and under conditions equivalent to those to be used in its commercial production. The hydrostatic design

stress ( HDS ) shall then be established by multiplying the HDB by a factor of no greater than 0.5. The actualfactor used shall be lower if necessary to provide at least a projected 50 year life at the rated pressure and

temperature. If the Plastic Pipe Institute (PPI) has certified the material in question to have an HDB meetingthese requirements, even if that certification is based upon a documented equivalency to other pipe rather

than on direct testing to the pipe submitted for Approval, that HDB shall be acceptable.

The manufacturer shall submit the long term hydrostatic test data used to calculate the HDB. FM Approvalswill verify the calculations and the suitability of the data per the applicable ASTM standard.

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The purpose of assigning an HDS at two temperatures is as follows:

Generally, the HDS developed for the higher temperature will be the lesser value. Thus, the HDS will

determine the pressure rating.

The HDS developed at 73F (23C) is for convenience of conducting tests at this temperature forevaluation of the adequacy of the design factor.

The assumption is that reduction in strength of the piping caused by abuse and measured at the 73F

(23C) temperature will be proportional to those for the higher temperature. Thus, it will not benecessary to conduct abuse tests at the higher temperature.

3.3.2 Plastic fitting materials shall be only those defined by a recognized material specification.

3.3.3 Because of the possibility of connection to the domestic water system, plastic piping shall use only

components made of materials suitable for potable water service, as listed for this service by the NSF

Testing Laboratories, the CSA Testing Laboratory or other nationally recognized and accredited testing

laboratories. Tests shall be made in accordance with requirements equivalent to those of Section 3 and 4 of

NSF Standard No. 61, at minimum.

3.3.4 All piping shall be designed and manufactured in accordance with the dimensional and other requirements

of the recognized national standard for the products in question. Where such a standard does not exist, the

manufacturer shall be prepared to submit detailed dimensional drawings for all items and shall attempt toconform to generally accepted industry practice for comparable products.

3.3.5 The minimum nominal pipe size for all pipe and fittings shall be 3/4 in.

3.3.6 The minimum water passage through all pipe and fittings and all joints of every type shall be 5/8 in.

(15.9 mm) diameter.

3.3.7 All items shall be pressure rated at no fewer than two temperatures. The minimum pressure rating at both

temperatures shall be 175 psi (1205 kPa). The two pressure temperatures shall be 73 F (23C) and at least

120F (49).

3.3.8 The maximum pressure ratings for pipe at both rating temperatures shall be determined using the following

relation and the hydrostatic design stress ( HDS ) values for each temperature as defined in Paragraph 3.3.1:

PR = (2 x HDS) ÷ (SDR – 1)

Where: PR = the pressure rating in psi or kPa,

HDS = the hydrostatic design stress in the same units, and

SDR = the dimension ratio of the pipe

A manufacturer need not take full advantage of the properties of his material in establishing pressure

ratings. That is, more conservative ratings than those derived from this calculation may be assigned, as longas the minimum requirements of Paragraph 3.3.7 have been met.

3.3.9 Pressure ratings for plastic fittings cannot be easily determined. Fittings submitted for use with a given pipe

must be of compatible material characteristics and shall not fail before the pipe when tested to meet the

requirements of Paragraph 4.2.

3.3.10 Fittings may be designed for any type of connection to pipe, provided that the performance requirements of

this standard are met. However, when the joining method is other than tapered pipe threads (NPT), adapterfittings shall be provided to connect pipe and fittings to NPT system components. NPT connections shall be

designed in accordance with the Standard for Pipe Threads, ANSI/ASME B1.20.1. Alternatively, pipe

fittings intended for sale outside the United States may be supplied with pipe threads conforming to therelevant recognized national standard that will provide compatibility with that nation’s automatic sprinkler

system components.

3.3.11 All tests, unless otherwise noted, shall be performed at an ambient temperature of 73F (23C).

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3.4 Markings

3.4.1 All FM Approved piping shall bear the FM Approvals Certification Mark.

3.4.2 Piping shall also be marked in accordance with the recognized national standard to which it is made.

3.4.3 A national standard notwithstanding, pipe shall also carry at least the following minimum markings:

Manufacturer’s name, code or trademark

Material designation

Nominal size

Specific source code, indicating location of manufacture (if more than one)

Date of manufacture code

Pressure rating, or class, and rating temperature

If FM Approved for unexposed service only, the words “UNEXPOSED SERVICE ONLY” in close

juxtaposition to the FM Approvals Certification Mark

3.4.4 Pipe shall be marked, at minimum, every 3 feet (1 m)

3.4.5 A national standard notwithstanding, each fitting shall also carry at least the following minimum markings:

Manufacturer’s name, code or trademark

Material designation

Nominal size

Specific source code, indicating location of manufacture (if more than one)

Unique item identification, traceable to catalogued pressure rating, or class, and rating temperature

Mold cavity identification

3.4.6 All markings shall be legible throughout the useful life of the product

3.5 Manufacturer’s Installation and Operation Instructions

The manufacturer shall provide installation instructions which clearly indicate whether the pipe and fittings qualified

under this standard are manufactured for exposed or unexposed, wet system service. For unexposed service,

suggested suitable minimum enclosure requirements (non-combustible, firestops, etc.) shall be stated as well as

insulation requirements for piping to be routed in enclosures exposed to freezing temperature. Suitable designs fortransition connections to other materials shall be specified. Hanger types, spacing, and configurations shall also be

specified. Minimum bending radii and other relevant installation cautions shall be specified. FM Approvals shall

determine the minimum acceptable extent of these instructions based upon the specific nature of the pipe and fittings

submitted for Approval and upon trials of the joining methods and other relevant techniques specified. Any

instructions specific to Approval constraints may be labeled as such. FM Approvals required instructions may beincluded in a more general instruction publication, provided that it is clearly stated that Approval of these products is

contingent upon observance of the FM Approvals’ constraints.

3.6 Calibration

Each piece of equipment used to verify the test parameters shall be calibrated within an interval determined on the

basis of its stability, purpose, and usage. A copy of the calibration certificate for each piece of test equipment shall

be submitted to FM Approvals for its records. The certificate shall indicate that the calibration was performedagainst working standards whose calibration is certified as traceable to the National Institute of Standards and

Technology (NIST) or traceable to other acceptable reference standards and certified by an ISO 17025 "General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories" calibration laboratory. The test

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The surge pressure allowance shall be that produced by a 15 ft/sec (4.6 m/sec) instantaneous velocity

change and calculated per the relation:

PS 15 = 927.6 ÷ [1 + (294,000 x Di )/(E x t)]0.5

where: PS 15 = the surge pressure (psi) for that velocity change, Di = the nominal internal diameter of the pipe (in.),

E = the modulus of elasticity for the pipe material (psi), and

t = the nominal wall thickness of the pipe (in.).

The equivalent relation in SI units is:

PS 15 = 6397 ÷ [1 + 42,640 x Di /(E x t)]0.5

with PS 15 and E in units of kilopascals and Di and t in units of millimeters.

Fittings shall not fail at lower pressure than pipe.

The intent of the requirement is that plastic piping possesses sufficient hydrostatic strength to prevent

leakage or other failure over a 50-year service life.

4.2.2 Test/Verification

At least one sample of each size pipe, fitting, and connection design shall be subjected to a 73 F (23C)

quick-burst hydrostatic test. In this test the internal pressure shall be raised from 0 to the minimum required

pressure, QB, in not less than 60 and not more than 70 seconds. The pressure shall then be increased beyond

the calculated minimum QB at the same rate of rise until failure occurs. The measured QB shall be recordedfor use in evaluating the adequacy of the service factor.

4.3 Pressure Cycling

4.3.1 Requirement

Piping shall withstand 100,000 cycles from 0 to its 73F (23C) pressure rating at a frequency of one cycle

every 5 to 10 seconds without leakage, separation, or permanent distortion. The intent of the requirement is

that pressure fluctuations not loosen joints nor result in other creep-related failures.


Test samples shall be installed in the cycle pressure test apparatus described in Appendix A and cycled from

0 psi (0 kPa) to their 73F (23C) pressure rating, 175 psi (1205 kPa) minimum, at a frequency of one cycleevery 5 to 10 seconds for 100,000 cycles. No leakage, joint separation, or permanent distortion shall result.

4.4 Impact Resistance

4.4.1 Requirement

A 10 ft-lb (1.38 m-kg) impact shall not impair hydrostatic integrity of pipe, fittings, or joints. The intent ofthe requirement is that piping be resistant to minor impacts encountered in handling, installation, and

service.


At least one sample assembly of each size pipe and "fitting type" submitted for Approval, while resting

across the narrow face of a length of nominal 2 x 3 standard construction lumber, shall be impacted with a

5 lb (2.27 kg) weight having a spherical impact nose as specified for a "B tup" in ANSI/ASTM D 2444-99(2005). The tup shall be dropped from a height of 2 ft. (0.61 m) once on the pipe wall, once on the "critical

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area" of each fitting, and once on the joint between the fitting and pipe. A "fitting type" is determined by

inspection for the design of the various fittings submitted. For example, if wall thicknesses are identical, a

90 elbow and 45 elbow should be of the same "fitting type" and a test of a given size 90 elbow would

suffice for the same size 45 elbow. Similarly, tees, reducing tees, and crosses are of the same "fitting type",

as are couplings and reducers. The "critical area" of a fitting selected for impact is that area which would be

the most vulnerable when the fitting is assembled to pipe. For most fittings this is the upper horizontalsurface when the fitting joins horizontal pipes. Because of the difficulty in design of transition fittings,

which connect the plastic piping to non-plastic piping or devices, all such fittings shall be subjected to theimpact test.

