for web-based automated, two-dimensional levee- federal ... · web-based automated dam/levee break...

Web-Based Automated, Two-Dimensional Levee-

Failure Flood Simulation using DSS-WISE™ Lite

NATIONAL CENTER FOR COMPUTATIONAL HYDROSCIENCE AND ENGINEERINGTHE UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI

ForFEDERAL EMERGENCY

MANAGEMENT AGENCY

Association of State Floodplain Managers (ASFPM)

2017 Annual Conference (41st)

April 30 - May 5, 2017,

Kansas City Convention Center, Kansas City, Missouri

Mustafa S. Altinakar, Marcus Z. McGrath, Vijay P. RamalingamNATIONAL CENTER FOR COMPUTATIONAL HYDROSCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

James E. DembyFEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DAM SAFETY PROGRAM

Project Goal and Acknowledgment

DSS-WISE™ LiteWEB-BASED AUTOMATED DAM/LEVEE BREAK MODELING AND MAPPING

WITH STANDALONE GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACEADAPTED TO THE NEEDS OF FEMA AND NDSP

FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY (FEMA)FEDERAL INSURANCE AND MITIGATION ADMINISTRATION (FIMA)

RISK ANALYSIS DIVISION (RAD)NATIONAL DAM SAFETY PROGRAM (NDSP)

Goal: To provide a 24/7 available free-of-charge service that offers web-based automated dam-break flood simulation and mapping capability for any storage dam in the USA.

Introduction and Brief History

• 24/7 free access to vetted Dams Sector stakeholders

• Web-based access requiring only a computer and a browser

• GIS-based user-friendly graphical user interface for simulation setup

• Information entered by the users should be kept to a minimum

• Data preparation does not require skills in numerical modeling

• Automated (no human intervention) input data preparation

• Two-dimensional simulation and mapping (at different resolution)

• Robust numerical model that solves full dynamic shallow water equations

• Numerical model should handle wetting and drying and mixed regime flows

• Short computational time

• Results can be viewed during the simulation

• GIS Compatible of output file

• Self-governed user management system

Introduction and Brief History

DSS-WISE Lite is so fast that, it can be used as an operational, real-time emergency management tool in times of crises.

NCCHE has been helping FEMA, USDA-ARS, and various States when dams are in imminent danger of failure during extreme hydrologic events. Examples include:

1. Percy Quinn State Park (Lake Tangipahoa), MS, during Hurricane Isaac in 2012

2. Pearl River Lock #2, MS, during Hurricane Isaac in 2012

3. Four dams in danger of failure in North Dakota in May 2013 (Renwick Dam, Herzog Dam, Bourbanis Dam, Willow Creek - Park River Det Dam #1)

4. Four dams simulated during October 2105 flood in South Carolina

N

Percy Quinn State Park Dam

Pearl River Lock #2, MS

General Flow Diagram of the DSS-WISE™ Web Portal with Map Server and Graphical User Interface (GUI)

SecurityLayer

Job Scheduling

Error Checking

Preprocessing

Input Data Preparation

Compute Simulation

Storage (NAS)

DSS-WISE™ LITE CLUSTER

Off-Site Storage

Remote User

Network Attached Storage

Synchronize Files & Database

Pro

cess

es R

un

nin

g S

imu

lta

neo

usl

y

Prepare Results Package

Map server provides access to DSS-WISE™ Lite capability

Users request access to a groupManagers manage their group

DSS-WISE™ Web Viewer

Checks Login Credentials

Secu

rity

Bar

rie

r

Secure Web PortalOutside World

Prepare and submit a DSS-WISE™ Lite simulation job

Documentation

Simulation Results

Manage Groups

DSS-WISE™ Lite Prep Tool

My Jobs

Groups Administered

All Supervised Groups

Groups

Managed Groups

View/download Simulation resultsMonitor ongoing simulations

Manuals, video tutorials, Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Managers manage their group

Users request access to a group

User views his/her own jobs

Group Managers view jobs by their group

Group Managers view their subgroups, if anySecure

InternetConnection

New Capabilities and Improvements Implemented in the New Version of DSS-WISE™ Lite

• Hydrograph-type simulation can be used to simulate dam/levee breach

• Simulations for a downstream distance up to 390 miles

• Cell sizes from 20 ft to 200 ft are allowed

• NLD Levees are automatically burned into the DEM at the selected cell size

• Discharge hydrographs at the dam section and up to 10 user defined cross sections

• Simulations are no longer restricted to dams registered in the NID. Any storage dam, even those that are in the planning stage can be simulated.

• Input data is validated in real time and messages are provided to guide the user

• A web page allows user to see his/her simulations and to view/download the results

• Inundation extent is displayed at regular intervals during the simulation to monitor the progress

• A “Kill Button” is available to the user to terminate a running simulation at any time and obtain the results

• DEM and various shapefiles are now provided as part of the results package

• Self-governed user-management system

Access Page of DSS-WISE™ Web Portal (https://dsswiseweb.ncche.olemiss.edu/)

Click here to log in if you already have a user ID and password

Click here to display the About page Click here to display the Help page

Click here to Request Access to the system if you wish to use DSS-WISE™ Web and DSS-WISE™ Lite capability.

Click here to go to the FEMA web page.

To access the web pages of the National Center for Computational Hydroscience and Engineering or the University of Mississippi, click on the corresponding logo.

To access the web pages of the ASDSO, USSD, or ASFPM, click on the corresponding logo.

Click here to send an email to the development team

Click these links to display “Terms and Conditions” or “Privacy” rules

https://dsswiseweb.ncche.olemiss.edu/

Group Concept (1)

The new version of DSS-WISE™ System introduced the so-called “Group” concept. The following rules apply to groups:

• Each group is assigned a specific geographic area in which the DSS-WISE™ Lite simulations can be carried out.

• The geographic area for a group can be

• the entire USA,

• the area comprising the territory of all the states under the jurisdiction of a FEMA regional office

• the territory of a state

• Each group is managed by or more “Group Managers”. Group manager manages the group and decides to accept or reject requests of membership to the group.

• Each simulation belongs to a group.

• Each user is a member of at least one group.

• When a person fills out the application form to request access to the DSS-WISE™ Web, he/she is first given a “candidate-user” status with valid login credentials. A candidate user can only access the groups page to request membership but cannot launch any simulation until he/she is accepted as a member of at least one group and becomes full fledged user.

How Become a DSS-WISE™ System User (6)

NCCHE FEMA

FEMA R01

FEMA R02

FEMA R03

FEMA R04

FEMA R05

FEMA R06

FEMA R09

FEMA R10

FEMA R07

FEMA R08

FEMA HQ

NOAA-NWS

USDA-NRCS

CT ME MA NH RI VT

NJ NY PR VI

DC DE MD PA VA WV

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN

IL IN MI MN OH WI

AR LA NM OK TX

IA KS MO NE

CO MT ND SD UT WY

AZ CA HI NV AS GU TT

AK ID OR WA

LEVEL 0 LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3

Subgroups Sub-subgroupsGroup(s)Admin

Main page of DSS-WISE™ Web Portal

After the user logs in, the main page of DSS-WISE™ Web portal displays four options:

DSS-WISE™ Web Viewer button displays a map server and provides access to various analytical modules. Currently, only “DSS-WISE Lite” module is available to set up and launch dam-break flood simulations.

This button displays the “DSS-WISE™ Lite Simulation Status & Results” page. The tabs on this page depends on whether the user is a simple user, or a group manager.

This button provides access to group administration page.• Users may request

access to groups.• Group Managers

manage the users of their group.

This will be discussed in Lecture 8

This button opens the documentation page which provides access to manuals, video tutorials, frequently asked questions (FAQ) page, and the known issues.

Currently, only the DSS-WISE™ Lite capability is available with three submodules : “Prep Tool” to prepare and launch simulations, “Status and Results” to monitor and view the results, and “Groups” to request membership and manage groups (Group Managers only).

Currently three options are available: “Frequently Asked Questions (F.A.Q.s)”, “User Manuals”, and “Contact Information”.

Options become visible when mouse hovers over the button

Links provided

Overview of the “DSS-WISE™ Web Viewer” with the OpenStreetMap as Background Map Layer

The “user name” under which the user logged into the DSS-WISE Lite

Click on this button to log out of DSS-WISE Lite.