4.4.3 Subsequent to undergoing impact tests, all samples shall be subjected to a "quick-burst" hydrostatic test.

Failure pressures shall not be less than their rated pressure plus the allowance for surge, calculated as

described in Paragraph 4.2.1. Failure pressure data shall be used to test the adequacy of the service factor asdescribed in Section 4.17.

4.5 Crush Resistance

4.5.1 Requirement

A 200 lbf (890 N) crushing load shall not impair hydrostatic integrity of pipe, fittings, or joints. All

transition fittings shall be tested. The intent of the requirement is that plastic piping be resistant to minorcrushing loads such as being stepped upon.


At least one sample assembly of each size pipe, fitting type, and joint shall be subjected to a 200 lbf (890 N)

load for 10 seconds while retained between two pieces of nominal 2 x 3 standard construction lumber. The

test configuration shall be per Appendix B. Subsequently, the tested sample(s) shall be examined for visiblesigns of collapse. If collapse is observed, a head loss test shall be conducted to measure the hydraulic effect.

Head loss shall not be more than 5 percent greater than for equivalent, undamaged assemblies.

Subsequent to the crush test, all test assemblies shall be closed and subjected to a “quick-burst" hydrostatictest. Evaluation of the results shall be as described in Paragraph 4.4.3.

4.6 High Ambient Temperature Exposure

4.6.1 Requirement

A 45 day exposure of pipe, subjected to the hanger loadings resulting from the manufacturer's maximum

spacing and minimum hanger width recommendations and at a temperature of 200F (93C) shall not result

in a decrease in waterway area that would cause a flow reduction in excess of 5 percent at any supply pressure from 10 to 175 psi (70 to 1205 kPa). The intent of the requirement is that piping installed in

accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, shall not deform over time in such a manner as to degrade

the hydraulics of the fire protection system.


At least one sample of each size pipe shall be assembled and mounted as indicated in Appendix C. Themoment due to the anticipated weight of water-filled pipe per pipe hanger shall be calculated, based on the

manufacturer's installation instructions. Half the weight required to produce that moment shall then be

applied to each end of the test samples. The sample(s) shall then be placed in a 200F (93C) airenvironment for 45 days. Subsequently, the sample(s) shall be examined for collapsing of the waterway. If

visible collapse has occurred, a head loss test shall be conducted to measure the effect of the reduced

section. This data shall not be more than 5 percent greater than that obtained from uncollapsed pipe.

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4.7 Sustained Pressure at Elevated Temperature

4.7.1 Requirement

Piping shall sustain, at minimum, 90 percent of its 1000 h, higher rated temperature stress for a 45 dayexposure period. All transition fittings shall be tested. The intent of the requirement is that piping submitted

for tests demonstrate the applicability of the stress regression data submitted by the manufacturer in

compliance with Paragraph 3.3.1.


At least one sample of each size pipe submitted for evaluation shall be closed with the fittings of each

connection design under evaluation and subjected to a constant internal pressure while maintained at 120F

(49C) or its maximum pressure rating temperature (if higher). The pressurizing fluid shall be water and theexternal environment shall be air. The pressure level shall be calculated from the stress-regression equation

derived in conformance with Paragraph 3.3.1 using T = 1000 h. No failure shall occur throughout the

45 day duration of the test.

4.8 Cycling Ambient Temperature Exposure

4.8.1 Requirement

Assemblies incorporating each size pipe, "fitting type", and joining method shall not separate, leak, or

permanently deform when cycled between -40F (-40C) and their highest rated temperature once a day forten days. The intent of the requirement is that piping maintains hydrostatic integrity when exposed to

temperature fluctuations.


The minimum highest temperature to be used is 120F (49C). If the items under examination are pressure

rated at a higher temperature, that temperature shall be used instead of 120F (49C). Unpressurized sample

pipe and fitting assemblies shall be exposed to a -40F (-40C) environment from 6 to 18 hours. The

environment shall then be elevated to the higher rating temperature, 120F (49C) environment for the

remainder of the 24 hours. The entire sequence shall be repeated ten times. If the test is not run on ten

consecutive days, the samples shall remain at -40F (-40C) during the idle time. At the end of this cycling

test the samples shall be conditioned at 73F (23C) and then be subjected to a "quick-burst" hydrostatictest. Test results shall be assessed as described in Paragraph 4.4.3.

4.9 Vibration

4.9.1 Requirement

Piping joints shall withstand 30 hours of vibration at the amplitudes and frequencies specified below. No

separation, leakage or other failure shall occur. Each joining method submitted shall be evaluated. The

intent of the requirement is that piping joint integrity not be degraded by vibration found in building

structures.

4.9.2 Evaluation

Sample assemblies, as depicted in Appendix D, shall be subjected to a vibration of 0.02 in. (0.5 mm)

amplitude at a varying frequency ranging from 18 to 37 Hz for a period of 5 hours while internally

pressurized to their 73F (23C) rated pressure. The cycle period shall be 25 ± 5 seconds. If one or moreresonant points can clearly be detected, the assemblies shall be vibrated at that frequency or frequencies for

periods of the remaining 25 hours of the test proportionate to the number of resonant frequencies

discovered. If no resonant frequency is detected, then tests shall be conducted at the amplitudes,

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frequencies, and time periods noted in Table 4.9. At minimum, this test shall be conducted on nominal 1 in.

assemblies.

Table 4.9 Vibration Test Conditions

Amplitude Total Displacement Frequency Time

in. (mm) in. (mm) Hz Hours

0.010 (0.25) 0.020 (0.51) 28 5

0.020 (0.51) 0.040 (1.04) 28 50.075 (1.90) 0.150 (3.81) 28 5

0.020 (0.51) 0.040 (1.04) 18 to 37 (variable) 5

0.035 (0.89) 0.070 (1.78) 18 to 37 (variable) 5

For this test, the amplitude is defined as the maximum displacement of sinusoidal motion from a position of

rest to one-half of the total vibration machine table displacement.

Following the vibration exposure, the sample assemblies shall be subjected to "quick-burst" hydrostatic test.

The results shall be assessed as described in Paragraph 4.4.3.

4.10 Head Loss (Resistance to Flow)

4.10.1 Requirement

Head loss measurements shall be conducted on pipes for which a Hazen-Williams "C " value of more than

150 is claimed. Such a test is also required of pipe for which no generally accepted "C " value exists.

Fittings providing clear waterways of at least the inside diameter of the pipe need not be tested for flowrestriction. Fittings having less than the full nominal size waterway shall be tested and the results expressed

in terms of equivalent lengths of pipe of the same nominal diameter as the inlet of the fitting. These values

shall not exceed those listed in Table 8.4.4(c) in NFPA l3D-2010 by more than 5 percent. The intent of the

requirement is that head losses of piping be known for the hydraulic calculation design of sprinkler systems.

4.10.2 Evaluation

Pipe requiring a head loss test shall be subjected to various flows and the loss of pressure over a 10 ft.(3.05m) length measured. This loss shall be used in the Hazen-Williams friction loss formula to calculate a

"C " value. That value shall substantially agree with that published by the manufacturer. If substantial

disagreement with published values is found or if no published values exist, then the "C " value determined

by test shall be listed.

Fittings having a waterway, when assembled to pipe, of less than that of the same nominal size pipe shall be

flow tested to determine their actual head loss. This loss information shall be included in the listings of the

fittings to assist system hydraulic calculations, if greater than 5 percent in excess of those tabulated in NFPA l3D-2010.

4.11 Damage Resistance

4.11.1 Requirement

Scratches and abrasions of depths equal to 10 percent of the wall thickness shall not cause hydrostaticfailure of pipe. The intent of the requirement is that plastic piping shall maintain hydrostatic integrity when

sustaining scratches and other minor damage likely to be regarded as superficial by the installer or user.

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A representative size shall be selected for testing. Typically, three 1 in. nominal diameter samples shall be

tested. Samples shall consist of pipe segments 10 nominal diameters long between fittings. Each end shall

be provided with either a pressurization or a venting connection. Two samples shall be scratched with asingle edge razor blade to a depth equal to one tenth of the nominal wall thickness. One sample shall be

scratched perpendicularly to the axis of the pipe. This scratch shall be at full depth only at its center. The

second sample shall be scratched parallel to its axis. This scratch shall be at full depth for a lengthequivalent to one nominal pipe diameter. The ends of the scratch shall be angled at no more than 45 degrees

to the surface of the pipe. The bottom of both scratches shall be perpendicular to the diameter of the pipe.

The surface of the third sample shall be hand filed by an amount equal to one tenth of the nominal wall

thickness, in an area no longer than one nominal pipe diameter. The filed surface shall be flat and perpendicular to the diameter of the pipe.

Scratched and abraded areas shall be located approximately centrally on the samples. Appendix E illustrates

the three sample configurations.

Samples shall be subjected to a "quick-burst" hydrostatic test. The results shall be assessed as described in

Paragraph 4.4.3.

4.12 Bending Moment Resistance

4.12.1 Requirement

The external loads imposed on piping as a result of normal installation geometry shall not impair

hydrostatic integrity. The intent of the requirement is that piping shall resist the bending loads caused by its

weight and hanger spacing.


Each size of pipe and connection design shall be tested. The sample arrangement and test configuration isillustrated in Appendix F.

The required force ( F B) is determined by the relation:

F B = w x (S/L)2

Where: F B = force required in test (lb.)

w = weight per foot of the water filled pipe (lbs.)S = maximum hanger spacing (ft.), and

L = span between end supports in the test set-up (ft.).