The current version of DSS-WISE Lite Web Viewer

Currently there are three background map layers that are available: “Satellite Imagery” from ESRI, Physical Map from OpenStreetMap (OSM) and the USGS 1/3 arc-second DEM Layer rendered as a hillshade image.

Zoom in

Zoom out

When the DSS-WISE Lite Web Viewer is launched, OpenStreetMap (OSM) is displayed as the background map. The zoom level is initially set to display the entire Unite States. The user is expected to zoom into the area of interest.

Clicking on this button to displays the layer source:

Mouse pointer is an arrow when not pointing to an action button

Latitude and longitude of the location pointed by the mouse

Scale for the background map

Mouse pointer takes the form of a hand when pointing at an action button

Click here to dock the layer source information




Links provided

Overview of the “DSS-WISE™ Lite Web Viewer” with the Satellite Image as the Background Map Layer





Zoom in

Zoom out

By clicking on the “Satellite” button on the upper right corner of the screen, the background image is changed to ESRI World Imagery










Links provided

Overview of the “DSS-WISE™ Lite Web Viewer” with the DEM as the Background Map Layer





Zoom in

Zoom out







By clicking on the “DEM” button on the upper right corner of the screen, the background image is changed to hillshade view of the NCCHE Modified USGS NED.

General Description of the “PrepTool” Data Entry Wizard for DSS-WISE™ Lite

If NID is defined

fill in “Hyd. Height”

from NID

If NID ID is defined

fill in Max. Elev. and

Vol. Normal

Elev. and Vol. from

NID

Context Dependency in DSS-WISE™ Lite “PrepTool” Tabs

⑫① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑪

Only Breach Width

required

Reservoir Elev. & Vol. at failure

not required

Hyd. Height not

required

NID

IDN

o N

ID ID

Res

ervo

irH

ydro

grap

h

Tota

l Dam

B

reac

hPa

rtia

l Dam

B

reac

hTo

tal D

am

Bre

ach

Part

ial D

am

Bre

ach

Skipped

Skipped

Skipped

Skipped

Optional Optional

Choose to define or not

NID

Choose Reservoir

or Hydrograph

type simulation

Choose Total Dam Breach or Partial Dam Breach

All information in the tab is required

The tab is skipped because of options chosen by the user

Tab content area is context dependent based on choices

LeveeBreachSimul.

Data Requirements Based on the Simulation Type and Breach Type

Tab No 1: Group Selection

Tab No 2: Scenario Description

Tab No 3: Scenario Description

Tab No 4: Reservoir Information

Tab No 5: Impounding Structures

Tab No 5: Impounding Structures (continued)

Tab No 6: Conditions at Failure

Tab No 7: Partial Breach Information

Tab No 8: Breach Hydrograph

Tab No 9: Simulation Parameters

Tab No 10: Bridges

Tab No 10: Bridges (continued)

Tab No 11: Observation Lines

Tab No 11: Observation Lines

Observation Line is a construct used in DSS-WISE™ Lite to extract computed hydrograph across a cross section.

It is defined as a polyline with two or more vertices at a cross section of interest. DSS-WISE™ Lite computes the discharge across this polyline at regular intervals and records into a “comma separated value (csv)” file to made available as part of the final results. If there are more than one observation lines, a separate csv file is generated for each observation file.

1

23

4

5

Observation Line

Dashed line showing the positive flow side

(q+) Once the observation line is defined an icon appears to allow the user to switch the positive and negative sides for the observation line 5

43

21

Observation Line

Dashed line showing the positive flow side

(q+)

Tab No 11: Observation Lines (continued)

Tab No 12: Review and Submit

Tab No 12: Review and Submit (continued)

Automated Data Preparation

1. Computational area is defined as square centered on the breach point, with edges slightly longer than twice the user specified downstream distance

2. The DEM tiles contributing to the computational area are selected, and joined as a virtual raster by carrying out operations of mosaicking, warping, and resampling at the user specified cell size on the fly

3. The levees of the National Levee Database (NLD) are available in xyz polyline shapefile format. If there are NLD levees in the computational domain, these are rasterized at the correct cell size, and burned into the topography.

4. The bridges specified by the user on Tab No 10 are breached to create a passageway for the flow.

5. Reservoir-type simulations represent the reservoir as a water body. The bottom topography of the reservoir is generally not represented in the DEM. Using a skeletonization algorithm and parametric cross section shape the bed topography is estimated to match the storage volume at failure and burned into the DEM.