While constantly under the bending load so determined, each sample shall be subjected to a "quick-burst"

hydrostatic test. The results shall be assessed as described in Paragraph 4.4.3.

4.13 Tolerance for Enforced Bends

4.13.1 Requirement

If the manufacturer's installation instructions permit piping to be installed with enforced bends, those bends

shall not impair hydrostatic integrity. Each size of pipe shall sustain a "quick-burst" hydrostatic test while

held in an enforced bend of the minimum radius permitted in the manufacturer's installation instructions,without violating its service factor.

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Test samples shall be assembled with a pressurization or venting connection at each end. Samples shall be

of sufficient length to describe a 90 degree arc at the minimum bending radius specified plus an additional

20 nominal pipe diameters of length. A structure of nominal 2x4 construction lumber shall be assembled toforce the pipe into the bend and hold it in that position during test. Three points of restraint shall be

maintained. The 2x4's shall contact the pipe at the center, inside of the bend, and the outer outside ends of

the bend. Lateral restraint shall be provided to prevent the pipe from moving along the 2x4's. The points ofcontact shall be corners of the 2x4's, rather than their flat surfaces.

The samples shall be subjected to "quick-burst" hydrostatic tests. The results shall be assessed as described

in Paragraph 4.4.3.

4.14 Thermal Expansion and Contraction

4.14.1 Requirement

The maximum tensile force produced by a temperature decrease of 100F (56C) acting on a length of pipe

equal to the maximum hanger spacing shall be imposed on sample piping. No violation of the pressurerating factor of safety shall result. Plastic piping typically exhibits large thermal expansion coefficients. The

restraints imposed by installation hanging and fixing result in axial forces in piping when temperature

changes occur. The intent of this requirement is that such forces shall not impair the hydrostatic integrity ofthe system.


Representative test samples shall be selected. Typically, a sample shall consist of two segments of pipe,

each three feet (1 m) long, joined in the center to a fitting, and provided with a pressurization or venting

connection at each end. A constant axial tension force ( F t ) shall be imposed on the sample throughout the

test. This force is calculated by the relation:

F t = π x (d x t - t 2 ) x E x a x ΔT

Where: F t = tensile force due to temperature,

d = pipe outside diameter,t = pipe wall thickness,

E = modulus of elasticity (units of Force per Area),a = thermal coefficient of expansion (units of length per unit length per thermal degree), and

ΔT = temperature change, 100F (56C).

While under its appropriately calculated F t , each sample shall be subjected to a "quick-burst" hydrostatic

test. The results shall be assessed as described in Paragraph 4.4.3.

4.15 Ultraviolet (UV) Resistance

4.15.1 Requirement

Plastic pipe shall not exhibit a decrease in hydrostatic integrity, below that accounted for by the safety

factor, as a result of exposure to a combined 96 hours of UV “B” and condensation. Piping, prior to

installation, may be stored outdoors. UV “B” radiation in sunlight causes degradation of plastics. The intent

of this requirement is that such degradation shall not impair the ability to join the pipe and/or fittings nor itssubsequent hydrostatic integrity.

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A minimum of six pipe samples of a representative size shall be selected. Typically, samples of the nominal

1 in. size 1 ft. (0.3 m) long shall be used. Samples shall be rinsed in water and wiped dry with paper towels.

Samples shall then be installed in a fluorescent UV “B” condensation type weathering apparatus, asdescribed in ASTM G154-06. Ultraviolet "B" fluorescent lamps shall be used. (UV "B" radiation is the

most destructive component remaining in sunlight reaching the earth's surface). Exposure duration shall be

96 hours with a continuously repeated cycle of 8 hours of UV “B” and 4 hours of condensation. The cabinettemperature shall be 145F (63C) during the condensation portion.

After exposure the samples shall be allowed to cool to ambient temperature, dried, and then joined to end

fittings providing pressurization or venting connections and subjected to a "quick- burst" hydrostatic test.Test results shall be assessed as described in Paragraph 4.4.3.

4.16 Permanence of Markings

4.16.1 Requirement

Normal handling and weathering shall not render markings illegible. Markings shall be water and oilresistant.


Representative samples of pipe and fittings shall be selected. Samples shall be subjected to water immersion

for 5 minutes per day for 10 days. After each sample is removed from the water each day, it shall be rubbedvigorously on the marked surface with paper towels. Marking shall not smear, bleed, or deposit residue on

the towels. After the conclusion of the 10 days of water exposure testing, the samples shall be covered with

petroleum-based grease and remain undisturbed for 24 hours. After that time has elapsed, the grease shall be

removed from the samples by wiping with paper towels. Vigorous rubbing of the marked surface shall not

result in smearing, bleeding, or other removal of markings. Molded or embossed markings need not besubjected to this test.

4.17 Service Factor

4.17.1 Requirement

Adverse conditions shall not reduce the pressure capacity of the piping by more than that accounted for by

the service factor. A maximum service factor of 0.5 shall be allowed on hydrostatic design for the pressure

rating of the pipe under all conditions of service.


The result of the hydrostatic tests of Paragraph 5.2 shall be termed the "base-line quick-burst pressure":

(QBb) for a given size. The lowest result for a given size from the tests of Sections 4.4, 4.5., 4.8, 4.9, 4.11,4.12, 4.13, 4.14, or 4.15, whichever is the lowest, shall be termed the "impaired quick-burst pressure" (QBi).

The relation: F = (QBi - PS 15 ) ÷ (QBb - PS 15 )

where PS 15 is the surge pressure allowance for an instantaneous water velocity change of 15 ft/sec (4.6 m/s),

shall be used to calculate a service factor ( F ) for each size. The least of these calculated F 's shall be

identified. If that F is less than 0.5, then it shall be used to recalculate the hydrostatic design basis ( HDB)for both rating temperatures by the relation:

HDS = HDB x F

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and a corresponding new pressure rating for the pipe shall be calculated for both rating temperatures as

follows:

PR = (2 x HDS) ÷ (SDR - 1)

where PR is the pressure rating, and SDR is the dimension ratio of the pipe.

Approval shall be limited to a new PR, so derived. A product having a PR less than 175 psi (1205 kPa) can

not be FM Approved.

4.18 Chemical Compatibility Test for Environmental Stress Cracking between Plastic Piping Products and Steel

Sprinkler Pipe with Antimicrobial (AMC) and/or Antibacterial Coatings/Films

If one of the intended uses of the plastic pipe and fittings is in hybrid sprinkler systems using internally coated steel

pipe (i.e. plastic pipe connected to internally coated steel pipe), evaluation of plastic pipe and fittings under this

standard shall include chemical compatibility testing with all FM Approved manufacturer applied internally coated

steel pipe (i.e. internally coated by the manufacturer) in accordance with Appendix N.

4.18.1 Requirement

When exposed to a solution of deionized (DI) water and the extract from Antimicrobial (AMC) or

Antibacterial coated steel pipe, Type V tensile specimens of plastic pipe shall experience neither an averagereduction of more than 20 percent in Tensile Stress at Yield nor an average reduction of more than50 percent in Elongation at Break when compared to unexposed control specimens. There shall be no cracks

or crazes visually observable on the tensile surface and edges of exposed specimens for all specified

exposure periods. Results of this testing will be reported as PASS or FAIL in the applicable test

documentation. When testing is required for compatibility with plastic fittings only, special considerations

will be given to the shape of the test samples and will be determined by FM Approvals at the time of projectinitiation.


Testing shall be performed in accordance with Appendix N.

4.19 Additional Tests

At the discretion of FM Approvals additional tests may be required, depending on design features, results of any

tests, material application, or to verify the integrity and reliability of the pipe and/or fittings.

Unexplained failures shall not be permitted. A re-test shall only be acceptable at the discretion of FM Approvals with

adequate technical justification of the conditions and reasons for failure.

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5. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS - EXPOSED

In addition to the requirements outlined in Section 4 of this standard, plastic piping that is to be FM Approved for

exposed/unexposed service must also meet the performance requirements of the nine fire tests, as defined in Sections

5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, and 5.9, of this standard.

Fire test enclosure dimensions, sprinkler types, fire growth types, and test fire loads are defined in Table

5.1 below:

Table 5.1 Fire Tests

Fire

Test Enclosure Dimensions

Sprinkler Tested

Fire Type Test Fire Load Type

K-Factor

gpm/(psi)1/2

[dm 3 /min/(kPa)1/2 ]

1 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft.(6.1 m x 6.1 m x 3 m)

QRECLH Pendent K = 5.6[8.1]

Slow Growing 2 IMO Cribs

2 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft.

(6.1 m x 6.1 m x 3 m)

QRECLH Pendent K = 8.0

[11.5]


3 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft.

(6.1 m x 6.1 m x 3 m)

Residential Pendent K = 5.5

[7.9]

Slow Growing 1 ¾ IMO Cribs

4 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft.

(6.1 m x 6.1 m x 3 m)

Residential Pendent K = 5.5

[7.9]

Fast Growing SFP

5 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft.(6.1 m x 6.1 m x 3 m)

Residential Pendent K = 5.5[7.9]

Slow Growing 1 IMO Crib

6 20 ft. x 16 ft. x 10 ft.

(6.1 m x 4.9 m x 3 m)

Residential Sidewall K = 5.6

[8.1]

Fast Growing SFP

7 20 ft. x 16 ft. x 10 ft.(6.1 m x 4.9 m x 3 m)

Residential Sidewall K = 5.6[8.1]


8 20 ft. x 16 ft. x 10 ft.

(6.1 m x 4.9 m x 3 m)

QRECLH Sidewall K = 5.6

[8.1]


9 24 ft. x 16 ft. x 10 ft.

(7.3 m x 4.9 m x 3 m)

QRECLH Sidewall K = 8.0

[11.5]


Enclosure dimensions are based on the maximum coverage area of the following six sprinkler types used in this

test program:

QREC pendent (K = 5.6 gpm/(psi)1/2) [8.1 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2]

QREC pendent (K = 8.0 gpm/(psi)1/2) [11.5 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2]

Residential pendent (K = 5.5 gpm/(psi)1/2) [7.9 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2]

Residential sidewall (K = 5.6 gpm/(psi)1/2) [8.1 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2]

QREC sidewall (K = 5.6 gpm/(psi)1/2) [8.1 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2]

QREC sidewall (K = 8.0 gpm/(psi)1/2) [11.5 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2]

Ceiling gas temperatures shall be monitored at three locations during the fire tests. The thermocouples, K-type30 gauge, shall be place 1 inch below the ceiling. These thermocouples shall be designated TC1, TC2 and TC3.

The location of the thermocouples shall be in the format of TC1 (x, y). The numbers in the parentheses are the

distance in feet from the origin (0, 0) in the x-and y direction respectively. See individual fire tests for specific

locations of the thermocouples TC1, TC2 and TC3.

Water temperature inside the sprinkler pipes shall be monitored during the fire tests. A thermocouple shall beinserted into the pipes through the sprinkler fittings to a location as close as practically possible to the test fire as

defined in Sections 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8 and 5.9 of this standard. This thermocouple shall be

designated as TC4. The location of the thermocouples shall be in the format of TC4 (x, y). The numbers in the

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parentheses are the distance in feet from the origin (0, 0) in the x-and y direction respectively. See individual

fire tests for specific locations of thermocouple TC4.

Sprinkler actuation shall be detected by a thermocouple installed in close proximity to the sprinkler deflector.

This thermocouple shall be designated as TC5.

In order to measure and control water flow rates discharged from the sprinkler in each test, the static water

pressure applied to the sprinkler shall be measured by installing a pressure transducer at the end of the sprinkler pipe.

Fire tests requiring a slowly growing fire type shall use test cribs in accordance with the International Maritime

Organization (IMO) as a fuel source. An IMO crib consists of six 18 in. (455 mm) lengths of trade size nominal

2 in. x 2 in. (50 mm x 50 mm) kiln-dried spruce of fir lumber per layer, having a moisture content between9 percent and 13 percent. The members are placed in four alternate layers at right angles to one another. The

members are to be evenly spaced forming an 18 in. x 18 in. (455 mm x 455 mm) square structure, as shown in

Appendix G. The heat release rate of each IMO crib is approximately 300 kW. The IMO cribs are placed above

the ignition source as shown in Appendix H.

Fire tests requiring a fast growing fire shall use an FM Global Research simulated furniture package (SFP), as

shown in Appendix I, as a fuel source. The materials required for a SFP are: (1) two 4 ft. wide x 10 ft. high x

¼ in. thick (1.2 m x 3.0 m x 6.4 mm) Douglas Fir plywood sheets, (2) simulated furniture that shall be made up

of foam cushions attached to a plywood backing and supported by a steel frame. The cushions shall consist oftwo pieces of uncovered pure polypropylene oxide polyol, polyether foam having a density of 1.70 lb/ft 3 to

1.90 lb/ft3 (27.2 kg/m3 to 30.4 kg/m3) and measuring 34 in. wide x 30 in. high x 3 in. thick (860 mm wide x

760 mm high x 76 mm thick). Five samples of the polyether foam shall be tested for burning characteristics andthe average properties shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 5.2. Each foam cushion shall be

fixed to a 35 in. x 31 in. (890 mm x 790 mm), nominal 1/2 in. (12.7 mm) thick plywood backing using an

aerosol urethane foam adhesive. Location of the foam on the plywood shall result in a 0.5 in. (13 mm) gap

between the sides of the cushion and the sides of the backing, and a 1 in. (25 mm) gap between the bottom of thecushion and the bottom of the backing as illustrated in Appendix I. The foam cushion and plywood backing

assembly shall be conditioned at 70°F ± 5°F (21°C ± 2.8°C) and 50 percent ± 10 percent relative humidity for at

least 24 hours prior to testing. Before each test, the foam and plywood backing assembly shall be placed in a

steel support frame that holds the assembly in the vertical position. (3) the previously described IMO crib placedover a 12 in. x 12 in. x 4 in. (305 mm x 305 mm x 102 mm) pan containing 0.53 gal (200 ml) of water and

0.53 gal (200 ml) of heptane, and (4) ceiling tiles covering a 4 ft. x 10 ft. (1.2 m x 3 m) area with a specificationof having a Flame Spread Index of 25 in accordance with criteria defined in ASTM E84-09c.

Table 5.2 Required Burning Characteristics of Polyether Foam

Property Test Method Requirement

Chemical Heat of

Combustion

Test method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for

Materials and products Using Oxygen ConsumptionCalorimeter, ASTM E1354-97 at 30 kW/m2 heat flux

22 kJ/g ± 3 kJ/g

Peak Heat Release

Rate (HRR)

Test method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for

Materials and products Using Oxygen Consumption

Calorimeter, ASTM E1354-97 at 30 kW/m2 heat flux

230 kW/m2 ± 50 kW/m2

The water supply shall be at the end of the pipe closest to the test fire.

Pendent sprinklers shall be installed such that the distance from the ceiling to the sprinkler deflector is 6 in.

(150 mm).

Sidewall sprinklers shall be installed such that the distance from the ceiling to the sprinkler deflector is 6 in.

(150 mm).

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5.1 Fire Test 1

5.1.1 Requirement

A K = 5.6 gpm/(psi)1/2 [8.1 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2] quick response extended coverage light hazard (QRECLH)

pendent sprinkler, with a nominal temperature rating of 155F (68C) and providing 0.1 gal/min/ft2

(4.1 mm/min) discharge density, installed in CPVC pipe in the center of a 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x

6.1 m x 3 m) test enclosure, shall be able to control a slowly growing test fire without thermal deformationof the CPVC pipe or fittings. Following suppression of the fire, the water pressure in the sprinkler pipe shall

be increased to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 10 minutes. No damage, distortion or thermal deformation to the

CPVC pipe or fittings that would impair the operation of the sprinkler or sprinkler system is permitted. The

sprinkler shall then be plugged and the sprinkler piping system shall be hydrostatically tested to 175 psi(1205 kPa) for 2 minutes. Through visual inspection, no water leakage from the sprinkler piping system is

permitted.


A K = 5.6 gpm/(psi)1/2 [8.1 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2] QRECLH pendent sprinkler with nominal a temperature

rating of 155F (68C) shall be installed at the center of a 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x 6.1 m x 3 m) test

enclosure as shown in Figure 5.1. The CPVC piping arrangement shall consist of SDR 13.5 CPVC pipe and

schedule 40 or 80 fittings and shall be nominal 1 inch size. Prior to testing, the integrity of the piping

system shall be verified by subjecting the piping system to a hydrostatic pressure of 175 psi (1205 kPa) fora period of 5 minutes. No leakage is permitted.

Temperature of the water inside the sprinkler pipe shall be monitored by thermocouple TC4 embedded inthe pipe directly above the center of the test fire located at x, y coordinates (1, 10) as shown in Figure 5.1.

Ceiling gas temperatures shall be monitored at 3 locations during the fire tests. The x, y coordinates of the

three thermocouple measuring points shall be as follows: TC1 (1.0, 8.5); TC2 (1.0, 9.5); and TC3(1.0, 10.5), as shown in Figure 5.1.

Two IMO cribs shall be placed 2 in. (50 mm) above a 6 in. (152 mm) diameter heptane filled ignition

source. The IMO cribs shall be located below the end section of the sprinkler pipe as shown in Figure 5.1.

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Figure 5.1 – Set-Up for Fire Test 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3

The time required for sprinkler actuation after ignition of the ignition source, detected by thermocouple

TC5, shall be recorded, as well as temperature values for each thermocouple. Thermocouple TC5 shall beinstalled in close proximity to the sprinkler deflector. The average water supply pressure to the sprinkler

pipe during sprinkler operation shall provide a 0.1 gal/min/ft2 (4.1 mm/min) discharge density. Once the fire

is suppressed, the water pressure shall be increased to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 10 minutes.

All thermocouple and water pressure measurements shall be recorded throughout the duration of the test.Water temperature, measured by thermocouple TC4, shall be below the pipe manufacturer’s published

thermal deformation temperature through the duration of the test.

The sprinkler shall then be removed and replaced with a plug and the sprinkler pipe and fittings shall be

hydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 2 minutes. No water leakage from the sprinkler pipingsystem is permitted.

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5.2 Fire Test 2

5.2.1 Requirement

A K = 8.0 gpm/(psi)1/2 [11.5 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2] QRECLH pendent sprinkler, with nominal temperature

rating of 155F (68C) and providing 0.1 gal/min/ft2 (4.1 mm/min) discharge density, installed in CPVC

pipe in the center of a 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x 6.1 m x 3 m) test enclosure, shall be able to control a

slowly growing test fire without thermal deformation of the CPVC pipe or fittings. Following suppressionof the fire, the water pressure in the sprinkler pipe shall be increased to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 10 minutes.

No damage, distortion or thermal deformation to the CPVC pipe or fittings that would impair the operation

of the sprinkler or sprinkler system is permitted. The sprinkler shall then be plugged and the sprinkler

piping system shall be hydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 2 minutes. Through visual inspection,no water leakage from the sprinkler piping system is permitted.