Automated Data Preparation

7. The friction coefficients for the domain are assigned based on the classified land use/cover raster layer (1 arc-second) taken from the National Land Cover Database 2011 (NLCD 2011)

8. Free outflow boundary condition is specified along the four edges of the computational domain, which allows the flow reaching the edge of the computational boundary without any perturbations.

The automated input-data preparation module prepares all input files that are needed by the computational engine to run the simulation.

Computational Engine

𝑼𝑡 + 𝑭 𝑼 𝑥 + 𝑮 𝑼 𝑦 = 𝑺 𝑼

DSS-WISE™ Lite solves 2D Shallow Water Equations (SWE)

𝑼 =ℎℎ𝑢ℎ𝑣

𝑭(𝑼) =ℎ𝑢

ℎ𝑢𝑢 + 𝑔 Τℎ2 2ℎ𝑢𝑣

𝑮(𝑼) =ℎ𝑣ℎ𝑣𝑢

ℎ𝑣𝑣 + 𝑔 Τℎ2 2

Vector of Conserved Variables

Vector of Fluxes inx-direction

Vector of Fluxes iny-direction

𝑺(𝑼) =

𝑞𝑣

−𝑔ℎ𝑢 𝑛2 𝑢2 + 𝑣2

ℎ Τ4 3− 𝑔

1

2ℎ𝐿 + ℎ𝑅

𝜕𝑧𝑏𝜕𝑥

−𝑔ℎ𝑣 𝑛2 𝑢2 + 𝑣2

ℎ Τ4 3− 𝑔

1

2ℎ𝐵 + ℎ𝑇

𝜕𝑧𝑏𝜕𝑦

Vector of Source Terms (due to bed slope and bed friction)

n

ijjiji

j

jiji

i

n

ij

n

ij StGGy

tFF

x

tUU

2/1,2/1,,2/1,2/1

1

Next time value of the

conserved variable

Current time value of the

conserved variable

Flux entering/leaving at the

west intercell boundary


east intercell boundary


north intercell boundary


south intercell boundary

Source

Term

Intercell fluxes are computed using HLLC explicit scheme



State-of-the-art 2D computational flood modeling:

• Uses Finite Volume method to solve conservative form of full two-dimensional shallow water equations

• Shock capturing HLLC scheme is used

• It handles mixed flow regimes (subcritical, transcritical, and supercritical)

• Flow discontinuities (positive waves, traveling hydraulic jumps, etc.) are captured without any smoothing or any oscillations

• Wetting and drying are handled automatically

• Automatic variable time stepping

• Model can directly use a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), thus does not need mesh generation

• Reservoir is solved as part of the computational domain

• Multi-core, multi-threaded parallel programming (OpenMP) to increase speed

• Tracking and computing only wet cells to increase speed

• Fully verified and validated

𝑁𝐶𝐹𝐿 = 𝑚𝑎𝑥∆𝑡

∆𝑥𝑢 + 𝑔ℎ ,

∆𝑡

∆𝑦𝑣 + 𝑔ℎ ≤ 0.5

Status and Results Page

Monitoring the Results (60 ft) During Simulation


The user can choose the layers to be displayed


Background is changed to satellite imagery

Status and Results Page: Simulation with 60 ft Cell Size is Successfully Completed

Status and Results Page: Simulation with 60 ft Cell Size is Successfully Completed / List of Files Available for Download

Status and Results Page: Simulation with 60 ft Cell Size is Successfully Completed / Zooming into the Map

On the Status and Results page, the user can zoom into the map to see the area inundated in greater detail


Second simulation with 90 ft cell size is also completed and the results are available for download

Final inundation of the second simulation with 90 ft cell size

Status and Results Page: Simulation with 90 ft Cell Size is Successfully Completed

90 ft60 ft


Comparison of the inundation areas of the simulations with 60 ft (left) and 90 ft (right) cell size.

Downloading Final Results for the Simulation with 60 ft Cell Size

Final Results Package for the Simulation with 60 ft Cell Size

Final(17.803)miles_NAXXXXX_Flood_WetDry-05-03-2017

Shapefile showing the inundation area at the end of the simulation.