A K = 8.0 gpm/(psi)1/2 [11.5 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2] QRECLH pendent sprinkler with nominal temperature rating

of 155F (68C) shall be installed in the CPVC pipe in the center of a 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x 6.1 m x3 m) test enclosure as shown in Figure 5.1. The CPVC piping arrangement shall consist of SDR 13.5 CPVC

pipe and schedule 40 or 80 fittings and shall nominal 1 inch size. Prior to testing, the integrity of the piping

system shall be verified by subjecting the piping system to a hydrostatic pressure of 175 psi (1205 kPa) for

a period of 5 minutes. No leakage is permitted.

Temperature of the water inside the sprinkler pipe shall be monitored by thermocouple TC4 embedded in

the pipe directly above the center of the test fire located at x, y coordinates (1, 10) as shown in Figure 5.1.


three thermocouple measuring points shall be as follows: TC1 (1.0, 8.5); TC2 (1.0, 9.5); and TC3

(1.0, 10.5), as shown in Figure 5.1.


source. The IMO cribs shall be located below the end section of the sprinkler pipe as shown in Figure 5.1.





All thermocouple and water pressure measurements shall be recorded throughout the duration of the test.

Water temperature, measured by thermocouple TC4, shall be below the pipe manufacturer’s publishedthermal deformation temperature through the duration of the test.



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5.3 Fire Test 3

5.3.1 Requirement

A K = 5.5 gpm/(psi)1/2 [7.9 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2] pendent residential sprinkler, with a nominal temperature

rating of 155F (68C) and providing 0.1 gal/min/ft2 (4.1 mm/min) discharge density, installed in CPVC

pipe in the center of a 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x 6.1 m x 3 m) test enclosure, shall be able to control a

slowly growing test fire without thermal deformation of the CPVC pipe or fittings. Following suppressionof the fire, the water pressure in the sprinkler pipe shall be increased to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 10 minutes.

No damage, distortion or thermal deformation to the CPVC pipe or fittings that would impair the operation

of the sprinkler or sprinkler system is permitted. The sprinkler shall then be plugged and the sprinkler

piping system shall be hydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 2 minutes. Through visual inspection,no water leakage from the sprinkler piping system is permitted.


A K = 5.5 gpm/(psi)1/2 [7.9 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2] pendent residential sprinkler with a nominal temperature

rating of 155F (68C) shall be installed in the CPVC pipe in the center of a 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x6.1 m x 3 m) test enclosure as shown in Figure 5.1. The CPVC piping arrangement shall consist of SDR

13.5 CPVC pipe and schedule 40 or 80 fittings and shall nominal 1 inch size. Prior to testing, the integrity

of the piping system shall be verified by subjecting the piping system to a hydrostatic pressure of 175 psi

(1205 kPa) for a period of 5 minutes. No leakage is permitted.


the pipe directly above the center of the test fire located at x, y coordinates (1, 10) as shown in Figure 5.1.


three thermocouple measuring points shall be as follows: TC1 (1.0, 8.5); TC2 (1.0, 9.5); and TC3


One and 3/4 IMO cribs shall be placed 2 in. (50 mm) above a 6 in. (152 mm) diameter heptane filled

ignition source. The IMO cribs shall be located below the end section of the sprinkler pipe as shown in

Figure 5.2.

The time required for sprinkler actuation after ignition of the ignition source, detected by thermocoupleTC5, shall be recorded, as well as temperature values for each thermocouple. Thermocouple TC5 shall beinstalled in close proximity to the sprinkler deflector. The average water supply pressure to the sprinkler



All thermocouple and water pressure measurements shall be recorded throughout the duration of the test.Water temperature, measured by thermocouple TC4, shall be below the pipe manufacturer’s published


The sprinkler shall then be removed and replaced with a plug and the sprinkler pipe and fittings shall behydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 2 minutes. No water leakage from the sprinkler piping

system is permitted.

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5.4 Fire Test 4

5.4.1 Requirement


rating of 155F (68C) providing 0.1 gal/min/ft2 (4.1 mm/min) discharge density, installed in CPVC pipe in

the center of a 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x 6.1 m x 3 m) test enclosure, shall be able to control a fast

growing test fire without thermal deformation of the CPVC pipe or fittings. Following suppression of thefire, the water pressure in the sprinkler pipe shall be increased to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 10 minutes. No

damage, distortion or thermal deformation to the CPVC pipe or fittings that would impair the operation of

the sprinkler or sprinkler system is permitted. The sprinkler shall then be plugged and the sprinkler piping

system shall be hydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 2 minutes. Through visual inspection, nowater leakage from the sprinkler piping system is permitted.

Figure 5.4 – Set-Up for Fire Test 5.4


A K = 5.5 gpm/(psi)1/2

[7.9 dm3

/min/(kPa)1/2

] pendent residential sprinkler, with a nominal temperaturerating of 155F (68C) shall be installed in the CPVC pipe in the center of a 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x6.1 m x 3 m) test enclosure as shown in Figure 5.4. The CPVC piping arrangement shall consist of SDR

13.5 CPVC pipe and schedule 40 or 80 fittings and shall be nominal 1 inch size. Prior to testing, the

integrity of the piping system shall be verified by subjecting the piping system to a hydrostatic pressure of175 psi (1205 kPa) for a period of 5 minutes. No leakage is permitted.


the pipe directly above the center of the test fire located at x, y coordinates (0.5, 18.5) as shown inFigure 5.4.

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Ceiling gas temperatures shall be monitored at 3 locations during the fire tests. The x, y coordinates of thethree thermocouple measuring points shall be as follows: TC1 (1.0, 19.5); TC2 (1.0, 18.5); and TC3


A simulated furniture package, as described in Section 5 and shown in Appendix I, shall be used as the test

fire load and located as shown in Figure 5.4. In addition to the 12 in. x 12 in. (305 mm x 305 mm) pan

containing 0.53 gal (200 ml) of water and 0.53 gal (200 ml) of heptane placed beneath the previouslydescribed IMO crib, two 6 in. long by ¼ in. diameter cotton wicks soaked with 0.27 gal (100 mL) of

heptane, shall be used as the ignition source. The heptane in the pan and the wicks shall be ignitedsimultaneously.

The time required for sprinkler actuation after ignition of the ignition source, detected by thermocoupleTC5, shall be recorded, as well as temperature values for each thermocouple. Thermocouple TC5 shall be

installed in close proximity to the sprinkler deflector. The average water supply pressure to the sprinkler




Water temperature, measured by thermocouple TC4, shall be below the pipe manufacturer’s published



hydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 2 minutes. No water leakage from the sprinkler piping


5.5 Fire Test 5

5.5.1 Requirement


rating of 155F (68C) and providing 0.1 gal/min/ft2 (4.1 mm/min) discharge density, installed in a 1 ft.

section of sprinkler pipe at the top of a CPVC pipe riser, shall be able to protect the exposed CPVC riser

pipe from long term fire exposure from a slowly growing test fire without thermal deformation of the CPVC pipe riser. The sprinkler is not meant to provide fire protection of the room where the riser is located.

Following control of the fire, the water pressure in the CPVC riser piping system shall be increased to

175 psi (1205 kPa) for 10 minutes. No damage, distortion or thermal deformation to the CPVC pipe orfittings that would impair the operation of the sprinkler or sprinkler system is permitted. The sprinkler shall

then be plugged and the CPVC riser piping system shall be hydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for

2 minutes. Through visual inspection, no water leakage from the sprinkler piping system is permitted.


A section of CPVC pipe shall be positioned vertically in the corner of a 20 ft. x 20 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x 6.1 m

x 3 m) test enclosure as shown in Figure 5.5. The distance from each wall to the outside of the CPVC pipeshall not exceed 1.5 in. An additional section of CPVC pipe, not greater than 1 ft. in length, shall be

installed to the ceiling at the top of the CPVC riser at a 45 angle from each wall of the test enclosure. AK = 5.5 gpm/(psi)1/2 [7.9 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2] pendent residential sprinkler, with a nominal temperature rating

of 155F (68C) shall be installed at the end of the 1 ft. section of sprinkler pipe. The entire CPVC pipingarrangement described above shall consist of SDR 13.5 CPVC pipe and schedule 40 or 80 fittings and shall

be nominal 1 inch size. Prior to testing, the integrity of the piping system shall be verified by subjecting the

piping system to a hydrostatic pressure of 175 psi (1205 kPa) for a period of 5 minutes. No leakage is

permitted.


the riser at a distance 2 ft. above the enclosure floor.

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three thermocouple measuring points shall be as follows: TC1 (1.0, 19.5); TC2 (1.0, 18.5); and TC3(1.0, 17.5), as shown in Figure 5.5.

One IMO crib shall be placed 2 in. (50 mm) above a 6 in. (152 mm) diameter heptane filled ignition source.

The IMO crib shall be located in the corner of the test enclosure in close proximity to the bottom of the

CPVC pipe riser as shown in Figure 5.5.


TC5, shall be recorded, as well as temperature values for each thermocouple. Thermocouple TC5 shall be


pipe during sprinkler operation shall provide a 0.1 gal/min/ft2 (4.1 mm/min) discharge density. Once the fireis under control, the water pressure shall be increased to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 10 minutes.