FloodArrivalTime-NAXXXXX-filledcontour-Hrs-05-03-2017 FloodHMax-NAXXXXX-filledcontour-ft-05-03-2017

FloodArrivalTime(hrs)

FloodDepth

(ft)

NAXXXXX_InputShapes

Dam Crest Line captured during

the simulation setup

Breach Center captured during

the simulation setup

Observation Line 1

Observation Line 2

Observation Line 2

RasterFiles_NAXXXXX / NAXXXXX_DEM_Elev_in_Ft-05-03-2017_UTM.tif

DEM used as computational domain

RasterFiles_NAXXXXX / NAXXXXX_FloodArrivalTime_in_Hrs-05-03-2017_UTM.tif

Flood Arrival Time raster map

RasterFiles_NAXXXXX / NAXXXXX_FloodDepth_in_Ft-05-03-2017_UTM.tif

Maximum Flood Depth raster map

KMZ File for Rapid Dissemination of Results

KMZ file of the inundation extent provides a way of quickly disseminating the simulation results


Inundation area viewed in Google Earth in perspective view


One can zoom into any area to view the results in greater detail


Querying the locations of hospitals in Google Earth shows which hospitals may be affected by the flood


Querying the locations of schools in Google Earth shows which schools may be affected by the flood

PDF Report

PDF Report

Stats for the Simulation with 60 ft:Simulation Request Received: 12:54 AM CDT (05/03/2017)Simulation Start Time: 01:00 AM CDT (05/03/2017)Simulation End Time: 02:48 AM CDT (05/03/2017)

Data Preparation Time: 6 minSimulation Time: 1hr 48 minUser received the results 1hr 54 minutes after pressing the submit button.

72 hrs of flood computed in 1hr 48 min.Simulation is 38 times faster than reality.

Stats for the Simulation with 90 ft:Simulation Request Received: 12:58 AM CDT (05/03/2017)Simulation Start Time: 01:02 AM CDT (05/03/2017) / Data Prep: 4 minSimulation End Time: 01:31 AM CDT (05/03/2017) / Simul. Time: 29 min

PDF Report

Statistical information on the performance of live-system simulations from November 8, 2016 to March 25, 2017

March 25, 2017: 487 simulations submitted

April 18, 2017: 654 simulations submitted

Statistical information on the performance of live-system simulations from November 8, 2016 to March 25, 2017

The results can also be seen on mobile devices such as cell phones and tablets!

This System is Yours to Use 24/7 and Free-of-Charge

Developed by NCCHE with funding from FEMA, the standalone DSS-WISE™ Web portal and the DSS-WISE™ Lite capability provides robust and rapid two-dimensional dam-break flood modeling capabilities with resolutions from 20 ft. to 200 ft.

The intuitive web-based GUI minimizes the burden of data input and allows a quick and easy simulation setup with minimal effort for the user.

Extensive real-time error checking algorithms built into the system help the user to identify and correct errors and inconsistencies in the input data and minimizes the chances of submitting simulations with input errors.

The self-governing tree-like user management system with groups allows group managers to review the simulations submitted by their members efficiently, and provides a secure environment that prevents unauthorized access.

The system is fast enough (both for set up and simulation) to be used as operational simulation tool for emergencies

THIS WEB-BASED AUTOMATED SIMULATION AND MAPPING SYSTEM IS YOURS TO USE 24/7 FREE OF CHARGE

PLEASE LET US KNOW ADITIONAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS YOU HAVE IN MIND



Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding received from FEMA through contract no. HSFE60-15-C-0036 for the development of the standalone web portal and graphical user interface DSS-WISE™ Web to provide web-based, two-dimensional automated dam-break flood modeling and mapping using DSS-WISE™ Lite.

For additional information, suggestions or comments, please contact

Mustafa Altinakar, Ph.D.Director & Research Professor

National Center for Computational Hydroscience and EngineeringThe University of Mississippi

Brevard Hall Room 327, P.O. Box 1848University, MS 38677-1848

Phone: + 1 662 915-7788; Fax: + 1 662 915-7796Cell Phone: +1 662 801-7756

Email: [email protected]

QUESTIONS?

for web-based automated, two-dimensional levee- federal ... · web-based automated dam/levee break...

Documents