All thermocouple and water pressure measurements shall be recorded throughout the duration of the test.The water temperature, measured by thermocouple TC4, shall be below the pipe manufacturer’s published


The sprinkler shall then be removed and replaced with a plug and the sprinkler pipe and fittings shall behydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 2 minutes. No water leakage from the sprinkler piping


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5.6 Fire Test 6

5.6.1 Requirement

A K = 5.6 gpm/(psi)1/2 [7.9 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2] sidewall residential sprinkler, with a nominal temperature

rating of 155F (68C) and providing 0.1 gal/min/ft2 (4.1 mm/min) discharge density, installed in the center

of a CPVC sidewall sprinkler pipe, along the wall of a 20 ft. x 16 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x 4.9 m x 3 m) test

enclosure, shall be able to control a fast growing test fire without thermal deformation of the CPVC pipe orfittings. Following suppression of the fire, the water pressure in the sprinkler pipe shall be increased to

175 psi (1205 kPa) for 10 minutes. No damage, distortion or thermal deformation to the CPVC pipe or

fittings that would impair the operation of the sprinkler or sprinkler system is permitted. The sprinkler shall

then be plugged and the sprinkler piping system shall be hydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for2 minutes. Through visual inspection, no water leakage from the sprinkler piping system is permitted.

Figure 5.6 – Set-Up for Fire Test 5.6, 5.7, and 5.8


A K = 5.6 gpm/(psi)1/2

[7.9 dm3

/min/(kPa)1/2

] sidewall residential sprinkler, with a nominal temperaturerating of 155F (68C) shall be installed in the center of a CPVC sidewall sprinkler pipe, along the wall of a20 ft. x 16 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x 4.9 m x 3 m) test enclosure as shown in Figure 5.6. The sprinkler deflector

shall be installed 6 in. (150 mm) below the ceiling. The CPVC piping arrangement shall consist of

SDR 13.5 CPVC pipe and schedule 40 or 80 fittings and shall be nominal 1 inch size. Prior to testing, theintegrity of the piping system shall be verified by subjecting the piping system to a hydrostatic pressure of

175 psi (1205 kPa) for a period of 5 minutes. No leakage is permitted.

Temperature of the water inside the sprinkler pipe shall be monitored by thermocouple TC4 embedded inthe pipe directly above the center of the test fire located at x, y coordinates (0.5, 1.0) as shown in Figure 5.6.

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Ceiling gas temperatures shall be monitored at 3 locations during the fire tests. The x, y coordinates of thethree thermocouple measuring points shall be as follows: TC1 (1.0, 0.5); TC2 (1.0, 1.5); and TC3 (1.0, 2.5),

as shown in Figure 5.6.

A simulated furniture package, as described in Section 5 and shown in Appendix I, shall be used as the test

fire load and located as shown in Figure 5.6. In addition to the 12 in. x 12 in. (305 mm x 305 mm) pan

containing 0.53 gal (200 ml) of water and 0.53 gal (200 ml) of heptane placed beneath the previouslydescribed IMO crib, two 6 in. long by ¼ in. diameter cotton wicks soaked with 0.27 gal (100 mL) of

heptane, shall be used as the ignition source. The heptane in the pan and the wicks shall be ignitedsimultaneously.











5.7 Fire Test 7

5.7.1 Requirement




enclosure, shall be able to control a slowly growing test fire without thermal deformation of the CPVC pipeor fittings. Following suppression of the fire, the water pressure in the sprinkler pipe shall be increased to

175 psi (1205 kPa) for 10 minutes. No damage or distortion to the CPVC pipe or fittings that would impair

the operation of the sprinkler or sprinkler system is permitted. The sprinkler shall then be plugged and thesprinkler piping system shall be hydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 2 minutes. Through visual

inspection, no water leakage from the sprinkler piping system is permitted.



rating of 155F (68C) shall be installed in the center of a CPVC sidewall sprinkler pipe, along the wall of a20 ft. x 16 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x 4.9 m x 3 m) test enclosure as shown in Figure 5.6. The sprinkler shall be

installed 3 inches below the ceiling. The CPVC piping arrangement shall consist of SDR 13.5 CPVC pipe

and schedule 40 or 80 fittings and shall be nominal 1 inch size. Prior to testing, the integrity of the pipingsystem shall be verified by subjecting the piping system to a hydrostatic pressure of 175 psi (1205 kPa) for

a period of 5 minutes. No leakage is permitted.

Temperature of the water inside the sprinkler pipe shall be monitored by thermocouple TC4 embedded inthe pipe directly above the center of the test fire located at x, y coordinates (0.5, 1.0) as shown in Figure 5.6.


three thermocouple measuring points shall be as follows: TC1 (1.0, 0.5); TC2 (1.0, 1.5); and TC3 (1.0, 2.5),as shown in Figure 5.6.

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One and ¾ IMO cribs shall be placed 2 in. (50 mm) above a 6 in. (152 mm) diameter heptane filled ignitionsource. The IMO cribs shall be located in the corner of the test enclosure as shown in Figure 5.6.



pipe during sprinkler operation shall provide a 0.1 gal/min/ft

2

(4.1 mm/min) discharge density. Once the fireis suppressed, the water pressure shall be increased to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 10 minutes.







5.8 Fire Test 8

5.8.1 Requirement

A K = 5.6 gpm/(psi)1/2 [7.9 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2] QRECLH sidewall sprinkler, with a nominal temperature

rating of 165F (74C) and providing 0.1 gal/min/ft2 (4.1 mm/min) discharge density, installed in the centerof a CPVC sidewall sprinkler pipe, along the wall of a 20 ft. x 16 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x 4.9 m x 3 m) testenclosure, shall be able to control a slowly growing test fire without thermal deformation of the CPVC pipe

or fittings. Following suppression of the fire, the water pressure in the sprinkler pipe shall be increased to


the operation of the sprinkler or sprinkler system is permitted. The sprinkler shall then be plugged and the

sprinkler piping system shall be hydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 2 minutes. Through visual



A K = 5.6 gpm/(psi)1/2 [7.9 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2] QRECLH sidewall sprinkler, with a nominal temperature

rating of 165F (74C) shall be installed in the center of a CPVC sidewall sprinkler pipe, along the wall of a20 ft. x 16 ft. x 10 ft. (6.1 m x 4.9 m x 3 m) test enclosure as shown in Figure 5.6. The CPVC piping

arrangement shall consist of SDR 13.5 CPVC pipe and schedule 40 or 80 fittings and shall be nominal 1 in.

size. Prior to testing, the integrity of the piping system shall be verified by subjecting the piping system to a

hydrostatic pressure of 175 psi (1205 kPa) for a period of 5 minutes. No leakage is permitted.

Temperature of the water inside the sprinkler pipe shall be monitored by a thermocouple imbedded in the

pipe directly above the center of the test fire and located at (x, y) coordinates (0.5, 1.0) as shown in

Figure 5.6.


three thermocouple measuring points shall be as follows: TC1 (1.0, 0.5); TC2 (1.0, 1.5); and TC3 (1.0, 2.5),as shown in Figure 5.6.

One and ¾ IMO cribs shall be placed 2 in. (50 mm) above a 6 in. (152 mm) diameter heptane filled ignition

source. The IMO cribs shall be located in the corner of the test enclosure as shown in Figure 5.6.

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Water temperature, measured by thermocouple TC4, shall be below the pipe manufacturer’s publishedthermal deformation temperature through the duration of the test.




5.9 Fire Test 9

5.9.1 Requirement

A K = 8.0 gpm/(psi)1/2 [11.5 dm3/min/(kPa)1/2] QRECLH sidewall sprinkler with a nominal temperature



enclosure, shall be able to control a slowly growing test fire without thermal deformation of the CPVC pipeor fittings. Following suppression of the fire, the water pressure in the sprinkler pipe shall be increased to


the operation of the sprinkler or sprinkler system is permitted. The sprinkler shall then be plugged and thesprinkler piping system shall be hydrostatically tested to 175 psi (1205 kPa) for 2 minutes. Through visual



A K = 8.0 gpm/(psi)1/2

[11.5 dm3/min/(kPa)

1/2] quick response extended coverage (QREC) sidewall

sprinkler, with a nominal temperature rating of 165F (74C), shall be installed in the center of a CPVCsidewall sprinkler pipe, along the wall of a 24 ft. x 16 ft. x 10 ft. (7.3 m x 4.9 m x 3 m) test enclosure as

shown in Figure 5.9. The sprinkler shall be installed 3 inches below the ceiling. The CPVC pipingarrangement shall consist of SDR 13.5 CPVC pipe and schedule 40 or 80 fittings and shall be nominal1 inch size. Prior to testing, the integrity of the piping system shall be verified by subjecting the piping

system to a hydrostatic pressure of 175 psi (1205 kPa) for a period of 5 minutes. No leakage is permitted.

Temperature of the water inside the sprinkler pipe shall be monitored by thermocouple TC4 imbedded in

the pipe directly above the test fire and located at (x, y) coordinates (1.0, 0.5) as shown in Figure 5.9.


three thermocouple measuring points shall be as follows: TC1 (1.0, 0.5); TC2 (1.0, 1.5); and TC3 (1.0, 2.5),

as shown in Figure 5.9.

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source. The IMO cribs shall be located in the corner of the test enclosure as shown in Figure 5.9.





All thermocouple and water pressure measurements shall be recorded throughout the duration of the test.Water temperature, measured by thermocouple TC4, shall be below the pipe manufacturer’s publishedthermal deformation temperature through the duration of the test.



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6. OPERATIONS REQUIREMENTS

A Quality Control Program is required to assure that subsequent plastic piping produced by the manufacturer at an

authorized location shall present the same quality and reliability as the specific plastic piping examined. Design

quality, conformance to design, and performance are the areas of primary concern. Design quality is determined

during the Approval examination and tests, and is covered in the Approval Report. Conformance to design is verified by control of quality and is covered in the Facilities and Procedures Audit (F&PA). Quality of performance is

determined by field performances and by periodic re-examination and testing.

6.1 Demonstrated Quality Control Program

6.1.1 The manufacturer shall demonstrate a quality assurance program which specifies controls for at least thefollowing areas:

existence of corporate quality assurance guidelines;

incoming quality assurance, including testing;

in-process quality assurance, including testing;

final inspection and tests;

equipment calibration;

drawing and change control; packaging and shipping; and,

handling and disposition of non-conforming materials

In order to assure traceability of materials and products, the manufacturer shall maintain records of allcertificates of materials and quality control tests performed for a minimum period of two years from the date

of manufacture.

6.1.2 Documentation/Manual

There shall exist an authoritative collection of procedures/policies. It should provide an accurate description

of the quality management system while serving as a permanent reference for implementation and

maintenance of that system. The system should require that sufficient records are maintained to demonstrate

achievement of the required quality and verify operation of the quality system.

6.1.3 Drawing and Change Control

The manufacturer shall establish a system of product configuration control that shall allow no

unauthorized changes to the product. Changes to critical documents, identified in the Approval Report,shall be reported to, and authorized by, FM Approvals prior to implementation for production.

The manufacturer shall assign an appropriate person or group to be responsible for, and require that,

proposed changes to FM Approved or Listed products be reported to FM Approvals before

implementation. The manufacturer shall notify FM Approvals of changes in the product or of persons

responsible for keeping FM Approvals advised by means of FM Approvals Form 797, FM Approved

Product/Specification Tested Revision Request Form

Records of all revisions to all FM Approved products shall be maintained.

6.2 Facilities and Procedures Audit (F&PA)

6.2.1 An audit of the manufacturing facility is part of the Approval investigation to verify implementation of the

quality assurance program. Its purpose is to ensure that the manufacturer’s equipment, procedures, and

quality program are maintained to produce a consistently uniform and reliable product. Initial inspections offacilities currently producing similar FM Approved products may be waived at the sole discretion of FM

Approvals.

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6.2.2 These audits shall be conducted at least annually by FM Approvals, or its designate, or more frequently

dependent on jurisdictional requirements. At issue of this standard the Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration (OSHA) of the United States Department of Labor requires audits of manufacturing sites

producing products for use in hazardous locations during each quarter the product is manufactured.

6.2.3 FM Approved products or services shall be produced or provided from the location(s) audited by FM

Approvals and as specified in the Approval Report. Manufacture of products bearing the FM Approvals

Certification Mark is not permitted at any other location without prior written authorization by FMApprovals.

6.3 Manufacturer’s Responsibilities

6.3.1 The manufacturer shall notify FM Approvals of changes in product construction, design, components, raw

materials, physical characteristics, coatings, component formulation or quality assurance procedures prior to

implementation of such changes.

6.3.2 Where all or part of the quality control has been subcontracted, the manufacturer shall, at a minimum,

conduct sufficient oversight audits to verify the continued application of the required controls.

6.4 Manufacturing and Production Tests

The manufacturer shall measure and record critical component dimensions, material thickness, and markings (as

applicable) at the beginning of each production run. Thereafter, these measurements shall be recorded every 4 hours.The number of samples to be measured shall be based on the manufacturer’s Quality Control Manual, but in no case

shall be less than five samples. Measurements shall be compared to the latest revision of the component drawings.

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APPENDIX A: Pressure Cycling Test Apparatus Configuration

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APPENDIX B: Crush Resistance Test Sample Configuration

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APPENDIX C: High Ambient Temperature Sample Configuration

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APPENDIX D: Vibration Test Sample Configuration

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APPENDIX E: Damage Resistance Test Samples

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APPENDIX F: Bending Moment Resistance Test Configuration

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APPENDIX G: IMO Crib

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APPENDIX I: Simulated Furniture Package

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APPENDIX J: Units of Measurement

FLOW: gal/min – “gallons per minute”; (L/min – “liters per minute”)

L/min = gal/min x 3.7854

FORCE: lbf – “pounds force”; (N – “Newtons”) N = lbf x 4.4482

FREQUENCY: Hz – “hertz”

K-FACTOR: gal/min/(psi)1/2 – “gallons per minute per square root of pounds per square inch”

(L/min/(kPa)1/2 – “liters per minute per square root of kilopascals”

(L/min/(kPa)1/2 = gal/min/(psi)1/2 x 1.442

LENGTH: in. – “inches”; (mm – “millimeters”)

mm = in. x 25.4

ft. – “feet”; (m – “meters”)m = ft. x 0.3048

MASS: lb – “pounds”; (kg – “kilograms”)lb = kg x 0.4536

PRESSURE: psi – “pounds per square inch”; (kPa – “kilopascals”)

kPa – psi x 6.8948

psf – “pounds per square foot”; (kPa – “kilopascals”)kPa = psf x 0.0479

bar = psi x 0.06895

VOLUME PER

UNIT AREA: gal/min/ft2 – "gallons per minute per square feet" (mm/min – "millimeters perminute")

mm/min = 40.75 x gal/min/ft2

TEMPERATURE: F – “degrees Fahrenheit”; (C – “degrees Celsius”)

C = (F – 32) x 0.556

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APPENDIX K: FM Approvals Certification Marks

FM Approvals certification marks are to be used only in conjunction with products or services that have been FM

Approved by FM Approvals and shall be in adherence with usage guidelines.

FM APPROVED mark:Authorized by FM Approvals as a certification mark for any product that has been FMApproved. There is no minimum size requirement for the mark, but it must be large enough

to be readily identifiable. The mark should be produced in black on a light background, or

in reverse on a dark background.

FM APPROVED mark with "C" only:

Authorized by FM Approvals as a certification mark for any product that has been

evaluated by FM Approvals in accordance with Canadian codes and standards. There is no

minimum size requirement for the mark, but it must be large enough to be readilyidentifiable. The mark should be produced in black on a light background, or in reverse on

a dark background.

FM APPROVED mark with "C" and "US":

Authorized by FM Approvals as a certification mark for any product that has been

evaluated by FM Approvals in accordance with US and Canadian codes and standards.There is no minimum size requirement for the mark, but it must be large enough to be

readily identifiable. The mark should be produced in black on a light background, or in

reverse on a dark background.

Cast-On FM APPROVALS marks:

Where reproduction of the FM APPROVED mark described above is impossible becauseof production restrictions, use these modified versions of the FM APPROVED mark. There

is no minimum size requirement for the mark, but it must be large enough to be readilyidentifiable.

Downloadable art and other FM Approvals resources are available by visiting our Web

site at www.fmapprovals.com

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FM Approvals Certification Marks

Usage Guidelines

All FM Approvals certification marks are the sole

property of FM Approvals LLC (“FM Approvals”)

and are registered or the subject of applications for

registration in the United States and many othercountries. They are for use only according to theseguidelines.

FM Approvals certification marks may be usedonly on FM Approved products and related

product packaging, in advertising material,

catalogs and news releases. Use of FM Approvals

certification marks on such material is not asubstitute for use of the complete FM Approvals

certification mark on FM Approved products

and/or product packaging.

No FM Approvals certification mark or aspect

thereof may be incorporated as part of a business

name, Internet domain name, or brandname/trademark for products/product lines. Thisincludes both design aspects (the FM Approvals

“diamond,” etc.) and word aspects (“FM,”

“Approved,” etc.). The use of any FM Approvals

certification mark as a trademark is strictly prohibited.

The Approval Standard number or class number

may not be incorporated as part of a businessname, Internet domain name, or brand

name/trademark for products/product lines. For

example, a company may not say “ABC

Company’s 4100 Fire Door is FM Approved”; the

proper terminology is, “ABC Company’s FireDoor is FM Approved per Approval Standard4100.”

FM Approvals certification marks, except for the

FM Approvals Quality System Registration mark,

may not be used on businessstationery/cards/signage because this could

mischaracterize the relationship with FM

Approvals. Additionally, these items should not

reference any FM Approvals certification mark.

Products or services may not be marketed under

any mark or name similar to “FM Global,” “FM

Approvals” or any of the FM Approvals

certification marks. Further, products or servicesmay not be marketed to imply a relationship

beyond the scope of any Approval made by FM

Approvals.

When an FM Approvals certification mark is used

in advertising material or on product packaging,

all material must reflect the specific circumstances

under which the product was FM Approved. Thematerial must clearly differentiate between

products that are FM Approved and those that are

not, and may not, in any way, imply a more

substantial relationship with FM Approvals.

A company may not reference the intent to submit

a product for Approval or the expectation that acompany will have a certain product FMApproved in the future. For example, a company

may not state, “Approval by FM Approvals

pending” or “Approval by FM Approvals applied

for.”

FM Approvals certification marks should not be

preceded or followed by a qualifier that indicates a

degree of certification or acceptability. Forexample, “exceeds,” “first” or “only” may not be

used to qualify any FM Approvals certification

mark.

Only original artwork issued by FM Approvals

should be used. The FM Approvals certificationmarks should not be altered in any way other thanto resize the artwork proportionately.

Unacceptable uses of the marks include, but are

not limited to, adding/deleting wording or artwork,

reducing the artwork to an illegible size, animationor distortion.

The text of the FM Approvals certification marks

may not be translated into any language other thanEnglish.

FM Approvals certification marks must appear ina size and location that is readily identifiable, but

less prominent than the name of the owner of the

certification or the manufacturer/seller/distributorof the certified products.

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APPENDIX L: Tolerances

Unless otherwise stated, the following tolerances shall apply:

Angle ± 2°

Frequency (Hz) ± 5 percent of value

Length ± 2 percent of value

Volume ± 5 percent of value

Volume Per Unit Area ± 5 percent of value

Pressure ± 5 psi (35 kPa)

Temperature ± 4°F (2°C)

Time + 5/–0 seconds

+0.1/–0 minutes

Unless stated otherwise, all tests shall be carried out at a room (ambient) temperature of 68 ± 9°F (20 ± 5°C).

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APPENDIX M: Sample Listing

PLASTIC PIPE AND FITTINGS

Unless otherwise noted, the plastic pipe and fittings shown below are FM Approved for use in exposed aboveground wet

pipe fire protection systems for Light Hazard Occupancy sprinkler systems. Rated working pressure is 175 psi (1205 kPa)at 120°F (49°C). Manufacturer’s installation instructions must be strictly followed to ensure proper performance.

ABC Co, 123 Streets Ave, City ST 33303

SDR 13.5 CPVC pipe and Schedule 40 and 80 fittings, joined by solvent cement method using ABCC 100 or equivalent

CPVC primer and ABCC 200 or equivalent CPVC cement. For joints using threaded fittings (plastic to plastic, plastic tometal) Teflon tape is recommended to obtain a good seal. Pressure ratings are 175 psi (1205 kPa) at 150°F (66°C).

Designation Product

Description Nominal

Pipe Size, in.

ABC Pipe 3 ⁄ 4 through 3

ABC11 Coupling (Slip×Slip) 3 ⁄ 4 through 3

ABC12 45° Elbow (Slip×Slip) 3 ⁄ 4 through 2ABC13 90° Elbow (Slip×Slip) 3 ⁄ 4 through 2

XYZ Co, 987 Avenues St, Town ST 44404

SDR 13.5 CPVC pipe and Schedule 40 and 80 fittings, joined by solvent cement method using XYZZ 100 or equivalentCPVC primer and XYZZ 200 or equivalent CPVC cement. For joints using threaded fittings (plastic to plastic, plastic to

metal) Teflon tape is recommended to obtain a good seal. No exposure of pipe to the areas being protected is allowed. All

pipe and fittings must be completely separated by nonremovable, fire resistant barriers from any area protected by the

system. A nonremovable barrier cannot be removed without substantial cosmetic damage. A fire-resistant barrier has aminimum finish fire rating of 15 minutes when tested per ASTM E 119. Except for minimal exposure at a sprinkler

connection, the intent is that the sprinkler system will not be exposed to a fire environment. Pressure ratings are 175 psi

(1205 kPa) at 150°F (66°C).

Designation Product

Description

Nominal

Pipe Size, in.

XYZ Pipe 3 ⁄ 4 through 3

XYZ99 Coupling (Slip×Slip) 3 ⁄ 4 through 3

XYZ98 45° Elbow (Slip×Slip) 3 ⁄ 4 through 2

XYZ97 90° Elbow (Slip×Slip) 3 ⁄ 4 through 2

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APPENDIX N: Chemical Compatibility Test Protocol

Chemical Compatibility Test for Environmental Stress Cracking between Plastic Piping Products and Steel Pipe

with Antimicrobial (AMC) and/or Antibacterial Coatings/Films

If one of the intended uses of the plastic pipe and fittings is in hybrid sprinkler systems (i.e. plastic pipe connected tointernally coated steel pipe), evaluation of plastic pipe and fittings under this standard shall include chemical compatibilitytesting with all FM Approved manufacturer applied internally coated steel pipe (i.e. internally coated by the manufacturer)

in accordance with Appendix N.

Requirement

When exposed to a solution of deionized (DI) water and the extract from Antimicrobial (AMC) or Antibacterial

coated steel pipe, tensile Type V specimens of plastic pipe shall not experience an average reduction of more than 20

percent in Tensile Stress at Yield nor an average reduction of more than 50 percent in Elongation at Break whencompared to unexposed control specimens. There shall be no cracks or crazes visually observable on the tensile

surface of exposed specimens for all exposure periods. Results of this testing will be reported as PASS or FAIL in

the applicable test documentation. When testing is required for compatibility with plastic fittings only, special

considerations will be given to the shape of the test samples and will be determined by FM Approvals at the time of project initiation.

Test/Verification

Deionized (DI) water shall be used to extract antibacterial or antimicrobial coatings from the inside surfaces of all

currently FM Approval steel sprinkler pipe with Antimicrbial (AMC) or Antibacterial Coatings/Films in accordance

with the following procedure:

Place a cut section of 2 mil (0.002 in.) thickness Teflon® PTFE film on one end of a 5 ft (1.52 m) long 3 in.

(75 mm) NPS piece of coated pipe.

Cover the Teflon® PTFE film with a 3 in. (75 mm) rubber end cap, and fit an end cap on the end of the pipe.

Tighten the hose clamp on the rubber end cap to prevent water leakage.

Place the pipe in the upright position, with the sealed cap located at the bottom.

Pour five liters of DI water into the open end of the pipe.

Seal the open end of the pipe with a second section of Teflon film and a second rubber end cap/hose clamp.

Place the pipe horizontally on a suitable apparatus that will allow constant rotation of the pipe for a period of

10 days at a rotation rate of 44 +/- 2 revolutions per minute (RPM).

At the completion of the 10 day extraction period, remove the DI water extract from the pipe and collect for

subsequent exposure testing of CPVC / plastic pipe samples.

Type V Tensile Specimens shall be machined from 1 inch NPS chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) or other

plastic pipe being considered for FM Approval in hybrid fire sprinkler systems with steel pipes with antimicrobial or

antibacterial coatings.

The dimensions of Type V tensile specimens are shown in Figure N-1 for a 1 inch NPS specimen of 13.5 SDRCPVC pipe made in accordance with ASTM F442-09. Dimensions of the Type V-tensile specimens may vary

based on pipe thickness. The fabrication of Type V tensile specimens is to be in accordance with

ASTM D638-08.

Due to the limited dimensions of 1 inch NPS CPVC pipe, and potentially other plastic pipes, it is necessary to

machine the length of 2.500 inch tensile specimen along the longitudinal axis of the 1 inch NPS CPVC or other

plastic pipe as shown in Figure N-2 for fabrication of the Type V tensile specimens.

The cut edges of the machined surfaces shall be made smooth by finishing with No. 320 or finer sandpaper.

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2.500 in.(63.5 mm)

0.375 in.(9.52 mm)

0.375 in.(9.52 mm)

0.070 in.(1.78 mm)

0.125 in.(3.17 mm)

R0.500

0.866 in.(22.00 mm)

0.866 in.(22.01 mm)

A minimum of five Type V tensile specimens mounted on an appropriately sized strain jig in accordance with

ASTM D543-06 (1 percent for CPVC pipe in accordance with ASTM F442-09) shall be tested for each

condition.

Figure N-1 - Schematic drawing for dimensions of Type V tensile specimens in accordance withASTM D638-08 of 1 inch NPS CPVC in accordance with ASTM F442-09 (units in inches)

Figure N-2 - Schematic drawing for the machining direction of the Type V tensile

specimen in accordance with ASTM D638-08 of 1 inch NPS CPVC pipe in accordancewith ASTM F442-09 (units in inches)

2.500 in.(63.5 mm)

0.070 in.(1.78 mm)

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Strain fixture operation and tensile properties’ measurements shall be conducted in accordance with the following procedure.

Mount 5 Type V tensile specimens on an appropriately sized strain fixture in accordance with ASTM D543-08(1 percent for 1 inch NPS CPVC pipe per ASTM F442-09). Ensure that at least 0.7 in. (18 mm) of close contact

along every specimen’s gage length and fixture surface is maintained, and specimens do not touch each other. It

should be noted that the top surface of the Type V tensile specimen mounted on the strain fixture shall be theinside surface (water side) of the CPVC / plastic pipe.

Prepare four sets of mounted strain fixtures for each type of DI water extract exposure. Three sets of strainfixtures are used for exposure testing and one set is used to test as the control sample (i.e. DI exposure only).

Place the mounted strain fixture in a glass jar with 400 ml of the DI water extract, and ensure that the fixtures

are fully immersed in the extract for test periods of 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks.

To ensure good chemical contact between Type V tensile specimens and the DI water extract throughout

exposure period, the liquid in the glass containers should be stirred once daily during the first week of exposureand once each week subsequently.

After 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks of exposure, remove the applicable exposed Type V tensile specimens from

the strain fixtures and measure the tensile properties in accordance with ASTM D638-08. After 1 week of

exposure, remove the unexposed control specimens and measure the tensile properties in accordance withASTM D638-08.

Test specimens within 24 hours after being removed from the strain fixture.

The nominal strain rate in tensile test shall be 1 mm/min (0.039 inch/min) for all exposure conditions in order to

have a consistent testing speed throughout the tests.

Average value with Standard deviation shall be calculated for the sample size of 5 test samples.

All specimens shall pass the Acceptance Criteria as shown below:

State of surface: There shall be no cracks or crazes visually observable on the tensile surface and edges ofexposed specimens for all specified exposure periods. Results of this testing will be reported as PASS or FAIL

in the applicable test documentation.

Tensile Strength at Yield: There shall be less than 20 percent reduction in the average value of the Tensile

Strength at Yield for exposed specimens vs. unexposed control specimens for all specified exposure periods.Results of this testing will be reported as PASS or FAIL in the applicable test documentation.

Elongation at Break: There shall be less than 50 percent reduction in the average value of the Elongation at

Break for exposed specimens vs. unexposed control specimens. Results of this testing will be reported as PASSor FAIL in the applicable test documentation.